CHAPTER 13

SURFACE AREAS AND VOLUMES

EXERCISE-13.1
Unless stated otherwise, take = 1. 2 Cubes each of volume 64cm 3 are joined end to end. Find the surface area of the resulting cuboid. Volume of cube = 64 cm3 = a3 a=364 = 4 =16% s&. cm

4 4 4

4 4

4 4 4

Surface area of cuboid = 4 ! " ! 4# $ 4 ! 4 ! 2#

2. ' vessel is in the form of a hollo( hemis)here mounted b* a hollo( c*linder. +he diameter of the hemis)here is 14 cm and total height of the vessel is 13 cm. Find three inner surface area of the vessel. Surface area of hemis)here = 2,r 2 = 2 ! ! -2 = 3%" Surface area of c*lindrical vessel = 2,rh = 2 ! ! - ! 6 =264 cm 14 cm .nner surface area of vessel = 3%" $ 264 = /-2 cm 2
16
2

3. ' to* is in the form of a cone of radius 3./ cm mounted on a hemis)here of same radius. +he total height of the to* is 1/./ cm. Find the total surface area of the to*. Surface area of hemis)here = 2,r 2 = 2 ! ! 3./2 = -- cm2 Surface area of cone = ,rl = ! 3./ ! 12./ = 13-./ cm 2 +otal surface area = -- $ 13-./ = 214./ cm 2
7 cm 3.50 12.5 12

4. ' cubical bloc0 of side - cm is surmounted b* a hemis)here. 3reatest diameter =- cm Surface area of hemis)here =2,r2=2 ! ! 3./2 = -- cm2 Surface area of cube = - ! - ! 6 = 244 cm
2

1hat is the

greatest diameter the hemis)here can have2 Find the surface area of the solid.

E B

A 7 cm

Surface area of hemicircle bo! = ,r2 = ! 3./2 = 3"./ +otal surface area = -- $ 244 5 3"./ = 332./ cm2

F 7 cm

D 7 cm (ooden /. ' hemis)herical de)ression is cut out from one faceCof a cubical bloc0

such that the diameter l of the hemis)here is e&ual to the edge of the cube. 6etermine the surface area of the remaining solid.
l

l l l

Surface area of cube = 6l2 Surface area of hemis)here = 2,r 2=2 ! ! #2 = l2 Surface area of the to) surface of hemis)here = ,r 2= ! #2 = l2 +otal surface area = 6l2 $ l2 5 l2 6l2 $ l2 = 6l2 $ l2 6. ' medicine ca)sule is in the sha)e of a c*linder (ith t(o hemis)heres stuc0 to each of its ends see Fig. 13.1%#. Surface area of c*lindrical )ortion +otal surface area == 22% -. ' tent is in the sha)e of a c*linder surmounted b* a conical to). .f the height and diameter of the c*lindrical )art are 2.1 m and 4 m res)ectivel*9 and the slant height of the to) is 2."m9 find the area of the canvas used for ma0ing the tent. 'lso9 find the cost of the canvas of the tent at the rate of :s /%% )er m2. ;ote that the base of the tent (ill not be covered (ith canvas#. Surface area of c*linder = 2,rh = 2 ! ! 2 ! 2.1 +otal surface area = 72 ! ! 2 ! 2.18 5 7 ! 2 ! 2."8 = $ = 44 m2 :ate of canvas = :s./%%<m2 Cost of canvas = /%% ! 44 = :s.22%%% Surface area of cone = ,rl = ! 2 ! 2."
14 m

= 2,rh = 2 ! ! 2./ ! 4 2.5

2.5

Surface area of hemis)here = 2,r 2 = 2 ! ! 2./2 = 72 ! ! 2./ ! 48 $ 72 ! ! 2./28

5m

2. 8

2.1 m

". From a solid c*linder (hose height is 2.4 cm and diameter 1.4 cm9 a conical cavit* of the same height and same diameter is hollo(ed out. Find the total surface area of the remaining solid to the nearest cm2. Slant height of cone = 2.42 $ %.-2# = 2./ Surface area of cone = ,rl = ! %.- ! 2./ = /./ +otal area =1%./6 $ /./ $ 2.2 = 1".26 cm
2

