Terrestrial Navigation Item Analysis 1

Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. What do you call a navigation instrument used to take bearings from landmarks, terrestrial objects, and celestial bodies? a Gyro compass . b magnetic gimbals . c . d . shadow pin pelorus or a imuth circle

____

!. "t is one of the most widely used method of terrestrial fi#es where in the navigator uses ! different bearings from either a single object or with ! objects in order to obtain a position fi#. a $%& 'ethod . b )*' 'ethod . c . d . (ross bearing %earing and distance

____

+. Why is it not advisable to use buoys in obtaining position fi#es during pilotage or coastal navigation. a . b . c . d . %uoys are too small to detect by the radar ,he position of the buoys vary or is subject to change caused by current, tides, etc. %uoys are not reliable %uoys are easily drifted

____

-. What will be the basis in determining the time interval to obtain position fi#es on the chart? a . b . c . d . ,he scale on the chart used .s per master/s order 0ependent upon the traffic of the area depicted .lways take position fi#es every 1 hr only

____

1. ,he most accurate way of taking radar bearing is by using what feature on the radar? a )*' . c . 2arallel inde#

b (ursor .

d .

$%&

____

3. "t is of primary importance to update 4autical charts and publications. What do you call the weekly corrections which the vessel receives in order to properly update the charts and publications onboard? a $G( message . b 4.),$5 . c . d . 4otice to mariners 4avwarnings

____

6. Which nautical publication should you refer to when you want to know how to safely approach the fairway of a certain port for your passage plan? a .dmiralty tide tables . b 7hips routeing . c . d . .dmiralty list of lights .dmiralty sailing directions, (oast 2ilots

____

8. "t is a navigational instrument which uses sound waves or echoes to determine the depth of the water? a 4.),$5 . b $cho sounder . c . d . 7peed log (ourse recorder

____

9. . chart which shows the different currents, set and drift around the world on each month of the year? a *outeing charts . b General charts . c . d . 2lanning charts &arge scale charts

____ 1:. "t is a nautical publication which lists down all the light houses, and buoys on the different ports and areas around the world? a 7ailing directions, coast pilots . b .dmiralty tide table . c . d . .dmiralty lists of lights and fog signals 'ariners handbook

____ 11. "n the appraisal stage of passage planning, which nautical publication would you refer to know which charts are needed in the passage? a 'ariners handbook c (hartco

. b (hart catalogue .

. d . 4autical almanac

____ 1!. What is the fre;uency interval of checking the errors of the compass? a . b . c . d . <nce a day $very - hours $very hour <nce a watch and on every course alterations.

____ 1+. Which publication should you refer when you want to know the time and heights of high and low water in a certain port? a .dmiralty tide tables . b .dmiralty total tide . c . d . .dmiralty sailing direction $cho sounder

____ 1-. ,he wind that is observed when a vessel is underway is called? a Gale . b 4ear gale . c . d . .pparent=relative wind ,rue wind

____ 11. Which of the following choices is a radar limitation? a 7ound waves . b >alse echoes . c . d . Weather in the immediate vicinity (lutter

____ 13. .side from the weekly notices to mariners what other information broadcast are needed to be charted especially when the information directly affects the safety of your passage plan? a 'arine circular . b "'< amendments . c . d . *adio navigational warnings thru $G( 7hips berthing schedule

____ 16. ?ow many weekly corrections are issued by the @A?< for updating the charts and publications in 1 year? a +! . b 1! . c . d . 1: -8

____ 18. "t is a chart that is published to replace an old edition chart? a 4ew edition chart . b 4ew chart . c . d . 5Bchart *outeing chart

____ 19. "t is a chart published to show a new area which was not yet charted previously? a <ld edition chart . b 4ew chart . c . d . *outeing chart 5Bchart

____ !:. Where will you check to know if your ne#t port of call belongs to ".&. region . or %? a 'ariners handbook . b <n the chart title area of the chart . c . d . .dmiralty radio signals .dmiralty tide tables.

____ !1. ,he echo sounder shows the depth of the water from which area of the vessel? a >rom waterline . b >rom the keel . c . d . >rom the rudder post >rom the bridge

____ !!. "t is an error of the magnetic compass that is caused by the different magnetic anomalies of the earth? a 0eviation . b $rror of collimation . c . d . "nde# error )ariation

____ !+. (ontains details of individual radio stations and they provide information to operators regarding navigational warnings, time signals, medical advice, weather bulletins, direction finding and distress procedures?

a <perator/s guide . b &ist of radio stations .

c . d .

