Municipality of San Fernando v. Firme, 195 SCRA 692 FACTS At about 7am of December 16, 1965, a colli!

!ion occurred involvin" a pa!!en"er #eepney driven by Bernardo Balagot (owned by the E tate of !acario "ievera #, a "ravel and !and truc$ driven by $o e !anandeg (owned by %an&uilino 'ela &ue(#, and a dump truc$ of t%e Municipality of San Fernando, &a 'nion and driven by Alfredo Bi lig) (ue to t%e impact, !everal pa!!en"er! of t%e #eepney died including *aureano Bani+a ,r) a a re ult of the in-urie they u tained and four ot%er! !uffered varyin" de"ree! of p%y!ical in#urie!. %he private re!pondent! in!tituted a complaint for dama"e! a"ain!t t%e )!tate of !acario "ievera and Bernardo Balagot, o*ner and driver, re!pectively, of t%e pa!!en"er #eepney) .owever, t%e afore!aid defendant! filed a T%ird +arty Complaint a"ain!t t%e %erein petitioner Municipality and t%e driver of a dump truc$ of petitioner ) /etitioner rai ed a one of it defen e t%e non,!ua-ility of t%e State. .SS') 01" the !unici2ality of ,an 3ernando i immune from uit) /)&( 0)S. Anent the i ue of whether or not the munici2ality i liable for the tort committed by it em2loyee, t%e te!t of lia-ility of t%e municipality depend! on *%et%er or not t%e driver, actin" in -e%alf of t%e municipality, i! performin" "overnmental or proprietary function!. 4n the ca e at bar, the driver of the dum2 truc5 of the munici2ality in i t that 6he wa on hi way to the "aguilian river to get a load of and and gravel for the re2air of ,an 3ernando7 munici2al treet )6 0e already tre ed in the ca e of /alafo8, et) al) v ) /rovince of 4loco "orte, the Di trict Engineer, and the /rovincial %rea urer (19: /hil 11;6# that 6the con truction or maintenance of road in which the truc5 and the driver wor5ed at the time of the accident are admittedly governmental activitie )6 0e arrive at the conclu ion that t%e municipality cannot -e %eld lia-le for t%e tort! committed -y it! re"ular employee, *%o *a! t%en en"a"ed in t%e di!c%ar"e of "overnmental function!. .ence, the death of the 2a enger << tragic and de2lorable though it may be << im2o ed on the munici2ality no duty to 2ay monetary com2en ation)