USE OF ENGLISH

WORD FORMATION

For questions 1-10, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning. 0! Dont forget "ou ma# need to write the negative, or plural form of the word. $hec% the spelling of #our answers. &o mar%s are given for a word which is misspelt.

!AN "OU TRUST THE INTERNET#

'ost would agree that the golden age of the librar# has well and 0! truly passed and that the internet has overta%en as provider of 1!**************information. +t the same time, there is a growing awareness and 0!*************** that online articles which seem to be based on thorough research, evidence and academic stud#, are not as 3! ************** as the# claim. .nline, a writer has the %ind of 4!********** powers that no ordinar# 7ournalist or author would ever have, and the reader is forced to distinguish between what is actuall# 8!***************** or what is mere opinion. +nd even sites which were once thought to be :!*************now suffer from attac%s carried out b# internet vandals intending to cause deliberate ;!***************with statistics, or publish personal abuse against a well-%nown person, for example. +nother <!********************* issue is that of writers claiming to have academic bac%grounds or >! ********************** in an area when the# do not. 6n 000; online enc#clopedia @i%ipedia admitted that one of their editors, a professor of religious studies who other editors believed to be entirel# 10! *********************, was actuall# a 04-#ear-old student called (#an 9ordan. /efore he was unmas%ed, 9ordan had made over 00,000 alterations to the entries people had posted on the enc#clopedia. T(U) ,-./) 1U12)$T F+$T )56T ./9)$T ()-" +$$U(+T) $.&T(.=)(1" )?2)(T T(U1T

USE OF ENGLISH

O$EN !LO%E

For questions 1-18, complete the following article b# writing one word in each space. The exercise begins with an example 0!.

LISTENING TO &EGETA'LES
1cientists in /onn have developed a method of listening to sounds from plants normall# inaudible 0! to the human ear. The basic technique 1!***************** developed in the &etherlands, but the ,erman equipment is 0!******************* sensitive. @hen a leaf or stem is sliced, the plant signals pain or disma# 3!********* releasing the gas eth#lene over its entire surface. The gas molecules are collected in a bell 7ar and bombarded with laser beams, 4!*************** ma%es them vibrate. The resultant sound waves are amplified in a resonance tube, 8!*************** detected with a sensitive microphone. The :!******************* a plant is sub7ected to stress, the louder the signal. .ne surprising result came from a an apparentl# health# cucumber that was virtuall# shouting ;!***********agon#. <!********** closer stud# showed it >!************** developed mildew, a harmful fungus, though the s#mptoms were 10! *****************apparent. -istening to plants in this 11!**************** could be of great benefit to farmers as an earl#-warning s#stem to detect pests and disease, and as an aid to efficient storing and transporting. +pples, for instance, give 10! ************** high levels of eth#lene, increasing with ripeness and causing neighbouring fruit 13!************ rot. 6nvisible differences of ripeness 14!*************** be detected acousticall#, enabling fruit to be separated into batches in order to prolong 18!******************freshness.

USE OF ENGLISH

(E" WORD TRANSFORMATIONS

For questions 1-<, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not )hange the *or+ gi,en- "ou must use between three and six words, including the word given. There is an example 0!.

0 - 6f the ban% refuses to lend us mone#, we might have to as% #our parents instead. ()AU)1T 6f the ban% turns down our request for a loan, we might have to as% #our parents instead.

1 B Caving a holida# together was a mista%e because we argued all the time. &)=)( 6 wish**************************** on holida# together because we argued all the time. 0 B "ou were not supposed to tell an#one about m# newsD 1)$()T 6Ed rather*********************************** instead of telling ever#one. 3 B +lthough 6 wanted to quit smo%ing graduall#, m# doctor told me to stop immediatel#. 2()F)( 6 *************************************** up smo%ing graduall#, bu# m# doctor told me to stop immediatel#. 4 B 6 would find +nd# more attractive if he didnFt laugh at strange things. 1)&1) 6f it were ***********************************humour, 6 would find +nd# quite attractive. 8 B 6f #ou should ever come to France, please feel free to visit us. C+22)& 2lease feel free to visit us******************************** to France. : B 2atric% is going to lose his 7ob if he insists on arriving late to wor%. G))2 6f *********************************** up late to wor%, 2atric% is going to lose his 7ob. ; B The most li%el# reason for scientists getting the conclusion wrong is that the# were not thorough enough with their research. 2(./+/-" 6f their research had been more thorough, the scientists************** ************************ to the wrong conclusion. < B Tom should have admitted his mista%e, because the compan# usuall# gives emplo#ees another chance. 1)$.&5 The compan# might***************************** if he had admitted his mista%e.