UPSR Science Enhancement Module

CONTROLLING VARIABLES AND MAKING HYPOTHESIS

1.

An investigation was carried out about the basic needs of animals as shown in the
diagram below.

( a)

State two information gathered from the investigation.

_________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

(b)

Based on the result, state what to:

i. change?
__________________________________________________________
ii. observe?
__________________________________________________________
iii. keep the same?
__________________________________________________________

(c )

State the relationship between the two information gathered.

__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
The size of the airtight container affects the time for the animal to stay alive.

(d)

State the relationship between the two information in the above statement.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

JPN KEDAH 08

UPSR Science Enhancement Module

CONTROLLING VARIABLES AND MAKING HYPOTHESIS

2.

Adam carries out an investigation to measure the rate of breathing for a group of
pupils in one minute after doing the same activity.
The table below shows the result of the investigation.

( a)

Pupils

Rate of breathing

David

72

Yoga

75

Daniel

80

Ali

85

Hamid

88

State two information gathered in the investigation.

_________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

(b)

Based on the result, state what to:

i. change?
__________________________________________________________
ii. measure?
__________________________________________________________
iii.

keep the same?

__________________________________________________________
(c )

State the relationship between the two information gathered.

__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
When Daniel is resting, his rate of breathing is 64 times per minute. After
running, his rate of breathing is 80 times per minute.

(d)

State the relationship between the two information in the above statement.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

JPN KEDAH 08

UPSR Science Enhancement Module

CONTROLLING VARIABLES AND MAKING HYPOTHESIS

3.

The diagram shows an investigation carried out by a pupil. He changes the length of
the pendulum and records the time taken for the pendulum to make 20 complete
swings.

The table shows the result of the investigation.

Length of pendulum /cm

( a)

25

Time taken for the pendulum to make 20

complete swings / s
10

30

15

35

20

40

25

45

30

State two information gathered in the investigation.

__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

(b)

Based on the result in the above table, state what to:

i. change?
__________________________________________________________
ii. measure?
__________________________________________________________
iii. keep the same?
__________________________________________________________

(c )

State the relationship between the two information gathered.

__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
The number of swings depends on the mass of the pendulum bob.

(d)

State the relationship between the two information in the above statement.
__________________________________________________________

JPN KEDAH 08

UPSR Science Enhancement Module

CONTROLLING VARIABLES AND MAKING HYPOTHESIS

4.

A group of pupils carries out an investigation as follows:

Steps : 1. Fill 100 ml of water in beaker P, 200 ml of water in beaker Q,
300 ml of water in beaker R and 400 ml of water in beaker S.
2. Boil the water.
3. Record the time taken for the water in each beaker to boil.
Observation:
Beaker

(a)

Volume of water / ml

Time taken to boil / minutes

100

200

300

400

State two information gathered in the investigation.

__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

(b)

Based on the result in the above table, state what to:

i. change?
__________________________________________________________
ii. measure?
__________________________________________________________
iii.

keep the same?

__________________________________________________________
(c )

State the relationship between the two information gathered.

__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
The size of the flame affects the time taken for the water to boil.

(d)

State the relationship between the two information in the above statement.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

JPN KEDAH 08

UPSR Science Enhancement Module

CONTROLLING VARIABLES AND MAKING HYPOTHESIS

5.

Raju carries out an investigation about evaporation of water. He fills 20 ml of water in

three different containers and put them on a table. The volume of water left in each
container is measured after four hours.

The result of the investigation is shown in the table .

Container

Volume of water left after four hours / ml

45

30

15

( a) State two information gathered in the investigation.

__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(b)

Based on the result in the above table, state what to:

i. change?
_____________________________________________________________
ii. measure?
_____________________________________________________________
iii.

keep the same?

_____________________________________________________________
(c)

How does the volume of water left after four hours change when the exposed
surface of the container changes?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
The time taken for the water to evaporate depends on the surrounding
temperature.

