Oracle Session Tracing Part I

James F. Koopmann posted 5/18/2007 | Comments (2)

This is the first in a series to introdue some of the ne! train" onepts and options !ithin
#ra$e.
This insta$$ment fouses on the ne! C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ en,ironment ,aria-$e that an -e
assi"ned to sessions.
The "oa$ of this series is to inform *./s on ho! to tra0 and trae onneted sessions so that
the1 an proper$1 determine !here sessions are e2perienin" performane pro-$ems. This arti$e
presents the ,er1 important onept of assi"nin" a $ient identifier to a session. This $ient
identifier !i$$ -e used in future arti$es as this !i$$ -e one !a1 to initiate traes. This arti$e first
presents the issue of !h1 !e shou$d use the $ient identifier and then ho! !e an uti$i3e it !hen
$oo0in" at sessions as the1 are onneted in rea$ time.
To -e"in4 !e must first ome to "rips !ith the simp$e onept of the "$o-a$i3ation of sessions
!ithin #ra$e that ours. The da1s of sin"$e dediated ser,er onnetions and one onnetion
uni5ue$1 identif1in" a sin"$e user are $on" "one. (o! man1 midd$e6tier app$iations ma0e use of
poo$in" mehanisms that hide the identit1 of a onneted user or session that does not a$$o! 1ou
or me to ade5uate$1 tra0 and trae effeti,e$1 -eause of the reuse of session ids. This is !here
1ou need to start thin0in" of definin" 1our o!n $ient identifier for the users that use 1our
data-ase s1stems. This is 7ust !hat #ra$e no! has and throu"h the use of a $ient identifier
a$$o!s for 1ou to either further se"re"ate or onso$idate sessions -1 assi"nin" an identifier that
desri-es the onnetion for a partiu$ar user or set of users.. For e2amp$e4 suppose 1ou ha,e a
de,e$opment en,ironment !here e,er1one $o"s in as a partiu$ar shema user and -eause of the
onnetion mehanisms emp$o1ed4 users !i$$ reuse the same session id sometimes !hen the1
onnet. 8e$$4 if 1ou e,er !anted to trae these sessions to determine !ho !as onsumin" ,ast
amounts of resoures or !as issuin" partiu$ar 9:%4 1ou !ou$d -e ,er1 hard pressed to run a
trae and fi$ter for that user sine the hi"h ati,it1 !ou$d not "uarantee an1 one user !as on a
partiu$ar session id. This is !here 1ou ou$d emp$o1 the use of a $ient identifier as #ra$e no!
$ets us trae and trae reports on a uni5ue $ient identifier. To "et this "oin" a$$ 1ou need to do is
in,o0e the *.;9)9'99&#(.9'T)&*'(T&F&'+ proedure !hen the session $o"s in. Fi"ure 1
"i,es a ,er1 simp$isti method throu"h a $o"on tri""er to set the $ient identifier. <ou an use
an1thin" to distin"uish the session suh as &= address4 omputer / host name4 o/s user4 or a
predefined app$iation name. & ha,e ta0en use of the *.;9)C#(T>T a$$s for user
en,ironment information.
Fi"ure 1
%o"on tri""er to set $ient)identifier
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER LOGON_TRIGGER
AFTER LOGON ON DATABASE
DECLARE
v_user_identifier varchar2!"#$
BEGIN
SELECT S%S_CONTE&T'(SEREN)'* 'OS_(SER'#
++','++
S%S_CONTE&T'(SEREN)'* 'IP_ADDRESS'#
INTO v_user_identifier
FRO- dua.$
DB-S_SESSION/SET_IDENTIFIERv_user_identifier#$
END$
0
(o! !hen !e ta0e a $oo0 at the ?@9'99&#( ,ie!4 !e an see this C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ set
for ,arious sessions. %istin" 1 "i,es this t1pe of output. (o! if !e had the same data-ase user
onnet throu"h some po$$in" mehanism4 if !e set our $ient identifier proper$14 !e ha,e the
potentia$ to see a different $ient identifier. /$so if !e !ant to set the same $ient identifier for a
"roup of users4 !e ou$d do that a$so. There are a$so methods of settin" the $ient identifier from
!ithin #C& and J*.C.
%istin" 1
?@9'99&#( output
1 SELECT sid* c.ient_identifier*
2 service_na2e* acti3n* 23du.e
45 FRO- )6SESSION
SID CLIENT_IDENTIFIER SER)ICE_NA-E ACTION -OD(LE
7777777777 77777777777777777777 7777777777777 777777777777 77777777777
1"8 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 :1=1 2s>r?42/e@e
1"! 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 :1=1 22c/e@e
1"< 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 :1=1 SAL5P.us
18! 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 :1=1 s.;.us/e@e
8e !i$$ "et to atua$$1 train" in a future arti$e -ut -asia$$1 the o$umns supp$ied in the 9:%
se$et statement in %istin" 1 are a$$ a$$o!ed to fi$ter and onso$idate train" statistis on.
Aopefu$$1 1ou an see that -1 settin" a $ient identifier !e ha,e 7ust added "reat po!er in
determinin" the un0no!n users of our data-ase. 8e an no! throu"h e2tra train" options
determine !ho and !hatBs ausin" pro-$ems in our data-ase. /$so note that -eause this fie$d an
-e han"ed at !i$$4 there is nothin" to $imit 1ou to 0eepin" the same C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ for
the $ife of the session. This ma1 ome in hand1 if 1our session atua$$1 performs different tas0s
that distin"uish it from other sessions that ori"ina$$1 had the same identifier.
/fter settin" this $ient identifier4 !e ha,e a$read1 seen that 1ou ma1 ,ie! this settin" -1 the a
5uer1 to the ?@9'99&#( ,ie!. <ou ma1 an a$so see the statistis around a partiu$ar
C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ from the ?@/CT&?')9'99&#()A&9T#+< ,ie!. %istin" 2 "i,es a
5uer1 that !e !ou$d t1pia$$1 issue to see the historia$ !ait ati,it1 for sessions in the $ast C0
minutes. (otie that !e ha,e the same $ient identifier (C%&'(T)&*) for eah of the ro!s. This
is fine if 1ou are onerned !ith on$1 tra0in" do!n one session that mi"ht -e e2perienin" hi"h
!ait times -ut sometimes it is the aumu$ated !ait time that is aused -1 an app$iation 1ou are
onerned a-out. To ans!er that 5uestion !e an "roup on the C%&'(T)&* o$umn no! and "et
a summation for a partiu$ar $ient identifier. This does assume 1ou ha,e set 1our $ient identifier
to somethin" more than !hat & ha,e set mine to and somethin" in $ine !ith the app$iation area
of interest. %istin" C sho!s 7ust suh a 5uer1 1ou mi"ht issue to sum tota$ !aits for an
app$iation area or in m1 ase user onnetion aross mu$tip$e sessions.
%istin" 2
%oo0in" at indi,idua$ session !ait ati,it1
se.ect sessi3n_id* c.ient_id* event*
su2Bait_ti2e C ti2e_Baited# tt._Bait_ti2e
fr32 v6active_sessi3n_hist3r? active_sessi3n_hist3r?
Bhere sa2;.e_ti2e DetBeen s?sdate 7 !=02EE= and s?sdate
Fr3u; D? sessi3n_id* c.ient_id* event
3rder D? 2$
SESSION_ID CLIENT_ID E)ENT TTL_GAIT_TI-E
7777777777 77777777777777777777 777777777777777777777777777777 7777777777777
1"8 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 SAL5Net 2essaFe t3 c.ient 4
1"8 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 dD fi.e scattered read 1111!<
1"8 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 dD fi.e se>uentia. read 8H==4
1"8 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 direct ;ath read te2; H441"
1"8 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 direct ;ath Brite te2; 2
18! 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 SAL5Net 2essaFe fr32 c.ient 2"41H2!E1
1!= 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 dD fi.e scattered read 1E!8<
1!= 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 dD fi.e se>uentia. read 2E1"1
1!= 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 direct ;ath read te2; "EE<
1!= 9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 direct ;ath Brite te2; 2"
%istin" C
/umu$ated !ait ati,it1 for an app$iation area or user defined area
se.ect c.ient_id* event*
su2Bait_ti2e C ti2e_Baited# tt._Bait_ti2e
fr32 v6active_sessi3n_hist3r? active_sessi3n_hist3r?
