II-A & II-B SI: CLASS II SERIES SYSTEMS APPLIED FLUID MECHANICS Objective: Volume flow rate Method

II-A: No minor losses Example Problem 11.3 Uses Equation 11-3 to estimate the allowable volume flow rate Figure 11.7 to maintain desired pressure at point 2 for a given pressure at point 1 System Data: SI Metric Units Pressure at point 1 = 415 kPa Elevation at point 1 = 0 m Pressure at point 2 = 200 kPa Elevation at point 2 = 0 m Energy loss: h L = 21.92 m May need to compute: n = h/r Fluid Properties: 3 2 Specific weight = 9.81 kN/m Kinematic viscosity = 1.15E-06 m /s Pipe data: 6-in Schedule 40 steel pipe Visco Dinamica Diameter: D = 0.1023 m Densidad Wall roughness: e = 4.60E-05 m Length: L = 100 m Results: Maximum values 2 3 Using Eq. 11-3 Area: A = 8.21E-03 m Volume flow rate: Q = 0.0412 m /s D/ e = 2223.913 Velocity: v = 5.02 m/s CLASS II SERIES SYSTEMS Method II-B: Use results of Method IIA; Include minor losses; then pressure at Point 2 is computed Additional Pipe Data: L /D = 978 Flow Velocity = 2.44 m/s Velocity head = 0.302 m Reynolds No. = 2.17E+05 Friction factor: f = 0.0185 Energy losses in Pipe: K Qty. Pipe: K 1 = f(L/D) = 18.11 Elemento 2: K 2 = 5.78 1 Elemento 3: K 3 = Element 4: K 4 = Element 5: K 5 = Element 6: K 6 = Element 7: K 7 = Element 8: K 8 =
3 0.0200 m /s 415 kPa Pressure p 2 = 344.17 kPa NOTE: Should be > 200 kPa Adjust estimate for Q until p 2 is greater than desired pressure. Velocity at point 1 = 2.44 m/s |--> If velocity is in pipe: Velocity at point 2 = 2.44 m/s |--> Enter "=B24" Vel. head at point 1 = 0.302 m Vel. head at point 2 = 0.302 m

Volume flow rate: Q = Given: Pressure p 1 =

Energy loss h L1 = Energy loss h L2 = Energy loss h L3 = Energy loss h L4 = Energy loss h L5 = Energy loss h L6 = Energy loss h L7 = Energy loss h L8 = Total energy loss h Ltot =

5.47 m Friction 1.75 m 0.00 m 0.00 m 0.00 m 0.00 m 0.00 m 0.00 m 7.22 m

TIPO Le/D V-Globo Abierta por completo 340 V-ngulo Abierta por completo 150 V-Compuerta Abierta por completo 8 3/4 abierta 35 1/2 abierta 160 1/4 abierta 900 V-Verificacion Tipo Giratorio 100 V-Verificacion Tipo Bola 150 V-Mariposa AbComp 2 a 8 pulg 45 10 a 14 pulg 35 16 a 24 pulg 25 V-Pie Tipo Disco de Vstago 420 V-Pie Tipo Disco de Bisagra 75 Codo Estandar 90 30 Codo 90 Radio Largo 20 Codo Roscado 90 50 Codo Estandar 45 16 Codo Roscado 45 26 Vuelta Cerrado En Retono 50 Te Estandar Flujo Directo 20 Con en el Flujo Ramal 60

Rugosidad Vidrio Liso Plastico 3.00E-07 Tubo Extruido 1.50E-06 Acero comercial 4.60E-05 Hierro Galvan 1.50E-04 Hierro Ductil R 1.20E-04 Hierro Ductil NR 2.40E-04 Concreto BnFab 1.20E-04 Acero Remachado 1.80E-03

MAT

INTERP Rela Diamteros 1.8 0 2 Vel 4.5 0.00 6 K -0.29 -0.26 -0.3 Ka 0.43 -0.29 0.51 Kb 0.42 -0.3 0.5

