Hubbell Lighting Inc

Hubbell Lighting Buyers Guide\ 9 Technical

HID Ballast and Lamp Data - Page 7

HID Ballast and Lamp Data

Magnetic HID Ballasts
High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps require some form of control gear (ballasts) to: (1) Provide enough voltage to strike the arc in the lamp. This function may be done with the ballast itself or with a separate electronic ignitor circuit. (2) To control the arc wattage during warm-up and normal operation. In addition ballasts may: (1) Provide a line voltage matching (transformer) function. (2) Provide enhanced lamp wattage control (regulation) with respect to changes in line voltage and/or lamp voltage. (3) Provide dimming or other control interface functions.

Two Coil Reactor

q q q q

Constant Wattage Auto-transformer (CWA) Peaked Lead Auto-transformer (PLA) Auto-Lag (AL) Constant Wattage Isolated (CWI)

Three Coil Reactor

q q

Magnetic Regulator (MR) Electro-Reg (ER)

Magnetic Ballasts Can Be Grouped Into Three Basic Categories:

1. Linear, non-regulating circuits including reactors and Auto-Lag ballasts that provide for basic lamp operation. With the exception of the self-ballasted lamp, the linear reactor is the most basic form of ballast. Power factor will be in the 40-50% range. A capacitor can be added to get the circuit high power factor (90% or above.) Power factor remains relatively constant throughout the life of the lamp. The linear ballast provides virtually no line voltage regulation, and outages due to the line dips and brown-outs are typical. Ballast losses for reactor ballasts are lowest of magnetic ballast types. The Auto-Lag Ballast is a reactor ballast combined with a step-up or step-down auto-transformer which allows for input voltage.

The Auto-Lag ballast is a single magnetic frame two coil device. (The use of a separate voltagetransformer and a reactor provides the same operational circuit.) 2. The Constant Wattage Auto-transformer (CWA) bal last represents a step up from the Auto-Lag. It is a ballast circuit which uses magnetic saturation to maintain better lamp wattage regulation and improved dip tolerance. A variation of the CWA, called the Peaked Lead Auto Regulator (PLA) is used for metal halide. Another variation, the Constant Wattage Isolated (CWI) is an isolated winding version of the PLA. 3. Three coil circuits that provide superior electrical and lamp performance. The Mag-Reg (MR) and Electro-Reg (ER) ballasts are three coil, isolated winding, high performance ballasts. The input and lamp windings are separated by a third winding which offsets drastic changes in the demands of the lamp on the supply system and maintains lamp stability during supply system variations. This circuit provides the highest degree of lamp operating stability, waveform control, lowest harmonics, and performance consis-tency thru the life of the lamp. Electro-Reg is an isolated winding ballast system for Metal Halide. It provides a significant increase in lamp life and color consistency/stability thru lamp life.

HID Ballast Characteristics

Line Current - On some ballast types, the line current as the lamp starts is less than steady state operating current, so that fuses and circuit breaker ratings can be based strictly on the operating current values. For other ballasts, the line starting current may be considerably higher than the steady state operating value, so fuses, circuit breakers, and photoelectric control switches must be sized to accommodate the higher starting current. Power Factor - To be classes as "high power factor" a ballast must have a power factor of at least 90%. Anything less is considered "Normal Power Factor" or "Low Power Factor." A low power factor ballast makes less efficient use of the distribution system. This requires larger wire sizes, larger switches, circuit breakers, and distribution transformers for the equivalent connected load. Occasionally, as lamps age, lamp operating parameters may change and cause power factor of some high power factor ballasts to fall below 90%. It is important to note that a NPF ballast is no less efficient than an equivalent HPF ballast. Line Voltage Regulation - This is the change in lamp watts due to line voltage variation. Consideration should be given to the variation in line voltage and feeder voltage drop to be expected on a particular system where HID lamps will be applied to ensure that the regulating capacity of the ballast is matched to the regulation of the power system. A majority of modern power distribution systems are required to operate between 5% of nominal line voltage, although systems are occasionally encountered which may vary as much as 10% or more from nominal. Power shortages may result in "brown-outs" in some areas, which can create lamp starting problems especially with those ballasts designed for 5% operation. In any case, the expected fluctuation in the power system voltage is an important consideration in ballast selection especially where long wiring runs are involved.

