About The Group

A US $40 billion corporation, the Aditya Birla Group is in the League of Fortune 500. It is anchored by an extraordinary force of over 136,000 employees, belonging to 42 different nationalities. The Group has been ranked Number 4 in the Global 'Top Companies for Leaders' survey and ranked Number 1 in Asia Pacific for 2011. 'Top Companies For Leaders' is the most comprehensive study of organisational leadership in the world conducted by Aon Hewitt, Fortune Magazine and RBL (a strategic HR and Leadership Advisory firm). Over 53 per cent of its revenues flow from its overseas operations. The Group operates in 36 countries - Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Brazil, Canada, China, Egypt, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Italy, Ivory Coast, Japan, Korea, Laos, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Poland, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA and Vietnam. Globally the Aditya Birla Group is :

A metals powerhouse, among the worlds most cost-efficient aluminium and copper producers. Hindalco-Novelis is the largest aluminium rolling company. It is one of the three biggest producers of primary aluminium in Asia, with the largest single location copper smelter. No.1 in viscose staple fibre No.1 in carbon black The fourth-largest producer of insulators The fifth-largest producer of acrylic fibre Among the top 10 cement producers Among the best energy-efficient fertiliser plants The largest Indian MNC with manufacturing operations in the USA

In India :

A top fashion (branded apparel) and lifestyle player. The second-largest player in viscose filament yarn. The largest producer in the chlor-alkali sector. Among the top three mobile telephony companies. A leading player in life insurance and asset management. Among the top two supermarket chains in the retail business. Among the top 10 BPO companies.

Rock solid in fundamentals, the Aditya Birla Group nurtures a culture where success does not come in the way of the need to keep learning afresh, to keep experimenting. Beyond business :

Works in 3,000 villages. Reaches out to seven million people, annually through the Aditya Birla Centre for Community Initiatives and Rural Development, spearheaded by Mrs. Rajashree Birla. Focuses on healthcare, education, sustainable livelihood, infrastructure and espousing social reform in India, Asia, Egypt, Philippines, Thailand, Laos, Indonesia, Korea and Brazil.

In India:

Our Group runs 42 schools, which provide quality education to 45,000 children. Of these, over 18,000 children receive free education. Its 18 hospitals tend to more than a million villagers. In line with its commitment to sustainable development, has partnered with the Columbia University in establishing the Columbia Global Centres Earth Institute in Mumbai.

To embed CSR as a way of life in organisations, has set up the FICCI Aditya Birla CSR Centre for Excellence, in Delhi.

Transcending the conventional barriers of business because we believe it is our duty to facilitate inclusive growth.

concrete

Overview
Concrete is most vital material in modern construction. It has versatile properties like easy mouldability, high compressive strength and long lasting durability. These properties of concrete have made it most popular construction material for all types of civil engineering works. The latest developments in concrete technology have made it possible to use it in intricate and architecturally complex structures, requiring high degree of performance and aesthetic appearance. In addition to normal concrete, other varieties in use are, high strength and high performance concrete, self compacting, light weight, high density, fibre reinforced, polymer, coloured concrete etc. The ingredients of good and bad concrete are the same. The difference lies in the technology used for production, transportation and placement. The making of concrete is an art as well as a science. Science because all the ingredients are proportioned as per the standard codes of practice to get the targeted strength & durability, and an art because in addition to accurate proportioning, quality of concrete depends on the way it is mixed, placed, compacted, finished, cured and protected. Ready mix Concrete(RMC) technology results in a perfect blend of the Art and Science. In all the developed as well as most of the developing nations, use of RMC for construction has made it possible to achieve speed and quality. The advent of commercial RMC in India is about a decade old, but in recent years it has become the preferred choice of architects, engineers and consumers. UltraTech Concrete is committed to provide customised high quality RMC for ensuring speedy construction.

types
Classification Grade M10 Ordinary M15 M20 M25 M30 M35 M40 Standard M45 M50 M55 High Strength M60 M80 Applications PCC (Plain Cement Concrete) e.g. Levelling course, bedding for footing, concrete roads, etc. PCC e.g. Levelling course, bedding for footing, concrete roads, etc. RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) e.g. Slabs, beams, columns, footings, etc. (for mild exposure) RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) e.g. Slabs, beams, columns, footings, etc. RCC e.g. Slabs, beams, columns, footings, etc. RCC e.g. Slabs, beams, columns, footings, etc. RCC e.g. Pre-stressed concrete, slabs, beams, columns, footings, etc. RCC e.g. Runways,Concrete Roads (PQC), Prestressed Concrete Girders, RCC Columns, Prestressed beams RCC e.g. Runways,Concrete Roads (PQC), Prestressed Concrete Girders, RCC Columns, Prestressed beams RCC e.g..Prestressed Concrete Girders and Piers RCC work Where high compressive strength is required such as high rise buildings, long span bridges, ultra-thin white topping etc and constructions in aggressive environment e.g. Spillways of dams, coastal construction

In addition to producing normal grade concrete ranging from M10 to M80, we produce customized special types of

concrete for different applications.

Types of Special Concrete High Volume Fly Ash Concrete Silica fume concrete Application Mass concrete, raft foundations, roads, pavements etc. All high strength concrete applications in extreme environmental exposure condition like marine structure etc. GGBS, Slag based concrete All underground RCC application requiring high chemical resistance and enhanced durability Ternary blend concrete All RCC application directly in contact with aggressive soil / chemicals in marine environment and in sewage / effluent treatment plants Light weight concrete Repair and rehabilitation work, for thermal insulation, light weight structural fill, and light weight pre - cast panel etc Corrosion resistant concrete All types of RCC applications in high water table area including work near coastal areas, water tanks, etc Polymer concrete Repair and rehabilitation work for floorings and buildings where high early strength is required Self Compacting Concrete Thin sections and elements with congested reinforcements. Recently IS 456 has also included SCC with specifications in its codal provision. Coloured Concrete For architectural and aesthetic use Fibre-reinforced Concrete For concrete with higher ductility and abrasion/erosion resistance Pervious Concrete Concrete for parking areas, pavements, drive-ways to ensure drainage or rain-water harvesting Water-proof Concrete Terraces, basements, water contact structures Temperature Controlled Concrete Mass concrete, hot-weather concrete etc.

