Mann Whitney Test

Mann-Whitney Test
For na=317; nb=309.
The logic and computational details of the Mann-Whitney test

are described in Subchapter 11a of Concepts and Applications.
In order to apply the Mann-Whitney test, the raw data from samples A and B must first be
combined into a set of N=na+nb elements, which are then ranked from lowest to highest,
including tied rank values where appropriate. These rankings are then re-sorted into the
two separate samples.
If your data have already been ranked, these ranks can be entered directly into the cells
headed by the label Ranks. In this case, please note that the sum of all ranks for
samples A and B combined must be equal to [N(N+1)]/2. If this equality is not satisfied,
you will receive a message asking you to examine your data entry for errors.
If your data have not yet been rank-ordered in this fashion, they can be entered into the
cells labeled Raw Data and the ranking will be performed automatically. There is also an
option, below, for importing raw data from a spreadsheet.
After data have been entered, click one or the other of the Calculate buttons according to
whether you are starting out with ranks or raw data.
The value of U reported in this analysis is the one based on sample A, calculated as
UA = nanb +
na(na+1)
TA
2
where TA = the observed sum of ranks for sample A, and
nanb +
na(na+1)
= the maximum possible value of TA
2
With relatively small samples, the calculated value of UA can be referred directly to the
sampling distribution of UA. For cases where na and nb both fall between 5 and 21,
inclusive, the lower and upper limits of the critical intervals of UA are calculated by this
page and placed in the designated table below. If either of the samples is of a size
smaller than 5, additional instructions will be given below.
As na and nb increase, the sampling distribution of TA becomes a reasonably close
approximation of the unit normal distribution. If na and nb are both equal to or greater
than 5, this page will also calculate the value of z, along with the corresponding onetailed and two-tailed probabilities. Note, however, that the approximation to the
normal distribution is best when na and nb are both equal to or greater than 10.
Option for Importing Raw Data via Copy & Paste:T
Within the spreadsheet application or other source of your data, select and copy the column
10
11
of data 9for sample A. Then