4m
1.4 cm

Surface area of c*linder = 2,rh = 2 ! ! %.- ! 2.4 = 1%./6 cm 2

4. ' (ooden article (as made b* scoo)ing out a hemis)here from each end of a solid c*linder9 as sho(n in Fig> 13.11. .f the height of the c*linder is 1% cm9 and its base is of radius 3./cm9 find the total surface area of the article. Surface area of c*linder = 2,rh = 2 ! ! 3./ ! 1% = 22% cm 2
10 cm

2.5 c

=ottom surface = ,r2 = ! %.-2 = 2.2 cm2

2.4 cm

3.5

Surface area of hemis)here = 2,r 2 = 2 ! ! 3./2 = -- cm2 +otal surface area =22% $ -- $ -- = 3-4 cm 2

EXERCISE 13.2
?nless stated other(ise9 ta0e ,= 1. ' solid is in the sha)e of a cone standing on a hemis)here (ith both their radii being e&ual to 1 cm and the height of the cone is e&ual to its radius. Find the volume of the solid in terms of ,. Volume of hemis)here = ! , ! r 3 = Volume of cone = ! , ! r2h = +otal volume = ! ,# $ ! # = cm 3
1 cm

! ,
1 cm

! 12 ! 1 =

2. :achel9 an engineer student9 (as as0ed to ma0e a model sha)ed li0e a c*linder (ith t(o cones attached at its t(o ends b* using a thin aluminium sheet. +he diameter of the model is 3 cm and its length is 12cm. .f each cone has a height of 2cms9 find the volume of air contained in the model that :achel made. 'ssume the outer and inner dimensions of the model to be nearl* the same.# Volume of c*linder = ,r2h = Volume of cone = +otal volume = # $ 2! # = ! 1./2 ! " = ! ! 1./2 ! 2 =
3 cm 2 8 2

! , ! r 2h =

= 66 cm 3

3. ' gulab jamun9 contains sugar s*ru) u) to about 3%@ of its volume. Find a))ro!imatel* ho( much s*ru) (ould be found in 4/ gulab jamuns9 each
2.2 sha)ed li0e a c*linder (ith t(o hemis)herical ends (ith length / cm and

diameter 2."cm see Fig. 13./#. Volume of c*linder = ,r2h Volume of hemis)here = +otal volume = ,r2h = = ,r2 h $ r# = ! , ! r3 ! , ! r3 ! 1.42 ! ! 1.4# = 2/ cm3 5 cm ! 2/ = -./ cm 3 2.2 $
2.8 cm

Sugar s*ru) in one gulab jamun =

Sugar s*ru) in 4/ gulab jamun = 4/ ! -./ = 33-./ cm 3 = 33"cm3 4. ' )en stand made of (ood is in the sha)e of a cuboid (ith four conical de)ression to hold )ens. +he dimensions of the cuboid (ith four conical are 1/ cm b* 1%cm b* 3./ cm. +he radius of each of the de)ressions is %./ cm and the de)th is 1.4 cm. Find the volume of (ood in the entire stand see Fig. 13.16# Volume of )en stand cuboid = bdl = 1% ! 3./ ! 1/ = /2/ cm 3 Volume of each de)ression = ,r 2h = Volume of four de)ressions = +otal volume = /2/ 5 = ! ! %.2/2 ! 1.4 =
1.4 cm 0.5 dia x depth

= /22.43
1

/. ' vessel is in the form of an inverted cone. .ts height is " cm and the radius of 3.5 cm
0c cm 15 1hen m u) to the brim. its to)9 (hich is o)en9 is / cm. .t is filled (ith (ater lead

shots9 each of (hich is a s)here of radius %./ cm are dro))ed into the vessel9 one5 fourth of the (ater flo(s out. Find the number of lead shots dro))ed in the vessel. Volume of cone = ,r2h = Ane form of cone volume = Volume of a lead short = ,r3 = ;o. of shots = ! = 1%% ! ! /2 ! " = cm3 = cm 3 ! ! % ./3 = cm3

