Hannah Edmond Mrs. Mueller C - Honors U.S. History 31 January 2014 The A e o!

"ro ressi#ism $rom the year o! 1%00 to 1%1&' the United States (om)leted its shi!t !rom an a rarian so(iety to an ur*an one. +ar e (or)orations and trusts (ontrolled mu(h o! the (ountry,s !inan(es. Southeast Euro)ean immi rants s-armed to ma.or industries' -or/ed !or e0tremely lo- -a es' and resided in the ethni( hettos or )oorly (ared !or tenements. "oliti(al leaders e0)loited the i noran(e and des)eration o! the immi rants to !uel their )oliti(al )arties. $i htin !or thin s su(h as demo(rati( ideals and so(ial .usti(e' )ro ressi#es sou ht a 1ne-1 Ameri(a. Comin !rom a lon linea e o! middle-(lass elites' the )ro ressi#es )ossessed a (ertain de ree o! res)onsi*ility !or the )oor. As the (ountry2s )ro*lems *e(ame eminent' the "ro ressi#e Era instilled the res)onsi*ility o! an e!!ort to re!orm in all )eo)le in di!!erent areas o! their li#e' su(h as a -oman2s ri ht to #ote and settlement housin !or immi rants. The 3ational Ameri(an 4oman Su!!ra e Asso(iation' !irst !ounded in 1&%0' sou ht a moderate a))roa(h !or multi)le -omen2s ri hts. The 3ational Ameri(an 4oman Su!!ra e Asso(iation' under the leadershi) o! Carrie Cha)man Catt' (on(entrated on lo**yin states and !o(used on the )assin o! a (onstitutional amendment to uarantee -omen,s su!!ra e. The or ani5ation )ro(ured hearin s *e!ore ea(h Con ress !rom 1&6% to 1%1%. Ali(e "aul and +u(y 7urns *ro/e a-ay !rom the 3ational Ameri(an 4oman Su!!ra e Asso(iation and !ounded the Con ressional Union !or 4oman Su!!ra e in 1%13' *ut *y 1%18' the name (han ed to the 3ational 4omen,s "arty' -hile Al#a 7elmont -as "resident. The 3ational 4oman,s "arty !ou ht

s)e(i!i(ally !or the ri ht to #ote on the same terms as men. The or ani5ation used radi(al ta(ti(s' su(h as hun er stri/es and )i(/etin ' to ain -omen2s su!!ra e. Thou h there -as animosity *et-een *oth or ani5ation' the ta(ti(s they )ra(ti(ed di!!ered reatly' the e!!orts o! the 3ational Ameri(an 4oman Su!!ra e Asso(iation *ein more moderate' -hile the 3ational 4oman2s "arty too/ a more radi(al a))roa(h. Their (am)ai ns *ein )olar o))osites (om)lemented one another immensely and (reated mu(h )ressure on the o#ernment. They (on(luded that su!!ra e -as the solution to )oliti(al and so(ial )ro*lems' su(h as )rostitution' la*or e0)loitation' and muni(i)al (orru)tion. Throu h the e!!orts o! *oth or ani5ations' -omen e#entually o*tained su!!ra e in 1%20 throu h the addition o! the 20th Amendment to the Constitution. The Settlement House Mo#ement' made !amous *y Jane Addams and Ellen Starr2s Hull House' !ounded in 1&&% in Chi(a o' ho)ed to aid immi rants assimilate !rom rural and /no-n (ulture to ur*an li#in and an un/no-n (ulture -hile (reatin an interde)endent (ommunity in -hi(h the )oor and ri(h li#ed more (losely to ether. Settlement house -ere *uilt in )oor ur*an areas and -ere e9ui))ed -ith middle-(lass #olunteers -ho li#ed amon the immi rants and as)ired to share their /no-led e o! the (ulture and redu(e the hardshi)s o! the )oor throu h day(are' En lish lan ua e (lasses' and health(are. 3o matter their )ro*lems' )eo)le li#in in settlement houses -ere seen as (a)a*le' a#era e' -or/in -(lass !amilies -ith -hom the -ealthier (lasses -ere .oined throu h mutual de)enden(e. Soon the res)onsi*ility o! housin )ro rams -ere )ushed onto o#ernment a en(ies' -hi(h *e an the )ro!ession o! so(ial -or/. Thou h *rie!' the "ro ressi#e Era -as not at all insi ni!i(ant. "ro ressi#e re!orms introdu(ed a ne- role !or o#ernment' throu h settlement housin ' and ne- !reedoms !or -omen' in their su!!ra e. :n dealin -ith the )ro*lems o! ur*ani5ation and e9ual ri hts' the

(ountry,s demo(rati( institutions addressed the )ro*lems on a nation le#el. This )re(edent o!!ered su))ort !or the 3e- ;eal and in!luen(ed the re!ormin attitude o! the nation,s leaders durin the <reat ;e)ression. : )led e my honor that : ha#e neither i#en nor re(ei#ed aid on this )a)er. Hannah Edmond