Bhere sa2;.e_ti2e DetBeen s?sdate 7 !=02EE= and s?sdate
Fr3u; D? c.ient_id* event
3rder D? 1$
CLIENT_ID E)ENT TTL_GAIT_TI-E
77777777777777777777 777777777777777777777777777777 7777777777777
9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 SAL5Net 2essaFe fr32 c.ient 2"41H2!E1
9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 SAL5Net 2essaFe t3 c.ient 4
9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 dD fi.e scattered read 12HE2"
9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 dD fi.e se>uentia. read 118884
9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 direct ;ath read te2; HE2=1
9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1 direct ;ath Brite te2; 2!
/$so if 1ou e,er find 1ourse$f !antin" to 0no! !hat 1our C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ is set to so
that 1ou an monitor or ta0e some for of $o"ia$ ation !ithin an app$iation4 1ou need on$1 issue
the fo$$o!in" 9:%.
SELECT S%S_CONTE&T'(SEREN)'*'CLIENT_IDENTIFIER'# CLIENT_IDENTIFIER
FRO- D(AL$
CLIENT_IDENTIFIER
7777777777777777777
9:33;2ann,12</=/=/1
&f 1ou e,er !ish to $ear out the C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ for a session4 1ou need on$1 e2eute the
fo$$o!in" proedure.
*.;9)9'99&#(.C%'/+)&*'(T&F&'+
The use of a C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ an ome in hand1 for man1 situations !here monitorin"
indi,idua$ sessions or a "roup of sessions is re5uired. &t does not matter if those sessions onnet
to the same session id or different ones. &f 1ou hoose 1our $ient identifier proper$1 for "roups
of app$iations or users4 1ou an no! "enerate true !ait re$ated information that te$$s 1ou e2at$1
!hat the1 ha,e -een doin". 9ta1 tuned for more session train" in the ne2t part of this series.
Oracle Session Tracing Part II
James F. Koopmann posted 5/2D/2007 | Comments (1)
+ead on and $earn ho! to set the modu$e and ation names.
&n =art & of this 9ession Train" 9eries !e $earned ho! to set the C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ session
,aria-$e and ho! !e ou$d 5uer1 it from the ?@9'99&#( ,ie!. 8e a$so $oo0ed at ho! to $oo0
at the resoures onsumed in rea$6time for that C%&'(T)&*'(T&F'+ so that !e ou$d
determine if $ar"e amounts of resoures !ere attri-uted to a uni5ue or "roup of $ient
onnetions. &f 1ou remem-er from =art &4 !e in,o0ed a $o"on tri""er !hene,er a session
onneted and then 5ueried the ?@9'99&#( ,ie!. This "a,e us output simi$ar to that of %istin"
1. From this output 1ou an see a C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ that is -ein" set4 & han"ed the $o"on
tri""er to put in host name instead of &= address in this e2amp$e4 and 1ou an see that the modu$e
name did "et popu$ated for the app$iations & used to onnet from (9:%E=$us and #ra$e
/dministrati,e /ssistant). /$so note that the ation fie$d is -$an0. /$so notie that the there are
t!o onnetions usin" 9:%E=$us from host F&('6/%' and one onnetion from host
=/F%/('+.
%istin" 1
?@9'99&#( output
SALI SELECT sid* c.ient_identifier* acti3n* 23du.e FRO- )6SESSION
SID CLIENT_IDENTIFIER ACTION -OD(LE
7777 77777777777777777777777777777777777777777 77777777777777777777
777777777777777777
144 Ja2esKF/KL33;2ann,PINEMORSENFINE7ALE SAL5P.us
148 Ja2esKF/KL33;2ann,PINEMORSENFINE7ALE 22c/e@e
1"H Ja2esKF/KL33;2ann,PINEMORSENFINE7ALE SAL5P.us
142 PA(LANERNAd2inistrat3r,PINEMORSENPA(LANER SAL5P.us
The settin" of the C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ !as of "reat importane -ut if !e !ant to "et finer
"ranu$arit1 on the atua$ amount of resoures that are -ein" onsumed !ithin ertain modu$es of
ode or !ithin ertain -usiness units of !or0 !e need to no! $oo0 at the
*.;9)/==%&C/T&#()&(F# pa0a"e pro,ided -1 #ra$e. ;ost app$iations !i$$ "i,e some
form of modu$e name !hen 1ou see onnetions omin" aross -ut !i$$ $ea,e the /CT&#(
name unset. The settin" of a modu$e name is fine for some irumstanes -ut to "et a rea$
indiation of !here in the ode resoures are -ein" done -oth fie$ds shou$d -e onsidered !hen
!ritin" app$iations. This namin" !i$$ a$$o! 1ou as a *./ or de,e$oper the a-i$it1 to tra0 do!n
uni5ue onnetions that 1ou are onerned !ith in rea$6time or for $atter train" runs. This
"ranu$arit1 is hi"h$1 desired !hen de-u""in" a performane -ott$ene0 and 1ou !i$$ !ant to pin
point !hat app$iation modu$e is onsumin" the most resoures throu"h the ;#*F%' name and
!hat is -ein" done (/CT&#() !ithin the ode. To do this4 it is imperati,e4 that the app$iations
set the name of the modu$e and the ation -ein" performed eah and e,er1 time it enters a ne!
modu$e or the ation of the transation han"es. The modu$e name ou$d -e the setion of ode
or proedure -ein" e2euted4 !hi$e the ation ou$d -e a -usiness unit of !or0 or an indi,idua$
statement. The purpose is to -e a-$e to tie resoures used to a unit of !or0 that 1ou are onerned
a-out.
Ca$$in" the *.;9)/==%&C/T&#()&(F# =a0a"e
Fsin" the *.;9)/==%&C/T&#()&(F# pa0a"e is 5uite simp$isti. / simp$e a$$ to
9'T)/CT&#( is a$$ that is re5uired to set the /CT&#( name. This a$$ has the form ofG
DB-S_APPLICATION_INFO/SET_ACTION acti3n_na2e IN )ARCMAR2#$
9o if 1ou !anted to set the /CT&#( to B%#H#( T+&HH'+B 1ou ou$d onstrut the a$$ asG
DB-S_APPLICATION_INFO/SET_ACTION'LOGON TRIGGER'#$
This ation name shou$d -e ,er1 desripti,e of the t1pe of ation -ein" done !ithin the ode and
is a$!a1s -est to set this -efore the atua$ ation is performed. That !a1 !hen the ation is -ein"
performed 1ou !i$$ see the /CT&#( in the ?@9'99&#( ,ie! and 0no! that it is urrent$1 -ein"
done. 8hen the transation or speifi ation is omp$ete !ithin 1our ode 1ou shou$d set it -a0
to (F%% or to the ne2t ation to -e performed. This settin" of to (F%% or a ,a$id ne2t
transation t1pe is ,er1 important. &f 1ou do not adhere to this pattern4 future resoures !i$$ -e
attri-uted to the $ast /CT&#( and 1ou !i$$ $ose an1 true performane statistis.
