2007 EC: Electronics and Communication Engineering Duration : Three Hours Maximum Marks :150 Read the following instructions carefully. 1. This question paper contains 85 objective type questions. Q.1 to Q.20 carry one mark each and Q.21 to Q.85 carry two marks each. Attempt all the questions. 3. Questions must be answered on Objective Response Sheet (ORS) by darkening the appropriate bubble (marked A, B, C, D) using HB pencil against the question number on the left hand side of the ORS. Each question has only one correct answer. In case you wish to change an answer, erase the old answer completely. 4, Wrong answers will carry NEGATIVE marks. In Q.1 to Q.20, 0.25 mark will be deducted for each wrong answer. In Q.21 to Q.76, Q.78, Q.80, Q.82 and in Q.84, 0.5 mark will be deducted for each wrong answer. However, there is no negative marking in Q.77, Q79, Q81, Q.83 and in Q.85. More than one answer bubbled against a question will be taken as an incorrect response. Unattempted questions will not carry any marks. 5. Write your registration number, your name and name of the examination centre at the specified locations on the right half of the ORS. 6. Using HB pencil, darken the appropriate bubble under each it of your registration number and the letters corresponding to your paper code. 7. Calculator is allowed in the examination hall. 8. Charts, graph sheets or tables are NOT allowed in the examination hall 9. Rough work can be done on the question paper itself. Additionally blank pages are given at the end of the question paper for rough work. 10. This question paper contains 28 printed pages including pages for rough work. Please check all pages and report, if there is any discrepancy. EC 1/28 ‘5/121 Foods06-EC-18Qi Q2 Q3 Q4 Qs Q6 Q7 Q.1-Q. 20 carry one mark each. If E denotes expectation, the variance of a random variable is given by (A) E[X?]- E[X] (B) ELX7}+ [LX] (©) AX) (©) FLX) ‘The following plot shows a function y which varies linearly with x. The value of the imegral I= [y de is (Ay 1.0 (B)2.5 (40 (D) 5.0 For |x| «1, coth(x) can be approximated as ised B) x? © t © (ayo.s (B)1 «2 (D) not defined Which one of the following functions is strictly bounded? (B)e* or For the function e~*, the linear approximation around x =2 is (A) G-xe? (B) I-x © [3+2V2-(1+2) Je? (oe? ‘An independent voltage source in series with an impedance Zs = Rg + /X, delivers a ‘maximum average power to a load impedance Z,, when (A) Dy = Rs + iXs (B)Z.= Rs OL=ix% (D) Z, = Rs — jXs EC 228 ‘9/121 Food0s-€C-18Qs Qs Qo Qu ‘The RC circuit shown in the figure is (A) a low-pass filter (B) a high-pass filter (©)a band-pass filter (D) a band-reject filter ‘The electron and hole concentrations in an intrinsic semiconductor are n, per cm? at 300 K. Now, if acceptor impurities are introduced with a concentration of NV, per ‘cm’ (where NV, > n,), the electron concentration per cm? at 300 K will be (A), (B) n,+N, (©) N,-n, Ina p'n junction diode under reverse bias, the magnitude of electric field is maximum at (A) the edge of the depletion region on the p-side (B) the edge of the depletion region on the n-side (©) the p’n junction (D) the centre of the depletion region on the n-side ‘The correct full wave rectifier circuit is (A) (B) Output ee Na olen © (D) | Input Input Output Output EC 3/728Qi2 Q13 Qi Qs Q16 Quiz Qs * Ina transconductance amplifier, itis desirable to have (A) a large input resistance and a large output resistance (B)a large input resistance and a small output