CHAPTER- VI ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION

INTRODUCTION: Generally research consists of two parts, namely, the gathering of data and the analysis of the data. The mass of data gathered thro gh sophisticated tools howe!er !alid, relia"le and ade# ate, is yet " t raw nless it is caref lly edited, systematically classified and ta" lated, scientifically processed and analy$ed, intelligently e!al ated and rationally concl ded.

%N%&'(I(: %nalysis means "rea)ing down the comple*ity of the str ct re with simpler elements and p tting these elements together in new com"inations or patterns, so as to disco!er new relationships or new factors. %nalysis plays a !ital role in all the following process: (election of the pro"lem (o rces of data (election of appropriate information Determination of !ario s methods

+OD,( O- %N%&'(I(: . ,*amine the statement of the pro"lem . ,!al ation of Ta"les and charts . %pplication of !ario s statistical meas res The )ind of statistics one ses determines the nat re of analysis. The amo nt of analysis is proportional to the appropriate and meaningf l statistical techni# e employed.

+OD,( O- ,/%&U%TION: ,!al ation refers to the stating of what the findings depict their significance and helps in drawing the sol tion to the act al pro"lem. It is a p rely s "0ecti!e process. 1ence, ,!al ation calls for a critical e*amination of the res lts of the analysis in the light of all the limitations of his data gathering.

%N%&'(I( %ND ,/%&U%TION O- D%T%: This pro0ect st dy is nderta)en to collect the data on the loan facilities a!aila"le to 2omen ,ntreprene rs engaged in (mall scale Ind stries. This pro0ect st dy co!ers the 2omen ,ntreprene rs of the following (mall scale Ind stries.

SL NAME OF NO. BUSINESS 3. 6. 7. 9. :. ;. <. =. ?. 3@. 33. Diya 4!t. &td 4reethi (titching Centre 5aya (tores Tailor 2ell

LOCATION Ra0a0inagar

NATURE OF NATURE OF NATURE OF ORGANIZATION ACTIVITY BUSINESS +an fact ring Garments +an fact ring Garments Trading Grocery 8 pro!isions +an fact ring Garments Trading Grocery

5oint stoc) company ( "ramanyanagar (ole trading concern +alleshwaram /i0aynagar (ole trading concern (ole trading concern 4artnership firm

36. 37. 39. 3:. 3;.

/en)ateshwara Ra0a0inagar Grocery (tore Usha +alleshwaram (ole trading ,nterprises concern 4 shpa (tores ( "ramanyanagar (ole trading concern Trend$ +alleshwaram 4artnership firm +an0 natha ( "ramanyanagar 4artnership firm +edicals 4ashmeena +e)ri Circle 5oint stoc) 4!t. &td. company (ri Ra0a0inagar (ole trading +an0 natha concern 4ro!ision (tores Chocolat +alleshwaram (ole trading concern (neha +alleshwaram (ole trading Creations concern /i"ha &adies Ra0a0inagar 4artnership firm 1ostel %diti Chaats +alleshwaram (ole trading concern ( nitha ( "ramanyanagar (ole trading -ashions concern

+an fact ring 4rocessed -ood Trading 4ro!isions 8 Grocery (er!ice >ea ty parlor Trading 4harmace tical +an fact ring Garments Trading Grocery 8 pro!isions

+an fact ring Chocolates +an fact ring Garments (er!ice 1ostel -acility

+an fact ring 4rocessed -ood +an fact ring Garments

They are all engaged in !ario s types of " siness acti!ity s ch as man fact ring, trading and ser!ices. The data is collected thro gh

# estionnaire, and is placed in the anne* re. The data is analy$ed "y st dying the fre# ency rate and percentage fre# ency. TABLE- 1 AGE SL. NO . 3. 6. 7. 9. &,(( T1%N 6: ',%R( 6;B7: ',%R( 7;B9: ',%R( 9; ',%R( 8 %>O/, TOT%& PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS 6 = : 3 3; 37A :@A 73A ;A 3@@A PERCENTAGE

AGE

6%

13%

31%

LESS THAN 5 YEARS 6-35 YEARS 36-!5 YEARS !6 YEARS & ABOVE 50%

ANALYSIS" 37A of respondents are less than 6: years :@A of respondents are "etween 6;B7: years 73A of respondents are "etween 7;B9: years ;A of respondents are 9; years and a"o!e

INFERENCE" It can "e inferred that there is a ma0ority of respondents in the age gro p 6;B7: years which clearly indicates that women in yo nger age gro p are not ris) a!erse.