6. ' solid iron )ole consists of a c*linder of height 22% cm and base diameter 24 cm9 (hich is surmounted b* another c*linder
8 cm

Volume of bottom c*linder = ,r2h = 3.14 ! 122 ! 22% = 444-/.2 cm3 Volume of to) c*linder = ,r2h = 3.14 ! "2 ! 6% = 12%/-.6 cm3 +otal volume = 444-/.2 $ 12%/-.6 = 11/32." cm 3
220 cm 60 cm

24 cm

Bass of 1 cm3 iron =" grams Bass of iron )ole = 111/32." ! " = "42262.4 grams = "42.262 0g -. ' solid consisting of a right circular cone of height 12%cm and radius 6% cm standing on a hemis)here of radius 6% cm is )laced u)right in a right circular c*linder full of (ater such that it touches the bottom. Find the volume of (ater left in the c*linder9 if the radius of the c*linder is 6% cm and its height is 1"% cm. Volume of cone = ,r2h = ! ! 6%2 ! 12%
120 cm

Volume of c*linder = ,r2h = ! 6%2 ! 1"% Volume of hemis)here = ,r3 = 2 ! ! 6%3 Volume of (ater left in the c*linder = ! 6% 2 ! 1"% 5 6%3 = ! 6%2 71"% 5 12% 5 6%8
120 cm

! ! 6% 2 ! 12% C 2 ! !
60 cm

= ! 6%2D1"% 5 712% $ 12%8E = ! 6%2 ! =113142"./-1 cm3 = = 1.1314 m3 ". ' s)herical glass vessel has a c*lindrical nec0 " cm long9 2 cm in diameterF the diameter of the s)herical )art is "./ cm. =* measuring the amount of (ater it holds9 a child finds its volume to be 34/ cm 3. Chec0 (hether she is correct9 ta0ing the above as the inside measurements9 and ,=3.14. Volume of s)here = ,r3 = ! ! #3 = 321.342 Volume of c*linder nec0 = ,r2h = ! 12 ! " = 2/.12 +otal volume = 321.342 $ 2/.12 = 346./12 cm 3
8.5 cm 2 cm 8 cm

EXERCISE-13.3

1. ' metallic s)here of radius 4.2 cm is melted and recast into the sha)e of a c*linder of radius 6 cm. Find the height of the c*linder. Volume of s)here = ,r3 = :adius of c*linder = 6 cm Volume of c*linder nec0 = ,r2h = h = = 2.-4 cm 2. Betallic s)heres of radii 6 cm9 " cm9 1% cm res)ectivel*9 are melted to form a single solid s)here. Find the radius of the resulting s)here. Volume of 6 cm s)here = ,r3 = Volume of " cm s)here = ,r3 = ! Volume of 1% cm s)here = ,r3 = +otal volume = r3 = ! ! ! 63 ! "3 ! ! 1%3 ! 62 ! h = 31%.46 cm ! ! 4.2#3 = 31%.464 cm3

763 $ "3 $ 1%38 = -241.142"/- cm3

Volume of s)here = ,r3 = -241.142"/3 = 1-2" cm

3. ' 2% m dee) (ell (ith diameter - m is dug and the earth from digging is evenl* s)read out to form a )latform 22 m b* 14 m. Find the height of the )latform. 6e)th of (ell = 2% m 6iameter of (ell = -m Volume of earth = ,r2h = ! 3./2 ! 2% = --% m3 Volume of )lat form of 22m ! 14m ! h = --%9 h = 2./ m 4. ' (ell of diameter 3 m is dug 14m dee). +he earth ta0en out of it has been s)read evenl* all around it in the sha)e of a circular ring of (idth 4 m to form an emban0ment. Find the height of the emban0ment. 6iameter of (ell = 3m 6e)th of (ell = 14 m Volume of earth = ,r2h = 3.14 ! #2 ! 14 = 44 m3 Glot the siHe = 11m outside diameter ! 3 m inside diameter 'rea of )lat form = ,r12 5 ,r12 = 3.14 /./2 5 1./2# = "" cum 'rea ! height of )latform = 44 m 3 = "" ! h I = = 1.12/ cm