resistance (C)a small input resistance and a large output resistance (D) a small input resistance and a small output resistance X= 01110 and Y = 11001 are two 5-bit binary numbers represented in two's ‘complement format. The sum of X and Y represented in two’s complement format using 6 bits is, (a) 100111 (B) 001000 (C) 000111 (D) 101001 ‘The Boolean function ¥ = AB +CDis to be realized using only 2-input NAND gates. The minimum number of gates required is (A) 2 (B) 3 O4 (@)5 If the closed-loop transfer function of a control system is given as Ss T()=—2—__, theniti On Gay ne (A) an unstable system (B) an uncontrollable system (C) minimum phase system (D) a non-minimum phase system 1 If the Laplace transform of a signal y(¢) is ¥(s) = , then its final value is s(s-1, @)-1 (Bo ©1 (D) Unbounded IfR(z)is the autocorrelation function of a real, then which of the following is NOT true? -sense stationary random process, (A) RG) = Rn) (B) |R@) < RO), (C) Rr) =-R(-r) (D) The mean square value of the process is R(0) If S(f) is the power spectral density of a real, wide-sense stationary random process, then which of the following is ALWAYS true? (A) SO)2S(f) (B) S20 © sSCN=-s (D) fsc/af=0 EC 428Quy Q.20 Q21 Q22 Q23 A plane wave of wavelength ®is travelling in a direction making an angle 30° with positive x-axis and 90° with positive y-axis. The £ field of the plane wave cari be represented as ( £, is a constant) coon At (@) E=jpRe seas ie © E=pRe @) E=yke If C is a closed curve enclosing a surface S, then the magnetic field intensity /7 , the current density J and the electric flux density D are related by Q.21 to Q. 75 carry two marks each, ven that X,, Xz,:""Xy¢ are M non-zero, orthogonal vectors. The dimension of the vector space spanned by the 2M vectors Xj, Xou--Xys—Xie—Xo.-— Kp is (A) 2M (B) M+1 (mM (D) dependent on the choice of Xj, Xp,-- iw Consider the function f(x)=x7 interval [~4, 4) is =x=2. The maximum value of f(x) in the closed (A) 18 (B) 10 (C) -2.25 (D) indeterminate ‘An examination consists of two papers, Paper 1 and Paper 2. The probability of failing in Paper 1 is 0.3 and that in Paper 2 is 0.2. Given that a student has failed i Paper 2, the probability of failing in Paper 1 is 0.6. The probability of a student f in both the papers is (A) 0.5 (B) 0.18 (©) 0.12 (D) 0.06 EC snQ24 Q25 Q.26 Q27 The solution of the differential equation k a ¥: under the boundary conditions (i) y= constants, is ; atx=0 and (ii) y= y, atx =o, where k, y; and yp are (A)y=(¥,~s2)expl-x/ FP) +, (B) y=(v,~y, Jexpl—x/k) + y, (©) y=(9—y,)sinh(x/k) +», (D) y=(4,-y, Jexp(—x/k) +, The equation x’ ~x7 +4x~4-=0 is to be solved using the Newton-Raphson method. If x=2 is taken as the initial approximation of the solution, then the next approximation using this method will be 2 4 3 AF 85 © o> Three functions fi(), f(t) and f,(), which are zero outside the interval [0,7], are shown in the figure. Which of the following statements is correct? 4 O oa (A) fil) and fi(d| are orthogonal (B) fi and ful) are orthogonal (©) Fa and f(y are orthogonal (D) fi(d and fi) are orthonormal If the semi-circular contour D of radius 2 is as shown in the figure, then the value of the integral f—!—as is a=) tio (Aix (B) -jz (© -« ()« EC 628Q28 Two series resonant filters ar@’as shown in the figure. Let the 3-dB bandwidth of Filter | be B, and that of Filter 2 be B, . The value of Bis asc, Ly=Ly4 Gass he, % R iter 1 Fiter2 1 1 (A) 4 (BI Oz O7 Q.29 For the circuit shown in the figure, the Thevenin voltage and resistance looking into X-Y are 19 1ay 2A 20% (A)4BV,20 (®)4V, 28a (© 4BV,28Q (D) 4v,20 Q.30 In the circuit shown, Vis 0 volts at ¢= 0 sec. For ¢> 0, the capacitor current i.