The settin" of the ;#*F%' name is done throu"h a a$$ to the 9'T);#*F%' proedure and
has the form ofG
DB-S_APPLICATION_INFO/SET_-OD(LE 23du.e_na2e IN )ARCMAR2*
acti3n_na2e IN )ARCMAR2#$
/$$ of the su""estions around settin" the /CT&#( app$1 to the settin" the ;#*F%' name as
!e$$. 8hen settin" this namin" fie$d4 1ou !ant to set it -efore the atua$ e2eution !ithin the
ode is started and 1ou !ant to ma0e sure to set the ;#*F%' -a0 to (F%% or to the ne2t
;#*F%' to -e e2euted so as to not miss6represent an1 statistis enountered after the true
e2eution of the ode is omp$ete. /s 1ou mi"ht ha,e reo"ni3ed4 this 9'T);#*F%'
proedure a$$o!s for the settin" of the /CT&#( name a$so. <ou shou$d use this to set 1our
;#*F%' and /CT&#( name !hen first enterin" a ne! modu$e of ode -ut use the
9'T)/CT&#( proedure after in the modu$e. This !i$$ $imit some of the o,erhead of settin"
these names as & am sure there are some minisu$e $o0in" "oin" on -ehind the senes. 9o for
our $o"on tri""er if & !anted to no! set the atua$ ;#*F%' and /CT&#( names it !ou$d $oo0
$i0e that of Fi"ure 1. <ou shou$d note that this is 5uite an e2treme e2amp$e of settin" these
session ,aria-$es -ut rea$$1 7ust !anted to "i,e a f$a,or for ho! to do this. (otie that the
;#*F%' name !as set to B%#H#()T+&HH'+B and the /CT&#( is to indiate a 9'%'CT
from *F/%. /$so note that at the end of the tri""er !e set the ;#*F%' and /CT&#( -a0 to
(F%% so that !e are ertain not to mess up statistia$ o$$etion. /$so p$ease note that & ha,e put
in a a$$ to the *.;9)%#CK pa0a"e to s$eep so that & ou$d see this settin" of the ;#*F%'
and /CT&#( names.
Fi"ure 1
%o"on tri""er to set $ient)identifier4 modu$e4 and ation
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER LOGON_TRIGGER
AFTER LOGON ON DATABASE
DECLARE
v_user_identifier varchar2!"#$
BEGIN
DB-S_APPLICATION_INFO/SET_-OD(LE
23du.e_na2e OI 'LOGON_TRIGGER'*
acti3n_na2e OI 'SELECT FRO- D(AL'#$
SELECT S%S_CONTE&T'(SEREN)'* 'OS_(SER'#
++','++
S%S_CONTE&T'(SEREN)'* 'MOST'#
INTO v_user_identifier
FRO- dua.$
DB-S_SESSION/SET_IDENTIFIERv_user_identifier#$
dD2s_.3c:/s.ee;8#$
DB-S_APPLICATION_INFO/SET_-OD(LEN(LL*N(LL#$
END$
0
(o! !hen !e 5uer1 the ?@9'99&#( ,ie! !e an see the settin" of these ,aria-$es throu"h
%istin" 2. /fter the *.;9)%#CK.9%''= a$$ is omp$ete the ;#*F%' name returns to
B9:%E=$usB and the /CT&#( is (F%%. & am thin0in" this is a funtion of 7ust usin" 9:%E=$us
and 1ou shou$d not re$1 on #ra$e settin" these -a0 to the ori"ina$ a$$.
%istin" 2
?@9'99&#( output after settin" ;#*F%' and /CT&#( names
SALI SELECT sid* c.ient_identifier* acti3n* 23du.e FRO- )6SESSION
SID CLIENT_IDENTIFIER ACTION -OD(LE
7777 77777777777777777777777777777777777777777 77777777777777777777
777777777777777777
144 Ja2esKF/KL33;2ann,PINEMORSENFINE7ALE SELECT FRO- D(AL
LOGON_TRIGGER
148 Ja2esKF/KL33;2ann,PINEMORSENFINE7ALE 22c/e@e
1"H Ja2esKF/KL33;2ann,PINEMORSENFINE7ALE SAL5P.us
142 PA(LANERNAd2inistrat3r,PINEMORSENPA(LANER SAL5P.us
=roper settin" of the /CT&#( and ;#*F%' name are imperati,e for o$$etin" statistis
around speifi ode funtions and transations. #ne the1 are set 1ou an no! -e"in "ettin"
those fine "rain detai$s a-out the area of ode that is performin" poor$1. (e2t time !e start
$oo0in" at ho! to atua$$1 pu$$ out of urrent sessions that fine "rain information to 3ero in on
!here !e need to onentrate our tunin" efforts.
Oracle Session Tracing Part III
James F. Koopmann posted D/1/2007 | Comments (1)
'2p$ore ho! to ena-$e and disa-$e #ra$e train" !ith *.;9);#(&T#+ pa0a"e in 10".
&n =art & !e $earned ho! to set the C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ session ,aria-$e to more aurate$1
pinpoint resoure onsumption for an indi,idua$ user or "roup of users. 8e did this throu"h
5ueries to rea$6time ati,it1 ,ie!s suh as ?@9'99&#( and ?@/CT&?')9'99&#()A&9T#+<.
&n =art && !e $earned ho! to set the /CT&#( and ;#*F%' name so that !e ou$d tra0 !here
in our ode transations !here -ein" e2euted and tra0 the use of resoures -1 transation t1pe
or setion of ode.
/$on" !ith these possi-$1 ne! session identifiers4 there has a$!a1s -een three session
en,ironment ,aria-$es that "et set from !hen a user onnets to the data-ase and are important
!hen ta$0in" a-out train" a partiu$ar session or "roup of sessions. These !ou$d -e the 9&*4
9'+&/%I4 and 9'+?&C')(/;'. These ha,e -een around #ra$e sessions for 5uite some time
-ut are presented in Ta-$e 1 !ith the three ne! ,aria-$es presented in =arts & J && of this series to
pro,ide for a 5ui0 refresher. This set of si2 session ,aria-$es no! "i,es us the a-i$it1 to ati,ate
train" for the session in a ,ariet1 of !a1s.
Table 1
Sessi3n )ariaD.e Descri;ti3n
SID Identifier f3r the c3nnected sessi3n/
SERIALP Seria. nu2Der 3f the c3nnected/
SER)ICE_NA-E Service na2e 3f the sessi3n and re;resents the
dataDase c3nnected t3/
-OD(LE Na2e t3 re;resent the 23du.e 3r c3de DeinF e@ecuted/
ACTION Na2e t3 re;resent the acti3n DeinF ;erf3r2ed D? the
23du.e/
CLIENT_IDENTIFIER Identifier t3 re;resent the c.ient sessi3n
DBMS_MONITOR Package
&n #ra$e 10"4 !e ha,e -een "i,en the *.;9);#(&T#+ pa0a"e. This pa0a"e a$$o!s us to
interat and ontro$ the train" and statistis "atherin" of sessions throu"h a =%/9:% interfae.
Ta-$e 2 "i,es a$$ of the pro"rams !e an a$$ throu"h the *.;9);#(&T#+ pa0a"e. /s 1ou
an see4 a$$ our si2 ,aria-$es are represented for us to -e"in train" throu"h. Ta-$e C "i,es a
5ui0 referene "uide on the a,ai$a-$e pro"rams !ithin the *.;9);#(&T#+ pa0a"e and ho!
1ou mi"ht ena-$e these traes.
Table 2
=ro"ram *esription (otes
C%&'(T)&*)9T/T)'(/.%'
C%&'(T)&*)9T/T)*&9/.%'
'na-$e / *isa-$e
9tatistis "atherin" for /
"i,en C$ient &dentifier
9tatistis an -e seen throu"h
?@C%&'(T)9T/T9.
C%&'(T)&*)T+/C')'(/.%'
C%&'(T)&*)T+/C')*&9/.%'
'na-$e / *isa-$e
Train" for / "i,en C$ient
&dentifier
Trae data ma1 -e !ritten to
man1 trae fi$es as the trae
ma1 effet mu$tip$e onneted
sessions !ith the same $ient
identifier.
9'+?);#*)/CT)9T/T)'(/.%'
9'+?);#*)/CT)9T/T)*&9/.%'
'na-$e / *isa-$e
9tatistis "atherin" for
(9er,ie
(ame/;#*F%'//CT&#
() om-ination.
9tatistis an -e seen throu"h
?@9'+?);#*)/CT)9T/T
9.
9'+?);#*)/CT)T+/C')'(/.%
'
9'+?);#*)/CT)T+/C')*&9/.