TABLE#UALIFICATIONS SL. NO. 3. 6. 7. PARTICULARS UND,RGR%DU%T, GR%DU%T, 4O(TBGR%DU%T, TOT%& NO. OF RESPONDENTS = < 3 3; PERCENTAGE :@A 99A ;A 3@@A

#UALIFICATIONS

6%

UNDERGRADUATE 50% !!% GRADUATE POST-GRADUATE

ANALYSIS" :@A of respondents are Undergrad ate

99A of respondents are Grad ate ;A of respondents are 4ostBGrad ate

INFERENCE" It can "e inferred that nderta)ing entreprene rship does not re# ire

academic # alification. Other # alities s ch as initiati!e, commitment, ris) ta)ing, self moti!ation etc. play a greater role in "ecoming an entreprene r.

TABLE- 3 MARITAL STATUS

SL. NO. 3. 6.

PARTICULARS (ING&, +%RRI,D TOT%&

NO. OF RESPONDENTS 9 36 3;

PERCENTAGE 6:A <:A 3@@A

MARITAL STATUS

5%

SINGLE MARRIED

$5%

ANALYSIS" 6:A of respondents are single <:A of respondents are married

INFERENCE" %s ma0ority of the respondents are married, it can "e inferred that marital stat s is not a deterrent to entreprene rship.

TABLE- ! TYPE OF E%PERIENCE SL. NO. PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

3. 6.

4R%CTIC%& ,C4,RI,NC, TR%INING TOT%&

3@ ; 3;

;6A 7=A 3@@A

TYPE OF E%PERIENCE

3&%

PRACTICAL E%PERIENCE TRAINING 6 %

ANALYSIS" ;6A of respondents ha!e practical e*perience 7=A of respondents ha!e ndergone training.

OBSERVATION"

It is o"ser!ed that a ma0ority of the respondents ha!e practical e*perience in their respecti!e fields.

TABLE- 5 NUMBER OF YEARS OF E%PERIENCE SL. NO. 3. 6. PARTICULARS 3B: ',%R( ;B3@ ',%R( NO. OF RESPONDENTS 3@ : PERCENTAGE ;7A 73A

7.

33 ',%R( 8 %>O/, TOT%&

3 3;

;A 3@@A

NUMBER OF YEARS OF E%PERIENCE

6%

31%

1-5 YEARS 6-10 YEARS 63% 11 YEARS & ABOVE

ANALYSIS" ;7A of respondents ha!e "etween 3B: years of e*perience 73A of respondents ha!e "etween ;B3@ years of e*perience ;A of respondents ha!e e*perience of 33 years and a"o!e

OBSERVATION"

It is o"ser!ed that a ma0ority of the respondents ha!e an e*perience of 3B: years in their respecti!e fields.

TABLE- 6 NATURE OF ORGANIZATION

SL. NO. PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE

3. 6.

(O&, TR%DING CONC,RN 4%RTN,R(1I4 -IR+

3@ 9

;7A 6:A

7. 9.

5OINT (TOCD CO+4%N' 1INDU UNDI/ID,D -%+I&' TOT%&

6 @ 3;

36A @A 3@@A

NATURE OF THE ORGANIZATION

1 %

0%

SOLE TRADING CONCERN PARTNERSHIP FIRM 63% 'OINT STOC( COMPANY HINDU UNDIVIDED FAMILY

5%

ANALYSIS" ;7A of respondents are sole trading concerns 6:A of respondents r n the " siness as a partnership firm 36A of respondents r n the " siness as a 0oint stoc) company

INFERENCE" %s ma0ority of the respondents ha!e started " siness as sole trading concerns, it can "e inferred that women prefer to manage their own

" siness "y themsel!es. +oreo!er, as capital a!aila"le to them is limited, it is more s ita"le for sole trading concern.