Extinction Voltage (Dip Tolerance) - All power systems are subject to dips in the line voltage as loads are switched in and out, or as other transient conditions occur. A good, stiff, well-regulated distribution circuit will seldom see voltage dips of more than 10%, but on some circuits; dips of 20% or more may occur. If the ballast is not capable of "riding through" the voltage dip and sustaining the lamp, the lamp will extinguish and have to cool down before re-ignition. Lamp drop out due to line voltage dips generally increase as lamps age. Ballasts with improved dip tolerance may delay the onset of lamp drop out problems. Fusing - Most luminaires are offered with a fusing option. In the case of HID lighting, fusing is primarily used to isolate the individual fixture. For example, if an industrial luminaire ballast shorts (draws very high line current) then in all probability the breaker for the entire circuit will trip which will turn off every luminaire on that circuit. If the luminaire is properly fused however, the fuse would clear (open) prior to the tripping of the breaker and the circuit would still be active. This is important where loss of all lighting on a particular circuit is a major problem. The isolation fusing provided may also help in trouble shooting problems on the circuit.

HID Ballast Circuits

Lamp Type Circuit Diagram Line Input Lamp Power Starting Input Ballast Crest Volts Volt Wattage Factor Current Voltage Losses Factor Available Range Spread (Variation Dip of from Tolerance Lamp Operating Current Current) Circuit Diagram All Volt. 10% 8% HPF 90% Plus *HPF 9465% Plus NPF 4550% *HPF 90% Plus Lower 50-60% High or Med 1.6-1.7

HPS

All Volt.

10%

10%

Lower

15-35%

Med

1.7-1.8

120 Volt for 35-150 watt 208 & 240 Volt for 200-400 watt 480 Volt for 1000 watt

5%

25%

Higher

15-20%

Low

1.5-1.6

HID Ballast Circuits (continued)

Lamp Type Circuit Diagram Line Input Lamp Power Starting Input Ballast Crest Volts Volt Wattage Factor Current Voltage Losses Factor Available Range Spread (Variation Dip of from Tolerance Lamp Operating Current Current) Circuit Diagram All Volt. 50-150 watt 120 Volt 200400watt Mercury All Volt. 10% 5% 5% 25% NPF 4050% HPF 90% Plus HPF 92% Plus HPF 90% Plus Lower 40-50% High 1.8-2.0 Higher 15-20% Med 1.5-1.6

HPS

All Volt.

10%

10%

Lower

30-40%

Med

1.8-2.0

HID Ballast Circuits (continued)

Lamp Type Circuit Diagram Line Input Lamp Power Starting Input Ballast Crest Volts Volt Wattage Factor Current Voltage Losses Factor Available Range Spread (Variation Dip of from Tolerance Lamp Operating Current Current) Circuit Diagram 240 & 277 Volt for 400 1000 watt 480 volt for 700 & 1000 watt 120 Volt for 100400 watt 5% 20% 5% 20% NPF 4050% HPF 90% Plus NPF 4050% HPF 90% Plus Higher 15-20% Med 1.5-1.6 Higher 15-20% Low 1.5-1.6

Mercury

HID Ballast Circuits (continued)

Lamp Type Circuit Diagram Line Input Lamp Power Starting Input Ballast Crest Volts Volt Wattage Factor Current Voltage Losses Factor Available Range Spread (Variation Dip of from Tolerance Lamp Operating Current Current) Circuit Diagram All Volt. 10% 5% HPF 90% Plus HPF 90% Plus Lower 50-60% Medium 1.5 -1.65

Metal Halide

All Volt.