%'
'na-$e / *isa-$e
Train" for (9er,ie
(ame/;#*F%'//CT&#
() om-ination.
Trae data ma1 -e !ritten to
man1 trae fi$es as the trae
ma1 effet mu$tip$e onneted
sessions.
9'99&#()T+/C')'(/.%'
9'99&#()T+/C')'&9/.%'
'na-$e / *isa-$e
Train" for a session
identifier (9&*)
9ession must e2ist
Traes on$1 a "i,en session
'na-$es / *isa-$es a trae for
the instane su-mitter is
onneted to.
Table 3
=ro"ram '2amp$e Ao! to 'na-$e
C%&'(T)&*)9T/T)'(/.%'
C%&'(T)&*)9T/T)*&9/.%'
*.;9);#(&T#+.C%&'(T)&*)9T/T)'(/.%'
($ient)identifier)K
C%&'(T)&*)T+/C')'(/.%'
C%&'(T)&*)T+/C')*&9/.%'
*.;9);#(&T#+.C%&'(T)&*)T+/C')'(/.%'
($ient)id4 !aits4 -inds)K
((otes)
!aits G &f T+F'4 !ait information is present in the trae.
.inds G &f T+F'4 -ind information is present in the trae.
9'+?);#*)/CT)9T/T)'(/.%'
9'+?);#*)/CT)9T/T)*&9/.%'
*.;9);#(&T#+.9'+?);#*)/CT)9T/T)'(/.%
' (ser,ie)name4 modu$e)name4 ation)name)K
((otes)
/tion)name4 ma1 -e an empt1 fie$d if not defined for the
session.
To referene /%% sessions that ha,e an ation)name
defined4 use the *.;9);#(&T#+./%%)/CT&#(9
,aria-$e.
To referene /%% sessions that do not ha,e this ,aria-$e
defined4 use (F%%.
The ontents of this fie$d is atua$$1 BIII/%%)/CT&#(9B
and 1ou shou$d a,oid namin" an1 ations or modu$e
names !ith this.
9'+?);#*)/CT)T+/C')'(/.%
'
9'+?);#*)/CT)T+/C')*&9/.
%'
*.;9);#(&T#+.9'+?);#*)/CT)T+/C')'(/.
%' (ser,ie)name4 modu$e)name4 ation)name4 !aits4
-inds4 instane)name)K
((otes)
/tion)name4 ma1 -e an empt1 fie$d if not defined for the
session.
To referene /%% sessions that ha,e an ation)name
defined4 use the *.;9);#(&T#+./%%)/CT&#(9
,aria-$e.
To referene /%% sessions that do not ha,e this ,aria-$e
defined4 use (F%%.
The ontents of this fie$d is atua$$1 BIII/%%)/CT&#(9B
and 1ou shou$d a,oid namin" an1 ations or modu$e
names !ith this.
!aits G &f T+F'4 !ait information is present in the trae.
.inds G &f T+F'4 -ind information is present in the trae.
instane)name restrits train" to the named
instane)name.
9'99&#()T+/C')'(/.%'
9'99&#()T+/C')*&9/.%'
*.;9);#(&T#+.9'99&#()T+/C')'(/.%'
(session)id4 seria$)num-er4 !aits4 -inds)
((otes)
session)id4 ;ust pro,ide. &f 7ust a session)id is "i,en than
a$$ seria$ num-ers !i$$ -e traed. &f session)id and
seria$)num-er are (F%% than 1ou trae 1our o!n urrent
session.
!aits G &f T+F'4 !ait information is present in the trae.
.inds G &f T+F'4 -ind information is present in the trae.
Examples to Enable Disable Tracing
.efore 1ou an ena-$e or disa-$e train" 1ou need to first determine the onneted session or
"roup of sessions 1ou !ou$d $i0e to trae. &f 1ou ha,e set the C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+4
;#*F%')(/;'4 or /CT&#()(/;' as presri-ed in the pre,ious parts to this series 1ou do
not neessari$1 need to $oo0 for them as 1ou shou$d ha,e a $ist that desri-es their ations.
/$thou"h sometimes 1ou are tunin" in a more adho en,ironment !here 1ou are on$1 onerned
!ith !hat is effetin" 1our s1stem urrent$1. This ou$d -e an indi,idua$ session or a "roup of
sessions !hih !i$$ -e defined -1 their C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+4 ;#*F%')(/;'4
/CT&#()(/;'4 or 9'+?&C')(/;'. To "et a fee$ for !hat is e2eutin" urrent$1 on 1our
s1stem 1ou need on$1 5uer1 the ?@9'99&#( ,ie!. %istin" 1 "i,es the 9:% and resu$ts of !hat
1ou mi"ht see.
Listing 1
1 SELECT sid* seria.P*
c.ient_identifier* service_na2e* acti3n* 23du.e
FRO- )6SESSION
SID SERIALP CLIENT_IDENTIFIER SER)ICE_NA-E ACTION -OD(LE
7777777777 7777777 77777777777777777777 7777777777777 777777777777 77777777777
1"8 4" Fe3rFe,12</=/=/1 ACCT INSERT -ONTM PA%ROLL
1"! 42 93hnn?,12</=/=/2 ACCT CANCEL CMECL BILLPA%
1"< 8" suQ?,12</=/=/4 MR -OD)ACATION
18! !" .isa,12</=/=/" MR INSERT MIST
ADDE-PLO%EE
1/ EnaD.e statistics FatherinF f3r CLIENT_IDENTIFIER BeDc.ient/
E&EC(TE DB-S_-ONITOR/CLIENT_ID_STAT_ENABLE'GEBCLIENT'#$
2/ EnaD.e tracinF f3r CLIENT_IDENTIFIER 93hnn?,12</=/=/2 Bith Bait
inf3r2ati3n Dut n3 Dind inf3r2ati3n
E&EC(TE
DB-S_-ONITOR/CLIENT_ID_TRACE_ENABLE'93hnn?,12<,=/=/2'*TR(E*FALSE#$
4/ EnaD.e statistics FatherinF f3r service_na2e ACCT* 23du.e PA%ROLL* and
a.. acti3ns
E&EC(TE
DB-S_-ONITOR/SER)_-OD_ACT_STAT_ENABLE'ACCT'*'PA%ROLL'*DB-S_-ONITOR/ALL_ACTIO
NS#$
"/ EnaD.e tracinF f3r servide_na2e MR Dut 3n.? f3r the ADDE-PLO%EE 23du.e
and inc.ude Bait and Dind inf3r2ati3n/
E&EC(TE DB-S_-ONITOR/SER)_-OD_ACT_TRACE_ENABLE'MR'*'ADDE-PLO%EE'*
DB-S_-ONITOR/ALL_ACTIONS*TR(E*TR(E*N(LL#$
8/ EnaD.e tracinF f3r sessi3n id 1"2 and inc.ude Bait and Dind
inf3r2ati3n
E&EC(TE DB-S_-ONITOR/SESSION_TRACE_ENABLE1"8*4"* TR(E* TR(E#$
!/ Trace 2? current sessi3n
E&EC(TE DB-S_-ONITOR/SESSION_TRACE_ENABLEN(LL*N(LL* TR(E* TR(E#$
!ie" #o$r Enable% Tracing
To ta0e a $oo0 at !hat 1ou ha,e ena-$ed train" and statistis "atherin" for 1ou need on$1 ta0e a
$oo0 at the t!o ,ie!s *./)'(/.%'*)T+/C'9 and *./)'(/.%'*)/HH+'H/T&#(9.
%istin" 2 "i,es the output from se$etin" from these t!o ,ie!s for our e2amp$es. (otie that the
e2amp$es 5 J D !here !e started a trae for the sessions did not sho! up in %istin" 2. These
must sti$$ -e reo"ni3ed -1 "oin" to the user dump $oation on dis0 and $oo0in" for the trae fi$es
"enerated.