Tam Nominal de la Tuberia 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 ,3 3 1/2 ,4 5 6 08 a 10 12 a 16 18 a 24

Ft 0.027 0.025 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.019 0.018 0.017 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.012

II-A & II-B US: CLASS II SERIES SYSTEMS Method II-A: No minor losses Uses Equation 11-3 to find maximum allowable volume flow rate to maintain desired pressure at point 2 for a given pressure at point 1 System Data: US Customary Units Pressure at point 1 = 125 psig Elevation at point 1 = 18 ft Pressure at point 2 = 40 psig Elevation at point 2 = 38 ft Energy loss: h L = 229.74 ft May need to compute: n = h/r Fluid Properties: 3 2 Specific weight = 49.01 lb/ft Kinematic viscosity = 1.37E-05 ft /s Pipe data: 4-in Sch 40 steel pipe Visco Dinamica Diameter: D = 0.1723 ft Densidad Wall roughness: e = 1.50E-04 ft Length: L = 110 ft Results: Maximum values 2 3 Area: A = 0.02333 ft Volume flow rate: Q = 0.7981 ft /s Using Eq. 11-3 D/ e = 1148.67 Velocity: v = 34.21 ft/s APPLIED FLUID MECHANICS Objective: Volume flow rate Problem 11.10 CLASS II SERIES SYSTEMS Method II-B: Use results of Method IIA; Include minor losses; then pressure at Point 2 is computed Additional Pipe Data: L /D = 638 Flow Velocity = 31.25 ft/s Velocity head = 15.168 ft Reynolds No. = 3.93E+05 Friction factor: f = 0.0199 Energy losses in Pipe: K Qty. Pipe: K 1 = f(L/D) = 12.73 1 Element 2: K 2 = 0.38 2 Element 3: K 3 = Element 4: K 4 = Element 5: K 5 = Element 6: K 6 = Element 7: K 7 = Element 8: K 8 = 0.50 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 1
3 0.7292 ft /s 125 psig Pressure p 2 = 40.00 psig NOTE: Should be > 40 psig Adjust estimate for Q until p 2 is equal or greater than desired. Velocity at point 1 = 0.00 ft/s |--> If velocity is in pipe: Velocity at point 2 = 31.25 ft/s |--> Enter "=B24" Vel. head at point 1 = 0.00 ft Vel. head at point 2 = 15.17 ft

Volume flow rate: Q = Given: Pressure p 1 =

Energy loss h L1 = Energy loss h L2 = Energy loss h L3 = Energy loss h L4 = Energy loss h L5 = Energy loss h L6 = Energy loss h L7 = Energy loss h L8 = Total energy loss h Ltot =

193.16 ft Friction 11.53 ft 7.58 ft 2.31 ft 0.00 ft 0.00 ft 0.00 ft 0.00 ft 214.58 ft

TIPO Le/D V-Globo Abierta por completo 340 V-ngulo Abierta por completo 150 V-Compuerta Abierta por completo 8 3/4 abierta 35 1/2 abierta 160 1/4 abierta 900 V-Verificacion Tipo Giratorio 100 V-Verificacion Tipo Bola 150 V-Mariposa AbComp 2 a 8 pulg 45 10 a 14 pulg 35 16 a 24 pulg 25 V-Pie Tipo Disco de Vstago 420 V-Pie Tipo Disco de Bisagra 75 Codo Estandar 90 30 Codo 90 Radio Largo 20 Codo Roscado 90 50 Codo Estandar 45 16 Codo Roscado 45 26 Vuelta Cerrado En Retono 50 Te Estandar Flujo Directo 20 Con en el Flujo Ramal 60

MAT Vidrio Plastico Tubo Extruido Acero comercial Hierro Galvan Hierro Ductil R Hierro Ductil NR Concreto BnFab Acero Remachado