10%

10%

Lower

30-40%

Medium

1.7-1.8

HID Ballast Data High Pressure Sodium

High-Pressure Sodium 3, 4
Line Volts Circuit Type 35 WATT 120 120 RX RX 50 WATT 120 120 120 277 RX RX AL 70 WATT 120 120 120 208 240 277 480 RX RX AL NPF HPF HPF 81 81 94 94 94 94 94 2.1 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 NPF HPF HPF 60 60 66 66 1.5 0.7 0.6 0.2 NPF HPF 43 43 1.2 0.4 Power Factor Input Watts Starting Operating Amps Amps S76 LAMP 0.9 0.4 S68 LAMP 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.3 S62 LAMP 1.6 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2
-

Open Circuit Amps1

Frequency (Hz)

Fuse Amps2

60 60

3 2

0.7

60 60 60

5 3 3 2

0.9 1.2 0.4

60 60 60

10 5 5 3 3 2 2

1.3 1.4 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.3

HID Ballast Data High Pressure Sodium

High-Pressure Sodium (continued) 3, 4

Line Volts 120 277 120 208 240 277

Circuit Type CWA

Power Factor HPF

Input Watts 95 95

Starting Operating Amps Amps 0.85 0.36 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.85 0.36 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.4 S54 LAMP

Open Circuit Amps1 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3

Frequency (Hz) 60

Fuse Amps2 3 2 3 2 2 2

MR

HPF

103 103 103 103

60

100 WATT 120 120 120 208 240 277 480 RX RX AL NPF HPF HPF 115 115 130 130 130 130 130 2.9 1.2 1.3 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.3

2.1 1.0 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3

60 60 60

10 10 10 5 5 3 2

1.8 2.2 1.3 1.1 0.9 0.6

HID Ballast Data High Pressure Sodium

High-Pressure Sodium (continued) 3, 4
Line Volts 120 277 120 208 240 277 480 MR HPF Circuit Type CWA Power Factor HPF Input Watts 138 138 138 138 138 138 138 Starting Operating Amps Amps 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 1.15 0.5 1.2 07 0.6 0.5 0.3 Open Circuit Amps1 0.7 .03 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.3 Frequency (Hz) 60 Fuse Amps2 5 2 5 3 3 3 2

60

HID Ballast Data High Pressure Sodium

High-Pressure Sodium (continued) 3, 4
Line Volts Circuit Type 150 WATT 120 120 120 RX RX AL NPF HPF HPF 170 170 188 4.4 1.7 2.0 Power Factor Input Watts Starting Operating Amps Amps S55 LAMP 3.2 1.5 1.7
-

Open Circuit Amps1

Frequency (Hz)

Fuse Amps2

60 60 60

15 10 10

2.4 3.0

208 240 277 480 120 277 480 120 240 277 480 CWA HPF

188 188 188 188 190 190 190 196 196 196 196

1.1 1.0 0.9 0.4 0.96 0.42 0.24 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.2

1.0 0.8 0.7 0.4 1.65 0.72 0.42 1.7 0.9 0.8 0.4

1.7 1.5 1.3 0.7 0.96 0.42 0.24 1.5 0.8 0.7 0.4 60

5 5 5 3 5 3 2 5 3 3 2

MR

HPF

60

HID Ballast Data High Pressure Sodium

High-Pressure Sodium (continued) 3, 4
Line Volts Circuit Type 200 WATT 120 208 240 277 480 MR HPF 255 255 255 255 255 0.80 0.46 0.40 0.35 0.20 Power Factor Input Watts Starting Operating Amps Amps S66 LAMP 2.20 1.27 1.10 0.96 0.55 S50 LAMP HPF 300 300 300 300 300 310 310 310 310 310 1.8 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 2.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 0.7 2.7 1.6 1.4 1.2 0.7 1.5 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.4 1.4 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.4 60 15 10 10 10 5 10 5 5 5 3 1.50 0.87 0.75 0.65 0.38 60 10 5 5 3 3 Open Circuit Amps1 Frequency (Hz) Fuse Amps2

250 WATT 120 208 240 277 480 120 208 240 277 480 CWA

MR

HPF

60

HID Ballast Data High Pressure Sodium

High-Pressure Sodium (continued) 3, 4
Line Volts Circuit Type 310 WATT 120 240 480 MR HPF 380 380 380 1.20 0.60 0.30 Power Factor Input Watts Starting Operating Amps Amps S67 LAMP 3.30 1.65 0.85 1.84 0.92 0.46 60 10 5 3 Open Circuit Amps1 Frequency (Hz) Fuse Amps2