&isting 2
SALI se.ect 5 fr32 DBA_ENABLED_TRACES $
TRACE_T%PE SER)ICE -OD(LE ACTION GAITS
BINDS INSTANCE_NA-E
777777777777777777777 77777777777777777777 7777777777777 7777777777 77777
77777 7777777777777777
CLIENT_ID 93hnn?,12<,=/=/2 TR(E
FALSE
SER)ICE_-OD(LE MR ADDE-PLO%EE TR(E TR(E
SALI SELECT 5 FRO- DBA_ENABLED_AGGREGATIONS $
AGGREGATION SER)ICE -OD(LE ACTION
77777777777777777777 77777777777777777777 77777777777777777777
77777777777777777777
CLIENT_ID BeDc.ient
SER)ICE_-OD(LE ACCT PA%ROLL
'na-$in" and disa-$in" train" and statistia$ "atherin" has ta0en on a !ho$e ne! meanin" in
#ra$e 10". &t has -eome easier to ena-$e and mana"e !ith the *.;9);#(&T#+ pa0a"e.
8e are not strapped -1 the o$d methods of train" !here !e ou$d 7ust trae an indi,idua$
session -ut an no! trae aross sessions -1 usin" the C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+4
9'+?&C')(/;'4 ;#*F%')(/;'4 and /CT&#()(/;'. (e2t time !e !i$$ $oo0 at !here
some of the atua$ train" information resides and ho! to 5uer1 from interna$ ta-$es in #ra$e.
Oracle Session Tracing Part I!
James F. Koopmann posted D/8/2007 | Comments (0)
&n =art &&& !e $eft off disp$a1in" the ena-$ed traes and statisti "atherin"s !e ena-$ed throu"h
the *.;9);#(&T#+ pa0a"e.+ea$$ that in =art &&& !e 5ueried the
*./)'(/.%'*)/HH+'H/T&#(9 ,ie! and had a $istin" suh as in %istin" 1. Ta-$e 1 "i,es
a -rea0do!n of the *./)'(/.%'*)/HH+'H/T&#(9 ,ie! as & ha,e renamed some of the
o$umns for %istin" 1.
%istin" 1
DBA_ENABLED_AGGREGATIONS
SALI SELECT 5 FRO- DBA_ENABLED_AGGREGATIONS $
AGGREGATION SER)ICE -OD(LE ACTION
77777777777777777777 77777777777777777777 77777777777777777777
77777777777777777777
CLIENT_ID BeDc.ient
SER)ICE_-OD(LE ACCT PA%ROLL
Ta-$e 1
*./)'(/.%'*)/HH+'H/T&#(9
Co$umn *esription
/HH+'H/T&#()T<='
This is the t1pe of statistia$ a""re"ation -ein" done. This re$ates to the
atua$ proedure a$$ed in the *.;9);#(&T#+ pa0a"e. &n %istin" 1
& !e ha,e a$$ed the C%&'(T)&*)9T/T)'(/.%' and
9'+?);#*)/CT)9T/T)'(/.%' proedures
=+&;/+<)&* This is the C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ or 9'+?&C')(/;' in the a$$
:F/%&F&'+)&*1 The modu$e name
:F/%&F&'+)&*2 The ation name
&n the $ast three parts of this series !e ha,e a$so 3eroed in on settin" different session
en,ironment ,aria-$es. Those ,aria-$es !ere C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+4 /CT&#(4 and ;#*F%'.
8e ha,e a$so tra0ed some of the sessions -1 9&*4 9'99&#()&*4 9'+?&C')(/;'4 and
9'+&/%I. & thou"ht it mi"ht -e interestin" to ta0e a $oo0 at !here !ithin #ra$eBs interna$ ,ie!s
these o$umns mi"ht -e defined as this ou$d he$p us in our future needs of in,esti"ation. &nstead
of searhin" throu"h the end$ess doumentation of #ra$e4 & instead deided to produe a 5uer1
(%istin" 2) in !hih & 5ueried the *./)T/.)C#%F;(9 ,ie! to ta0e a $oo0 at !hat interna$
#ra$e ,ie!s or o-7ets ha,e these o$umns in ommon. & an then from the output ta0e a $oo0 at
the definitions of those named o-7ets that intri"ue me. %istin" 2 is on$1 a partia$ $istin" and &
enoura"e 1ou to e2eute the 5uer1 and see the tota$ output. That !a1 if 1ou are e,er interested
in searhin" for a sin"e o$umn or om-ination of o$umns 1ou !i$$ 0no! !here !ithin the
#ra$e interna$ ,ie!s this information is stored. *o not ta0e this output too $i"ht$1. &f 1ou
remem-er that !e !ere ena-$in" statistis "atherin" and train" in the pre,ious parts to this
arti$e for om-inations of these o$umns4 1ou an 5ui0$1 see !here in this $istin" the
information is 0ept and !here a""re"ates on o$umns are stored. .e a$so !arned that most of the
output 1ou !i$$ see are for #ra$eBs !or0$oad repositor14 ad,isories4 and snapshots mehanisms
and are not of an1 rea$ use un$ess 1ou are usin" those uti$ities. For us & ha,e on$1 $eft the o-7ets
!e !i$$ -e onerned !ith for $oo0in" at the "athered statistis !e ha,e ena-$ed. Ta-$e 2 "i,es a
-rief e2p$anation of these ,ie!s4 ho! 1ou mi"ht use them4 and some thin"s to $oo0 out for.
%istin" 2
:uer1 to in,esti"ate #ra$e ?ie!s that ontain our statistia$ information
se.ect taD.e_na2e
*su2dec3dec3.u2n_na2e*'SID'*1*'SESSION_ID'*1*=## SID
*su2dec3dec3.u2n_na2e*'CLIENT_ID'*1*'CLIENT_IDENTIFIER'*1*=##
CLIENT_ID
*su2dec3dec3.u2n_na2e*'SER)ICE_NA-E'*1*=##
SER)ICE_NA-E
*su2dec3dec3.u2n_na2e*'ACTION'*1*=## ACTION
*su2dec3dec3.u2n_na2e*'-OD(LE'*1*=## -OD(LE
*su2dec3dec3.u2n_na2e*'SERIALP'*1*=## SERIALP
fr32 se.ect 3Bner*taD.e_na2e*c3.u2n_na2e
fr32 dDa_taD_c3.u2ns
Bhere 3Bner O 'S%S'
and c3.u2n_na2e in 'SID'* 'SESSION_ID'*
'CLIENT_ID'* 'CLIENT_IDENTIFIER'*
'SER)ICE_NA-E'* 'ACTION'* '-OD(LE'* 'SERIALP'##
Fr3u; D? taD.e_na2e
3rder D? taD.e_na2e
0
CLIENT SER)ICE
TABLE_NA-E SID ID NA-E ACTION -OD(LE SERIALP
777777777777777777777777777777 777 777777 7777777 777777 777777 7777777
DBA_MIST_ACTI)E_SESS_MISTOR% 1 1 = 1 1 =
)_6ACTI)E_SESSION_MISTOR% 1 1 = 1 1 =
)_6CLIENT_STATS = 1 = = = =
)_6SER)ICE_STATS = = 1 = = =
)_6SER)_-OD_ACT_STATS = = 1 1 1 =
Ta-$e 2
Ta-$e *esription
?)@/CT&?')9'99&#()A&9T#+<
The ?@/CT&?')9'99&#()A&9T#+< ,ie! is a
ho$din" area for samp$ed session data performed on
1our -eha$f from the #ra$e en"ine. This data is
samp$ed one per seond and is a "reat resoure for
determinin" !here the true -ott$ene0 $ies in 1our
s1stem.
Fse this ,ie! in on7untion !ith settin" the
C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+4 /CT&#(4 and ;#*F%' to
a""re"ate (H+#F= .<) and find the $ar"est onsumers
of resoures !ithin 1our s1stem.
*./)A&9T)/CT&?')9'99)A&9T#+<
This ,ie! is 7ust a historia$ representation of the
?@/CT&?')9'99&#()A&9T#+< ,ie! a-o,e. 8hi$e
it is "ood for some historia$ information4 -e !arned
that it does not ontain a$$ the o$$eted statistis that
!ere aptured in the
?@/CT&?')9'99&#()A&9T#+< ,ie!. =$ease read
the a-o,e mentioned arti$e to "et an understandin"
ho! this !or0s.