TABLE- $ YEAR OF COMMENCEMENT OF BUSINESS

SL. NO. 3. 6. 7. 9. :. PARTICULARS 3??=B6@@@ 6@@@B6@@6 6@@6B6@@9 6@@9B6@@; 6@@;B6@@= TOT%& NO. OF RESPONDENTS 3 6 7 9 ; 3; PERCENTAGE ;A 36A 3?A 6:A 7=A 3@@A

YEAR OF COMMENCEMENT OF BUSINESS

6% 1 % 3&% 1)% 1))&- 000 000- 00 00 - 00! 00!- 006 006- 00& 5%

ANALYSIS" ;A of respondents started their " siness "etween the years 3??=B6@@@ 36A of respondents started their " siness "etween the years 6@@@B6@@6 3?A of respondents started their " siness "etween the years 6@@6B6@@9 6:A of respondents started their " siness "etween the years 6@@9B6@@; 7=A of respondents started their " siness "etween the years 6@@;B6@@=

INFERENCE" It is inferred that a ma0ority of the respondents started their " siness "etween the years 6@@; and 6@@=, pro"a"ly "eca se greater

enco ragement is "eing gi!en to women to start a " siness and also d e to "etter ed cation and greater awareness among women in recent times.

TABLE- & CAPITAL EMPLOYED

SL. PARTICULARS NO. OF RESPONDENTS 36 9 3; PERCENTAGE <:A 6:A 3@@A

NO. 3. >ORRO2,D 6. >OT1 O2N %ND >ORRO2,D TOT%&

CAPITAL EMPLOYED

5% BORRO*ED BOTH O*N AND BORRO*ED $5%

ANALYSIS" <:A of respondents ha!e "orrowed the capital 6:A of respondents ha!e "oth own and "orrowed capital

INFERENCE" %s ma0ority of the respondents ha!e started their " siness with "orrowed capital, it can "e inferred that women need to ta)e loan and in!est in their " siness d e to lac) of own finance. Therefore, women entreprene rs ha!e not hesitated to a!ail financial assistance.

TABLE-) INVESTMENT
SL. NO. 3. 6. 7. 9. PARTICULARS &,(( T1%N R(. 3 &%D1 R(. 3 &%D1 TO R(. : &%D1( R(. : &%D1( TO R(. 3@ &%D1( R(. 3@ &%D1 %ND %>O/, TOT%& NO. OF RESPONDENTS 9 : ; 3 3; PERCENTAGE 6:A 73A 7=A ;A 3@@A

INVESTMENT

6% 5%

LESS THAN RS. 1 LA(H RS. 1 LA(H TO RS. 5 LA(HS RS. 5 LA(HS TO RS. 10 LA(HS

3&%

31%

RS. 10 LA(H AND ABOVE

ANALYSIS" 6:A of respondents ha!e in!ested less than Rs. 3 la)h 73A of respondents ha!e in!ested "etween Rs. 3 la)h and Rs. : la)hs 7=A of respondents ha!e in!ested "etween Rs. : la)hs and Rs. 3@ la)hs ;A of respondents ha!e in!ested "etween Rs. 3@ la)hs and a"o!e.

OBSERVATION" It is o"ser!ed that ma0ority of the respondents ha!e in!ested "etween Rs. : la)hs and Rs. 3@ la)hs in their " siness which e*plains the reason for women starting the " siness as sole trading concern.

TABLE- 10 PURPOSE OF LOAN

SL. PARTICULARS NO. OF PERCENTAGE <:A 6:A 3@@A

NO. RESPONDENTS 3. 2ORDING C%4IT%& 36 6. -IC,D %((,T( 9 TOT%& 3;

PURPOSE OF LOAN

5% *OR(ING CAPITAL FI%ED ASSETS

$5%

ANALYSIS" <:A of respondents ha!e ta)en loan for in!esting in wor)ing capital 6:A of respondents ha!e ta)en loan for in!esting in fi*ed assets

OBSERVATION"

It is o"ser!ed that ma0ority of the respondents ha!e ta)en loan for in!esting in wor)ing capital for their " siness. This clearly indicates a pro"lem of li# idity faced "y small scale women entreprene rs.

