Renewable Energy Roadmaps for Islands

Dolf Gielen
Director, IRENA Innovation and Technology Centre, Bonn, Germany GREIN Power Grid Interest Cluster, Auckland, New Zealand, 24 March 2013

IRENA Engagement on Renewable Energy Roadmaps

Global level REMAP 2030 - Roadmap for global doubling of the RE share National level

Proper pathways at a national level are critical in the regional/technological contexts

Regional and technical frameworks for the Pacific roadmaps Outer islands study, OWC marine technology assessment, roadmap review Tonga roadmap

Nauru roadmap
From scratch together with GIZ, SPC - Energy efficiency and renewables

Sector level RE for manufacturing industry

RE for cities
Grids & storage enabling technologies Plans for 2013 German Voluntary Contribution Three island roadmaps blueprints
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New staff being hired

Some islands RE roadmaps

Existing and planned RE roadmaps

Pacific region: Cook Islands, FSM, Nauru, Samoa, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu
Caribbean region: Antilles, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, US Virgin islands, C- SERMS (regional roadmap) AIMS (Africa, Indian Ocean, Mediterranean and South China Sea) region: Cape Verde, Maledives, Mauritius Any others? Pathways, roadmaps, energy plans, charts which lay out implementation plans

and strategies are critical to achieve the transition to RE in islands.

Some Islands in Transition

Iceland Due to favorable geology and geography abundant hydropower and geothermal resources, power generation and residential heating are now completely based on renewable resources.

El Hierro, Canary Islands, Spain Tokelau

Graciosa, Azores, Portugal

Combining wind energy and pumped hydro which targets to cover 75% of the island's electricity demand and the remaining 30% to be achieved by direct wind penetration into the grid. Achieving the goal of 100% electricity, largely through solar PV with lead-acid batteries.
To achieve a transition to 100% renewable energy island, the power system will be converted to 10 MW wind, 1 MW PV, 3 MW NaS batteries.

More Islands in Transition

Reunion island, France A goal of meeting 50% of the islands electricity needs with renewable energy by 2020, and a further goal of 100% of all energy use by 2030. Projects include ocean thermal and wave power to solar PV and small-tomedium scale hydro. Strong focus on electric vehicles, throughout the island. Technically 100% renewable energy island where the all the electricity on island is generated by on shore and off shore wind turbines grid connection to mainland. Establishment of a sustainable energy supply system through the integration of renewables including solar, wind and geothermal using ICT infrastructure for the power system management.

Samsoe, Denmark Jeju island, Korea

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What is the right power technology? A roadmap question

Hydro, geothermal, tidal current where possible should be a priority Low cost solutions high civil engineering content (local activity) Onshore wind where resource is adequate and land use issues can be resolved Biomass potential is generally limited Coconut oil better used for transportation sector Bagasse and other residues offers some potential PV is the most expensive but widely available solution Vanuatu Cost coming down rapidly, economic for daytime use Electricity storage batteries for all-day use can double cost Tokelau, Fafa etc. Other marine technologies still in at experimental stage Wave, offshore and floating wind etc
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Palau

What is needed for a successful roadmapping process ?

Best practice includes: A clear understanding of the current state Objective setting and pathway development An enabling political, and institutional framework for implementation Stakeholders engagement

Resource mobilization
Plan Do Check Act cycle

IRENA 201

Pacific leaders summit, 12 Jan 2012, Abu Dhabi

Roadmap development and application for islands

Develop a clear understanding of the current state (baseline) Reliable energy use statistics Renewable Readiness Assessment / Resource Assessment Regional/technological context assessments incl. evaluation Grid Stability Study Objective setting and pathway development Energy planning starting from todays situation with a 10-20 year time horizon Policy objectives and policy framework should be credible and stable A pathway with concrete actions and milestones to get from todays situation to end point An enabling political and institutional framework for implementation Leadership at a high level (eg a ministerial/CEO level steering committee) An institutional framework that can carry a transition Public and private sector on board

Roadmap development and application for islands (contd.)

Stakeholders engagement Local communities, NGOs, other interests Resource mobilization Identify a sustainable strategy to maintain or obtain necessary expertise Bankable project proposal development, financing, sustainable business models etc Plan Do Check Act cycle Compare eg ISO 50 000 energy management standard Monitor and report progress against roadmap Adjust roadmap regularly if necessary

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Development Methodology for Renewable Energy Roadmaps IRENA approach

Renewable Readiness Assessment: Assessing the current situation Scenarios and Strategies: Identifying Potential Futures Grid Stability Planning Studies Roadmaps: Prioritising Action Items

Share of renewable energy

2010

2030
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Roadmap Step 1: Renewable Readiness Assessment

RRA: Assessing the current situation - Create a country taskforce - Country profile - Regional context - Identify key stakeholders and legal structure - Energy policy and regulatory framework - Financing and investments - Human capacity

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Roadmap Steps 2 and 3

Scenarios and strategies: identifying potential futures - Consider technical potential - Explore drivers - Analyse energy system design and integration - Determine economic, environmental and social impacts

Grid stability studies - Explore design constraints for RE power expansion - Propose solutions for reliable grid operation
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Roadmap Step 4: Agreeing on Priority Actions for the Island

Roadmaps: Prioritising action items - Identify champions - Determine a vision - List technology options and associated opportunities/barriers - Organise stakeholder workshops to rank technology options and prioritise action items - Establish implementation mechanisms - Develop indicators to monitor progress
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THANK YOU !