10 Affascinanti Manufatti Di Origine Misteriosa - Listverse

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ALAN BOYLE APRIL 27, 2014
MYSTERIES
10 Fascinating Artifacts Of
Mysterious Origin
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A lot of the things that archaeologists dig up out of the ground are fairly
straightforwardwe know what people did with arrowheads and pots. But
occasionally, well turn up something that leaves experts scratching their chins and
wondering Whats that all about?
10
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You may well be familiar with the Nazca Lines in Peru, ancient geoglyphs only properly
visible from above. Their popularity with ancient alien proponents is second only to
Egypts pyramids. Yet theres an older, more mysterious, and even more common
version in the Middle East that gets a lot less attention.
Photo credit: David D. Boyer
The Wheels are circular stone structures built in the desert from Syria to Saudi
Arabia. Believed to be at least 2,000 years old, the structures werent rediscovered
until the 1920s, after wed invented planes. An archaeologist working on the
structures said that you can make out a vague pattern from the ground, but you must
ascend to at least 30 meters (100 ft) to view the structures clearly.
The purpose of the structures is unclear. Some are clustered together, and others
stand alone. Some of the circles seem to have spokes aligned with astronomical
phenomena, while others are apparently random. They could be the remains of
buildings or cemeteries, though the most common belief is that they had some sort of
religious significance to the people that made them.
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9
Fort Mountain
A trail marker tells hikers in Georgia they are approaching a mysterious and
prehistoric wall. The walls builders are unknown. Its purpose is just as big a mystery.
The loose rock wall measures around 270 meters (885 ft) long and up to 2 meters (7
Photo credit: Jason Loomis
ft) tall in some sections. About 30 pits are scattered along its length, and one section
contains the ruins of a gateway. It was built around 1,600 years ago, though the pits
may have been dug much later by European treasure hunters.
The obvious theory behind the wall says it was used to defend the mountain from
attack, but this seems unlikely. Theres no water source, the wall is left very low in
some places, and it completely ignores any strategic slopes. Other theories suggest
the wall had some use in sun worship or even marked the boundary of a haven for
newlyweds to honeymoon.
The wall zigzags in a way that matches patterns found on some Native American
pottery. Its shape may follow the movement of celestial bodies, and the north end of
the wall points to where the Sun rises during the summer solstice. Cherokee legends
about the wall suggest its builders were subterranean, tall, light-skinned, bearded,
nocturnal, and moon-eyed. This is possibly a reference to Hitchiti tribes that used to
live in the area, as they wore beards and dwelled in earth lodges that resembled caves.
If they were tall and enjoyed astronomy, then the explanation fits.
8
Derek Mahoneys Glastonbury Cross
One of the many legends surrounding King Arthur is that monks from Glastonbury
Abbey found his coffin in 1191. Alongside him was a lead cross, engraved with HIC
IACET SEPULTUS INCLITUS REX ARTHURIUS IN INSULA AVALONIAwhich translates
to Here lies entombed the renowned King Arthur in the island of Avalon.
Photo credit: Glastonbury Abbey Shop
Many believe that, if it existed, the cross was a hoax by the monks to encourage
pilgrims to visit. Even so, a hoax from the 12th century is historically very valuable. The
last record of the cross was in the 17th century. That meant experts were very keen to
investigate when a man turned up at the British Museum in December 1981 claiming
to have found it.
Unfortunately, Derek Mahoney refused to hand the cross over after the museum staff
first examined it. The museum called local authorities, who owned the land where
Mahoney had supposedly found the item, and the council got a court order for the
crosss return. Mahoney still refused. In April 1982, a judge put Mahoney in prison for
two years but said hed be released immediately as soon as he revealed the crosss
location.
In January 1983, Englands Official Solicitor, tasked with looking out for people unable
to represent themselves, went to court to argue for Mahoneys release. Mahoney,
oddly enough, argued that he should stay in prison and the Official Solicitor should
mind his own business. The same scenario played out in the countrys second-highest
court, which ruled that Mahoney should be released. Despite his continued protests,
he was ejected from prison.