Rugo pie Liso 1.00E-06 5.00E-06 1.50E-04 5.00E-04 4.00E-04 8.00E-04 4.00E-04 6.00E-03

INTERP Rela Diamteros 1.8 0 2 Vel 4.5 0.00 6 K -0.29 -0.26 -0.3 Ka 0.43 -0.29 0.51

Tam Nominal de la Tuberia 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 ,3 3 1/2 ,4 5 6 08 a 10 12 a 16 18 a 24

Ft 0.027 0.025 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.019 0.018 0.017 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.012

Kb 0.42 -0.3 0.5

APPLIED FLUID MECHANICS Objective: Volume flow rate Example Problem 11.3 Figure 11.7 System Data: SI Metric Units Pressure at point 1 = Pressure at point 2 = Energy loss: h L = Fluid Properties: Specific weight = Pipe data: 6-in Schedule 40 steel pipe Diameter: D = Wall roughness: e = Length: L = Area: A = D/ e =

II-A & II-B SI: CLASS II SERIES SYSTEMS Method II-A: No minor losses Uses Equation 11-3 to estimate the allowable volume flow rate to maintain desired pressure at point 2 for a given pressure at point 1 0 kPa 0 kPa 10.00 m
3 9.73 kN/m

Elevation at point 1 = Elevation at point 2 = May need to compute: n = h/r Kinematic viscosity = Visco Dinamica Densidad Results: Maximum values Volume flow rate: Q = Velocity: v = Volume flow rate: Q = Given: Pressure p 1 = Pressure p 2 = NOTE: Should be > Adjust estimate for Q until p 2 is greater than desired pressure. Velocity at point 1 = Velocity at point 2 = Vel. head at point 1 = Vel. head at point 2 = Qty. Energy loss h L1 = 1 2 1 Energy loss h L2 = Energy loss h L3 = Energy loss h L4 = Energy loss h L5 = Energy loss h L6 = Energy loss h L7 = Energy loss h L8 = Pipe data: 6-in Schedule 40 steel pipe Diameter: D = Wall roughness: e = Length: L = Area: A = D/ e = Qty. Energy loss h L1 = 1 1 1 Energy loss h L2 = Energy loss h L3 = Energy loss h L4 = Energy loss h L5 = Energy loss h L6 =

0.0843 1.20E-04 55 5.59E-03 702.50

m m m m2

CLASS II SERIES SYSTEMS Method II-B: Use results of Method IIA; Include minor losses; then pressure at Point 2 is computed Additional Pipe Data 1: L /D = Flow Velocity = Velocity head = Reynolds No. = Friction factor: f = Energy losses in Pipe 1 : Pipe: K 1 = f(L/D) = Elemento 2: K 2 = Elemento 3: K 3 = Element 4: K 4 = Element 5: K 5 = Element 6: K 6 = Element 7: K 7 = Element 8: K 8 = Additional Pipe Data 2: L /D = Flow Velocity = Velocity head = Reynolds No. = Friction factor: f = Energy losses in Pipe 2: Pipe: K 1 = f(L/D) = Elemento 2: K 2 = Elemento 3: K 3 = Element 4: K 4 = Element 5: K 5 = Element 6: K 6 = 192 1.081 m/s 0.060 m 2.57E+05 0.0199 3.8269 0.57 1.00 0.86

