QUARTER 2

LO 2: CONFIGURE NETWORK
SERVICES
SELF- LEARNING MODULE 5
Configuring IPv4 and
Subnet Mask

Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the (Computer System Servicing(CSS) Grade-12) Self Learning Module

on (Configuring IPv4 address and Subnet Masks) !
This Self Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators from Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-In-Charge
Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership
with the Local Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis
N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the
Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal,
social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 EXPECT AT ION

After completing the lesson the learners should be able:

A. Identify IPv4 and Subnet Mask;

B. Understand the use of IPv4 and Subnet Mask; and
C. Configure IPv4 and Subnet Mask

PRET EST

True or False

Directions: Read each statement below carefully. Write T if the statement is correct
and F if wrong in the space provided before each number.

________1. In computer networking, every device needs a unique IP address.

_______ 2. The subnet mask is transmitted across the network.

_______ 3. The router allows you to communicate outside of your local subnet.

_______ 4. Virtual IP address is not associated with a physical network adapter.

_______ 5. The reserved address ranges from 240.0.0.1 through 255.255.255.255

RECAP
Directions: Enumerate the following, Write the answer on the space provided.
What are two types of IP address:
1. ______________________________
2. ______________________________
Differentiate the two types of IP address:
3. ______________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________
Advantages of Static IP address
5. _______________________________________________________________
6. _______________________________________________________________
7. _______________________________________________________________
8. _______________________________________________________________
Advantage of Dynamic IP address
9. ______________________________________________________________
10. ______________________________________________________________
 LESSON

CONFIGURING IPv4

As you configure your workstation, servers, routers, switches and other layer
devices, you will be working a lot with IP addresses, subnet mask and other
parameters that necessary to perform IPv4 networking

For example to manually configure an IP address on the device

IP ADDRESSING

• IP address
• Subnet Mask
• Default gateway
• DNS server

NETWORKING WITH IPv4

• IP Address, e.g., 192.168.1.165

Every device needs a unique IP address

• Subnet Mask, e.g., 255.255.255.0

Used by the local workstation to determine what subnet it belong to.

The subnet mask isn’t transmitted across the network

• Default gateway, e.g., 192.168.1.1

The router allows you to communicate outside of your local subnet

The default gateway must be an IP address on the local subnet

SPECIAL IPv4 ADDRESSES

• Loopback address

An address to yourself

Ranges from 127.0.0.1 through 127.255.255.254

An easy way to self-reference (ping 127.0.0.1)

• Reserved addresses

Set aside for future use or testing

240.0.0.1 through 255.255.255.254

 • Virtual IP addresses (VIP)

Not associated with a physical network adapter

Virtual machine, internal router address

CLASSFUL SUBNETTING

On the early days of an IP protocol, there are only 3 subnet mask that could
possibly assigned to a particular workstations

• Very specific subnetting

architecture
Not used since 1993
• But still referenced in casual
conversation
• Used as a starting point when
subnetting
Standard values

THE CONSTRUCTION OF A SUBNET

• Network Address
The first IP address of a subnet
Set all host bits to 0 (0 decimal)
• First usable host address
One number higher than the
network address
• Network broadcast address
The last IP address of a subnet
Set all host bits to 1 (255 decimal)
• Last usable host address
One number lower than the
broadcast address
https://engineering.eckovation.com/networking-
projects-final-year-students/

THE SUBNET MASK

• Contiguous series of ones Host = 8

Network = 24 bits
 Ones on the left
 Zeros on the right bits
11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
• CIDR block notation

Classless inter-domain routing (CIDR) is a set of Internet protocol (IP) standards

that is used to create unique identifiers for networks and individual devices. The IP
addresses allow particular information packets to be sent to specific computers.
 That system is known as CIDR notation.

CIDR is an IP addressing scheme that improves the allocation of IP addresses. It

replaces the old system based on classes A, B, and C. This scheme also helped
greatly extend the life of IPv4 as well as slow the growth of routing tables.

CIDR is a great way to improve the efficiency of IP address distribution. It was vital
with IPv4 as IP addresses were quickly being exhausted. IPv6 is now rolling out and
although running out of IP address is now less of a problem, CIDR will continue to
be used.

