Professional Documents
Culture Documents
definition
1.Venous spaces present between the two layers of dura
2.Lined by endothelium 3.Devoid of valves
definition
4.Do not have muscle coat in their tunica adventitia. 5.Contain C !
Classification
Paired and unpaired
Paired are: Cavernous sinuses J Petrosal sinuses H,I Transverse sinuses G Sigmoid sinuses C Sphenoparietal sinuses A
unpaired are: Superior sagittal sinus Inferior sagittal sinus Straight sinus Occipital sinus asilar ple!us of sinuses
Cavernous sinus
Situated on either side of the &od' of sphenoid (!tends from superior or&ital fissure To the ape! of petrous temporal
"elations
)ediall' related to pituitar' gland and sphenoidal air sinus $ateral %all contains III,I#,#*,#+ nerves
Connections
It receives tri&utaries from &rain &ones,s-ull.,pter'goid ple!us, or&it and the e'e,central vein of retina.
Superior and inferior ophthalmic veins ,from the or&it. are regarded as emissar' veins as the' do not have valves/
Ophthalmic veins also have communication %ith the facial vein,c0d. so the infections from the 1dangerous area2 of face can spread to Cavernous sinus causing throm&osis/
drainage
Applied anatomy
*/infections from face, or&it,shenoid sinus can cause throm&osis/ +/III,I#,#*,#+,#I can &e involved resulting in various diplopias 3/rupture of ICA can cause pulsatile e!ophthalmos
)4 image at the level of the pituitar' stalsho%s &ilateral involvement of the cavernous sinuses %ith narro%ing of the right internal carotid arter' due to infiltration of the lesion ,arro%s./
5suall' turns to the right side and forms the right transverse sinus
Arachnoid foveae
Tributaries of sup.sagittal sinus */superior cere&ral veins from &rain +/emissar' veins from the scalp 3/diploic veins and nose
*/infections can spread from scalp,nasal cavit' causing throm&osis/ +/ It can &e used to dra% venous &lood9 fluid administration through the anterior fontanelle
Transverse sinuses
Transverse sinuses receive the cavernous sinuses through superior petrosal sinuses/
4ight transverse sinus is usuall' larger than the left because it is the continuation of superior sagittal sinus(!)
$eft transverse sinus is formed &' the continuation of straight sinus/ Straight sinus is formed &' union of inferior sagittal sinus and great cere&ral vein , of Galen.
Straight sinus
Sigmoid sinuses
Continuations of transverse sinuses Groove the inner aspect of posteroinferior angle of parietal &one,mastoid angle. Pass into 7ugular foramina and continue as Internal 7ugular veins,IJ#.
P asterion O
Sigmoid sinus
)astoid process
Sigmoid sinus thrombosis can occur as a complication of otitis media (middle ear infection)
Identif'