/. ' container sha)ed li0e a right circular c*linder having diameter 12 cm and height 1/ cm is full of ice cream. +he ice cream is to be filled into cones of height 12 cm and diameter 6cm9 having hemis)herical sha)e on the to). Find the number of such cones (hich can be filled (ith ice cream. C*linder diamond = 12 cm C*linder height = 1/ cm Volume of c*linder = ,r2h = 3.14 ! 62 ! 1/ Cone diameter = 6 cm Cone height = 12 cm Cone volume = ,r2h Volume of hemis)here = ,r3 = ! 3.14 ! 33 +otal volume of ice cream cone = ;o of cones = = = 1% ! 32 4 $ 2# = ! 4 ! 6

6. Io( man* silver coins9 1.-/ cm in diameter and of thic0ness 2 mm9 must be melted to form a cuboid of dimensions /./ cm!1% cm!3./cm2 Cubic Volume = /./ ! 1% ! 3./ = 142./ cm 2 Volume of each coin = ,r2h = ;o of coins = = 4%% ! %."-/2 ! %.2 = %.4"12/

-. ' c*linder buc0et9 32 cm high and (ith radius of base 1"cm9 is filled (ith sand. +his buc0et is em)tied on the ground and a conical hea) of sand is formed. .f the height of the conical hea) is 24 cm9 find the radius and slant height of the hea). Volume of buc0et = ,r2h = ! 1"2 ! 32 = 32/"/.142"6 cm 3 Volume of conical hea) = ,r2h = 32/"/.142"6 r2 = = 1246 r= 36 cm Slant height of hea) = r2$h2# = 362 $ 242 = 1213 ". 1ater in a canal96 m (ide and 1./m dee)9 is flo(ing (ith a s)eed of 1%0m<h. Io( much area (ill it irrigate in 3% minutes9 if " cm of standing (ater is needed. Flo( of (ater in canal<mtr = 6 ! 1./ ! 1%%%% = 4%%%%% m 3 Flo( of (ater in canal<3% minutes = 4/%%%% m3

Volume of (ater to irrigation<m2 = 1 ! 1 ! = %.%%"m3 'rea of irrigation = = /62/%% m2 = = /%.2/ m2 4. ' farmer connects a )i)e of diameter 2% cm from a canal into a c*lindrical tan0 in her field9 (hich is 1% m in diameter and 2 m dee). .f (ater flo(s through the )i)e at the rate of 3 0m<h9 in ho( much time (ill the tan0 be filled2 Volume of c*lindrical cone = ,r2h = 3.14 ! /2 ! 2 = 1/-.142"/-1 cum 1ater flo( in )i)e<hr = ,r2v = 73.14 ! 82 ! 3%%% = 44.2"/-1424 0m<hr +ime ta0en to fill the tan0 = minutes = 1.666 hrs = 1.666 ! 6% = 44.46 = 1%%

EXERCISE 13.4
?nless stated other(ise9 ta0e ,= 1. ' drin0ing glass is in the sha)e of a frustum of a cone of height 14 cm and 2 cm. Find the ca)acit* of the glass. Volume of frustum of cone = , r12$r22$r1r2# = ! 3.14 ! 14 22 $ 12 $ 2 ! 1# = 1%2.66 cum
h r1

2. +he slant height of a cone is 4 cm and the )erimeters circumference# of its r

2

2 circular ends are 1" cms and 6 cms. Find the curved surface Parea of the frustum.