return to your web browser, click the cursor into the text area
10
2
3
for sample A and perform the 'Paste' operation from the 'Edit' menu. Perform the same
19 for sample B.
20In importing raw data into the Mann-Whitney test, it is absolutely
procedure
0
0 of data items for samples A and B are precisely the same as the
essential that the numbers
180
182
values of na and nb that you have specified in setting up this page. For each sample, make
7
8
sure that
6 the final entry
5 in the list is not followed by a carriage return. To perform this
check, click
the cursor immediately
to the right of the final entry in the list, then press the
1
1
1
0
down-arrow key. If an extra line is present, the cursor will move downward. Extra lines can
0
be removed
by pressing0 the down-arrow key until the cursor no longer moves, and then
4
4
pressing the 'Backspace'
key (on a Mac platform, 'delete') until the cursor stands
0
immediately to the right0of the final entry.T
0
4
Import Raw
DataT
2
1
Sample
A
2
1
3
18
3
2
7
3
3
0
134
3
2
15
0
5
2
1
Sample
B
3
1
3
21
4
4
7
3
3
0
143
2
2
15
Import data
to data cells
Clear A
Clear B
Data Entry:T
Ranks for
Raw Data for
count
Sample A
Sample B
Sample A
Sample B
609
307.5
214
188.5
188.5
78.5
188.5
446
421
13
11
552.5
566
43
53
78.5
78.5
451.5
446
14
13
525.5
527.5
31
32
508
530
24
33
10
188.5
244
11
244
244
12
381
330
13
518.5
523
29
30
14
244
188.5
15
307.5
188.5
16
362
346
17
362
381
18
244
244
19
78.5
78.5
20
396
421
11
21
188.5
78.5
22
281
281
23
188.5
188.5
24
381
346
25
396
436.5
12
26
512
512
25
25
27
346
346
28
407
421
10
11
29
188.5
188.5
30
244
244
31
78.5
78.5
32
568
563.5
54
51
33
78.5
78.5
34
307.5
281
35
458.5
421
15
11
36
381
381
37
188.5
188.5
38
436.5
446
12
13
39
458.5
488
15
19
40
78.5
78.5
41
78.5
78.5
42
244
244
43
188.5
188.5
44
78.5
78.5
45
78.5
78.5
46
593
595
84
94
47
330
407
10
48
244
244
49
515
501
27
22
50
578
575.5
61
60
51
541
556
39
46
52
611
612
234
236
53
78.5
78.5
54
451.5
466.5
14
16
55
244
188.5
56
362
381
57
78.5
78.5
58
188.5
330
59
188.5
188.5
60
188.5
78.5
61
78.5
78.5
62
78.5
78.5
63
78.5
78.5
64
362
346
65
244
188.5
66
188.5
78.5
67
533.5
530
35
33
68
78.5
188.5
69
281
281
70
78.5
78.5
71
78.5
78.5
72
78.5
78.5
73
597
596
107
99
74
188.5
78.5
75
78.5
78.5
76
539
536.5
38
37
77
188.5
188.5
78
307.5
307.5
79
544.5
541
40
39
80
330
330
81
78.5
78.5
82
330
307.5
83
501
496.5
22
21
84
550
552.5
42
43
85
504.5
512
23
25
86
466.5
458.5
16
15
87
475
475
17
17
88
466.5
466.5
16
16
89
451.5
421
14
11
90
78.5
78.5
91
244
244
92
475
475
17
17
93
421
436.5
11
12
94
561
558.5
50
49
95
501
488
22
19
96
608
610
213
218
97
78.5
78.5
98
78.5
78.5
99
78.5
78.5
100
244
244
101
619
620
483
497
102
244
281
103
78.5
78.5
104
362
381
105
561
563.5
50
51
106
626
625
725
719
107
544.5
536.5
40
37
108
78.5
78.5
109
188.5
188.5
110
78.5
78.5
111
78.5
78.5
112
396
362
113
381
458.5
15
114
78.5
78.5
115
493.5
508
20
24
116
600.5
602
157
160
117
582
584.5
63
64
118
78.5
78.5
119
496.5
501
21
22
120
244
244
121
536.5
523
37
30
122
475
508
17
24
123
561
565
50
52
124
78.5
78.5
125
188.5
281
126
78.5
78.5
127
421
421
11
11
128
78.5
78.5
129
570
594
55
85
130
78.5
78.5
131
533.5
571
35
56
132
78.5
78.5
133
381
421
11
134
330
362
135
78.5
78.5
136
436.5
481.5
12
18
137
362
381
138
436.5
458.5
12
15
139
475
488
17
19
140
381
407
10
141
78.5
78.5
142
475
488
17
19
143
346
362
144
78.5
78.5
145
281
281
146
281
188.5
147
244
281
148
307.5
307.5
149
78.5
78.5
150
362
421
11
151
481.5
496.5
18
21
152
362
381
153
78.5
78.5
154
78.5
78.5
155
188.5
188.5
156
188.5
188.5
157
281
281
158
421
381
11
159
78.5
78.5
160
244
281
161
451.5
436.5
14
12
162
600.5
603
157
171
163
78.5
188.5
164
188.5
188.5
165
362
362
166
244
281
167
307.5
78.5
168
396
362
169
330
346
170
330
346
171
407
407
10
10
172
78.5
78.5
173
78.5
78.5
174
362
381
175
188.5
188.5
176
78.5
78.5
177
550
554
42
44
178
281
281
179
307.5
346
180
307.5
330
181
330
330
182
244
78.5
183
244
188.5
184
188.5
78.5
185
78.5
78.5
186
518.5
523
29
30
187
244
244
188
466.5
481.5
16
18
189
584.5
588
64
74
190
396
421
11
191
518.5
527.5
29
32
192
488
488
19
19
193
466.5
421
16
11
194
557
573.5
47
59
195
541
544.5
39
40
196
396
407
10
197
436.5
421
12
11
198
525.5
547.5
31
41
199
421
407
11
10
200
78.5
78.5
201
78.5
78.5
202
518.5
536.5
29
37
203
555
573.5
45
59
204
78.5
78.5
205
330
590
78
206
78.5
78.5
207
188.5
78.5
208
78.5
78.5
209
244
346
210
550
547.5
42
41
211
475
458.5
17
15
212
188.5
78.5
213
518.5
518.5
29
29
214
78.5
78.5
215
330
307.5
216
78.5
188.5
217
188.5
78.5
218
188.5
188.5
219
244
188.5
220
281
307.5
221
458.5
466.5
15
16
222
78.5
78.5
223
78.5
78.5
224
436.5
436.5
12
12
225
362
381
226
307.5
346
227
622
623
613
619
228
188.5
188.5
229
381
421
11
230
281
381
231
78.5
78.5
232
396
436.5
12
233
188.5
188.5
234
78.5
78.5
235
244
307.5
236
78.5
78.5
237
78.5
78.5
238
78.5
78.5
239
508
514
24
26
240
78.5
244
241
307.5
307.5
242
568
572
54
57
243
244
244
244
530
532
33
34
245
307.5
244
246
78.5
78.5
247
244
244
248
407
436.5
10
12
249
307.5
307.5
250
307.5
244
251
396
446
13
252
458.5
466.5
15
16
253
78.5
78.5
254
78.5
78.5
255
78.5
244
256
78.5
78.5
257
568
578
54
61
258
396
346
259
244
244
260
558.5
582
49
63
261
307.5
307.5
262
589
587
76
71
263
396
407
10
264
78.5
78.5
265
330
330
266
436.5
451.5
12
14
267
613
614
272
280
268
591
592
81
83
269
615
616
412
415
270
624
621
628
599
271
582
586
63
65
272
604
605
172
177
273
244
188.5
274
362
381
275
451.5
488
14
19
276
188.5
188.5
277
330
446
13
278
544.5
575.5
40
60
279
617
618
475
482
280
78.5
78.5
281
78.5
188.5
282
281
281
283
188.5
188.5
284
496.5
508
21
24
285
475
488
17
19
286
436.5
436.5
12
12
287
78.5
78.5
288
504.5
501
23
22
289
580
578
62
61
290
78.5
78.5
291
599
598
136
120
292
407
421
10
11
293
396
407
10
294
244
281
295
488
493.5
19
20
296
78.5
78.5
297
606
607
180
182
298
362
381
299
346
330
300
188.5
188.5
301
188.5
78.5
302
78.5
78.5
303
307.5
307.5
304
78.5
78.5
305
78.5
78.5
306
307.5
330
307
244
244
308
188.5
188.5
309
244
281
310
188.5
311
281
312
481.5
18
313
281
314
244
315
362
316
281
317
281
Reset
Calculate from Ranks
Calculate from Raw Data
Mean Ranks for

