5/13/2013

KEYS TO PROPER DESIGN PROPER STRUCTURAL DESIGN

by

Follow the Load Path

Know what Loads Apply How do Loads Transfer Between Components Collect at Ground Line

Todd E. Palmer, P.E.

Rigidply Rafters, Inc.

Complete Design
Major & Minor Components Where are the Weak Points Importance of Connections
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THE DESIGN PROCESS

Determine Applied Loads Determine the Load Path Design Individual Members Design the System as a Whole

MEMBER DESIGN PRIMARY FRAMING COMPONENTS

MEMBER DESIGN SYSTEM & SECONDARY COMPONENTS

SNOW LOAD TRANSFER PATH

Top Down Design Roof Sheathing Roof Purlins Trusses & Truss Bracing Headers Posts Footings

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WIND LOAD TRANSFER PATH

Horizontal loads Roof Cladding to Roof Purlins to Truss Truss to Post or Roof Cladding to Wall Cladding Wall Cladding to Wall Girts to Posts Posts to Foundation to Soil Uplift Roof Cladding to Roof Purlins to Truss Truss to Header to Post Post to Collar to Soil

LOAD TRANSFER
~BUILDING SHEATHING~

SNOW LOAD TRANSFER

~ROOF PURLINS~

SNOW LOAD TRANSFER ~TRUSS BRACING~

Purlins -> Trusses -> Bracing -> Bracing ->

Purlins ->

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TRUSS BRACING
~MAJORITY CAUSED BY A LACK OF BRACING OR INADEQUATE BRACING ~

LOAD TRANSFER
~WALL HEADERS & SUPPORTS~

Truss

Header

Bearing Block

Post
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LOAD TRANSFER
~POSTS~
Treatment Embedded or Exposed 0.60 pcf CCA Sized for ALL Loads Not just Dead & Snow Loads Combination of Loads Large Openings Special Uses Bracing Knee Bracing Y-Bracing

LOAD TRANSFER
~SNOW DRIFT LOAD~
Integral Part of Design Modify Truss Spacing Increase Header Size Purlin Size and Spacing

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LOAD TRANSFER
~LARGE OPENINGS~

LOAD TRANSFER
~POST BRACING~
Connection Point Trusses

Knee Brace Header Size Jamb Post Size Connection Point Post

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LOAD TRANSFER
~POST BRACING~
Soils

LOAD TRANSFER
~FOOTINGS & FOUNDATION~
Fill Ground & Depth Expansive Soils Wet Conditions Common Footing Types Round Footings - Augered Holes Piers Walls Footing Types to Avoid Precast Round Footings Dry Mix Concrete Unreinforced Walls

Header Y-brace Bearing Block Post Post

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LOAD TRANSFER
~CONCRETE WALLS~
Reinforcing Bars (Rebar) Is it Present? Connection to the Footing Attachment of Building Above Lateral Loads Soil Manure Fertilizer

WIND LOAD TRANSFER

~UPLIFT AT LARGE OPENINGS~

Y-brace

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LOAD TRANSFER
~CONNECTIONS FOR UPLIFT~

WIND LOAD TRANSFER

~FOOTINGS & COLLARS~

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BUILDING MOVEMENT
HOW MUCH IS TOO MUCH?

BUILDING MOVEMENT
~FASTENER SLOTTING~

IBC Building Code: Wall Deflection = Wall Height / 120 1 in 10 feet Becomes more Critical in Dairy Facilities with an Aluminum Roof

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THANK YOU!

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