Gerimeter at largest end =1" = 2,r1 = 2 ! 3.14 ! r1 : = Gerimeter at smallest end = 6 = 2,r 2 = 2 ! 3.14 ! r2 :2 = Curved surface of frustrum = , r 1$r2#l = 3.14 ! 4"
B r1

$ # ! 4 = 3.14 # ! 4 =

3. ' feH9 the ca) used b* the truc0s9 is sha)ed li0e the frustrum of a cone see Fig.13.24#. .f its radius on the o)en side is 1% cm9 radius at the u))er base is 4 cm and its slant height is 1/ cm9 find the area of material used for ma0ing it. Curved surface area = , r1$r2#l = 3.14 ! +otal surface area = 66% ! 1% $ 4# 1/ = 66% cm 2 4
15

'rea of to) surface = ,r2 = 3.14 ! 42 = cm2 = 66% $ /% = -1% cm 2

10

4. ' container9 o)ened from the to) and made u) of a metal sheet9 is in the form of a frustum of a cone of height 16 cm (ith radii of its lo(er and u))er ends as " cm and 2% cm9 res)ectivel*. Find the cost of the mil0 (hich can com)letel* fill the container9 at the rate of :s 2% )er litre. 'lso find the cost of metal sheet used to ma0e the container9 if it costs :s" )er 1%% cm2. +a0e ,=3.14# Volume of frustrum cone = ,h r12$r22# = = = Cost of 1 ltr=:s 2% +otal cost of mil0 =!2%=2%4.1"
! 16

! 3.14 ! 16 2%2$"2$2%!"#
20 cm F "

! 3.14 ! 624 cm3

B

= ltr

J9 slant height = h2$ r15r2##= 162$ 2%."#2=162$122=2% Curved surface area =, r1$r2#l=3.14 2%$"#!2%=3.14!2"!2% 'rea of bottom surface=,r2=3.14!"2=

E 8 cm

+oatal surface area =3.14!2"!2%$3.14!64=3.14 2"!2%$64#=3.14!624 Cost of metal <1%% cm2=:s." Cost of total metal sheet =!"=1/6."4 /. ' metallic right circular cone 2% cm high and (hose vertical angle is 6%% is cut into t(o )arts at the middle of its height b* a )lane )arallel to its base. .f the frustrum so obtained be dra(n into (ire of diameter cm9 find the length of the (ire. =Cos 3%9 'C==!2 '===C =Cos 3%9 'F==9 'K=KF Volume of cone '=C = ,h r12#= !3.14!!2%= 2-43.66 cm3 Volume of cone 'KF = = , r2 #h= !3.14!!1%=344.21 cm 1ire diameter =cm Cross section of line =,! #=%.%%3%64 Jength of (ire ==-46444.44 cm=-464.44 m
2 3

60# E "
10 cm 3

20 cm

Volume of bottom cone= 2-43.66$344.21=2444.44 cm 33

B

60# D
20

60#
cm

EXERCISE-13.5(Optio !"#$

1. ' co))er (ire9 3 mm in diameter9 is (ound about a c*linder (hose length is 12 cm9 and diameter 1% cm 9 so as to cover surface of the c*linder. Find the length and mass of the (ire9 assuming the densit* of co))er to be ".""g )er cm 3. 1ire diameter d = 3 mm = %.3 cm C*linder diameter = 1% cm C*linder length = 12 cm C*linder Surface area = 2,rh = 2 ! ! / ! 12 = 3--.142"/-1 cm 2 ;o. of rounds that can be (ound on a 12 cm length = Volume of (ire ""."4-4/41- cm3 6ensing of co))er (ire = ".""4 < cm 3 Bass of (ire re&uired = ""."4-4/41- ! "."" = -"4 .413"--/ g 2. ' right triangle9 (hose sides are 3 cm9 4 cm other than h*)otenuse# is made to revolve about its h*)otenuse. Find the volume and surface area of the double cone so formed. Chose value of , as found a))ro)riate# Cos = F = Cos51 = /3.13%1%23/ = 4% C /3.13%1%23/ = 36."64"4-6/ = Cos /3.13%1%23/ =K = =C ! Cos /3.13%1%23/ = 1." KC = =C ! Sin /3.13%1%23/ = 2.4 Volume of Cone '6C Volume of Cone '6C +otal Volume = = = = = Surface area of Cone '6C Surface area of Cone 6=C ,r2h
2

12 cm

= 4%

Jength of (ire = 2,r ! ; = 2 ! ! / ! 4% = 12/-.142"/- cm = ,r2 ! Jength of (ire = ! %.1/ 2 ! 12/-.142"/- =

