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is that the conclusions reflect the tone of the whole book: a minister appealing in his sermon t o men of good will who are assumed t o be everywhere and would succeed with just the correct push here and the proper pull there. The principal difference is that the minister requires only one hour o f ones time to prove his impracticality while Mr. Bramelds book requires hour after hour of grinding boredom. I would prefer to tithe than to undergo the latter discipline again.

From Child to Adult: Studies in the Anthrop o l o g y of Education. JOHN MIDDLETON, ed. American Museum Sourcebooks in Anthropology. Garden City, NY: Natural History Press, 1970. xx + 355 pp., bibliography, index. $3.95 (paper), $8.95 (cloth). Reviewed b y JOHN SINGLETON University of Pittsburgh
Fifteen ethnographic fragments concerned with education in the cultural context of those societies traditionally attractive to anthropologists are brought together in this reader. The common focus is a view of education as a topic of theoretical interest to anthropology-from the generational transmission of culture t o t h e social functions of schooling in a modernizing peasant-based nation. The brief preface by the editor states a primary intention t o provide a comparative perspective for the understanding of our educational system. He leaves to Margaret Meads oft-reprinted article o n our educational emphases in primitive perspective the task of suggesting this relevance in studies of preliterate societies. The concluding article by Robert and Eva Hunt also suggests this relevance in the analysis of schools as interface institutions maintaining the segregation of dominant and subordinate cultural groups in both Mexican Indian and U.S. urban settings. In between, papers by thirteen anthropologists published over the last thirty-five years look at the processes of cultural transmission inducting the younger generation into a continuing cultural system (Fortes, Rankin, Eggan, Hogbin, Williams, Nadel, Little, Ammar, and Herskovits) o r at the strains created by

national school systems with avowed intentions of national development and cultural change (Read, Redfield, Nash, and the Hunts). The greatest appeal of this reader would be for students already convinced of the relevance of the study of primitive societies, who are now exploring an anthropology of education. It is the only reader in education and anthropology with an exclusively primitive-peasant focus and t h e only one reproducing its articles in their original f o r m a t with footnotes and diverse theoretical justifications intact. It is not, however, a sufficient inlroduction t o an anthropology of education because it omits any suggestion that an anthropological study of education might not necessarily take place in an esoteric primitive o r peasant society. The most exciting fields of research today contributing t o the development of anthropological theories of education, cultural continuity, and cultural change are in modern complex societies.

The Culture of Childhood: Childs-Eye Views of Society and Culture. MARY ELLEN GOODMAN. Foreword by Otto Klineberg. Postscript by Solon T. Kimball. Anthropology and Education. New York: Teachers College Press, 1970. xiii + 167 pp., tables, chapter notes, index. $6.25 (cloth), $3.25 (paper). Reviewed b y MARGARET MEAD American Museum of Natural History A reviewer of Mary Ellen Goodmans last book, completed just before her premature death in 1969, is inevitably saddened, regretful that her planned cross-cultural studies of Asian childhood, like many of her other activities, was cut short. This book presents selections from her long series on childrens views and attitudes, which were begun in her studies of the racial perceptions of small children in the mid 1940s. The subtitle of her book would perhaps have been better; the main title is definitely misleading-the book deals with t h e views and attitudes of children within particular cultures. The most important contributions in the book, which is published as part of the Anthropology and Education series of which