Introduction

This research project involved a one year study of performance and retention of a freshman class of male and female engineering majors at Missouri University of Science and Technology (MissouriS&T). Formerly the University of Missouri- Rolla, Missouri S&T is a science and engineering oriented university of 6000 students in Rolla, Missouri where 80% of full-time freshmen are engineering majors and 75% of the undergraduate students are males.( HAEMMERLIE 2) The data show in United States, the gender difference in engineering are large, a lots of male students choose engineering as their major but female not. Female more like to choose art and language major instant of male who is always choose engineer major. Because of that, the number of female engineer becomes very low. For that, we should think about it from several parts.

Interest
In 2006, women made up 21% of computer science majors in the U.S. while males made up 31% of English majors in the U.S. (U.S. Department of Education 2006). "(Cheryan 3) According to that, women arent interest in engineering as men arent interest in English. The interest of engineering for female is very low, so few women choose engineering for their major. This will happen maybe because of the old idea: women should stay at home as home wife instead of working outside, some art or language becomes the best choices for woman who is wanted as a home wife. Also, women are always though that has more emotion than men, they have more art talent than men, the achievement of art for women prove that. From the public thinking, most of women choose art and language major instead of engineering.

Academic performance

Academic performance difference is very useful point to explain difference in engineering. In the United States, between 1981 and 2004, the percentage of female bachelor degree recipients in biological/life sciences rose from 39.1% to 60.1%; in physics, the percentage increased from less than 15% to 22%; in engineering, it went from 10.1% to still only 20.5%; and in computer/information science, womens percentage of degrees even declined over the period, from 32.5% to 25.1% (American Institute of Physics, 2005, Figure 18; Commission on Professionals in Science and Technology, 2006, Tables 3-15 & 3-19).( Sonnert 2) Because the low bachelor degree percentage of female, women are though as not good in engineering area, that influence the major choices of female. With low bachelor degree, a lot of female gave up the engineering and change their plan in high school, than choosing other majors that increase the bachelor degree recipients of other majors.

Employment pressure
It is true that women in Pennsylvania who work full time make 23 percent less than men in Pennsylvania who work full time. This "wage gap" does not, however, occur where men and women work at the same job. Rather, women make 23 percent less than men largely because they work in different ways, in different fields.(April 1) For female, they are always face a big problem that is earning lower wage than men to do same full-time work in some jobs which need some major degree such as engineering. Women are though as delicate that they can afford a long time hard work with high physical strength and women also work in a group which is the way of female, the efficiency of single female is lower than male, so some companies more like to choose male instead of female to do their work because of the way of female working. That means if they employ female, they need employ more women and need paying wage more than employing several men. For that reasons, the employment pressure is higher for female, lose a lot

of working area and high paying job which need high physical strength. Job opportunities are lower than male for female, some of female choose to be home wife to avoid the pressure, and some of them choose to work in art, language education with low physical strength.

Conclusion
According to interest, academic perforce and employment pressure, a lot of women avoid choosing engineering as their majors to choose major with low employment even if some of them get good job in high school. Another part of them choose art or language majors which need low high physical strength and are interest in. So engineering lose a lot of female engineer and lose the thinking way of female, the number male engineer becomes large.

Work Cite
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