Government at a Glance 2013

www.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm

Country Fact Sheet

Denmark
Did you know?
Over 9 out of 10 citizens in Denmark aged 25-34 use the internet to interact with public authorities, the highest level across OECD countries. The share of government expenditures in Denmark accounted for 57.6% of GDP, the highest ratio within the OECD. Denmark allocates the highest share of government expenditures towards social protection with 43.8%, and the lowest towards public order and safety with 2.0%.

Strategic Governance Women in Government

Public Finance & Economics Public Procurement

Budget Practices & Procedures Open and Inclusive Government

Public Employment & Pay Serving Citizens

How to read the figures:

(not represented if not available)

Country value in blue

Denmark

Average of OECD countries in green

OECD

Range of OECD country values in grey

Values have been rounded

Strategic Governance
Trust in government
% of citizens who have condence in their national government (2007 & 2012)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Impact of the tax system and grants on reducing income inequality

Differences in income inequality before and after tax and government transfers (2010)
Gini Coefficient
Higher inequality

Percentage point change 2007-2012

2007
Denmark

59 53 45 40
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

2012 2007

-6

Gini Coefficient
0.6
Higher inequality

0.6 0.5

OECD

2012

-5
Lower inequality

0.4 0.3 0.2

0.43
t sa axe n d tr

0.47
fe ans rs tax es a nd

0.5
tra nsf ers

0.4 0.3 0.2

Lower inequality

0.25
After Before

0.31
After

Before

Source: Gallup World Poll

Public sector efficiency

Education: performance in PISA reading scores and expenditure per student (aged 6 to 15) in USD PPP (2009)
PISA Reading Score
550
Higher score

Denmark

OECD Source: OECD Income Distribution Database

Fiscal sustainability
PISA Reading Expenditure

Total consolidation requirements between 2012 and 2030 in order to reduce government debt to 60% of GDP
% of potential GDP 15

500 Denmark 450 OECD 0 50 000 100 000 150 000 200 000

495

USD 109 000

0.0% 495
USD 83 500
Denmark

10

Lower score

400

3.0%
OECD

Expenditure per student aged 6 to 15 (USD PPP)

Source: OECD Education at a Glance 2012

Note: In Denmark, no consolidation is needed to achieve the 60% debt-to-GDP ratio by 2030. Source: OECD Economic Outlook No. 93 (May 2013)

Public Finance and Economics

Government revenues (2011)
% of GDP

Government expenditures (2011)

% of GDP

Fiscal balance (2011)

% of GDP

Government debt (2011)

% of GDP

55.7%
Denmark Denmark

57.6%
Denmark

-2.0%
Denmark

60%

100% 0%

41.9%
OECD OECD

45.4%
OECD

-3.5%
OECD

79%

100%

0% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

-15% -10%

-5%

0%

+5% +10% +15%

0%

50%

100%

150%

200% 250%

Source: OECD National Accounts

Source: OECD National Accounts

Source: OECD National Accounts

Source: OECD National Accounts

Structure of government expenditures (2011)

% of total government expenditure Defence Defence Other Public order and safety Other

Public order and safety

2.4%

4.0%

3.6%

5.9%

2.0% 6.1%
Economic affairs

3.9% 10.5% 43.8%

Denmark

35.6%
Social protection
OECD

13.7%
General public services

Social protection

Economic affairs

13.6%
General public services

13.5%
Education

14.5%
Health

12.5%
Education

14.5%
Health
Source: OECD National Accounts

Budget Practices and Procedures

Fiscal rules: Types and legal foundation (2012) Use of performance budgeting practices at the central level of government (2011)
Index
Denmark OECD

0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0

0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0

Do these types If yes, what is the In how many countries of rules exist? legal foundation? do these types of rules exist? Expenditure rule(s) Revenue rule(s) Budget balance rule(s) Debt rule(s)
Legal foundations:

YES NO YES YES

IT
International Treaty

21
5

IT

L IT

28 23
R
Internal Rules/Policy

0.37
Denmark 0.2

0.38
OECD 0.5

C Constitution

Primary and/or Secondary Legislation

PC

Political Commitment

0.0

0.1

0.3

0.4

0.6

0.7

Source: OECD 2012 Survey on Budget Practices and Procedures

Source: OECD 2011 Survey on Performance Budgeting

Public Employment and Pay

Employment in general government (2011)
% of labour force

29.9%
Denmark

50% 40% 30% 20%

15.5%
OECD

10% 0%
Source: International Labour Organisation Database & OECD Labour Force Statistics

Annual compensation across central government positions (2011)

2011 USD PPP 400 000 300 000 200 000 100 000 0

2011 USD PPP

64 000

50 000

115 000

89 000

138 000 126 000

290 000 232 000

Denmark

OECD

Denmark

OECD

Denmark

OECD

Denmark

OECD

Secretaries (general office clerks)

Senior professionals

Middle managers (D3 positions)

Senior managers (D1 positions)

Source: OECD 2012 Survey on Compensation of Employees in Centrtall/Federal Governments

Women in Government
Share of women in general government (2010)
% of general government employment
100%

Share of ministers who are women (2012)

% of ministers
100%

70.3%
Denmark 50%
Denmark

39.1%
50%

56.8%
OECD 0%
Source: International Labour Organisation OECD

24.9%
0% Source: Inter-Parliamentary Union Parline Database

Public Procurement
Procurement expenditure (2011)
% of government expenditures

Use of innovative procurement tools in central government (2012)

functionalities in e-procurement systems Bids can be submitted Procurement plans Tenders electronically are published are announced Invoices can be submitted electronically

Denmark

OECD

23.3%

29.0%

Denmark

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

OECD

20 8 10

32 7 0

16 13 6

8 10 15
No

Yes, in national central e-procurement systems Source: OECD National Accounts

Yes,in e-procurement systems of specific procuring entities

Source: OECD 2012 Survey on Public Procurement

Open and Inclusive Government

Asset disclosure: Level of disclosure of private interests and public availability of information (2012)
Low level 0 10 Middle level 40 50 60 High level 100

20

30

70

80

90

100 75 50

56
Denmark

51
OECD

25

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Source: OECD 2012 Survey on Conict of Interest Disclosure

Serving Citizens: quality of public services

Access to medical care (2011)
out of pocket expenditure as a % of nal household consumption

Citizen take-up of e-government services (2012)

% of individuals using the internet to interact with public authorities
100% 75%

2.5%

2.9%

Denmark

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

83%
OECD

50% 25% 0%

50%
OECD

Denmark

Source: OECD Health Statistics 2013

Source: Eurostat and OECD

Satisfaction and confidence across public services (2012)

% of citizens expressing condence/satisfaction

National government 53% 40%

100 80 60

Denmark

Judicial system 85% 51%

40 20

Local police 80% 72%

OECD

OECD range

Health care 81% 71%

Education system 72% 66%

Source: World Gallup Poll

Government at a Glance 2013

With a focus on public administration, OECD Government at a Glance 2013 provides readers with a dashboard of key indicators assembled with the goal of contributing to the analysis and international comparison of public sector performance across OECD countries. Indicators on public finances and employment are provided alongside composite indexes summarising aspects of public management policies, and indicators on service quality in education, health, taxation and justice. Government at a Glance 2013 also includes indicators on key governance and public management issues, such as strategice governance, budgeting, compensation in the public service, public procurement and open government.

For background data and to consult this publication on line: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/gov_glance-2013-en For more information and to consult all other Country Fact Sheets: www.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm
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