?)@C%&'(T)9T/T9
&f 1ou ha,e ena-$ed an1 statistis for a
C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ 1ou !i$$ see the a""re"ated
statistis for that C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ in this ,ie!
that are urrent$1 ati,e.
statistis are on$1 "ood for urrent ati,it1 and
trou-$eshootin" and thus shou$d on$1 -e used for
"ettin" a "$impse of !hat $ients are onsumin" the
most resoures.
?er1 ,a$ua-$e for a 5ui0 urrent ,ie! -ut if 1ou need
to dri$$ to a partiu$ar $ient 1ou !i$$ end up "oin" to
?@/CT&?')9'99&#()A&9T#+<.
?)@9'+?&C')9T/T9
=ro,ides a redued set of statistis that an -e used to
determine ho! !e$$ an instane is performin" for the
re5uests made upon it.
is t1pia$$1 the 9&*)(/;' -ut -e!are it ma1 -e
different if 1ou are not onnetin" throu"h T(9.
?)@9'+?);#*)/CT)9T/T9
This ,ie! pro,ides an a""re"ated ,ie! for the
om-ination of 9'+?&C')(/;'4 ;#*F%'4 and
/CT&#( 1ou ha,e defined !hen 1ou ena-$ed
a""re"ated statistis.
Just -e arefu$ to name these a""re"ates appropriate$1 so that 1ou an 5ui0$1 determine !here
-ott$ene0s reside.
The use of these ,ie!s is 5uite strai"ht for!ard. <ou need on$1 5uer1 them for the statistia$
a""re"ation 1ou ha,e set up throu"h the *.;9);#(&T#+ pa0a"e. The rea$ diffiu$t1 $ies in
settin" up those a""re"ations stepped throu"h in ear$ier =arts of this series. (e2t time !e !i$$ "et
into the ne! reportin" options a,ai$a-$e for traes in #ra$e 10".
Oracle Session Tracing Part !
James F. Koopmann posted D/15/2007 | Comments (1)
=art ? in our series !i$$ "et $oser to !hat !e ha,e for 1ears e2periened as #ra$eBs train"
mehanism. +ead #n and "et re6a5uainted !ith reatin" trae fi$es for TK=+#F.
For man1 1ears *./s ha,e -een "ettin" $o! $e,e$ train" information a-out session throu"h the
reatin" and readin" of #ra$e "enerated trae fi$es. These trae fi$es an -e "enerated a"ainst a
fu$$ s1stem $oad or indi,idua$ sessions. The t1pes of information "enerated -1 these traes in
Ta-$e 1 $ear$1 sho! !h1 the1 ha,e -een used for man1 1ears. There 7ust !asnBt an eas1 !a1 to
"et this information from !ithin #ra$eBs interna$ ,ie!s. 8hi$e #ra$e 10" has pro,ided 5uite a
fe! mehanisms to trae the session -1 5uer1in" interna$ ,ie!s4 the "eneration of trae fi$es is
sti$$ around and sti$$ 5uite ,ia-$e. &n addition #ra$e 10" a$$o!s us to "enerate trae fi$es and
ana$13e them !ith added funtiona$it1. This arti$e !i$$ fous in on ho! !e an "enerate trae
fi$es in #ra$e 10".
Table '
%aundr1 $ist of information "athered -1 train"
9:% 9tatements
'2p$ain =$ans
=arse4 e2eute4 and feth ounts
C=F and e$apsed times
=h1sia$ reads and $o"ia$ reads
(um-er of ro!s proessed
;isses on the $i-rar1 ahe
Fsername under !hih eah parse ourred
'ah ommit and ro$$-a0
8ait e,ent data
+o! operations
$o"ia$4 ph1sia$ and e$apsed times &/# t1pes
(reating a Trace
#$d ;ethod
&t use to -e that if 1ou !anted to reate a trae fi$e 1ou had to ena-$e it at the session $e,e$
throu"h the use of the *.;)9'99&#(.9:%)T+/C' proedure or throu"h the /%T'+
9'99&#( 9'T 9:%)T+/C' ommand. 8hi$e these aomp$ished the tas0 !e !i$$ 5ui0$1 see
the1 are ,er1 $imited in sope ompared !ith the ne! method. (ot on$1 are the1 $imited in sope
there usa"e is 5uite $imited. &n order to use these t!o statements 1ou need to issue them from the
onneted session. That means that if 1ou !anted to "enerate a trae fi$e 1our app$iation !ou$d
need to -e modified to issue these ommands. ;an1 pro"rammers "ot around this -1 readin" a
ontro$ struture durin" e2eution to see if the1 shou$d turn on trae. /nd if someone !anted to
trae an app$iation the1 !ou$d 7ust f$ip a f$a" in the ontro$ struture. .e$o! are t!o e2amp$es
7ust in ase 1ou !ish to tr1 these methods or ha,e a need.
S)&* exec %bms_session+set_s,l_trace-tr$e./
S)&* 0&TER SESSION SET S)&_TR0(E 1 TR2E/
Ne" Met3o%
Fsin" *.;9);#(&T#+ =a0a"e to "enerate trae fi$es
&n =art &&& of this series !e disussed ho! to "enerate trae fi$es !ith the *.;9);#(&T#+
pa0a"e. +e,isit Ta-$e 2 and ta0e a $oo0 at the proedure a$$s re5uired to "enerate a trae fi$e.
.e sure to $oo0 at the desription -o2 and e2amp$e "i,en as it si"nifies the method 1ou an trae
a"ainst (-1 C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+4 9'+?&C')(/;'4 ;#*F%'4 /CT&#( or 9&*). &n #ra$e
10"4 !e ha,e -een "i,en the *.;9);#(&T#+ pa0a"e. This pa0a"e a$$o!s us to interat and
ontro$ the train" and statistis "atherin" of sessions throu"h a =%/9:% interfae !hih & thin0
is muh easier than the o$d method of *.;9)9'99&#( and /%T'+ 9'99&#( ommands.
/$so these methods in ta-$e 2 "i,e 1ou more f$e2a-i$it1 in !hat 1ou an trae a"ainst. <ou are
no! a-$e to do fine "rain or "roup train" aross sessions "i,in" 1ou the *./ muh needed
ontro$. /$so remem-er from =art &&& there is the audita-i$it1 of the train" throu"h the #ra$e
*./)'(/.%'*)T+/C'9 ,ie! to sho! 1ou !hat train" 1ou ha,e ena-$ed. These ne!
methods a$so "i,e the *./ the a-i$it1 to ena-$e trae for sessions and those app$iations do not
need to issue the ommand themse$,es.
Table 2
=ro"ram *esription (otes
(&IENT_ID_TR0(E_EN0
B&E
'na-$e / *isa-$e Train" for / "i,en
C$ient &dentifier
Trae data ma1 -e !ritten
to man1 trae fi$es as the
trae ma1 effet mu$tip$e
onneted sessions !ith
the same $ient identifier.
(&IENT_ID_TR0(E_DIS0
B&E
'na-$e train" for C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+ 7ohnn1G127.0.0.2 !ith
!ait information -ut no -ind information
'>'CFT'
*.;9);#(&T#+.C%&'(T)&*)T+/C')'(/.%'(B7ohnn1G12
7G0.0.2B4T+F'4F/%9')K
SER!_MOD_0(T_TR0(E
_EN0B&E
'na-$e / *isa-$e Train" for (9er,ie
(ame/-OD(LE0ACTION) om-ination.
Trae data ma1 -e !ritten
to man1 trae fi$es as the
trae ma1 effet mu$tip$e
onneted sessions.
SER!_MOD_0(T_TR0(E
_DIS0B&E
'na-$e train" for ser,ide)name A+ -ut on$1 for the
/**';=%#<'' modu$e and in$ude !ait and -ind
information.