Sample A
Sample B
312.3
314.8
UA =
49370
P(1)
P(2)
z=
-0.17
0.4325
0.865
Note that mean ranks are provided only for descriptive purposes. They
are not part of the Mann-Whitney test. ~ Note also that the z-ratio is
calculated only if na and nb are both equal to or greater than 5.
Critical Intervals of UA for
49370
Level of Significance for a

Directional Test
.05
.025
.01
Non-Directional Test
--
.05
.02
lower
limit
The adjacent critical intervals are calculated only if na

and nb both fall between 5 and 21, inclusive. For sample
sizes smaller than 5, you can refer your results to a
standard table of Mann-Whitney critical values, such as
the following, provided by the Department of
Mathematics & Statistics at the University of
Saskatchewan:
http://math.usask.ca/~laverty/S245/Tables/wmw.pdf
upper
limit
with na=317, nb=309, UA= 49370 , and UB= 48583
The observed value of UA is significant

at or beyond the designated level if it
is equal to or smaller than the
indicated lower limit for that level or
equal to or greater than the upper
limit. It is non-significant if it is larger
than the lower limit and smaller than
the upper limit.
Home
Click this link only if you did not arrive here via the VassarStats main page.
Richard Lowry 2001-2013

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Mann Whitney Test

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Mann-Whitney Test

For na=317; nb=309.

The logic and computational details of the Mann-Whitney test

= the maximum possible value of TA

of data 9for sample A. Then

Raw Data for

Calculate from Ranks

Calculate from Raw Data

Mean Ranks for

Critical Intervals of UA for

Level of Significance for a

The adjacent critical intervals are calculated only if na

with na=317, nb=309, UA= 49370 , and UB= 48583

The observed value of UA is significant

Richard Lowry 2001-2013

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