It later turned out Mahoney had previously made molds for lead toys and so had many
of the skills needed to create such a cross. Even if he had faked it, he had done well
enough to fool the experts who saw itand well enough to convince authorities he
should go to prison for it. Unfortunately, we may never know the truth, as the cross
was never seen again.
7
The Unicorn Tapestries
Six beautiful tapestries depicting the hunt of a unicorn are on permanent display at
the Musee de Cluny in Paris. Theyve been called the Mona Lisa of woven artworks,
but no one knows who created them. Despite their being made in the 15th or 16th
century, no mention of the tapestries exists before 1814. No one took any notice of
them until 1841, when the damp and nibbled items were rescued from their home in
the Chateau de Boussac.
Some clues to their history are to be found in the monograms on each corner AE
and AFyet no one knows to what they refer. Five of the six tapestries feature a
slim, blonde lady, and we can only speculate on who she is. Many historians suggest
its Mary Tudor, sister of Henry VIII, who was married to King Louis XII of France for the
last six months of his life. Curators see secular allusions to marriage, love, and the
desire for children that would back up that theory.
Others suggest the scenes reflect the five senses. In the first, the woman touches the
unicorn, then she feeds a bird, smells flowers, plays music, and finally shows the
unicorn his reflection. Christian scholars suggest the unicorn represents Christ being
tamed by his mother the Virgin Mary. Or, if the tapestries film appearance in the
Gryffindor common room is to be believed, they may represent an actual unicorn hunt.
6
Florida Peruvian Skulls
In January 2012, the skulls of a man and a boy were found during an excavation for a
South Florida swimming pool. The smaller skull was of a 10-year-old and still had
tissue on the bone. Police were called to investigate, but this wasnt just some
common crime. The flesh was mummified, and the skulls were at least 800 years old.
Photo credit: Magnus Reuterdahl
Stranger still, the skulls had a unique structure known as an Inca bone, which occurs
mainly in native Peruvians.
Other primitive artifacts, including woven cloth and slings, were found alongside the
skulls. They may have been bought and left by tourists in the 1930s, before laws
regulated the trade of such artifacts. Alternatively, migrant workers from Peru may
have brought them as a link to their heritage. Either way, well probably never know
how they ended up under someones yard.
5
Glozel Tablets
In 1924, a farmer named Emile Fradin found an underground chamber full of objects in
one of his fields. There were strangely marked human bones, hermaphrodite idols,
masks, and several tablets engraved with an unusual language. Fradin put out an open
invitation for people to come and dig. They did so for years, and thousands of artifacts
Photo credit: Fortean Times
were uncovered.
Debate over the discoveries was so dramatic that the New York Times called it the
Glozellian war, saying in 1927 that the whole of France was divided into two
violently opposed opinions over whether the artifacts were genuine. Some
archaeologists claimed that the items were from the Neolithic period and predated the
Phoenician alphabet, from which the Greek, Hebrew, Latin, Arabic, and Cyrillic alphabets
evolved. If that was true, the finds would mean the cradle of Western civilization was
in France and not the Middle East.
The battle went to the courts. Fradin sued the head of the Louvre for defamation.
Police raided the farmhouse and arrested the farmer for fraud after discovering freshly
carved tabletsbut believers claimed the fake tablets were plants. A report by
international experts called them all fakes, but it just made everyone dig their heels in
further. Fradin was never convicted of anything.
Modern tests say the bones range from as far back as 300 B.C. to as recently as the
1600s. Glass at the site is from Medieval France. The tablets themselves seem to
match the earliest dates of the bones, making them over 2,000 years old. Their clay is
chemically identical to the local clay, suggesting they originated there. Most now agree
the text appears to be a form of old Celtic.
