Bi tp chng 1

1.1 Hi nhit ca l nung bng bao nhiu nu bit mi giy l pht ra mt nng lng bng 8,28 calo qua mt l nh c kch thc bng 6,1cm2. Xem l nung l mt vt en tuyt i. 1.2 Tm cng sut bc x ca mt l nung, cho bit nhit ca l bng t = 7270C, din tch ca ca l bng 250cm2. Xem l l vt en tuyt i. 1.3 Vt en tuyt i c dng mt qu cu ng knh d = 10cm nhit T khng i. Tm nhit T, cho bit cng sut bc x nhit cho bng 12kcalo/pht. 1.4 Nhit ca si dy tc vonfram ca bng n in lun bin i v c t nng bng dng in xoay chiu. Hiu s gia nhit cao nht v thp nht bng 800C, nhit trung bnh bng 2300K. Hi cng sut bc x nhit bin i bao nhiu ln, xem dy tc bng n l vt en tuyt i. 1.5 Nhit ca vt en tuyt i tng t 1000 K n 3000 K. Hi: (a) Nng sut pht x nhit ton phn ca n tng bao nhiu ln? (b) Bc sng ng vi nng sut pht x cc i thay i bao nhiu ln? 1.6 Mt vt en tuyt i nhit T1= 2900 K. Do vt b ngui i nn bc sng ng vi nng sut pht x cc i thay i = 9m. Hi vt lnh n nhit bng bao nhiu? 1.7 Nhit trn b mt lp da ca bn gn bng 350C. Tnh bc sng ng vi nng sut bc x cc i pht ra t lp da ca bn? 1.8 Tnh nng lng photon theo n v eV ng vi cc tn s: (a) 5.1014Hz, (b) 10GHz, (c) 30MHz. 1.9 Mt i radio FM c cng sut 100kW v hot ng vi tn s 94MHz. Hi c bao nhiu photon pht ra mi giy t i ny? 1.10 Cng sut bc x nhit ca Mt Tri l 3,74.1026W. Gi s bc x pht ra t Mt Tri c bc sng 500nm. Hy tm s photon pht ra t Mt Tri trong mi giy? 1.11 Tm gii hn quang in i vi cc kim loi c cng thot 2,4eV, 2,3eV, 2eV. 1.12 Gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng lm catt ca t bo quang in 0= 0,5m. Tm: (a) Cng thot ca electron khi tm kim loi . (b) Vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang electron khi catt c chiu bng nh sng n sc bc sng = 0,25m. 1.13 Chiu mt bc x in t n sc bc sng = 0,41m ln mt kim loi dng lm catt ca t bo quang in th c hin tng quang in xy ra. Nu dng mt hiu in th hm 0,76V th cc quang electron bn ra u b gi li.Tm:
(a) Cng thot ca electron i vi kim loi . (b) Vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang electron khi bn ra khi catt. 1.14 Cng thot ca kim loi dng lm catod ca t bo quang in W 0 = 2,48eV. Tm: (a) Gii hn quan in ca tm kim loi . (b) Vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang electron khi catod c chiu bng nh sng n sc bc sng = 0,36m. (c) Hiu in th hm khng c mt electron no n c anod. 1.15 Khi chiu mt chm nh sng c bc sng = 0,234m vo mt kim loi dng lm catod ca t bo quang in th c hin tng quang in xy ra. Bit tn s gii hn ca catod 0= 6.1014Hz. Tm: (a) Cng thot ca electron i vi kim loi .