&ist of radio signals 2ilot book

____ !-. ,his chart covers a large area? a General chart . b 7mall scale chart . c . d . &arge scale chart (oastal chart

____ !1. What information is not found on the chart title? a 7urvey information . b 7cale . c . d . 0ate of first edition 2rojection

____ !3. 7mall corrections whether already done in the chart store or made subse;uently onboard are noted in the? a %ottom right hand corner of the chart . b %ottom left hand corner of the chart . c . d . @pper left hand corner of the chart .ny corner on the chart

____ !6. . good chart is recogni ed from an indifferent one with the help of the following e#cept? a .mount of detail charted . b (harted depth spacing . c . d . 0ate of latest notices to mariners 0ate of survey

____ !8. <n a nautical chart, inner ring of a compass rose indicates? a ,rue directions . b (ompass error . c . d . 0eviation 'agnetic directions

____ !9. ,he line on the chart connecting soundings of e;ual depth is called? a .gonic line . b (ontour c . d 7eismographic line "sotach

____ +:. <n a navigational chart, conspicuous landmarks are indicated by? a %oldfaced letters . b (apital letters . c . d . 7lanted letters @nderlined letters

____ +1. ,he larger the scale of the chart, the more accuracy of _______is most important? a 7oundings . b ,he survey upon which the date is based . c . d . ,he controlling depth &ocation of the shoals

____ +!. <n a navigational chart, conspicuous landmarks are indicated by? a %oldfaced letters . b (apital letters . c . d . 7lanted letters @nderlined letters

____ ++. Which of the following features are not marked by special marks? a Well defined channel . b ,raffic separation . c . d . 7poil grounds (able or pipelines

____ +-. When using a 'ercator chart, measuring distances is made using what scale on the chart? a &atitude . b &ongitude . c . d . "0& Greenwich meridian

____ +1. What area of the earth cannot be shown on a standard 'ercator chart? a $;uator . b .rea including both north and south latitudes . c 4orth and south poles C polar regionsD

. d . narrow band along the central meridian .

____ +3. ,he sailing directions contain information on all of the following e#cept? a <cean currents . b ,idal currents . c . d . 'ajor port anchorages <uter dangers to navigation

____ +6. <n a chart, which of the following are marked with a magenta circle? a *adar transponder beacon . b *amark . c . d . *adar reflector .ll of the above

____ +8. What publication contains information about the port facilities in (adi , 7pain? a World port inde# . b @.7. coast pilot . c . d . 4autical inde# 7ailing directions

____ +9. "nformation for radiobeacons used in marine navigation in foreign waters will be found in the? a &ist of lights . b *adio navigational aids . c . d . 7ailing directions 0irectory of radiobeacons, radio direction

____ -:. What information does the outer ring of a compass rose on a nautical chart provide? a )ariation . b ,rue direction . c . d . 'agnetic directions .nnual rate of variation change

____ -1. ,he annual change in variation for an area can be found in the? a ?andbook magnetic compass adjustment .

b (ompass deviation table . c (enter of the compass rose on a chart of the area . d 4one of these .

____ -!. .side from printing the depths which the vessel passed along its course, what it another very important use of the echo sounder?. a 0epth adjustment . b ,ime interval adjustment during printing . c . d . 'ute alarm 0epth alarm

____ -+. What does the term @A( stands for? a @nder keel collision . b @nder water keel clearance . c . d . @nder keel clearance @nder bottom clearance

____ --. (ompass best error is_____ a 4orth . b 7outh . c . d . $ast West

____ -1. 0oppler sonar navigation in commercial vessels is best e#emplified by the use? a Gps navigator . b $cho sounder . c . d . *adar 7e#tant

____ -3. Which is=are factors affecting visibility? a "ce pellets . b .ll of these . c . d . Water droplets ?a e, fog

____ -6. . marine se#tant has the inde# arm set at ero and the reflected image of the hori on forms a continuous line with actual image. When the se#tant is rotated about the line of sight the images separate. ,he se#tant has?

a 4o error . b 7ide error .

c . d .