TABLE- 11 PROBLEMS FACED DURING PROMOTION

SL. NO. 3. PARTICULARS &%CD O- (U44ORT -RO+ -%+I&' NO. OF RESPONDENTS ; PERCENTAGE 7=A

6.

&%CD O- (U44ORT -RO+ -IN%NCI%& IN(TITUTION &%CD O- TR%INING OT1,R( TOT%&

73A

7. 9.

9 3 3;

6:A ;A 3@@A

PROBLEMS FACED DURING PROMOTION

LAC( OF SUPPORT FROM FAMILY LAC( OF SUPPORT FROM FINANCIAL INSTITUTION LAC( OF TRAINING

6% 5%

3&%

OTHERS 31%

ANALYSIS" 7=A of respondents lac) s pport from family 73A of respondents lac) s pport from financial instit tions 6:A of respondents lac) training ;A of respondents face other pro"lems.

INFERENCE" It is inferred that there is lac) of s pport from family and financial instit tion for women entreprene rs in promoting their " siness. The e*isting social system may inhi"it s pport from family. 1owe!er, financial instit tions ga!e "een forthcoming in offering assistance to women entreprene rs. The c m"ersome proced re in!ol!ed in a!ailing loans may "e acting as an impediment to women entreprene rship.

TABLE- 1 GOVERNMENT FACILITIES AVAILED

SL. PARTICULARS NO. 3. 6. ',( NO TOT%& NO. OF RESPONDENTS 3 3: 3; PERCENTAGE ;A ?9A 3@@A

GOVERNMENT FACILITIES AVAILED

6%

YES NO

)!%

ANALYSIS" ;A of respondents a!ailed facilities pro!ided "y go!ernment ?9A of respondents did not a!ail the facilities pro!ided "y go!ernment

OBSERVATION" It is o"ser!ed that a ma0ority of respondents ha!e not a!ailed any go!ernment facilities. This may pro"a"ly d e to lac) of awareness or the c m"ersome proced re in!ol!ed in a!ailing s ch facilities.

TABLE- 13 ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMEATTENDED

SL. PARTICULARS NO. 3. 6. ',( NO TOT%& NO. OF RESPONDENTS 6 39 3; PERCENTAGE 37A =<A 3@@A

ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME ATTENDED

13%

YES NO

&$%

ANALYSIS" 37A of respondents attended entreprene rial de!elopment programmes =<A of respondents ha!e not attended entreprene rial de!elopment programmes.

INFERRENCE" It is inferred that ma0ority of the respondents ha!e not attended any entreprene rial de!elopment programmes. This co ld "e attri" ted to the fact that most of them may not "e formally associated with any trade

organi$ation or training instit tion where"y they are not aware and ha!e missed the opport nity to attend entreprene rship de!elopment programmes.

TABLE- 1! ANNUAL TURNOVER

SL. NO. 3. 6. 7. PARTICULARS &,(( T1%N R(. : &%D1( R(. : &%D1( TO R(. 3@ &%D1( R(. 3@ &%D1( %ND %>O/, TOT%& NO. OF RESPONDENTS 9 ? 7 3; PERCENTAGE 6:A :;A 3?A 3@@A

ANNUAL TURNOVER

1)%

5%

LESS THAN RS 5 LA(HS RS. 5 LA(HS TO RS. 10 LA(HS RS. 10 LA(HS AND ABOVE

56%

ANALYSIS" 6:A of respondents ha!e an ann al t rno!er of less than Rs. : la)hs :;A of respondents ha!e an ann al t rno!er "etween Rs.: la)hs and Rs.3@ la)hs 3?A of respondents ha!e an ann al t rno!er of Rs. 3@ la)hs and a"o!e

OBSERVATION" It is o"ser!ed that ma0ority of the respondents ha!e an ann al t rno!er "etween Rs. : la)hs and Rs. 3@ la)hs. It is o"!io s that the " siness is small scale.