4 D 5 3 E
8 1.
4 2.

3
2

! ! 2.4 ! / C 1."# = 14.3 cm ,r2h ! ! 2.42 ! 1."# = 1%."6 cm2 34.3 $ 1%."6 = 3%.16 cm3 = =

, ! l = ! 2.4 ! 4 = 3%.12 , ! l = ! 2.4 ! 3 = 22.62

+otal Surface area = 3%.1- $ 22.62 = /2.-4 cm 2 3. ' cistern9 internall* measuring 1/% cm! 12%cm!11%cm9 has 1246%%cm3 of (ater in it. Gorous bric0s are )laced in the (ater until the cistern s full to the brim. Kach bric0 absorbs one5seventeeth of its o(n volume of (ater. Io( man* bric0s can be )ut in (ithout overflo(ing the (ater9 each bric0 being 22./cm!-./cm!6./cm. Volume of Cistern = 14"%%%% C 1243%% = 14"%%%% cm 3

1ater inside Cistern = 1246%% cm3 Vacant Glace = 14"%%%% C 1246%% = 1"/%4%% cm3 Volume of each =ric0 = 22./ ! -./ ! 6./ = 1%46."-/ cm3 ;o. of =ric0s re&uired if no ano L.. = = 16"6.4-43/4 ;o. of LLLL =ric0s re&uired = 16"6. 4-43/4 1 $ # = 1424. .n the one fortnight of a given month9 there (as a rainfall of 1% cm in a valle*. .f the area of the valle* is 4-2"% 0m29 sho( that the total rainfall (as a))ro!imatel* e&uivalent to the addition to the normal (ater of three rivers each 1%-2 0m long9 -/m (ide and 3m dee). 'rea of valle* = 4-2"% 0m2 :ainfall = 1%cm +otal rainfall = 4-2"% ! = 4.-2" 0m3 Kach river volume = 1%-2 ! ! = %.2412 0m3 Volume of 3 rivers = %.2412 ! 3 ! %.-236 0m3 /. 'n oil funnel made of tin sheet consists of a 1% cm long c*lindrical )ortion attached to a frustrum of a cone. .f the total height is 22 cm9 diameter of the c*lindrical )ortion is " cm and diameter of the to) of the funnel is 1" cm9 find the area of the tin sheet re&uired to ma0e funnel. see Fig. 13.2/# 18 cm Surface area of c*linder = 2 , r h = 2 ! ! 4 ! 1% = Surface are of frustrum of Cone = , ! l r1 $ r2# J = h2 $ r1 $ r2#2# = 122 $ 42 C 42## = 13 Surface area = ! 13 ! 4 $ 4# = = -"2 6. 6erive the formula for the curved surface area and total surface area of the frustum of a cone9 given to *ou in section 13./9 using the s*mbols are e!)lained. Jargest diameter of Cone = '= = 2 ! r1 Small diameter of Cone = C6 = 2 ! r2 Ieight of frustrum of Cone = GM = h
h1
A P
8 cm

22 cm 10 cm

r1

"

!1
C
$

! r2
D

l = Slang height of frustrum of Cone = h2 $ r1 $ r2#2# = F =A = = Surface area of frustrum = = , ! r1 ! =A 5 , r2 =A C l# 5 l# = 5 , r2

!2

h2

= , l r1 $ r2#

Surface area of Jarge side = , r12 Surface area of small side = , r22 +otal area = , J r1 $ r2# $ , r12 $ ,r22

-. 6erive the formula for the volume of the frustrum of a cone9 given to *ou in section 13./9 using the s*mbols are e!)lained. Ieight of Furstrum of Cone = h Ieight of Cone = Volume of Frustrum = ,r2 ! h1 5 ,r2 h1 C h# = , r12 ! h1 C r22 h15h# = , 7 = ,7 = ,7 8 = ,h7 8 = ,h = ,h # #
r1

5 r22 5 r22

5 h# 8 #8
h1 r2

= , h r12 $ r22 $ r1 r2# r1 5 r2#