Graduate error 2rismatic error

____ -8. "t is the angle between the true and magnetic meridians of the place? a.magnetic variation a magnetic meridian b magnetic flu# . c magnetic e;uator

____ -9. "t is the part of the compass on which the direction graduations are placed? a (ompass card . b Graduation card . c . d . (ompass bowl &ubber line

____ 1:. ,his is an essential area of voyage planning which involves the formulation of the tactics which are intended to carry the plan through? a .ppraisal . b 2lanning . c . d . $#ecution 'onitoring

____ 11. What do you call the process of measuring deviation wherein the ship is being turned on to a number of headings? a 7winging . b .ltering . c . d . 7hifting (hange of headings

____ 1!. Gyro compass repeaters indicate the directing power of master gyro compass are characteri ed by? a . b . c . d "ts accuracy only in the polar regions "ts accuracy on electronic servomechanism ?and manuallyBoperating system .ccurate only if the vessel is underway

____ 1+. "t is the direction assumed by a compass needle at any place, free to move only in a hori ontal plane, and under the influence of the earth/s field alone is referred to as? a 'agnetic meridian . b 'agnetic e;uator . c . d . 'agnetic field 'agnetic flu#

____ 1-. ,he magnetic compass heading of a vessel differs from the true heading by? a (ompass error . b )ariation . c . d . 'agnetic dip 0eviation

____ 11. When navigating with a pilot on channel, which mode of steering is best used? a .utomatic pilot steering . b 4on followBup . c . d . 'anual=hand steering $mergency steering

____ 13. Which mode of steering is best used in order to obtain minimum fuel consumption and while maintaining the desired course at sea? a .utomatic pilot steering . b 4on followBup . c . d . 'anual=hand steering $mergency steering

____ 16. What do you call the alarm programmed in the automatic pilot steering system which alerts the navigator when the set heading is already having large difference from the actual heading? a General alarm . b <ther alarm . c . d . 7teering alarm <ffBcourse alarm

____ 18. ,hese are satellite information charts providing information on clouds patterns and cloud thickness. ,hey assist in the identification of meteorological features like tropical revolving storms. a 4ephanalysis charts c @pper air charts

. b ?indcast charts .

. d . 7urface prognostic charts

____ 19. ,his is a fro en precipitation consisting of ice balls or irregular lumps of ice varying si es? a ?ail . b 7leet . c . d . 7now 7now flakes

____ 3:. ,his is an elongated area of relatively low atmospheric pressure e#tending from the center of a cyclone? a ,rough . b Wedge . c . d . *idge (ol

____ 31. ,his is defined as partial pressure e#erted by water vapor in the air. a ?umidity . b 2ascal . c . d . )apor pressure &ow pressure

____ 3!. ,his is an essential area of voyage planning that involves an operation carried out by the navigation officers which gathers together all relevant information that benefit the future stages of the passage plan? a .ppraisal . b 2lanning . c . d . $#ecution 'onitoring

____ 3+. . wide vertical scanner beam is important in heavy weather to? a "ncrease the range . b 0ecrease sea return . c . d . *educe loss of beam targets &ower refraction

____ 3-. .scending and descending air masses with different temperature is part of an important heat transmitting process in our atmosphere called? a (onduction c (onvection

. b *adiation .

. d . %arometric inversion

____ 31. What is the one description used by the 2hilippines? a B3 . b B8 . c . d . E3 E8

____ 33. Which among these bridge e;uipments are mainly used for navigation? a *adar=arpa . b 7atellite or G27 navigator . c . d . .ll of these $cho sounder

____ 36. ,his is otherwise known as F&ines of magnetic >orceG a 'agnetic poles . b 4one of these . c . d . >lu# lines 'agnetic meridian

____ 38. ,his is the symbol for cumulus cloud? a 7t . b (s . c . d . (u (i

____ 39. ,he vessels compass direction at any time is referred to as? a (ourse over the ground . b ,rack line . c . d . ?eading (ourse

____ 6:. 2assage plan should show ____ a .ll of these . b (ourses to steer with heading c . d 2arallel inde# distances 0istance between waypoints

____ 61. "n which direction is true wind based upon? a >rom where it comes from . b ,o where it is going . c . d . at 9: degrees plus where it comes at 9: degrees minus where it comes

____ 6!. "t is an instrument that measures atmospheric pressure? a (linometer . b .nemometer . c . d . ,hermometer %arometer

____ 6+. . sudden drop in temperature indicates? a . b . c . d . 2assing of a cold front 2assing of a warm front ,he approach of a warm front . condition when you are at the rear of cold front

____ 6-. .t rear of a cold front? a ,he pressure rises steadily . b ,he pressure rises suddenly . c . d . ,here is little change in pressure 2ressure falls steadily

____ 61. ,he characteristics on which bearing resolution depends is a %earing of the target . b ?ori ontal beam width . c . d . 7canner speed of rotation *ange

____ 63. ,he oscillatory on the fathometer is for the purpose of? a *eceiving the echo c 'easures the speed of sound

. b ,ransmits the sound under water .