(d )

State the relationship between the two information in the above statement.
__________________________________________________________

JPN KEDAH 08

UPSR Science Enhancement Module

CONTROLLING VARIABLES AND MAKING HYPOTHESIS

6.

The table shows the length of the shadow of a pole at a specific time.

Time

Length of the shadow/cm

(a)

9.30
a.m

10.00
a.m

10.30
a.m

11.00
a.m

11.30
a.m

12.00
noon

46

30

16

State two information gathered in the investigation.

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

(b)

Based on the result shown in the above table, state what to:
i. change?
_____________________________________________________________
ii. measure?
_____________________________________________________________
iii.

keep the same?

_____________________________________________________________
(c)

How does the length of the shadow change when the time changes?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

JPN KEDAH 08

UPSR Science Enhancement Module

CONTROLLING VARIABLES AND MAKING HYPOTHESIS

7.

Farah carries out an investigation to observe the effect of shape on two model bridges
shown below. Both model bridges are made of the same materials.

The table shows the maximum mass the bridges can support.
Model
P
R
(a)

Mass can be supported / g

150
250

State two information gathered in the investigation.

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

(b)

Based on the result shown in the above table, state what to:
i. change?
_____________________________________________________________
ii. measure?
_____________________________________________________________
iii.

keep the same?

_____________________________________________________________
(c)

What is the relationship between the two information gathered?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
The stability of an object depends on the size of its base area

(d)

State the relationship between the two information gathered based on the
above statement.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

JPN KEDAH 08

UPSR Science Enhancement Module

CONTROLLING VARIABLES AND MAKING HYPOTHESIS

8.

May Lin carries out an investigation to measure the distance travelled by a toy
car on different types of surfaces.

Toy car
Inclined plane

Distance travelled
Wooden blocks
Cement floor
She records the observation in table below.
Types of surface
Cement floor
Carpet
Glass
(a)

Distance travelled by a toy car/ m

110
80
150

State two information gathered in the investigation.

________________________________________________________________

(b)

Based on the result shown in the above table, state what to:
i. change?
_____________________________________________________________
ii. measure?
_____________________________________________________________
iii. keep the same?
_____________________________________________________________

(c)

What is the relationship between the two information gathered?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
The distance travelled by a toy car depends on the height of the incline plane.

(d)

State the relationship between the two information gathered based on the
above statement.
______________________________________________________________

JPN KEDAH 08

UPSR Science Enhancement Module

CONTROLLING VARIABLES AND MAKING HYPOTHESIS

9.

An investigation has been carried out by a group of pupils on the number of

rhinoceros in a habitat.
The bar chart shows the number of rhinoceros observed over 20 years.
Number of
Rhinoceros

1900 1905
(a)

1910 1915

1920

Year

State two information gathered in the investigation.

________________________________________________________________

(b)

Based on the result shown in the above table, state what to:
i. change?
_____________________________________________________________
ii. measure?
_____________________________________________________________
iii.

keep the same?

_____________________________________________________________
(c)

What is the relationship between the two information gathered?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
The number of animals in a habitat is affected by forest conservation.

(d)

State the relationship between the two information gathered based on the
above statement.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

JPN KEDAH 08

UPSR Science Enhancement Module

CONTROLLING VARIABLES AND MAKING HYPOTHESIS

10. Yusoff compares the time taken to school by cycling and riding a motorcycle.
The table shows the time taken.

a)

Types of vehicle

Time taken to school / minutes

Bicycle

15

Motorcycle

State two information gathered in the investigation.

________________________________________________________________

(b)

Based on the result shown in the above table, state what to:
i. change?
_____________________________________________________________
ii. measure?
_____________________________________________________________
iii.

keep the same?

_____________________________________________________________
(c)

What is the relationship between the two information gathered ?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

The time taken for a vehicle to reach its destination is influenced by its speed.
(d)

State the relationship between the two information gathered based on the
above statement.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

JPN KEDAH 08

10