652 3.70 m/s 0.697 m 4.75E+05 0.0221 K 14.39 1.00 0.66 0.45

Element 7: K 7 = Element 8: K 8 =

Energy loss h L7 = Energy loss h L8 = Hl

CLASS II SERIES SYSTEMS TIPO V-Globo Abierta por completo V-ngulo Abierta por completo V-Compuerta Abierta por completo 3/4 abierta 1/2 abierta 1/4 abierta V-Verificacion Tipo Giratorio V-Verificacion Tipo Bola V-Mariposa AbComp 2 a 8 pulg 10 a 14 pulg 16 a 24 pulg V-Pie Tipo Disco de Vstago V-Pie Tipo Disco de Bisagra Codo Estandar 90 Codo 90 Radio Largo Codo Roscado 90 Codo Estandar 45 Codo Roscado 45 Vuelta Cerrado En Retono Te Estandar Flujo Directo Con en el Flujo Ramal Densidad Viscosidad Dinamica Tam Nominal de la Tuberia 10.03 m Friction 0.70 m 0.92 m 0.32 m 0.00 m 0.00 m 0.00 m 0.00 m 0.156 1.20E-04 30 1.91E-02 1300.00 m m m m2 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 ,3 3 1/2 ,4 5 6 08 a 10 12 a 16 18 a 24

ate the allowable volume flow rate at point 2 for a given pressure at point 1 10 m 0 m

ompute: n = h/r
2 6.56E-07 m /s 9.50E-03 930

imum values
3 0.0207 m /s 3.70 m/s

Using Eq. 11-3

0.0207 0 -22.70 0

m 3 /s kPa kPa kPa

te for Q until p 2 n desired pressure. 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 m/s |--> If velocity is in pipe: m/s |--> Enter "=B24" m m

n Schedule 40 steel pipe

0.23 m Friction 0.03 m 0.06 m 0.05 m 0.00 m 0.00 m

0.00 m 0.00 m 12.33

Le/D 340 150 8 35 160 900 100 150 45 35 25 420 75 30 20 50 16 26 50 20 60

MAT Rugo m Rugo pie Vidrio Liso Liso Plastico 3.00E-07 1.00E-06 Tubo Extruido 1.50E-06 5.00E-06 Acero comercial 4.60E-05 1.50E-04 Hierro Galvan 1.50E-04 5.00E-04 Hierro Ductil R 1.20E-04 4.00E-04 Hierro Ductil NR 2.40E-04 8.00E-04 Concreto BnFab 1.20E-04 4.00E-04 Acero Remachado 1.80E-03 6.00E-03

INTERP Rela Diamteros Ka Kb 1.8 0.45 0.43 1.85053381 0.46768683 0.45021352 2 0.52 0.51 Vel 3 4.31 4.5 K 0.46768683 0.45242681 0.45021352

Ft 0.027 0.025 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.019 0.018 0.017 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.012

II-A & II-B SI: CLASS II SERIES SYSTEMS APPLIED FLUID MECHANICS Objective: Volume flow rate Method II-A: No minor losses Example Problem 11.3 Uses Equation 11-3 to estimate the allowable volume flow rate Figure 11.7 to maintain desired pressure at point 2 for a given pressure at point 1 System Data:SI Metric Units Pressure at point 1 = 0 kPa Elevation at point 1 = 10 m Pressure at point 2 = 0 kPa Elevation at point 2 = 0 m Energy loss: h L = 10.00 m May need to compute: n = h/r Fluid Properties: 3 2 Specific weight = 9.73 kN/m Kinematic viscosity = 6.56E-07 m /s Pipe data: 6-in Schedule 40 steel pipe Visco Dinamica 9.50E-03 Diameter: D = 0.0843 m Densidad 930 Wall roughness: e = 1.20E-04 m Length: L = 55 m Results: Maximum values 2 3 Using Eq. 11-3 Area: A = Volume flow rate: Q = 5.59E-03 m 0.0207 m /s D/ e = Velocity: v = 702.50 3.70 m/s