400 WATT 120 208 240 277 480 120 208 240 277 480 CWA HPF 465 465 465 465 465 483 483 483 483 483 2.8 1.7 1.5 1.3 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3

S51 LAMP 3.9 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.0 4.2 2.4 2.1 1.8 1.1 2.3 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.6 1.6 0.9 0.8 07 0.4 60 20 15 10 10 5 15 10 10 5 5

MR

HPF

60

HID Ballast Data High Pressure Sodium

High-Pressure Sodium (continued) 3, 4
Line Volts Circuit Type 600 WATT 240 240 120 208 240 277 480 RX RX AL HPF NPF HPF 642 642 675 675 675 675 680 3.3 3.3 12.0 6.9 6.0 5.2 2.6 Power Factor Input Watts Starting Operating Amps Amps S106 600 LAMP 2.8 2.8 6.25 3.6 3.12 2.7 1.6 S52 LAMP HPF 1100 1100 1100 1100 1100 6.4 3.8 3.2 2.8 2.2 9.4 5.4 4.7 4.0 2.4 4.8 2.7 2.4 2.2 1.2 60 20 15 15 15 10 4.7 12.5 7.2 6.25 5.4 3.0 60 60 60 10 15 25 20 15 15 10 Open Circuit Amps1 Frequency (Hz) Fuse Amps2

1000 WATT 120 208 240 277 480 CWA

Metal Halide
HID Ballast Electrical Data
Line Volts Circuit Type 70 WATT 240 120 208 240 RX AL NPF HPF 86 95 95 95 1.2 0.8 0.5 0.4 Power Factor Input Watts Starting Operating Amps Amps M85 LAMP 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.4 1.9 1.0 0.9 60 60 5 5 3 3 Open Circuit Amps1 Frequency (Hz) Fuse Amps2

277 120 277 AL 100 WATT 240 120 208 240 277 RX AL HPF HPF HPF

95 95 95

0.4 0.8 0.4

0.4 0.9 0.4 M90 LAMP

0.8 1.9 0.8 60

3 5 3

118 129 129 129 129

0.5 1.15 0.66 0.58 0.56

0.5 1.15 0.66 0.58 0.58

1.1 2.60 1.50 1.30 1.15

60 60

5 10 5 5 5

Metal Halide
HID Ballast Electrical Data (continued)
Line Volts Circuit Type 150 WATT 240 120 277 120 277 480 RX AL ER HPF HPF HPF 176 185 185 193 193 193 1.3 0.95 0.42 0.4 0.2 0.1 Power Factor Input Watts Starting Operating Amps Amps M81 LAMP 0.8 1.60 0.70 1.6 0.7 0.4 M57 LAMP HPF 210 210 210 210 210 218 218 218 1.30 0.75 0.65 0.55 0.35 0.5 0.3 0.1 1.80 1.10 0.90 0.80 0.45 1.9 0.8 0.4 1.80 1.05 0.90 0.80 0.45 1.3 0.6 0.3 60 5 5 3 5 2 5 5 3 1.9 3.65 1.58 1.2 0.5 0.3 60 60 60 5 10 5 5 5 3 Open Circuit Amps1 Frequency (Hz) Fuse Amps2

175 WATT 120 208 240 277 480 120 277 480 PLA

ER

HPF

60

Metal Halide
HID Ballast Electrical Data (continued)
Line Volts Circuit Type 250 WATT 120 208 240 PLA HPF 285 285 285 2.10 1.40 1.10 Power Factor Input Watts Starting Operating Amps Amps M58 LAMP 2.50 1.50 1.30 1.6 0.9 0.8 60 10 5 3 Open Circuit Amps1 Frequency (Hz) Fuse Amps2

