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Markus Laner, Philipp Svoboda, Peter Romirer-Maierhofer, Navid Nikaein, Fabio Ricciato and Markus Rupp
Vienna University of Technology, Austria FTW, Austria EURECOM, France
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Outline
1 Introduction 2 Measurements 3 Results 4 Interpretation 5 Conclusion
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18
2/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Outline
1 Introduction 2 Measurements 3 Results 4 Interpretation 5 Conclusion
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18
1/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Motivation
Latency aects user experience Increasing importance/attention What to improve? Measurements
Video
?
Low Latency
Future Appl.
Alarm
Gaming
Voice
M2M
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18
2/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Contributions
Measurements of LTE and HSPA latency Verication of LTE design goals (popular estimates) Comparing inuences of
Packet size Data rate
latency estimates [Holma, 2010]
RTT (ms) 30 Core RNC NodeB 20 TTI Buffering Scheduling Retransm. eNodeB TTI Buffering Scheduling Retransm. UE 0 HSPA LTE UE
High Speed Packet Access Long Term Evolution Round Trip Time Quality of Service
10
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18
3/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Outline
1 Introduction 2 Measurements 3 Results 4 Interpretation 5 Conclusion
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18
3/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Denition of Latency
Latency [3GPP, TS 25.913]:
Control-plane: Transition time from idle to connected state User-plane: Packet (0 Bytes) available at IP layer of UE/GW
Ambiguities:
Size: IP datagrams vs. IP fragments Availability: Start vs. end Intermediate interfaces: No IP
Def.: Last bit of an IP datagram passing each interface Q: Is this def. enough for low data rate applications?
Interface 1 Interface 2 Interface 3 1,2 1,3
M. Laner, TUV Comparison of Delays in HSPA and LTE 2012-05-18 4/16
2,3
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Setup
3G and 4G networks (3GPP Rel. 8) Modem: Huawei E392, triple-mode FDD: 10 MHz (HSPA) vs. 20 MHz (LTE) Radio: Line-of-sight, 130 m
Probe
Probe
Server
Server
Gn
Gi
HSPA
S1U Probe
LTE
eNodeB SAE GW Probe ran owd cn Probe
PC Server
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18
5/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Measurement Devices
Passive packet sning (wiretaps) - ve Probes GPS synchronized Protocol parsing Packet identication timestamp comparison
Probe
Probe
Server
Server
Gn
Gi
HSPA
S1U Probe
LTE
eNodeB SAE GW Probe ran owd cn Probe
PC Server
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18
6/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Trac Generation
Data-trac inuences latency Independent uplink and downlink Random packet size and inter-arrival time [IETF, RFC 2330][Fabini, 2009][Baccelli, 2007] Blocked measurements xed data-rate
HSPA modem
Internet
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18
7/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Outline
1 Introduction 2 Measurements 3 Results 4 Interpretation 5 Conclusion
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18
7/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Comparison RTT
LTE: 36 ms median RTT HSPA: 42 ms median RTT Minor improvements of 14%
1
RTT
empirical CDF
CDF
0.5
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18
8/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
RAN
empirical CDF
0.5
CDF
60
2012-05-18 9/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
empirical CDF
0.5
LTE downlink LTE uplink HSPA downlink HSPA uplink 0 0 1 2 3 4 oneway delay CN (ms) 5
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18 10/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Uplink
1 3
4 1 3
0 0
50
0 0
50
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18 11/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Uplink
1 3
4 1 3
0 0
50
0 0
50
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18 12/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
45
30
15
0 256
M. Laner, TUV
1k
256k
1M
2012-05-18 13/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Outline
1 Introduction 2 Measurements 3 Results 4 Interpretation 5 Conclusion
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18 13/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18 14/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
LTE (up/down) ( 31 / 13 ) ms ( 30 / 10 ) ms ( 30 / 15 ) ms
HSPA (up/down) ( 12 / 17 ) ms ( 10 / 16 ) ms ( 35 / 16 ) ms
QoS M2M VoIP Quality of Service Machine to Machine Voice over IP
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18 15/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Outline
1 Introduction 2 Measurements 3 Results 4 Interpretation 5 Conclusion
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18 15/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Conclusions
LTE shows improved latency over HSPA (14%) Decreasing latency with increasing data-rate HSPA uplink scheduling outperforms LTE New low-latency transmission techniques [LOLA project] Semi-persistent scheduling in LTE Latency sensitive apps. require improvements
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18 16/16
Intro.
Measurements
Results
Interpretation
Conclusion
Markus Laner, Philipp Svoboda, Peter Romirer-Maierhofer, Navid Nikaein, Fabio Ricciato and Markus Rupp
Vienna University of Technology, Austria FTW, Austria EURECOM, France mlaner@tuwien.ac.at www.tc.tuwien.ac.at
M. Laner, TUV
2012-05-18 16/16
Ref.
References
3GPP. TS 25.913, Requirements for Evolved UTRA and Evolved UTRAN, http://www.3gpp.org/. H. Holma and A. Toskala, WCDMA for UMTS: HSPA Evolution and LTE (5th Edition). Wiley, 2010. M. Laner, P. Svoboda, and M. Rupp, Dissecting 3G Uplink Delay by Measuring in an Operational HSPA Network, in PAM11, Atlanta, Georgia, 2011. J. Fabini, L. Wallentin, and P. Reichl, The importance of being really random: methodological aspects of IP-layer 2G and 3G network delay assessment, in ICC09, Dresden, Germany, 2009. V. Paxson et al. (1998) RFC 2330, Framework for IP Performance Metrics, http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2330.txt. F. Baccelli et al., On Optimal Probing for Delay and Loss Measurement, in IMC07, San Diego, California, 2007. libpcap - library for network trac capture, http://www.tcpdump.org/. Darwin Project, http://userver.ftw.at/ricciato/darwin/. Endace DAG, http://www.endace.com/. LinuxPPS, http://wiki.enneenne.com/index.php/LinuxPPS support. EU FP7 LOLA Project, http://www.ict-lola.eu/.
M. Laner, TUV Comparison of Delays in HSPA and LTE 2012-05-18 17/16