'>'CFT'
*.;9);#(&T#+.9'+?);#*)/CT)T+/C')'(/.%'(BA+B
4B/**';=%#<''B4
*.;9);#(&T#+./%%)/CT&#(94T+F'4T+F'4(F%%)K
SESSION_TR0(E_EN0B&
E
'na-$e / *isa-$e Train" for a session
identifier (9&*)
9ession must e2ist Traes
on$1 a "i,en session
'na-$es / *isa-$es a trae
for the instane su-mitter
is onneted to.
SESSION_TR0(E_EIS0B&
E
'na-$e train" for session id 1L2 and in$ude !ait and -ind
=ro"ram *esription (otes
information E4E(2TE
DBMS_MONITOR+SESSION_TR0(E_EN0B&E-'567357
TR2E7 TR2E./
8here is m1 trae fi$e
8hen 1ou ena-$e traes #ra$e dumps this information out to a s1stem fi$e in a destination on
dis0 referred to as F9'+)*F;=)*'9T. This is an atua$ parameter !ithin #ra$e and 1ou !i$$
need to 0no! !hat it is set to if 1ou e,er !ant to ,ie! the ontents of the trae fi$e 1ou 7ust
"enerated. There are a oup$e !a1s 1ou an determine this parameter that & ha,e "i,en -e$o!.
S)& * s3o" parameter $ser_%$mp_%est
S)& * select 8al$e 9rom 8:parameter "3ere name 1 ;$ser_%$mp_%est;/
8hen 1ou "o searhin" for 1our trae fi$e in the F9'+)*F;=)*'9T area 1ou ma1 5ui0$1
find that it is $oaded !ith other usersB trae fi$es. To ma0e matters !orse #ra$e "enerates a
some!hat ripti name for 1our trae fi$e that ma0es it some!hat hard for 1ou to find them. <ou
an modif1 the name of the trae fi$e -1 addin" a T+/C'F&%')&*'(T&F&'+ to it. <ou an do
this -1 an /%T'+ 9'99&#( ommand suh as !hat is -e$o!.
S)& * alter session set TR0(E<I&E_IDENTI<IER 1 ;somet3ing_3ere;/
8hi$e !e an "et a $ot of rea$6time session information throu"h #ra$e interna$ ,ie!s4 the #ra$e
trae sti$$ a ,a$ua-$e too$ for e2tratin" statistis for a sin"$e session or aross a "roupin" of
sessions -1 the added funtiona$it1 "i,en throu"h the *.;9);#(&T#+ pa0a"e. /fter
"eneratin" trae fi$es4 !e an no! use the TK=+#F or ne! #ra$e 10" trsess uti$it1 to e2trat
and read the o$$eted information in a reada-$e form. .ut that is ne2t time and !i$$ !rap up this
series.
Oracle Session Tracing Part !I
James F. Koopmann posted D/21/2007 | Comments (2)
=art ?& in our series !i$$ sho! 1ou ho! to aess and "enerate reports off of the trae fi$es !e
"enerated in =art ? throu"h the use of the TK=+#F and trsess uti$ities.
&n the $ast part of this series !e re6,isited methods on ho! to "enerate trae fi$es. These trae
fi$es "enerated !ere in a ra! format that doesnBt a$$o! for us to read them ,er1 easi$1. This
arti$e !i$$ -e the $ast in this series and !i$$ sho! ho! to ta0e these "enerated trae fi$es and
produe reports in a more reada-$e form.
=3at %oes a trace 9ile look like
&n =art &? of this series !e disussed ho! to find !here 1our trae fi$es are "enerated -ut are
t1pia$$1 stored in the @#+/C%')./9'/9&*/udump diretor1 of the data-ase ser,er. %istin" 1
"i,es the top end of a trae fi$e & "enerated so that 1ou ou$d "et a f$a,or if 1ou ha,e ne,er seen a
trae fi$e -efore. Throu"h out this series !e ha,e 3eroed in on settin" and monitorin" the
9'99&#()&*4 C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+4 9'+?&C')(/;'4 ;#*F%')(/;'4 and
/CT&#()(/;' en,ironment ,aria-$es. /t the -ottom of this a--re,iated trae fi$e $istin"
(%istin" 1) 1ou an see e2at$1 ho! #ra$e no! stores this in eah and e,er1 trae fi$e. (ote that
1ou an han"e these en,ironment ,aria-$es throu"hout an app$iation and these output $ines
ma1 -e sattered throu"hout a trae fi$e. /$so4 & ha,e e2p$iit$1 defined eah of these $ient
,aria-$es so as to sho! them here -ut if 1ou !ere not to ha,e set them 1ou !ou$d end up !ith an
empt1 strin" for those ,aria-$es. &f !e !ere to set these ,aria-$es re$i"ious$14 1ou an see ho!
eas1 it is to issue a Fni2 H+'= ommand or 8indo!s F&(* ommand to "i,e 1ou a$$ the trae
fi$es "enerated -1 a partiu$ar user4 !as in a partiu$ar modu$e4 or !as performin" a ertain t1pe
of tas0.
ListinF 1
T3; ;art 3f a trace fi.e
555 TRACE D(-P CONTIN(ED FRO- FILE 555
Du2; fi.e c,N3rac.eNad2inN.aFerNudu2;N.aFer_3ra_21==_9f:/trc
Tue Jan 28 =H,"E,8! 2==8
ORACLE )1=/1/=/2/= 7 Pr3ducti3n vsnstaO=
vsns>.O14 vsn@trO4
Orac.e DataDase 1=F Enter;rise Editi3n Re.ease 1=/1/=/2/= 7 Pr3ducti3n
Gith the Partiti3ninF* OLAP and Data -ininF 3;ti3ns
Gind3Bs 2=== )ersi3n )8/= Service Pac: "
CP( , 1 7 t?;e 8E!
Pr3cess Affinit?, =@========
-e23r? A0P# , PM,1H-08=H-* PG,!44-012"<-* )A,1<82-02="<-
Instance na2e, .aFer
Red3 thread 23unted D? this instance, 1
Orac.e ;r3cess nu2Der, 1H
Gind3Bs thread id, 21==* i2aFe, ORACLE/E&E SMAD#
555 2==87=1728 =H,"E,8!/E<8
555 ACTION NA-E,ADD# 2==87=1728 =H,"E,8!/E8H
555 -OD(LE NA-E,E-P_-AINT# 2==87=1728 =H,"E,8!/E8H
555 SER)ICE NA-E,S%S6(SERS# 2==87=1728 =H,"E,8!/E8H
555 CLIENT ID, Ja2esKF/KL33;2ann,PINEMORSENFINE7ALE# 2==87=1728 =H,"E,8!/E8H
555 SESSION ID,1"E/12# 2==87=1728 =H,"E,8!/E8H
=3at is t3e trcsess 2tilit#
/fter 1ou ha,e determined !hih trae fi$es in$ude the partiu$ar om-inations of 9&*4
C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+4 9'+?&C')(/;'4 /CT&#()(/;4 or ;#*F%')(/;' ,aria-$es
1ou need to -e a-$e to pu$$ a$$ the information to"ether for ana$1sis. The trsess uti$it1 is a 7a,a
app that "ets e2euted throu"h the ommand $ine of 1our #/9 and !i$$ onso$idate trae
information in mu$tip$e trae fi$es for the information aross these 9&*4 C%&'(T)&*'(T&F&'+4
9'+?&C')(/;'4 /CT&#()(/;'4 and ;#*F%')(/;' ,aria-$es. (ot to !orr1 a-out
in,o0in" 7a,a4 #ra$e has pro,ided a she$$ sript for 1ou partiu$ar operatin" s1stem that an -e
e2euted instead. The output of the trsess uti$it1 is a sin"$e fi$e that an -e the input into the
TK=+#F reportin" uti$it1. This is of "reat importane for findin" true -ott$ene0s or an
app$iation that is onsumin" $ar"e amounts of resoures. &t !ou$d -e near$1 impossi-$e to ta$$1
a$$ the trae fi$es for a$$ the indi,idua$ times an app$iation or user aessed the data-ase !ithout
this uti$it1. /$so it "i,es us the a-i$it1 to pi0 out of a trae fi$e4 if !e set /CT&#()(/;' and
;#*F%')(/;' proper$14 the statistis "enerated around a ertain app$iation or statement
t1pes aross trae fi$es. /$so if 1ou are in a onnetion po$$in" en,ironment !here the userBs
session is ne,er the same4 this uti$it1 "i,es 1ou the a-i$it1 to 3ero in and pi0 out that user easi$1
from a$$ the trae fi$es "enerated durin" the performane tunin" time s$ie 1ou are interested in
and "i,in" 1ou a true $oo0 into the userBs session. %istin" 2 "i,es the s1nta2 for the ne! trsess
uti$it1 and a simp$e e2amp$e.