(t), where fis in seconds, is given by (A) 0.50 exp(-251) mA (B) 0.25 exp(-251) mA (C) 0.50 exp(-12.5¢) mA (D) 0.25 exp(-6.251) mA Q31 Inthe AC network shown in the figure, the phasor voltage Vs (in Volts) is x sean. saga -pa 3a 8 (A) (B) 5230° (©) 12.5230° () 17230° EC 7/28Q32 4 p*n junction has a built-in potential of 0.8 V.gfhe depletion layer width at a reverse bias of 1.2 V is 2 jim. For a reverse bias of 7.2 V, the depletion layer width will be (A) 4 um (B) 4.9 um. (©) 8pm () 12pm Q.33 Group I lists four types of p-n junction diodes. Match each device in Group I with one of the options in Group II to indicate the bias condition of that device in its normal ‘mode of operation. Group I Group It P. Zener Diode 1. Forward bias Q. Solar cell 2. Reverse bias R. LASER diode S. Avalanche Photodiode (A) P-1, Q-2, Rl, S-2 (B) P-2, QI, Rel, S-2 (©) P-2,Q-2, Rl, S-1 (D) P-2, 21, R-2, S-2 Q34 The DC current gain (B) of a BJT is 50. Assuming that the emitter injection efficiency is 0.995, the base transport factor is (A) 0.980. (B) 0.985 © 0.990 (D) 0.995 Q.35 Group I lists four different semiconductor devices. Match each device in Group I with its characteristic property in Group I. Group I Group Il P.BIT 1. Population inversion Q. MOS capacitor 2. Pinch-off voltage R.LASER diode 3. Early effect S.JFET 4, Flat-band voltage (A) P-3, 1, R4, S-2 (B)P-1, Q-4,R3, S-2 (C) P-3, Q-4, Rel, S-2 (D) P-3, Q-2, R-1, S-4 Q36 For the Op-Amp circuit shown in the figure, Vis, 2kO 1kQ lv % 1k 1ko. (A)-2V @®-1V © 05V (0) 05 V | 4Q.37__ For the BJT circuit shown, assume that the B of the transistor is very large and Vg = 0.7 V. The mode of operation of the BJT is 10ka 10v mi 1ka (A) cutoff (B) saturation (C) normal active (D) reverse active Q38 In the Op-Amp circuit shown, assume that the diode current follows the equation T=1, expV/¥,). For V=2V, V, =V,,, and for V,=4 V, V, = between Vp, and V2 is ss 2a Yo (A) Fon = V2 Yo, ®B)V,=¢ Vy (© Vog= Vu n2 (D) Fy —Voa =H; 02 “ay The relationship Q.39 _ Inthe CMOS inverter circuit shown, if the transconductance parameters of the NMOS y, and PMOS transistors are ky = kp = ue plore 40 wA/V? and their ? threshold voltages are Vir, =|Pryp| =1 V, the current Fis 25V (AOA (B) 25 nA (C) 45 pA (D) 90 nA EC 928 9/121 Foos/06-EC-2Q40 For the Zener diode shown in the figure, the Zener voltage at knee is 7 V, the knee Qal Q42 current is negligible and the Zener dynamic resistance is 10 ©. Ifthe input voltage (V) range is from 10 to16 V, the output voltage (Vi) ranges from 200.9 (A) 7.000 7.29,V (B)7.14t0 7.29 (C) 7.140 7.43 V_ (D) 7.2910 7.43 V ‘The Boolean expression ¥ = minimized to BCD+ABCD +ABCD+A BC Deanbe (a) BCD+ABC+ATD ®) CD+BCD+ABCD (©) Y=ABCD +BCD+ABCD (D) ¥=4ABCD +BCD+4BCD The circuit diagram of a standard TTL NOT gate is shown in the figure. When V, =2.5 V, the modes of operation of the transistors will be —NocsSV 1000 Oe > 2 ino - (A) Qu: reverse active; Qa: normal active; Qa: saturation; Qy: cut-off (B) Qu: reverse active; Qo: saturation; saturation; Qu: cut-off (©) Qi: normal active; Qo: cut-off; Qs: cut-off; Qe saturation (D) Qs: saturation; —Qz: saturation; Qs: saturation; Qy: normal active EC 10/28Q43 In the following circuit, is given by oy, of, 14h stot} 1p 410-1 ig Mux > |] Mux ¥—* 85% °T45 % hear c (A) X=ABC+ABC+ABC+ABC (B) X=ABC+ABC+ABC+ABC (©) ¥=4B+BC+AC (D) X=AB+BC+AC Q44 The following binary values were applied to the X and Y inputs of the NAND latch shown in the figure in the sequence indicated below: X=0,Y=1; X=0,Y=0; The corresponding stable P, Q outputs will be X=LY x— P ay Q (A)P=1,Q=0; (B)P=1,Q=0; (C)P=1,Q=0; Q=0orP=0,Q=1 (D)P=1,Q=0; QI Q.45_ For the circuit shown, the counter state (QiQo) follows the sequence F, Oy+f5, 9, oo (A) 00, 01, 10, 11, 00... (B) 00, 01, 10, 00, 01 (©) 00, 01, 11, 00, 01 .. (D) 00, 10, 11, 00, 10... EC 11728Q46 Qa7 Qs Q49 Q50 ‘An 8255 chip is interfaced to an 8085 microprocessor system as an /O mapped VO as shown in the figure. The address lines Ao and A, of the 8085 are used by the 8255 chip to decode internally its three ports and the Control register. The address lines Ay to Az as well as the J0/M signal are used for address decoding. The range of addresses for which the 8255 chip would get selected is x 8255 As * Ay ont ty (A) F8H-FBH (B) FSH -FCH (©) FSH-FFH (D) FOH -F7H ‘The 3-dB bandwidth of the low-pass signal e“'u(r), where u(s) is the unit step function, is given by win @ EWI te on ae On (D) 1 Hz A Hilbert transformer is a (A) non-linear system (8) non-causal system (C) time-varying system () low-pass system ‘The frequency response of a linear, time-invariant system is given by 5 HD =F Fpagp’ THe Hep esponse ofthe system is aot at (a) 5(I-e*" ue ® {+ Fun oe t © ue ©) yr 5 ao A 5-point sequence x{n] is given as A-3]=1, M-2=1, xf-1]=0, xf0)=5, x{t)=1. Let X(e) denote the discrete-time Fourier transform of x{n]. The value of [xyes (ays (B) 10 (C) 162 (D) 5+ jl0x EC 12/28Qs1 Q52 Qs3 Q54 Q55 ‘The z-transform X[z] ofa sequence x(n] is given by X{z]= . Itis given that the region of convergence of X[z] includes the unit circle, The value of x{0]is (A) -0.5 (Bo (02s (p)o.s ‘A control system with a PD controller is shown in the figure. If the velocity error ‘constant K,=1000 and the damping ratio ¢=0.5, then the values of K, and K,, are (A) K, =100, K, =0.09 © K, =10, Kp =0.09 ‘The transfer function of a plant is: 10) aaa’ ‘The second-order approximation of T(s) using dominant pole concept is 1 5 Me resssreesn) Gee) 5 1 Oona O Fis ‘The open-loop transfer function of a plant is given as G(s)=—— - If the plant is ‘operated in a unity feedback configuration, then the lead compensator that can stabilize this control system is 10(s—)) (w 15+4) © e+?) (oy 2842) Al Qasr S42 s+10 s+10 ‘A unity feedback control system has an open-loop transfer function G(s) = ——. The gain K for which s=—1+ j1 will lie on the root locus of s(s* +75 +12) this system is (ay4 (ss © 6s (©) 10 EC 13/28 $121 Foe 06-EC-3Q56 The asymptotic Bode plot of a transfer function is as shown in the figure. The transfer function G(s) corresponding to this Bode plot is 1 1 Gaiysr20) ©) erie+20) 100 100 (© Ser IKs¥20) ©) Sarn+0055) Q.57 The state space representation ofa separately excited DC servo motor dynamics is given as do 1a a alc) el- ai, |" [-1 -10J]4,) "Lo dt where ais the speed of the motor, j, is the armature current and wis the armature voltage. The transfer function @) of the motor is Ue) 10 1 105-+10 1 A —_ op ot o Ap PoE TEST Ts ae +541 Q.58 _Indelta modulation, the slope overload distortion can be reduced by (A) decreasing the step size (B) decreasing the granular noise (C) decreasing the sampling rate (D) increasing the step size Q59 The raised cosine pulse p(t) is used for zero ISI in digital communications. The sin 4x 4nWi(l-16WF) expression