277 480 120 208 480 ER HPF

285 285 298 298 298

1.00 0.60 0.6 0.3 0.2

1.10 0.65 2.6 1.1 0.6 M59 LAMP

0.7 0.5 2.2 0.9 0.5 60

5 2 10 5 3

400 WATT 120 208 240 277 480 120 277 480 PLA HPF 460 460 460 460 460 465 465 465 3.25 1.90 1.65 1.40 0.85 0.6 0.3 0.2

4.0 2.30 2.00 1.75 1.00 3.9 1.7 1.0

3.40 2.00 1.70 1.50 0.95 2.5 1.2 0.7

60

15 10 10 5 3 15 10 3

ER

HPF

60

Metal Halide
HID Ballast Electrical Data (continued)
Line Volts Circuit Type 1000 WATT 120 208 240 277 480 PLA HPF 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 8.0 4.6 4.0 3.5 2.0 Power Factor Input Watts Starting Operating Amps Amps M47 LAMP 9.2 5.3 4.6 4.0 2.3 M48 LAMP HPF 1610 1610 1610 1610 1610 13.4 7.7 6.7 5.8 3.3 13.5 8.0 7.0 6.0 3.4 4.8 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.1 60 30 25 20 20 10 6.1 4.9 3.1 3.0 0.9 60 25 15 15 15 10 Open Circuit Amps1 Frequency (Hz) Fuse Amps2

1500 WATT 120 208 240 277 480 PLA

1650 WATT 120 208 240 277 CWA HPF 1765 1765 1765 1765 13.0 7.5 6.5 5.5 16.0 9.3 8.0 7.0 6.5 3.75 3.3 3.4 60 40 25 20 20

Metal Halide
HID Ballast Electrical Data (continued)
Line Volts Circuit Type Power Factor Input Watts Starting Operating Amps Amps Open Circuit Amps1 Frequency (Hz) Fuse Amps2

MERCURY 50 WATT 120 120 208 240 277 480 AL CWA NPF HPF 74 74 74 74 74 74 2.1 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 H45 LAMP 16.0 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 H43 LAMP NPF HPF 94 93 93 93 93 93 2.9 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 1.6 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 60 60 10 3 2 2 2 2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 60 60 10 3 2 2 2 2

75 WATT 120 120 208 240 277 480 AL CWA

Metal Halide
HID Ballast Electrical Data (continued)
Line Volts Circuit Type Power Factor Input Watts Starting Operating Amps Amps MERCURY 100 WATT 120 120 208 240 277 480 AL CWA NPF HPF 125 125 125 125 125 125 3.6 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 H38 LAMP 2.1 1.1 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 H43 LAMP NPF HPF 200 205 205 205 205 205 5.1 1.7 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.4 3.3 1.8 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 60 60 15 5 3 3 3 2 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 60 60 10 5 2 2 2 2 Open Circuit Amps1 Frequency (Hz) Fuse Amps2

175 WATT 120 120 208 240 277 480 AL CWA

Metal Halide
HID Ballast Electrical Data (continued)
Line Volts Circuit Type Power Factor Input Watts Starting Operating Amps Amps Open Circuit Frequency (Hz) Fuse Amps2

Amps1 MERCURY 250 WATT 120 120 208 240 277 480 AL CWA NPF HPF 285 285 285 285 285 285 8.3 2.4 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.6 H37 LAMP 5.4 2.5 1.5 1.3 1.1 0.6 H33 LAMP HPF 455 455 455 455 455 3.2 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.0 3.9 2.2 2.0 1.7 1.0 1.3 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.2 60 15 10 10 5 3 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 60 60 20 10 5 5 5 2

400 WATT 120 208 240 277 480 CWA

Metal Halide
HID Ballast Electrical Data (continued)
Line Volts Circuit Type Power Factor Input Watts Starting Operating Amps Amps MERCURY 1000 WATT 120 208 240 277 480 CWA HPF 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 7.5 4.3 3.8 3.3 1.9 H36 LAMP 9.2 5.3 4.6 4.0 2.3 1.7 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.4 60 25 15 15 15 10 Open Circuit Amps1 Frequency (Hz) Fuse Amps2

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