Alzheimer's disease Definition Alzheimers is a brain disease that affects memory and in a way thinking skills, it starts from

slight disability and gradually turns severe that even the patient find difficulty in accomplishing simple tasks. Alzheimers disease has no complete cure yet. Description Alzheimer's disease was discovered by a German doctor Alzheimer, when he traced cha nges in brain tissues of a woman whose dead occurred due to mental illness. Alzheimer found tangled bundles of fibers and abnormal clumps in the brain and these two are main components of Alzheimer disease. Moreover, in Alzheimers disease, there is lack of connection between brain nerve cells. It is still unclear that how Alzheimers disease starts in the brain and its clear symptoms appear when the disease has already damaged the brain for ten years. During the early stages people are not well aware of the symptoms but later on harmful changes appear in the brain. The plaques and tangles formed in the brain make abnormal protein deposits in the brain. Furthermore, the damage to healthy nerve cell can never be cured and the cell function and communication can never be recovered therefore eventually cell dies. The disease cause healthy never cells to stop function and communication and after the cell death, different parts of brain get shrink and results in huge damage to the brain. Symptoms The symptoms of Alzheimers disease are not evident in beginning and appear gradually as the disease progress. At first the memory problems which are not given serious attention and family relates it to normal aging process can be the initial symptoms of A lzheimers disease. In India where people are more concerned about family problems such as marriage, hospitality, family quarrels and many more, people pay less attention towards the initial symptoms of the disease. Later on when disease progress and the memory and thinking problem starts effecting the daily routine and functioning then family consider it more than a normal aging process. Problems of memory are mostly related to short term memory in the beginning and the person starts mixing up and repeating events and situations for example forget to turn off fan or lights

frequently, forget to remember which medicine were taken in the morning etc. other symptoms include changes in the personality such as lack in social interaction, apathy and so on. Wit h the progress in the Alzheimers disease, patient find s problems in abstract and intellectual memory where intellectual activities get affected. More complex problems occur in working routine as the person finds difficulty in understanding and reading the material etc. Further changes in personality appears in the form of agitation, quarrelsomeness, irritability, improper dressing etc. later on the complexities get worst and the patient get confused and more disoriented and forgets about months and year, unable to locate home address, unable to recognize and name places. Moreover the patients condition get worst and he or she becomes unable to engage in conversation, uncooperative, lose bowl and bladder control. In the last stages the patient is unable to take care of him/herself. At this stage death can be occurred due to bad health condition and any hard disease like pneumonia. Causes The causes of Alzheimers disease are still unknown. The researchers in this disease have developed a hypothesis, amyloid cascade hypotheses, which is considered as most authentic up till now but there is space for further research as well. The data which supports amyloid cascade hypotheses it was taken from the research on the genetic Alzheimers disease. Researchers also found mutation association in more than half of the patients of Alzheimers disease. Mutation formed a specific kind of protein fragmentation named as ABeta in the brain which is abnormal growth of mass in the brain. Researchers further traced that in the genetically caused Alzheimers diseas, the growth of A protein is more than the removal of it. In short, all the research has focused to slow down or remove A protein in order to overcome Alzheimers disease. Treatment Treatments for Alzheimers disease are medication as well as non- medication based. Alzheimers disease is pharmaceutically treated by two classes, one is cholinesterase inhibitors and the other one is partial glutamate antagonists. Unfortunately, both clas ses are failed in slowing down the progress of Alzheimers disease.