Bottle Defects -an undesirable characteristic Types of Defects According to Gravity Critical Defects -hazardous to consumers and may

render the product useless 1. Bird Swing and Spike

2. Overpress -rim extending from the inside edge of the finish and sometimes sharp 3. Filament -hair -like string of glass inside the bottle 4. Split -open crack starting @ the top of the finish and extending downwards 5. Cheek -small shallow surface crack (gasgas) -group of check is called grizzle 6. Freak -odd shapes and conditions that render the container completely unusable 7. Poor Distribution -uneven thickness of the glass 8. Soft Blisters -are thin blisters that can be easily broken 9. Crack -partial fractures found at the heel area (bottom) and shoulders 10. Pin hole -any opening causing leakage Major Defects -affects the usability of the container 1. Chip -piece or pieces of broken glass at the top edge 2. Stone -small inclusion of a non glass material 3. Rocker Bottom -uneven portion @ the bottom 4. Mismatch -half of the finish maybe shifted to the side or upward of the other half 5. Fin -a seam @ the top surface or down the side @ the fusion line 6. Out Of Round Finish -pinched, flattened or oval finish

-not critical -only affects the appearance and acceptability of the consumers 1. Sunken/ Dropped Shoulders -produced when bottles sag after blowing 2. Tear -similar to check but opened up 3. Washboard -horizontal lines on the body of the bottle 4. Brushmarks/ Marks -vertical lines on the body of the bottle 5. Dirt -scaly or granular non-glass materials 6. Heel Tap -heavy glass on one side of the bottom 7. Hard Blisters - deeply embedded blisters 8. Stack -rough spot produced when pulling bottoms that stick together 9. Long Neck -stretched out neck resulting from bottles being too hot When picked up by the machine 10. Seeds -small bubbles in the glass -air bubbles, generally smaller than blisters -pinheads size 11. Neck Ring Seam -bulge at the fusion line at the neck ring - like a fin but the seam is thin at the neck ring Inspection -performed by alert individuals who have understood the written instructions in the SOP 1. When to inspect? 2. What to inspect? 3. Inspection Standards 4. Inspection Methods a. 100% Inspection b. Sampling Inspection 5. How to report data? 6. Material Handling 7. Administrative Procedures Sampling Inspection -representative units of the batch are being inspected Risk of Errors 1. Producers Risk -Risk of rejecting a good batch 2. Consumers Risk -Risk of accepting a bad batch Sampling

Minor Defects

-a process of removing an appropriate member of items from a population to make inferences of the entire population Kinds of Sample 1. Gross Sample Number of containers where laboratory samples are withdrawn 2. Laboratory Sample The sample for QC Tests 3. Test Samples (Where Applicable) -the sample that has to undergo some modification prior to the actual tests Sampling Plan -a definite working rule regarding the size and frequency of sample and the basis for acceptance or rejection N = Batch Size N = Sample Size Ac/c = Acceptance Number Acceptance Quality Control (AQL) -maximum % defectives AQL 10, serious defects (eg. critical, major) -maximum % defects AQL >, trivial defects (eg. minor) Population size in lab sx = 25000 labels/ unit Sample size = 315 labels Number of labels/ bundle = 315/6 = x Acceptance Number = 14 ; Rejection Number = 15 Square Root System -in computing the gross sample, it is not always a whole number -when thers a decimal point, round up (+ 1) 55 bundles x 100 labels Serious defect lower AQL Answer to # 3 Lot # Batch # Expiry Date # Manufacturing Date

Sampling Plans 1. Square Root System n=N+1 2. Government Sampling Plan used to compute for lab sx Special Inspection Levels -relatively small sample size is necessary and large sampling risk can be tolerated General Inspection Levels Level I -used when less discrimination is needed when supplier has good reputation Level II -used when the reputation of the supplier is not specified Level III -used for greater discrimintation -for new suppliers *AQL = 22 So, 22 is the maximum # of defects per 100 units 25 bundles x 1000 labels N= 25 n= 6 bundles ^ Use the square root system