Steam Turbine Operation

Warming up and Starting the Turbine Controller

Operating modes of the control systems and of the starting and load limit device Electrical speed Control - Warm-up operation - Running up the turbine I generator unit - Rated speed operation Hydraulic governor - Warm-up operation

The turbine generator Unit is accelerated and Maintained at constant warm-up speed Accelerate unit to rated speed Maintain unit at rated speed The turbine generator unit is accelerated and Maintained at constant warm-up speed by manual Actuation of the starting and load limit device When the reference speed setter is in the 0% position, the hydraulic governor takes over speed control at approx. 8O% rated speed So, run -up of the turbine generator unit from approx. 8O to 100% rated speed is controlled by The hydraulic speed governor. Maintain unit at rated speed Acceleration to 107% of rated speed by the governor; Speed is increased to trip speed using acceleration Lever on casing of hydraulic governor; During over speed trip test, the electrical speed Controller must be disengaged and switched off. The main trip valves are brought into operating Position when the starting and load limit device is In the 0% position. When the starting and load limit device is in Approx 4 0% open position, the stop valves should Be open; The test valves of the stop valves must be in the Operating position for the opening procedure. See Hydraulic speed governor 0-107% (limitation by hydraulic speed governor) The actual set point follows the target set point Along preset gradients. The preset gradient is reduced according to a Predeterminaned characteristic to confirm to the Margin generated by the TSE The TSE signal must always be present if the TSE Is not faulted. The actual set point no longer follows the target Set point if the TSE is defaulted The actual and target set point must be matched up Before the TSE signal can be switched off. When the Signal from TSE is not present, the thermal Stress in the turbine components must be figured Out by comparing. The actual temperature and their Differences with the curves for permissible Temperature margins as given in Technical Data 6.1-011

Running up the turbine generator unit

Rated speed Operation Over speed trip test

Starting and load limit device setting operating configuration of main trip valve - Opening the stop valves

Warm up operation

Electrical speed control Control range in % rated speed Set point control - Target set point /actual set point Limitation of set point by turbine, stress evaluator (TSE) Application of the TSE signal Operation with TSE faulted

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Limitation by higher-level or alternative Controllers or other devices - Minimum value selection

Hydraulic speed governor (Speed setting device approx.80%) Starting and load limit device

Effective controller = controller with the lowest Set point setting at any time (also applies to other Devices influencing the opening characteristic) Limit set point by hydraulic minimum value selection; Limit set point by hydraulic minimum Valve selection; Excessive control valve opening can be prevented By using the starting and load limit device to Limit valve travel. see arrangement of control desk as described in controller manual. Pay attention to notes on operation Of release pushbuttons! See Appendix (for changing the operating mode during no-load operation sees Power Operation, Controller 6.2-0180

Operation - Operating elements and monitoring Instruments Operating logic sequences for changing The operating mode

3 Hydraulic Speed Governor Set point control - Target set point factual set point

the actual set point immediately follows the target Set point (no influence from turbine stress evaluator), During operation with the hydraulic speed governor, The thermal stresses in the turbine components must Be figured out on the basis of the TSE display or, If the TSE is faulted, by comparing the actual Temperatures and their differences with the curves For permissible temperature margins as given in Technical Data 6.1-011.

Limitation by higher-level or Alternative controllers or other device - Minimum Value selection

Electro hydraulic controller <100% value selection Starting and IQad limit device

Effective controller = controller with lowest Set point setting at any time (also applies to other Devices influencing the control characteristic) Limits set point by hydraulic minimum Limits set point by hydraulic minimum Value selection see arrangement of control desk as described in in controller manual See next page

Operation - Operating elements and monitoring Instruments - Operating logic sequences for Changing operating mode

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Turbine generator unit speed Stop valve position Control Valve position Main trip valves Starting and load limit device Reference speed setter Electrical speed reference

= Turning gear speed = 0% = 0% = depressurized = 40% open = 0% = 0%

(1) + + (2) + + (3) + + + (4) + + + + (A) + + + (5) + + + (6) + (B) + + + (7) + + + + (8) + + (9) + +

Electrical speed reference Electrical speed reference Plunger coil Plunger coil Starting and load limit device Starting and load limit device Main trip valves Starting and load limit device Starting and load limit device Stop valve position Warm-up criteria for main steam lines Main Steam lines Criteria for admission of steam into turbine Steam generation Starting and load limit device Control valves open Turbine generator unit speed Using Starting and load limit device Turbine Run-up criteria Steam generator output Starting and load limit device Control Valve Turbine generator unit speed Turbine generator unit speed Starting and load limit device Starting and load limit device Reference speed setter Turbine generator unit speed

rise = 100% deenergize deenergize lower =0% in operating configuration rise >40% = 100% fulfilled warm-Up fulfilled adequate rise = warm-up speed maintain constant speed Warm-up fulfilled adequate rise open > warm-up speed = 75% rated speed rise = 100% open rise = rated speed

Operating logic sequence 1:

Starting up the turbine generator unit with the Starting and load limit device and the hydraulic Speed governor A see warming up the Main Steam Line B sees Warming up Starting up the Turbine

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Turbine generator unit speed Electrical speed reference Reference speed setter

> turning gear speed and < 75% rated speed = turbine generator unit speed = 100%

+ (1) + + (2) + + (3) + + (4) + (5) + +

Starting and load limit device Starting and load limit device Starting and load limit device Electrical speed reference Electrical reference Plunger coil Plunger coil deenergize using starting and load limit device Reference speed setter Reference speed setter

= 56 to 100% lower effective rise = 100% deenergize

maintain constant speed lower = 0%

Operating logic sequence 2:

Transition from operating with electrical speed controller to Operating with starting and load limit device (Speed approx, 80% rated speed)

+ + + + + (1) + + (2) + + (3) + + (4) + +

Turbine generator unit speed Electrical speed reference Plunger coil Reference speed setter Starting and load limit device Plunger coil Plunger coil Electrical speed reference Turbine generator unit speed Starting and load limit device Starting and load limit device Reference speed setter Reference speed setter

> Turning gear speed and 75% rated speed = 100% deenergize = 0% effective energize energized lower = electrical speed reference rise 56 to 100 % rise = 100% Transition from operating with starting and load limit Device to operation with electrical speed controller (Speed approx, 80% rated speed)

Operating logic sequence 3:

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