CLASSLESS INNER DOMAIN ROUTING SLASH NOTATION

Binary to CIDR-block notation

Network = 16 bits Host = 16 bits
11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000

Binary to CIDR-block notation

Network = 26 bits Host = 6 bits

11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000

Binary to CIDR-block notation

Network = 12 Host = 20 bits
bits
11111111.11110000.00000000.00000000
 ACT IVIT IES

Subnet calculations: Calculate the following IP address.

a. Identify the class and its’ corresponding subnet mask.

b. Separate the network part and the host part of the IP address using the
subnet mask.
c. Find network address.
d. Find the first host address
e. Find the broadcast address
f. Find the last available host address
g. Find the range

A. IP Address: 192.168.50.7

1. CLASS ______________________________
2. Subnet Mask ______________________________
3. Network address ______________________________
4. First host address ______________________________
5. Broadcast address ______________________________
6. Last host address ______________________________
7. Range ______________________________

B. IP Address: 172.16.28.10

1. CLASS ______________________________
2. 255.255.0.0 ______________________________
3. Network address ______________________________
4. First host address ______________________________
5. Broadcast address ______________________________
6. Last host address ______________________________
7. Range ______________________________
 WR AP UP

NETWORKING WITH IPv4

As you configure your workstation, servers, routers, switches and other layer 3
devices, you will be working a lot with IP addresses, subnet mask and other
parameters that necessary to perform IPv4 networking.

Networking with IPV4 needs a unique IP address each IP address has subnet mask
it is used by the local workstation to determine what subnet it belong to. The
default gateway allows router to communicate outside of your local subnet. It must
be an IP address on the local subnet.

There are special IPv4 address:

1. The Loopback address – it is an address to yourself ranges from 127.0.0.1

through 127.255.255.254.
2. The Reserved address – it is set aside for future use or testing ranges from
240.0.0.1 through 255.255.255.254
3. The Virtual IP address – it is not associated with physical network adapter. It
is a virtual machine or internal router address

VALUI NG

Configuring IPv4 and subnet mask is one of the important factors to consider in
configuring your workstation, servers, routers, switches and other layer devices.
Discuss steps to configure IPv4 and subnet mask on a device.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
 POST T EST

Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. is a set of Internet protocol (IP) standards that is used to create unique

identifiers for networks and individual devices
A. IP address C. Subnet Mask
B. CIDR . D. VIP
2. The first IP address of a subnet. It set all host bits to 0 (0 decimal)
A. Network address. C. First usable host address
B. Network broadcast address D. Last usable host address
3. One number higher than the network address
A. Network address C. First usable host address .
B. Network broadcast address D. Last usable host address
4. The last IP address of a subnet. It set all host bits to 1 (255 decimal)
A. First usable address C. Last usable host address
B. Network address D. Network broadcast address .
5. One number lower than the broadcast address.
A. Network address C. Last usable host address.
B. First usable address D. Network broadcast address

K EY T O CORRECT ION

fees/Unlimited devices
192.168.50.1 -192.168.50. 254 7. 10. No additional
192.168.50.254 6. 9. Automatic configuration
192.168.50.255 5. 8. Easy file transfers
192.168.50.1 4. communication
192.168.50.0 3. 7. Reliable
255.255.255.0 2.
access
C 1.
B. 6. Convenient remote
192.168.50.1 -192.168.50. 254 7. 5. Simple server hosting
192.168.50.254 6. periodically
192.168.50.255 5. the network and changes
C 5. 192.168.50.1 4. 4. Dynamic IP assigned by F 5.
D 4. 192.168.50.0 3. constant over time T 4.
C 3. 255.255.255.0 2. 3. Static IP remains T 3.
A 2. C 1. 2. Dynamic F 2.
B 1. A. 1. Static T 1.

Post-test Activity Recap Pre-test

 R E F E R E N CE S

Online Sites:

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-ip-addresses-subnets-and-cidr-
notation-for-networking

(access July 18, 2020)

Images

https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk02NpnR6M8GzQDqSpbj7NpMLFQzomQ%3A15947838
22766&source=hp&ei=TngOX4XwK9aVr7wPzaCn6Ac&q=what+is+cidr+block+notation&oq=what+is+
CIDR+block+notat&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQARgAMgYIABAWEB46BAgjECc6CAgAELEDEIMBOgUIABCxA
zoCCAA6BAgAEAM6BwgjELECECc6BAgAEAo6DQgAELEDEIMBEEYQ-
QFQphRYvW9g0YgBaAJwAHgBgAHB4gBhC6SAQwwLjE5LjUuNi0xLjGYAQCgAQGqAQdnd3Mtd2l6&scli
ent=psy-ab

(access July 18, 2020)