TABLE- 15 NET-PROFIT EARNED

SL. NO. 3. 6. 7. PARTICULARS &,(( T1%N R(. 6 &%D1( R(. 6 &%D1 TO R(. : &%D1( O/,R Rs. : &%D1( TOT%& NO. OF RESPONDENTS 9 = 9 3; PERCENTAGE 6:A :@A 6:A 3@@A

NET-PROFIT EARNED

5%

5%

LESS THAN RS. LA(HS RS. LA(H TO RS. 5 LA(HS OVER R+. 5 LA(HS

50%

ANALYSIS" 6:A of respondents earn netBprofit less than Rs. 6 la)hs :@A of respondents earn netBprofit "etween Rs. 6 la)hs and Rs. : la)hs 6:A of respondents earn netBprofit o!er Rs. : la)hs.

OBSERVATION" It is o"ser!ed that a ma0ority of respondents earn a netBprofit o!er Rs. 6 la)hs. Therefore, their capacity to grow from small scale to medi m scale is restricted nless financial assistance is forthcoming.

TABLE- 16 PROBLEMS FACED BY *OMEN ENTREPRENEURS

SL. NO. 3. 6. 7. 9. PARTICULARS -IN%NC, INDU(TRI%& R,&%TION( +%RD,TING 4RODUCTION TOT%& NO. OF RESPONDENTS ? 6 9 3 3; PERCENTAGE :;A 37A 6:A ;A 3@@A

PROBLEMS FACED BY *OMEN ENTREPRENEURS

6% FINANCE 5% INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS 56% MAR(ETING PRODUCTION 13%

ANALYSIS" :;A of respondents face financial pro"lems 37A of respondents face ind strial relations pro"lems 6:A of respondents face mar)eting pro"lems ;A of respondents face prod ction pro"lems.

OBSERVATION" It is o"ser!ed that ma0ority of the respondents face financial pro"lems d ring the r nning of their " siness. -inance "eing the life "lood of any " siness, its scarcity st nts the growth of a concern.

TABLE- 1$ Data was collected from the "an) manager thro gh an inter!iew and the following ta"le and chart depicts the information pro!ided.

PERCENTAGE OF NUMBER OF LOANS TO *OMEN ENTREPRENEURS ,DURING THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 00&-

SL. NO. 3. 6.

PARTICULARS TOT%& ,NTR,4R,N,UR( 2O+,N ,NTR,4R,N,UR( 4,RC,NT%G,

NUMBER OF LOANS =; 7; 96A

NUMBER OF LOANS GIVEN DURING THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 2008

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 86

NUMBER OF LOANS

36

TOTAL ENTREPRENEURS

WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS

ANALYSIS" 96A of the total n m"er of loans is gi!en to women entreprene rs.

OBSERVED" It can "e o"ser!ed that the proportion of the total n m"er of women entreprene rs who ac# ire loan from Canara >an) is less than :@A.

TABLE- 1& PERCENTAGE OF AMOUNT OF LOANS TO *OMEN ENTREPRENEURS ,DURING THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 00&SL. NO. 3. 6. PARTICULARS TOT%& ,NTR,4R,N,UR( 2O+,N ,NTR,4R,N,UR( 4,RC,NT%G, AMOUNT OF LOAN ,I. C/0/1- ,R+.9.36 6.: ;@A

AMOUNT OF LOANS GIVEN DURING THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 2008

AMOUNT OF LOAN (IN CRORE) 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 4.12

2.5

TOTAL ENTREPRENEURS

WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS

ANALYSIS" ;@A of the total loan amo nt is gi!en to women entreprene rs.

INFERENCE" It can "e inferred that e!en tho gh the n m"er of women entreprene rs who ac# ire loan from Canara >an) are less, the amo nt gi!en to them is

more than that of male entreprene rs proportionally. This indicates that the >an) enco rages women entreprene rs "y financial assistance.