for p(s) with unity roll-off factor is given by p(t} ie, The value of p(t) at (=> is (A) -05 (B)0 ©@os (D) EC 1428260 Qe Q62 Qe In the following scheme, if the spectrum M(f) of m(¢) is as shown, then the spectrum ¥(f) of y(1) will be cos Qn Br) mpm Be Hilber # ~ 4X transformer sin (Qn) (a) co) [ 0 | w -B 0 4p = BO 4B anf © ) w a7 ee i See =28 0 +828 During transmission over a certain binary communication channel, bit errors occur independently with probability p. The probability of AT MOST one bit in error in a block of m bits is given by (A) P* ®)I-p" © npd- py +(-p)" () 1--p)" Ina GSM system, 8 channels can co-exist in 200 kHz bandwidth using TDMA. A GSM based cellular operator is allocated 5 MHz bandwidth. Assuming a frequency reuse factor of ©, i.e. a five-cell repeat patter, the maximum number of simultaneous channels that can exist in one cell is (A) 200 (B) 40 (©) 25 @)5 Ina Direct Sequence CDMA system the chip rate is 1.2288 x 10° the processing gain is desired to be AT LEAST 100, the data rate per second. If (A) must be less than or equal to 12.288 x 10° bits persee (B) must be greater than 12.288 x 10” bits persec (C) must be exactly equal to 12.288 x 10? bits persec (D) can take any value less than 122.88 x 10? bits persec EC 15/28Q.64 Q65 Q.66 Q67 An air-filled rectangular waveguide has inner dimensions of 3 cmx2em. The wave impedance of the TEz9 mode of propagation in the waveguide at a frequency of 30 GHz is (free space impedance no 377 2) (A) 308.2 (B) 355.9 (©) 4009 (D) 4619 ‘The A field (in A/m) of a plane wave propagating in free space is given by = 343 cos(ox ~2)+ 52 n( ope ) % T 2 ‘The time average power flow density in Watts is () w aa m2 100 Te ™ ‘The E field in a rectangular waveguide of inner dimensions ax is given by sit (22 )sin ore) a where H, is a constant, and a and 6 are the dimensions along the x-axis and the y-axis respectively. The mode of propagation in the waveguide is, (A) TEx0 (B) TMi (©) TMao () TE; A load of 50 @ is connected in shunt in a 2-wire transmission line of Z, =50Q as shown in the figure. The 2-port scattering parameter matrix (S-matrix) of the shunt element is ps0 L 1 Srgy Aa ol se ae of; 2 2. ae she a 3 4 4 (c) ast (D) see 3 3, 4 4. EC. 16/28Q.68 The parallel branches of a 2-wire transmission line are terminated in 100 Q and 200 & resistors as shown in the figure. The characteristic impedance of the line is Z, = 30.0 and each section has a length of 4/,. The voltage reflection coefficient at the input is w-it 5 3 OIF Dr OS a Z dipole is kept horizontally at a height of 4 above a perfectly conducting infinite ground plane. The pattern in the plane of the dipole (E plane) looks approximately as, (B) (A) © ; NH y Q.70 A right circularly polarized (RCP) plane wave is incident at an angle of 60° to the normal, on an air-dielectric rface. If the reflected wave is linearly polarized, the relative dielectric constant ¢,> is ©) linearly RCP a (A) v2 ev 2 @)3 EC 17728Common Data Questions ‘Common Data for ‘Questions 71,72,73: ans igure shows the high-frequency capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics of a Metal/SiOy/silicon (MOS) capacitor having an area of 110" ‘em’, Assume that the permittivities (¢9¢,) of silicon and SiO, are 1x10" Fem and 3.510" F/em respectively. ic ata op 1 pF 0 Q71 The gate oxide thickness in the MOS capacitor is (A) 50 nm (B) 143 nm (C) 350nm (D) I um Q.72_ The maximum depletion layer width in silicon is (A) 0.143 um (B) 0.857 um (C) lum (D) 1.143 pm 073 