TIPO V-Globo Abierta por com V-ngulo Abierta por com V-Compuerta Abierta por 3/4 abierta 1/2 abierta 1/4 abierta V-Verificacion Tipo Girato V-Verificacion Tipo Bola V-Mariposa AbComp 2 a 8 10 a 14 pulg 16 a 24 pulg V-Pie Tipo Disco de Vsta V-Pie Tipo Disco de Bisag Codo Estandar 90 Codo 90 Radio Largo 3 CLASS II SERIES SYSTEMS Volume flow rate: Q = 0.0207 m /s Codo Roscado 90 Method II-B: Use results of Method IIA; Pressure p 1 = Given: 0 kPa Codo Estandar 45 Include minor losses; Pressure p 2 = -22.70 kPa Codo Roscado 45 then pressure at Point 2 is computed NOTE: Should be > 0 kPa Vuelta Cerrado En Reton Additional Pipe Data 1: Adjust estimate for Q until p 2 Te Estandar Flujo Directo L /D = 652 is greater than desired pressure. Con en el Flujo Ramal Flow Velocity = 3.70 m/s Velocity at point 1 = 0.00 m/s |--> If velocity is in pipe: Velocity head = 0.697 m Velocity at point 2 = 0.00 m/s |--> Enter "=B24" Densidad Reynolds No. = 4.75E+05 Vel. head at point 1 = 0.000 m Viscosidad Dinamica Friction factor: f = 0.0221 Vel. head at point 2 = 0.000 m Energy losses in Pipe K 1: Qty. Tam Nominal de la Tuberia Pipe: K 1 = f(L/D) = Energy loss h L1 = 14.39 10.03 m Friction 1/2 Elemento 2: K 2 = 1.00 1 Energy loss h L2 = 0.70 m 3/4 Elemento 3: K 3 = Element 4: K 4 = Element 5: K 5 = Element 6: K 6 = Element 7: K 7 = Element 8: K 8 = 0.66 0.45 2 Energy loss h L3 = 1 Energy loss h L4 = Energy loss h L5 = Energy loss h L6 = Energy loss h L7 = Energy loss h L8 = 0.92 m 0.32 m 0.00 m 0.00 m 0.00 m 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 ,3 3 1/2 ,4 5 6 08 a 10 12 a 16 18 a 24

0.00 m Additional Pipe Data 2: Pipe data: 6-in Schedule 40 steel pipe L /D = 192 Diameter: D = 0.156 m Flow Velocity = 1.081 m/s Wall roughness: e = 1.20E-04 m Velocity head = 0.060 m Length: L = 30 m 2 Area: A = Reynolds No. = 2.57E+05 1.91E-02 m Friction factor: f = D/ e = 0.0199 1300.00 Energy losses in Pipe 2: Qty. Pipe: K 1 = f(L/D) = Energy loss h L1 = 3.8269 0.23 m Friction Elemento 2: K 2 = 0.57 1 Energy loss h L2 = 0.03 m Elemento 3: K 3 = Energy loss h = 1.00 1 0.06 m L3 Element 4: K 4 = Element 5: K 5 = Element 6: K 6 = 0.86 1 Energy loss h L4 = Energy loss h L5 = Energy loss h L6 = 0.05 m 0.00 m 0.00 m

Element 7: K 7 = Element 8: K 8 =

Energy loss h L7 = Energy loss h L8 = Hl

0.00 m 0.00 m 12.33

Le/D 340 150 8 35 160 900 100 150 45 35 25 420 75 30 20 50 16 26 50 20 60

MAT Rugo m Rugo pie Vidrio Liso Liso Plastico 3.00E-07 1.00E-06 Tubo Extruido 1.50E-06 5.00E-06 Acero comercial 4.60E-05 1.50E-04 Hierro Galvan 1.50E-04 5.00E-04 Hierro Ductil R 1.20E-04 4.00E-04 Hierro Ductil NR 2.40E-04 8.00E-04 Concreto BnFab 1.20E-04 4.00E-04 Acero Remachado 1.80E-03 6.00E-03

INTERP Rela Diamteros Ka Kb 1.8 0.45 0.43 1.85053381 0.46768683 0.45021352 2 0.52 0.51 Vel 3 4.31 4.5 K 0.46768683 0.45242681 0.45021352

scosidad Dinamica Ft 0.027 0.025 0.023 0.022 0.021 0.019 0.018 0.017 0.016 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.012