. d . "ndicates the depth

____ 66. ,he steepness of a cold front depends on? a ,he direction of wind around the front . b "ts velocity . c . d . ,emperature of the air behind the front 2recipitation generated by the front

____ 68. $(0"7 stands for? a . b . c . d . $lectronic display $lectronic chart display H information system $lectronic identification system $lectronic display of chart

____ 69. ,he vessel is on an easterly course. "n what manner should the ships clock be adjusted when passing a different time one? a .djust ships clock to be FadvancedG . b .djust ships clock to be F abackG . c . d . 4o need to adjust the ships clock .djust the ships clock before departure.

____ 8:. ,he art of analy ing, splitting up the total magnetic force of the compass needle into various parts, is known as? a .djusting the compass . b (ompensating the compass . c . d . 0irective force adjustment 4one of these

____ 81. 2assage plan should show? a .ll of these . b (ourses to steer with heading . c . d . 2arallel inde# distances 0istances between waypoints

____ 8!. .n admiralty publication which refers to the list of meteorological observation stations is referred to as? a .&*7 )<&. . b .&*7 )<&. ! . c . d . .&*7 )<&. 1 .&*7 )<&. 3

____ 8+. ,he distance a vessel moves at right angles to the original course, when a turn of 18: deg. ?as been completed is called? a .dvance . b 2ivoting point . c . d . ,actical diameter Aick

____ 8-. What do you call the state of the atmosphere when fre;uently disturbed by sudden and violent gusty wind? a 7;ually . b (yclonic . c . d . 7tormy ,hunderstorm

____ 81. )oyage order which say F7ingapore for orderG is anticipated as suchIe#cept? a . b . c . d . ,o proceed to 7ingapore with dispatch ,o proceed 7ingapore but e#pect a sudden change of ne#t port of call ,o proceed 7ingapore with anticipation of new voyage order .ll of these

____ 83. Jour vessel speed is 1!.1kts. how many miles will it run in 3 minutes? a :.1 miles . b 1.: miles . c . d . 1.!1 miles !.: miles

____ 86. Wind is due to? a 2ressure change . b @ne;ual heating of the land c . d ,emperature change ,emperature and pressure change

____ 88. ,his is a radar transponder which emits a characteristic signal when triggered by a ships radar. a *.(<4 . b *$(<4 . c . d . %$.(<4 4one of these

____ 89. 0angerous semiBcircle in the northern hemisphere? a 2ort side . b &eft . c . d . 7tarboard (ounterclockwise

____ 9:. ,his radar unit performs a dual function both in transmission reception. a *eflector . b 7canner . c . d . <scillator 0uple#er

____ 91. ,he method of sailing which is best applied to arrive at shortest distance between ! points along the earth/s surface. a Great circle sailing . b 'ercator sailing . c . d . 2lane sailing 2arallel sailing

____ 9!. ,he point or direction of the compass in which an object charted on charts is observed reckon from the north is? a ?eading . b . imuth . c . d . (ourse %earing

____ 9+. "f your line of sight is running along the parallel latitude, towards which direction are you facing? a $ast or west . b 4orth or south c . d $ast H north West H south

____ 9-. "n ship handling which factor is beyond the control of the master or the pilot? a 7hallow water . b 7teering . c . d . 2ropulsion agent ,ension and direction of tow line

____ 91. "t is a dumb compass or a compass card without directive element which is used to measure relative bearings? a 2elorus . b 'agnetic compass . c . d . Gyro compass .lidade

____ 93. "t is the hori ontal direction of the ship/s head at a given moment? a (ourse . b 7hip/s heading . c . d . (ourse line ,rack

____ 96. ,he heading of a vessel is indicated by what part of the compass? a (ompass card . b &ubber line . c . d . 4eedle Gimbal

____ 98. $nsuring that all relevant publications are on board and correct for the forthcoming voyage is part of the ________ phase of the voyage planning. a 2lanning . b $#ecution . c . d . .ppraisal 'onitoring