Cement

Overview
What is cement?
Cement is a fine powder, which when mixed with water undergoes chemical change and thereafter allowed to set and harden is capable of uniting fragments or masses of solid matter together to produce a mechanically strong material. Cement can be used as binding material with water, for bonding solid particles of different sizes like bricks, stones or aggregate to form a monolith. Cements used in construction of buildings and civil engineering works contain compounds of lime, silica and alumina as their principal constituents and can be called as complex compounds.

Importance of cement in construction

Today, cement is a very important building material used in the construction industry. It was in 1824 that cement, as we know it today was developed. Joseph Aspdin of England first patented the manufacture of a very improvised type of cementitious material for building construction in 1824. The hardened cement paste resembled the natural stone occurring at Portland in England. Hence it was named as Portland cement. Cement has replaced all other binding materials, for example, clay and lime, which ruled high for hundreds of years, in construction from last century. The reason being that, cement is the strongest binding material amongst clay, lime and cement. Cement is now used in many construction trade items like Plain Concrete, Reinforced Concrete, Mortar, Plaster, Grouts, Paints and in Pre-cast Elements. In an ordinary building construction the cement accounts to about 1517% of the cost of construction. In some other major constructions like concrete roads and bridges, it is very much

more.

Some of the reasons for its popularity and universal acceptance are listed below:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Cement can be produced in large volumes in controlled condition, packed and transported Cement is several times stronger binding material than lime and clay It can be mixed and used at will with locally available materials at site When stored properly in ordinary atmosphere does not deteriorate for reasonably longer time When mixed with water, starts setting and acquires sufficient strength in a day or two, where as other binding materials require much longer time When water is added to quick lime, lot of heat is generated, but in case of cement, heat generated is unnoticeable and comparatively much lesser It can withstand compressive stresses well. Where tension and shear stresses occur it gives good bond to steel reinforcement and transfers excess stresses to steel It is produced from the materials like limestone, hematite, bauxite, clay, etc which are abundantly available in the upper crust of the earth

Types of cement
There are many types of cement in the market to suit every need. Some of them which are included in the revised IS : 456-2000 are as follows: Ordinary Portland Portland Cement 33, 43, 53 grade (OPC), 53 -S (Sleeper Cement) Pozzolana Cement (PPC), both Fly Ash and Calcined Clay based Rapid Hardening Portland Cement Portland Slag Cement (PSC) Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement (SRC) Low Heat Portland Cement Hydrophobic Cement

Even though only Ordinary Portland Cement is graded according to strength, the other cements too have to gain a particular strength. 33, 43 and 53 grade in OPC indicates the compressive strength of cement after 28 days when tested as per IS: 4031-1988, eg, 33 Grade means that 28 days of compressive strength is not less than 33 N/mm2 (MPa) . Similarly for 43 grade and 53 grade the 28 days compressive strength should not be less than 43 and 53 MPa respectively. 43 and 53 grade are also being introduced in PPC and PSC shortly by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)

Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC)

PPC is manufactured by inter grinding OPC clinker with 15-35% of pozzolanic material. Pozzolanas are essentially siliceous or aluminous material, which in itself possesses no cementitious properties, which will be in finely divided form and in the presence of moisture react with calcium hydroxide, liberated in the hydration process, at ordinary temperature, to form compounds possessing cementitious properties. The pozzolanic materials generally used are fly ash or calcined clay. PPC produces less heat of hydration and offers greater resistance to attack of aggressive environment, gives long-term strength and enhances the durability of structures.

Portland Slag Cement (PSC)

PSC is obtained by mixing blast furnace slag, cement clinker and gypsum and grinding them together to get intimately mixed cement. The quantity of slag varies from 30-70%. The gain of strength of PSC is somewhat slower than OPC. Both PPC and PSC will give more strength than that of OPC at the end of 12 months. PPC and PSC can be used in all situations where OPC is used, but are preferred in mass construction where lower heat of hydration is advantageous or in marine situations and structures near seacoast or in general for any structure where extra durability is desired. The other types of cement listed above are for special purpose and their nomenclature indicates the purpose for which they are preferred. The following table gives the codal requirements at a glance.

Some important requirements to be met by various types of cement

S no Type of cement IS Code Fineness m2/kg (min) Setting Time in minutes Initial Final (min.) (max.) 30 30 30 30 600 600 600 600 Soundness Le Chatelier (mm) 10 10 10 10 Auto Clave (%) 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 Compressive Strength in MPa 3 days 7 days 28 days

1 2 3 4

OPC 33 OPC 43 OPC 53 PPC (flyash based) PSC (slag) SRC White Cement RHC (Rapid Hardening Cement)

5 6 7 8

269 : 1989 8112 : 1989 12269 : 1987 1489 : 1991 (Part 1) 455 : 2002 12330 : 1988 8042 : 1989 8041 : 1990

225 225 225 300

16 23 27 16

22 33 37 22

33 43 53 33

225 225 225 325

30 30 30 30

600 600 600 600

10 10 10 10

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

16 10

22 16 19.8

33 33 29.7 16 @ 1 day

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