Yet theres still a mystery as to why so many unusual and varied items ended up in a
featureless field. No other site like it has been found anywhere in Europe. Fradin
himself stuck to his story for 80 years, taking any secrets to his grave when he died in
2010.
4
Mystery Stone
Construction workers digging near New Hampshires Lake Winnipesaukee uncovered a
very unusual item in 1872. It was a black stone egg, about 10 centimeters (4 in) tall,
carved with images. It was described as remarkable and a wonder of the scientific
world. Nothing similar has ever been found anywhere in the United States to this day.
Photo credit: John Phelan
Its known as the Mystery Stone.
The carvings offered few clues as to the stones origins. The front of the egg shows a
face. Theres an ear of corn on the side, a circle containing depictions of animal parts, a
spiral, a crescent moon, and various patterns made of lines and dots. There are holes
drilled into the top and bottom, which are too regular to have been created by pre
19th century technology, suggesting the stone was crafted not long before it was
found.
No one recorded details about the stones discovery. We dont know the exact site
where it was found or how deep it lay. The type of rock its made from isnt usually
found in New Hampshire. After close to 150 years of investigation, we know no more
than this: Someone created it for some reason at some point and it ended up buried.
3
Golden Hats
Some of the most unusual artifacts of Bronze Age Europe are four golden hats, or the
cones. Ranging in height from 30 centimeters (12 in) to nearly a meter (40 in), the hats
are made of almost 90 percent gold and are decorated with extremely elaborate
concentric circles of symbols. The oldest known is the Berlin cone, which was created
around 1300 B.C. and discovered in 1835. Its covered in 1,739 sun and moon symbols,
placing it at the limits of metalworking technology of its time.
Among the suggested uses for the cones have been hats for suits of armor,
ceremonial vases, decorations for a place of worship, and even hats for wizards
more properly called priest-astronomers. A modern analysis of the decorations
suggests the cones accurately portray solar and lunar cycles thought first observed by
astronomer Meton of Athens in the fifth century B.C.meaning proto-Celtic cultures
Photo credit: Musee des Antiquites Nationales
were centuries ahead of their time.
2
Egyptian Spider Art
In 2013, archaeologists in Egypt discovered a stone panel engraved with what may be
the earliest known depiction of spiders in the world. The panel is likely around 6,000
years old, making it older than the Ancient Egyptian civilization.
The suggestion that the drawings are spiders is tentative but reasonable. The carved
ovals with four thin, bent legs sticking out of each side look very much like a stick
spider picture. A star-like shape may be a web, and comb-like rows of lines could be a
web funnel.
Dr. Heather Lynn, an author and proponent of alternative archaeology, suggests the
carvings actually a represent the Sirius star system. Older star charts are known, and
ancient people definitely liked to look up. Theres much more evidence for Egyptian
astronomy than for an interest in spiders. Theres also the possibility that both are
correct, and some poor souls from 4000 B.C. went through their lives believing the sky
was full of arachnids.
1
Aramu Muru
Photo credit: Salima Ikram, North Kharga Oasis Survey
The Incan Doorway of Aramu Muru in Peru is a large square carved into a surface of
rock. Its 7 meters (23 ft) on each side, smoothed into a flat surface on an outcrop. In
the center of the square at the bottom is an alcove a few feet wide and about as tall
as a person. It looks like someone had started carving a building into the rock and just
Photo credit: PuccioEnatolia/TripAdvisor
gave up.
The door has gained a cult following among believers in the paranormal, who say its a
magical portal. Locals say it leads to the underworld and can be opened by magicians
with special keys or enchantments. Some say it opens at midnight and there is a city
on the other side. Its even been suggested as a gateway to a distant part of the
universe.
Could South American natives really have accomplished magical interstellar travel
thousands of years ago? It would be nice if thats what they were attempting. The
alternative is that someone was forced to give up their awesome construction project,
and thats just a little bit sad.
Alan genuinely believes any of these items wouldve made a better Indiana Jones film than
Crystal Skulls.
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