ListinF 2
S?nta@ R E@a2;.e f3r trcsess
trcsess S3ut;ut O 3ut;ut_fi.e_na2eT
Ssessi3n O sessi3n_IdT
Sc.ientid O c.ient_IdT
Sservice O service_na2eT
Sacti3n O acti3n_na2eT
S23du.e O 23du.e_na2eT
Strace_fi.esT
E@a2;.e, C3ns3.idate a.. trace fi.es f3r ever?3ne that has Deen
in the E2;.3?ee -aintenance -3du.e E-P_-AINT#/
SAL I trcsess 3ut;utOe2;_2aint/trc 23du.eOE-P_-AINT 5/trc
=3at (an T>PRO< Do
Fp to this point !e ha,e 7ust "enerated trae fi$es and onso$idated trae fi$es -ased on a searh
riteria throu"h the trsess uti$it1. /s stated -efore4 1ou an edit these trae fi$es and read them
-1 hand -ut the1 do tend to -e r1pti. #ra$e has pro,ides us !ith a reportin" mehanism on
these trae fi$es in the form of the TK=+#F uti$it1. This uti$it1 pro,ides for the fo$$o!in"
mehanisms. %istin" C a$so "i,es the s1nta2 and e2amp$e on runnin" the TK=+#F uti$it1.
Formats a$$ the r1pti information in a more reada-$e form that is understanda-$e for 1ou
and me.
.rea0s out eah statement e2euted durin" the trae period and present ,arious statistis
that ena-$e us to determine !here -ott$ene0s $a1 and !here !e mi"ht spend our time
tunin" app$iation ode.
Can "enerate a 9:% sript that a$$o!s us to store the aptured statistis into a data-ase.
8i$$ determine the e2p$ain p$an for e2euted 9:% statements.
=ro,ides for summar1 as !e$$ as detai$ information for o$$eted statistis
ListinF 4
S?nta@ R E@a2;.e f3r TLPROF
t:;r3f trace_fi.e re;3rt_fi.e
SBaits O ?es+n3T
Ss3rt O 3;ti3nT
S;rint O nT
SaFFreFate O ?es+n3T
Sinsert O fi.ena2e4T
Ss?s O ?es+n3T
StaD.e O sche2a/taD.eT
Se@;.ain O user0;assB3rdT
Srec3rd O fi.ena2e"T
SBidth O nT
E@a2;.e, Pr3duce re;3rt f3r a.. users Bithin the E2;.3?ee
-aintenance -3du.e E-P_-AINT#/
SAL I t:;r3f e2;_2aint/trc e2;_2aint/r;t
Sa2;.e Out;ut,
TLPROF, Re.ease 1=/1/=/2/= 7 Pr3ducti3n 3n Tue Jan 28 1=,4",2< 2==8
C3;?riFht c# 1HE2* 2=="* Orac.e/ A.. riFhts reserved/
Trace fi.e, e2;_2aint/trc
S3rt 3;ti3ns, defau.t
555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555
c3unt O nu2Der 3f ti2es OCI ;r3cedure Bas e@ecuted
c;u O c;u ti2e in sec3nds e@ecutinF
e.a;sed O e.a;sed ti2e in sec3nds e@ecutinF
dis: O nu2Der 3f ;h?sica. reads 3f Duffers fr32 dis:
>uer? O nu2Der 3f Duffers F3tten f3r c3nsistent read
current O nu2Der 3f Duffers F3tten in current 23de usua..? f3r u;date#
r3Bs O nu2Der 3f r3Bs ;r3cessed D? the fetch 3r e@ecute ca..
555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555
(PDATE e2; SET sa.ar? O 48====
GMERE
e2;id O 1=1
ca.. c3unt c;u e.a;sed dis: >uer? current
r3Bs
7777777 777777 77777777 7777777777 7777777777 7777777777 7777777777
7777777777
Parse 2 =/== =/=" = 1 =
=
E@ecute 2 =/== =/=1 = 1" !
2
Fetch = =/== =/== = = =
=
7777777 777777 77777777 7777777777 7777777777 7777777777 7777777777
7777777777
t3ta. " =/== =/=8 = 18 !
2
-isses in .iDrar? cache durinF ;arse, 1
O;ti2iQer 23de, ALL_ROGS
ParsinF user id, <<
R3Bs R3B S3urce O;erati3n
7777777 777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777777
= (PDATE crO< ;rO= ;BO= ti2eO48= us#
1 TABLE ACCESS F(LL E-P crO< ;rO= ;BO= ti2eO1!= us#
55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555
555
O)ERALL TOTALS FOR ALL NON7REC(RSI)E STATE-ENTS
ca.. c3unt c;u e.a;sed dis: >uer? current
r3Bs
7777777 777777 77777777 7777777777 7777777777 7777777777 7777777777
7777777777
Parse H =/=" =/=! = 2 =
=
E@ecute 11 =/=1 =/=" = 21 E
4
Fetch = =/== =/== = = =
=
7777777 777777 77777777 7777777777 7777777777 7777777777 7777777777
7777777777
t3ta. 2= =/=! =/11 = 24 E
4
-isses in .iDrar? cache durinF ;arse, !
-isses in .iDrar? cache durinF e@ecute, 2
O)ERALL TOTALS FOR ALL REC(RSI)E STATE-ENTS
ca.. c3unt c;u e.a;sed dis: >uer? current
r3Bs
7777777 777777 77777777 7777777777 7777777777 7777777777 7777777777
7777777777
Parse 2 =/=1 =/== = = =
=
E@ecute 2 =/== =/== = = =
=
Fetch 2 =/== =/== = 1" =
2
7777777 777777 77777777 7777777777 7777777777 7777777777 7777777777
7777777777
t3ta. ! =/=1 =/=1 = 1" =
2
-isses in .iDrar? cache durinF ;arse, 2
14 user SAL state2ents in sessi3n/
= interna. SAL state2ents in sessi3n/
14 SAL state2ents in sessi3n/
55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555
555
Trace fi.e, e2;_2aint/trc
Trace fi.e c32;atiDi.it?, 1=/=1/==
S3rt 3;ti3ns, defau.t
= sessi3n in tracefi.e/
14 user SAL state2ents in trace fi.e/
= interna. SAL state2ents in trace fi.e/
14 SAL state2ents in trace fi.e/
1= uni>ue SAL state2ents in trace fi.e/
1=2 .ines in trace fi.e/
E1! e.a;sed sec3nds in trace fi.e/
Tracing En3ancements
The !or$d of train" #ra$e sessions has han"ed drastia$$1 !ith #ra$e 10". (ot so muh as
the mehanisms -ut in the !a1 !e an initiate a trae for one session or a "roup of sessions. 8e
are no! a-$e to Mta"M sessions as the1 are onneted to #ra$e and mo,e throu"h app$iations.
8e an no! aurate$1 pinpoint !here in the app$iation a session is4 the amount of resoures
-ein" onsumed4 and more important$1 if the session is ha,in" diffiu$t1 and is in need of tunin".
This is e2treme$1 important in a mu$ti6tier en,ironment !here onnetion po$$in" ta0es p$ae and
!e !ou$d -e $ost if it !here not for these ne! train" features.