CHAPTER 5 WING DESIGN

Mohammad Sadraey
Daniel Webster College

Table of Contents
Chapter 5................................................................................................................................................... 1
Wing Design ............................................................................................................................................. 1
5.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1
5.2. Number of Wings ...................................................................................................................... 4
5.3. Wing Vertical Location ............................................................................................................ 5
5.3.1. High Wing............................................................................................................................. 7
5.3.2. Low Wing .............................................................................................................................. 9
5.3.3. Mid Wing ............................................................................................................................. 10
5.3.4. Parasol Wing ..................................................................................................................... 10
5.3.5. The Selection Process ................................................................................................... 11
5.4. Airfoil ........................................................................................................................................... 11
5.4.1. Airfoil Design or Airfoil Selection .............................................................................. 11
5.4.2. General Features of an Airfoil .................................................................................... 14
5.4.3. Characteristic Graphs of an Airfoil ........................................................................... 17
5.4.4. Airfoil Selection Criteria ................................................................................................ 23
5.4.5. NACA Airfoils ..................................................................................................................... 24
5.4.6. Practical Steps for Wing Airfoil Section Selection .............................................. 32
5.5. Wing Incidence ........................................................................................................................ 37
5.6. Aspect Ratio .............................................................................................................................. 39
5.7. Taper Ratio ................................................................................................................................ 45
5.8. The Significance of Lift and Load Distributions ........................................................... 48
5.9. Sweep Angle ............................................................................................................................. 52
5.10. Twist Angle ............................................................................................................................. 65
5.11. Dihedral Angle ....................................................................................................................... 69
5.12. High Lift Device ..................................................................................................................... 73
5.12.1. The Functions of High Lift Device .......................................................................... 73
Wing Design