UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA FACULTAD DE INGENIERA ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE IDIOMA TECNICO

TECHNICAL ENGLISH MECHANICAL ELECTICAL ENGINEERING

Nombre: Carn:

Eduardo Alejandro Motta Porras 201020844

Nombre: Carn:

Andr Emanuel Larios Muralles 201020369

Guatemala 29 de Abril del 2011

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INDEX Introduction_____________________________________________________Page 3 Objectives_______________________________________________________Page 4 The Vernier Caliper _______________________________________________Page 5 Measurements Readings...Page 6 The Micrometer __________________________________________________Page 7 Measurements Readings...Page 7 Conclusions_____________________________________________________Page 8 Bibliography_____________________________________________________Page 9

INTRODUCTION We live in an ever expanding society and, to succeed in todays world the mastering of the English language has become more than a luxury, a necessity. It is in the face of these stupefying facts that the Technical English Course provides the future engineer with the proper tools, such as a rich vocabulary and a fluid speaking ability, to take a stand against the competitive industry that awaits him or her. Having stated the previous assertions, it is proper to mention the value of time, and the advantages of taking as much advantage of it while we can. Thats why measurements instruments have become everyday now more and more important, accurate, smaller and even more practical to use. The following handbook provides a general idea of how to use the Vernier Caliper as well as the Micrometer. It also presents examples of both instruments, using the Metric System as well as the imperial or English System.

OBJECTIVES The most general objective is to transmit the knowledge and the perfect usage of the Vernier Caliper and the Micrometer, as excellent instruments used in the large field of engineering 1. Learn how to use individually each instrument and when to use them instead of any other instrument that might be more useful. 2. How to use both instruments individually. Using both, Metric and English systems of measurement. 3. Acquire the knowledge of how to use each mechanical instrument in our everyday tasks.

THE VERNIER CALIPIER The Vernier Caliper is a precision instrument that can be used to measure internal and external distances extremely accurately. The example shown below is a manual caliper. Measurements are interpreted from the scale by the user. This is more difficult than using a digital vernier caliper which has an LCD digital display on which the reading appears. The manual version has both an imperial and metric scale. Manually operated vernier calipers can still be bought and remain popular because they are much cheaper than the digital version. Also, the digital version requires a small battery whereas the manual version does not need any power source.

1 - Outside jaws: used to take external measures of objects 2 - Inside jaws: used to take internal measures of objects 3 - Depth probe: used to measure the depth of objects 4 - Main scale (cm) 5 - Main scale (inch) 6 - Vernier (cm) 7 - Vernier (inch) 8 - Retainer: used to block movable part

HOW TO READ A MEASUREMENT FROM THE SCALES EXAMPLE: The external measurement (diameter) of a round section piece of steel is measured using a vernier caliper, metric scale. A. The main metric scale is read first and this shows that there are 13 whole divisions before the 0 on the hundredths scale. Therefore, the first number is 13. B. The hundredths of mm scale is then read. Only one division on the main metric
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scale lines up with a division on the hundredths scale below it, whilst others do not. In the example below, the 41st division on the hundredths scale lines up exactly with a division on the metric scale above.

C. This 41 is multiplied by 0.02 giving 0.82 as the answer (each division on the hundredths scale is equivalent to 0.02mm).

D. The 13 and the 0.82 are added together to give the final measurement of 13.82mm (the diameter of the piece of round section steel)

THE MICROMETER The micrometer is a precision measuring instrument, used by engineers. Each revolution of the rachet moves the spindle face 0.5mm towards the anvil face. The object to be measured is placed between the anvil face and the spindle face. The rachet is turned clockwise until the object is trapped between these two surfaces and the rachet makes a clicking noise. This means that the rachet cannot be tightened any more and the measurement can be read.

EXAMPLE MEASURE READINGS 1. Read the scale on the sleeve. The example clearly shows12 mm divisions. 2. Still reading the scale on the sleeve, a further mm (0.5) measurement can be seen on the bottom half of the scale. The measurement now reads 12.5mm. 3. Finally, the thimble scale shows 16 full divisions (these are hundredths of a mm). The final measurement is 12.5mm + 0.16mm = 12.66

CONCLUSIONS The micrometer and the Vernier Caliper are both high precision instruments used in the field of engineering. Both of this instruments are not that hard to learn how to use, is just a matter of paying attention, they are not that expensive instruments either and they both come in an convenient size. In case the arithmetic done with the Vernier Caliper its to hard, or it gives you too much trouble, there are also other instruments, the Dial caliper for example, that already do the math for you. Is just a matter of finding the right mechanical instrument for each task you may need to do. A really convenient peculiarity about the Vernier Caliper is that it can be used to measure internal and external distances extremely accurately.

BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.technologystudent.com/equip1/microm1.htm http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vernier_caliper_new.png http://www.technologystudent.com/equip1/vernier3.htm