Consider the following statements about the C-V characteristics plot: SI: The MOS capacitor has an n-type substrate, Fran Positive charges are introduced in the oxide, the C-V plot will shift to the left. ‘Then which of the following is true? (A) Both SI and $2 are true (B) S1 is true and $2 is false (©) S1 is false and $2 is true (D) Both $1 and S2 are false EC 18/28Common Data for Questions 74, 75: ‘Two 4-ary signal constellations are shown. It is given that ¢ and ¢, constitute an orthonormal basis for the two constellations. Assume that the four symbols in both the constellations are equiprobable. Let x denote the power spectral density of white Gaussian noise. fia i Consteltation 1 Constellation 2 Q74 The ratio of the average energy of Constellation I to the average energy of Constellation 2 is (A) 4a? (B) 4 (2 (D8 Q75 If these constellations are used for digital communications over an AWGN channel, then which of the following statements is true? (A) Probability of symbol error for Constellation 1 is lower (B) Probability of symbol error for Constellation 1 is higher (C) Probability of symbol error is equal for both the constellations (D) The value of NV, will determine which of the two constellations has a lower probability of symbol error EC 19728ced Answer Questions: Q.76 to Q.85 carry two marks each. Statement for Linked Answer Questions 76 & 77: Consider the Op-Amp circuit shown in the figure. Q.76 The transfer function ¥,(s)/V,(s) is 1=sRC 1+sRC (A) TesRC Oar 1 1 OTe ©) eRe Q.77 If ¥,=¥,sin(ws) and V, =¥, sin(o1-+4), then the minimum and maximum values of ¢ (in radians) are respectively (A) -1/2 and 4/2 (B)O and 4/2 (© -a ando (D) -7/2 and 0 Statement for Linked Answer Questions 78 & 79: ‘An 8085 assembly language program is given below. Line 1: MVIA,BSH MVIB,OEH : XRI69H Q78 The contents of the accumulator just after execution of the ADD instruction in line 4 will be (A) C3H (B) EAH (©) DCH (D) 69H Q.79 After execution of line 7 of the program, the status of the CY and Z flags will be (A) CY=0,Z=0 (B) CY=0,Z= (© cY=1,Z=0 @) CY=1,Z=1 EC 2028Statement for Linked Answer Questions 80 & 81: Consider a linear system whose state space representation is X(t) = Ax(t). If the initial state r 0 vector of the system isx-[ stent system response ax ] , 1 % If the initial state vector of the system changes tox(0) = [ Al then the system response secmesa() =| I -e Q.80 The eigenvalue and eigenvector pairs (2, ,v,) for the system are “¢LD-GE) @GL)--L) ChE) — oL)<6L) Q81 The system matrix A is ol 1 @) is fl «| ; Statement for Linked Answer Questions 82 & 83: ‘An input to a 6-Level quantizer has the probability density function f(x) as shown in the figure. Decision boundaries of the quantizer are chosen so as to maximize the entropy of the ‘quantizer output. It is given that 3 consecutive decision boundaries are ‘=1", “O° and ‘1, -5 -101 5 Q.82 The values of a and b are (A) © 1/6 and b =1/12 (B) a=1/5 and b=3/40 14 and b=1/16 (D) a=1/3 and b=1/24 83. Assuming that the reconstruction levels of the quantizer are the mid-points of the decision boundaries, the ratio of signal power to quantization noise power is 152 64 76 (D) 28 or oe OF EC 2128Statement for Linked Answer Questions 84 & 85: I-to-Analog converter circuit shown in the figure below, V= 10 V and In the Digi R=10kO. Ye 2R Q.84 The current fis (A) 31.25 pA (B) 62.5 pA (© 125 pA (D) 250 pA (© -3.125V (D) -6.250V The voltage V, is (B) -1.562V Q8s (A) -0.781V END OF THE QUESTION PAPER EC 2218