____ 99. ,he e#treme hori ontal distance at which prominent objects can be seen and identified by the unaided eye. a )isibility . b *ange of eyesight . c . d . $#treme distance *ecorded distance

____ 1::. ,his is an essential area of voyage planning which involves the formulation of the tactics which are intended to carry the plan through? a .ppraisal . b 2lanning . c . d . $#ecution 'onitoring

____ 1:1. ,he north seeking end of a compass needle is called the? a 4orth pole . b 7outh pole . c . d . Kenith 4adir

____ 1:!. ,he earth/s magnetic pole in the northern hemisphere has? a 7outh magnetism . b 4oth magnetism . c . d . 4orth magnetic field 7outh magnetic field

____ 1:+. (ompass best error is? a 4orth . b 7outh . c . d . $ast West

____ 1:-. ?ow are compass errors applied from compass directions to true directions? a add westerly and subtract easterly . b add easterly and subtract westerly . c . d . add westerly deviation add westerly variations

____ 1:1. ?ow is variation indicated on a large scale nautical chart? a (ompass rose . b .gonic line . c . d . (ompass deviation table "soclinic line

____ 1:3. ,he compass rose on a nautical chart indicates both variation and? a 0eviation . b .nnual rate of variation change . c . d . 2recession (ompass error

____ 1:6. ,he heading of the vessel is indicated by what part of the compass? a (ompass card . b &ubber/s line . c . d . 4eedle Gimbals

____ 1:8. .s a vessel changes course to starboard, the compass card in a magnetic compass? a . b . c . d . >irst turns to starboard then counterclockwise to port .lso turn to starboard ,urns counterclockwise to port *emains aligned with the compass north

____ 1:9. "t is a stand to which a compass is mounted? a (ompass stand . b %innacle . c . d . (ompass mount .ny of the above

____ 11:. ,he magnetic compass operates on the principle that? a . b . c . d . &ike magnetic poles attract @nlike magnetic poles repel @nlike poles attract ,he poles of the compass line up with the geographic poles of the earth

____ 111. What is the advantage of the magnetic compass aboard vessels? a (ompass error is negligible at or near the earth/s magnetic poles

. b "t does not have to be checked as often . c "t is reliable due to its essential simplicity . d .ll points on the compass rose are readily visible .

____ 11!. ,he hori ontal angle contained between ,rue north and 'agnetic north? a 0eviation . b (ompass error . c . d . Gyro error )ariation

____ 11+. ,he process of converting compass directions to true direction? a (orrecting a compass . b @ncorrecting a compass . c . d . solving gyro error solving magnetic error

____ 11-. ,he process of converting ,rue directions to compass directions? a (orrecting a compass . b @ncorrecting a compass . c . d . ,aking gyro error 7olving magnetic error

____ 111. .n instrument designed to measure direction? a G27 . b 7atellite . c . d . (ompass . imuth circle

____ 113. ,he hori ontal angle between 'agnetic north and compass north? a )ariation . b 0eviation . c . d . (ompass error Gyro error

____ 116. ,he hori ontal angle between ,rue north and compass north?

a )ariation . b 0eviation .

c . d .

(ompass error Gyro error

____ 118. ,he hori ontal angle between a ,rue bearing and Gyro bearing? a (ompass error . b Gyro error . c . d . )ariation 0eviation

____ 119. . compass which depends on the earth/s magnetic field for its directive force? a Gyro compass . b 'agnetic compass . c . d . 2endulous compass 0ummy compass

____ 1!:. 'agnetic compass operates on the principle that? a . b . c . d . &ike magnetic poles attract @nlike magnetic poles repel @nlike poles attract ,he poles of the compass line up with the geographic poles of the earth

____ 1!1. "t is the process of neutrali ing undesired magnetic effects on a magnetic compass? a (ompass adjustment . b (ompass compensation . c . d . (ompass rectification .lignment

____ 1!!. ,he deviation that changes sign appro#imately each 9: degrees change of heading caused by induced magnetism in the hori ontal soft iron is called? a Luadrantal deviation . b 7emiBcircular deviation . c . d . (onstant deviation *esidual deviation

____ 1!+. "t is the part of the compass on which the direction graduations are placed? a (ompass card . b Graduation card . c . d . (ompass bowl &ubber/s line

