Tarea 2 Tipos de matrices(material compuesto), ERICK ALBERTO TREJO ZUIGA

Thermoset matrix
Thermoset liquid resins comprise a series of liquids or semi precursors which must be cured in order to achieve the solid state by chemical, thermal (high temperatures) or by radiation (UV, gamma, electron or microwave). Once cured, have lots of cross-links, and can not be remelted without suffering serious degradation. The resins used are: epoxy resins The importance of the epoxy matrix is the ability of the epoxide radical to react with a variety of other organic radicals and crosslink without the appearance of a condensate . Epoxy resins are characterized by low shrinkage , good resistance to high temperature ( 180 C ) and good resistance to chemicals . We can distinguish two main types of epoxy resins , according to the chemical structure are based on : - TGMDA ( methylene tetraglicil dianiline ) : this molecule is the most important component of epoxy resin formulations for high-tech applications . Exhibits high crosslink density . - DGEBA ( diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A) : cure at lower crosslinking density than the last. The difference between the density of crosslinks in the cured will be determined by the different properties of the resins. Besides these two , we can find other epoxy resins with characteristics according to the above , such as novolacs , trifunctional epoxy resins and bisphenol F epoxy resin In epoxy resins is very important to the choice of curing agent , as this determines the final mechanical and thermal properties of the resin. There are basically three types : - Amine : aliphatic amines cure the resin at room temperature but have low temperature; the aromatic provide resins with improved properties , but require curing temperatures of 120-175 C , and cycloaliphatic have properties intermediate between the two above. - Anhydrides : Bisphenol A epoxy resins cured at 120-175 C Unsaturated polyester resins They are the most important family of thermosetting resins used in composites . The curing of these resins can be accomplished in many ways, with chemical additives , heat or radiation. Moreover, the configuration and chemical composition of the polyester resin hardened determine its characteristics and properties (flexibility, toughness, mechanical, chemical , etc . ) , So that through an appropriate choice of these parameters, can vary substantially the characteristics of the resin chosen . In sum, the unsaturated polyester resins are the most versatile and can be adapted to a multitude of processes and needs. As mentioned, in this family there is great variability of properties , here the range of values that can be found : - Flexural strength ( MPa ) : 80-140 - Tensile strength (MPa): 40-85 - Traction Module ( GPa ): 2 - 3.5 - Percent Elongation : 1.2 - 4.8

Tarea 2 Tipos de matrices(material compuesto), ERICK ALBERTO TREJO ZUIGA

Thermoplastic Matrix
Moreover, it is possible to find matrices reinforced with high performance thermoplastics . These matrices have been developed with the dual purpose of obtaining suitable high temperature materials having high impact resistance. The result of advances in this field are tougher matrices , with more than thermostable resistance and lower water absorption. Furthermore they have a certain time needed for molding and curing , which means lower costs , and the recycling process is easier. Arrays are the most important eterketona polyether (PEEK) , polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and polyetherimide (PEI ) and polyamideimide (PAI ) . Its main characteristics are: PEEK : PEEK is partially crystalline thermoplastic material which provides a unique combination of high mechanical properties , resistance to temperature (range of temperatures between -60 C and 250 C) and excellent chemical resistance . Other Features: - High limit fatigue and high toughness - Very good wear resistance - Intrinsic resistance to flame - Very low smoke during combustion - Good dielectric properties and electrical insulation PPS : As above, this material has thermoplastic properties even in the final composite . It has a remarkable chemical and thermal resistance ( 232 C continuous) and excellent resistance to low temperature . Furthermore it is inert to most chemicals in a wide range of temperatures. High temperature required for processing. PEI : Feature Highlights: inherent flame resistance , low smoke , high temperature resistance long , dimensional stability, chemical and hydrolytic stability . EPI : This matrix is molded as a thermoplastic material but after post partially cured thermoset has properties , which increases resistance to high temperatures. .