Data Communications

Homework #2 solution
.
1. P3-2 What is the frequency of the signal in Figure 3.335?
The signal makes 8 cycles in 4 ms. The frequency is 8 /(4 ms) = 2 kH
2. P3-4 A comuter monitor has a resolution of 1!"" #y $"" i%els. &f each i%el uses 1"24 colors'
ho( many #its are nee)e) to sen) the comlete contents of a screen?
To re!resent "#24 color le$els% we nee& log
2
"#24 = "# 'its. The total num'er of 'its are% therefore%
(um'er of 'its = ")## 8## "# = "2%8##%### 'its
3. P3-5 A line has a signal-to-noise ratio of 2""" an) a #an)(i)th of 5""" *+,. What is the
ma%imum )ata rate suorte) #y this line?
*%###%### log
2
(" + 2%###) *48,2-'!s
4. P3-$ &f the #an)(i)th of the channel is 5 -#s' ho( long )oes it ta-e to sen) a frame of
1'"""'""" #its out of this )e.ice?
t = "###%### 'its / * -'!s = 2##s
5. P3-1" /he attenuation of a signal is -1" )0. What is the final signal o(er if it (as originally
1"W?
. "# = "# log
"#
(/2 / "#) log
"#
(/2 / "#) = ." (/2 / "#) = /2 = " 0
!. P3-15 A file contains 3 million #ytes. +o( long )oes it ta-e to )o(nloa) this file using a 5!-
*#s channel? 1-1#s channel?
The file contains ,%###%### 8 = 24%###%### 'its.
a. 0ith a *).-'!s channel% it takes 24%###%###/*)%### = 428.*1s
b. 0ith a ".2'!s channel% it takes 24%###%###/"%###%### = 24 s.
2. P3-23 A signal has asse) through three casca)e) amlifiers' each (ith 4)0 gain. What is the
total gain? +o( much is the signal amlifie)?
"
"#

$. P3-2! We measure the erformance of a telehone line 34 *+, of #an)(i)th4. When the signal is
1" 5' the noise is 5 m5. What is the ma%imum )ata rate suorte) #y this telehone line?
6. P3-32 What is the transmission time of a ac-et sent #y a station if the length of the ac-et is 1
million #ytes an) the #an)(i)th of the channel is 2"" *#s?
transmission time = (!acket length in 'its)/('an&wi&th) = (8%###%### 'its) / (2##%### '!s) = 4# s
10. P3-33 What is the )elay 3latency4 for a frame of si,e 5 million #its that is #eing sent on a lin-
(ith 1" routers each ha.ing a queuing time of 2 7s an) a rocessing time of 1 7s. /he length of
the lin- is 2""" -m. /he see) of light insi)e the lin- is 2 % m8s. /he lin- has a #an)(i)th of 5
1#s. Which comonent of the total )elay is )ominant? Which one is negligi#le?

".#"##,# s
The !rocessing time is negligi'le
( ) bps
SNR
8112) "# 4 " log 4###
"# 4
##* . #
"#
)
2
)
2
2
= +
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