(b) Hiu in th hm khng c mt electron no n c anod. 1.16 Tm nng lng v ng lng ca photon ng vi bc sng = 0,6m. 1.17 Tm nng lng v ng lng ca photon ng vi bc sng = 10-12m. 1.18 Photon c nng lng 250keV bay n va chm vi mt electron ng yn v tn x Compton theo gc 1200. Xc nh nng lng ca photon sau tn x? 1.19 Photon ban u c nng lng 0,8MeV tn x trn mt electron t do v thnh photon ng vi bc x c bc sng bng bc sng Compton. Tnh: (a) Gc tn x. (b) Nng lng ca photon tn x. 1.20 Tnh nng lng v ng lng ca photon tn x khi photon ti c bc sng = 5.10-12m n va chm vo electron t do v tn x theo gc 600 v 900. 1.21 Trong hin tng tn x Compton, bc x tia X c bc sng n tn x trn electron t do. Tm bc sng , cho bit ng nng cc i ca electron bn ra bng 0,19MeV. 1.22 Tm ng lng ca electron khi c photon bc sng = 0,05A0 n va chm v tn x theo gc = 900. Gi s lc u electron ng yn. 1.23 Mt vt bc x nhit c xem l vt en tuyt i, pht ra cc bc x in t c bc sng . Nu nhit ca vt l 300oC th vt pht x mnh bc sng no? Cho hng s Wien b = 2,9.103mK. 1.24 Khi nhit ca vt en tuyt i tng ln hai ln th bc sng ng vi cc i ca nng sut pht x ca vt s tng hay gim bao nhiu ln? 1.25 Cng sut bc x ca vt en tuyt i thay i nh th no, nu bc sng ng vi nng sut pht x cc i ca n gim hai ln? 1.26 nh sng c bc sng 600nm trong chn khng th tn s ca n l bao nhiu? 1.27 Mt photon c tn s 4.108 MHz th c bc sng trong chn khng bng bao nhiu? 1.28 Photon c bc sng = 0,4m th c khi lng bao nhiu? 1.29 B mt ca mt vt en tuyt i bc x mt cng sut P = 105kW. Bc sng ng vi cc i ca nng sut pht l max = 0,6 m. Cho bit: = 5,67.108W/m2K4; b = 2,9.10 3 mK. Tnh din tch b mt ca vt . 1.30 Chiu mt chm sng n sc = 0,3m vung gc vo mt din tch 4cm2. Tnh cng ca chm sng ti, bit s photon p vo din tch trong mi giy l 9,04.1013ht. 1.31 Mt vt bc x nhit coi l vt en tuyt i, pht ra cc bc x in t c bc sng . Nu nhit ca vt l 300oC th vt pht x mnh bc sng no? Cho hng s Wien b = 2,9.103mK. 1.32 Nng lng nh nht ca phton kch thch hin tng quang in xy ra i vi mt kim loi l 1,9eV. Tnh gii hn quang in ca kim lai ? 1.33 nh sng c bc sng = 0,55.106 m chiu vo b mt mt kim loi gy nn hiu ng quang in. Electron bn ra c ng nng cc i bng 0,26 eV. Hy xc nh cng thot ca vt liu . Cho bit: h = 6,625.1034 J.s ; c = 3.108m/s; 1 eV = 1,6.1019 J.

1.34 Cng sut bc x ca mt vt en tuyt i bng 105 kW. Tm din tch b mt bc x ca vt nu bc sng ng vi nng sut pht x cc i ca n bng 0,7m. Cho hng s Wien: b = 2,9.103 mK. 1.35 B mt kim loi nng chy c din tch 10cm2, mi pht bc x mt nng lng 6.104J. Tnh nhit ca kim loi nng chy , xem n l vt en tuyt i. Cho hng s Stefan Boltzmann l = 5,7.108 W/m2K4. 1.36 Mt l luyn kim c ca s quan st rng 4cm x 6cm, pht x vi cng sut 10kW. Xc nh nhit ca l, bit rng nng sut pht x ton phn ca l ch bng 60% nng sut pht x tan phn ca vt en tuyt i cng nhit . Cho hng s Stefan Boltzmann: = 5,7.108W/m2K4. 1.37 Mt l luyn kim hot ng ch n nh khi nhit ca l l 2500K. nhit ny l pht ra mnh nht bc sng no? Cho hng s Wien: b = 2,9.103mK. 1.38 Mt l nung c nhit nung 10000K ca s quan st c din tch 250cm2. Xc nh cng sut bc x ca ca s nu coi l l vt en tuyt i. Cho hng s: = 5,7.108 (W/m2K4). 1.39 Gii hn trong hin tng quang in i vi xri l 0,653m. Xc nh nng lng nh nht ca photon kch thch hin tng quang in xy ra. 1.40 Mt t bo quang in lm bng kim loi c gii hn quang in l 0= 0,578 m. Chiu vo t bo quang in nh sng c bc sng bng 0 . Tnh cng thot electron ca kim loi . 1.41 Nhit ca si dy tc trong bng n ang pht sng l 25000K. T s gia nng sut pht x ton phn ca dy tc trong bng n so vi vt en tuyt i cng nhit bng 0,3. Tm din tch b mt bc x ca si tc bng n. Bit cng sut tiu th in ca bng n l 25W v xem in nng chuyn ha hon ton thnh nng lng ca bc x in t. Cho = 5,67.108W/m2K4. 1.42 Mt t bo quang in lm bng kim loi c gii hn quang in l 0=0,578m. Chiu vo t bo quang in nh sng c bc sng bng 0 . Tnh cng thot ca electron trn b mt kim loi trn v vn tc ca electron quang in khi n anod bit hiu in th gia anod v catod l 4,5V. 1.43 Trong hin tng tn x Compton, bin i bc sng ca photon trc v sau khi tn x s ln nht khi gc tn x ca photon bng bao nhiu?