____ 1!-. "t is the stand in which a compass is mounted? a (ompass stand . b %innacle . c . d . (ompass mount Gimbals

____ 1!1. Which statement about the flinders bar of the magnetic compass is correct? a . b . c . d . (ompensates for the error caused by the vertical component of the earth/s magnetic field (ompensates for the error caused by the heeling of a vessel (ompensates for the ;uadrantal deviation 4eeded in e;uatorial waters

____ 1!3. "t is also called as the ero degree longitude? a "0& . b G', . c . d . 2rime meridian >irst meridian

____ 1!6. "t is the angular distance between the prime meridian and the meridian of a point on the earth? a &atitude . b &ongitude . c . d . $;uator 2rime meridian

____ 1!8. "t is a great circle midway between the poles? a 2arallel of latitude . b $;uator . c . d . 'eridian 2arallel of longitude

____ 1!9. ,he angular distance from the e;uator measured northward or southward along a meridian? a &ongitude . b 2arallel of longitude . c . d . &atitude "0&

____ 1+:. "t is the numerical difference of the latitudes if the places are on the same side of the e;uator, and the sum of the latitudes if the places are on the opposite side? a 0lo . b 0lat . c . d . 0eparture 0istance

____ 1+1. ,he hori ontal direction in which a vessel is intended to be steered, e#pressed as the angular distance from north clockwise through +3: degrees? a ,rack . b (ourse . c . d . ?eading ,rue course

____ 1+!. "s the position of one point relative to another? a %earing . b (ourse . c . d . 0irection ,rack

____ 1++. "t is the direction in whick a vessel is pointed at any given moment, clockwise from ::: degrees through +3: degrees? a 0irection . b (ourse . c . d . ,rack ?eading

____ 1+-. @nit of speed used in navigation? a 'ph . b Aph . c . d . Anot 'sec

____ 1+1. "s the direction of one terrestrial point from another e#pressed as angular distance from ::: degrees clockwise through +3: degrees?

a %earing . b ?eading .

c . d .

(ourse ,rack

____ 1+3. $,. in navigation means? a $mergency towing appliance . b $lectronic time adjustment . c . d . $lectronic target ac;uisition $stimated time of arrival

____ 1+6. ,he distance between two meridians at any parallel of latitude e#pressed in distance units is called? a 0lo . b 0lat . c . d . 0eparture .rrival latitude

____ 1+8. . circle on the surface of the earth that is parallel to the plane of the e;uator? a 2arallel of latitude . b 2arallel of longitude . c . d . "0& 2rime meridian

____ 1+9. &atitude 1 is -: deg. 4orth, latitude ! is -: deg. 7outh. >ind dlat? a 8: deg. 7outh . b 8: deg. 4orth . c . d . (annot be determined Kero

____ 1-:. ?ow many meters is e;uivalent to 1 nautical mile? a 1::: . b 1:: . c . d . 181! 181.!

____ 1-1. .re graphic representations of areas of the earth for use in marine or air navigation? a 'aps . b 2lans . c . d . (harts .tlas

____ 1-!. .lso called as mariners speedometer? a $cho sounder . b &og . c . d . >athometer Gps

____ 1-+. "t is the actual speed of the vessel over the surface of the earth? a 7<G . b 7'G . c . d . 7<. Anot

____ 1--. ,he meridian that divides the earth into east and west? a "0& . b 2rime meridian . c . d . $;uator &ongitude

____ 1-1. . line drawn on a chart e#tending on the direction of a course? a *humbline . b ?eading . c . d . 0irection (ourse line

____ 1-3. "t is the bearing of an object with reference to the ships heading? a ,rue bearing . b *elative bearing . c . d . %earing line (ourse line

____ 1-6. 11 degrees of latitude is e;ual to? a 3:: miles . b 9:: miles . c . d . 1!:: miles 11:: miles

____ 1-8. . plane perpendicular to the polar a#is will never form what line on the earth/s surface? a Great circle . c . 7mall circle

b $;uator .

d .

'eridian

____ 1-9. . vessel on an easterly course traveling to a different time one will adjust its clock by? a 2utting the clock retard . b 2utting the clock in advance . c . d . 2utting the clock as it is .djust the date ahead

____ 11:. ,he vessel on a westerly course travelling to a different time one will adjust its clock by? a 2utting the clock retard . b 2utting the clock in advance . c . d . 2utting the clock as it is .djust the date behind

Terrestrial Navigation Item Analysis 1 Answer Section

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