Configuring Serial Encapsulation

WAN Connections

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ICND1 v1.04-1

Circuit Switching

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Public Switched Telephone Network

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PSTN Considerations
Advantages
Simplicity Availability Cost

Disadvantages
Low data rates

Relatively long connection setup time

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Leased Line

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WAN Connection Bandwidth

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Configuring a Serial Interface

Enter global configuration mode. Specify interface.
RouterX#configure terminal RouterX(config)#

RouterX(config)#interface serial 0/0/0 RouterX(config-if)#

Set clock rate (on DCE interfaces only).

RouterX(config-if)#clock rate 64000 RouterX(config-if)#

Set bandwidth (recommended).

RouterX(config-if)#bandwidth 64 RouterX(config-if)#exit RouterX(config)#exit RouterX#

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Serial Interface show controller Command

Shows the serial cable type

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Point-to-Point Considerations
Advantages
Simplicity

Quality
Availability

Disadvantages
Cost Limited flexibility

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HDLC and Cisco HDLC

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Configuring HDLC Encapsulation

RouterX(config-if)# encapsulation hdlc

Enables Cisco HDLC encapsulation

Uses the default encapsulation on synchronous serial interfaces

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Leased Line

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PPP

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An Overview of PPP

PPP can carry packets from several protocol suites using NCP. PPP controls the setup of several link options using LCP.
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Enable PPP Encapsulation

RouterX(config-if)# encapsulation ppp

Enables PPP encapsulation

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PPP Configuration Example

hostname left ! int serial 0 ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp

hostname right ! int serial 0 ip address 10.0.1.2 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp

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ICND1 v1.04-16

Verifying a Serial Interface Configuration

RouterX# show interface s0/0/0 Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.140.1.2/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) LCP Open Open: IPCP, CDPCP Last input 00:00:05, output 00:00:05, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 38021 packets input, 5656110 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 23488 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 38097 packets output, 2135697 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 6045 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 482 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
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Verifying the HDLC and PPP Encapsulation Configuration

RouterX# show interface s0/0/0 Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.140.1.2/24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 1544 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) LCP Open Open: IPCP, CDPCP Last input 00:00:05, output 00:00:05, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 38021 packets input, 5656110 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 23488 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 38097 packets output, 2135697 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 6045 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 482 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up
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Frame Relay

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Frame Relay Devices and Virtual Circuits

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ATM and Cell Switching

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Summary
A point-to-point (or serial) line can connect two geographically distant sites. These lines are usually leased from a carrier and are, therefore, often called leased lines. Bandwidth refers to the rate at which data is transferred over the communication link. In North America, point-to-point leased-line bandwidth is typically specified as a DS number (DS0, DS1, and so forth) that technically refers to the rate and format of the signal. The HDLC protocol is one of two major data link layer protocols commonly used with point-to-point WAN connections. HDLC supports both point-to-point and multipoint configurations. The encapsulation hdlc interface configuration command can be used to specify Cisco HDLC encapsulation on the interface. PPP lower-level functions use synchronous and asynchronous physical media. PPP higher-level functions carry packets from several network layer protocols using NCPs.
2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ICND1 v1.04-22

Summary (Cont.)
The encapsulation ppp interface configuration command can be used to specify PPP encapsulation on the interface. The show interface command can be used to verify proper configuration of PPP encapsulation. Frame Relay data rates are commonly up to 4 Mb/s, with some providers offering even higher rates. Frame Relay is a simpler protocol that works at the data link layer rather than at the network layer. ATM is a type of cell-switched connection technology that is capable of transferring voice, video, and data through private and public networks. ATM is used primarily in service-provider networks and enterprise LAN backbones. ATM virtual circuits can be either PVCs or SVCs.

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