APPENDIX

Braced and Stayed Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Method of Checking Safety-Valve Capacity by Measuring Maximum Amount
of Fuel That Can Be Burned. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Automatic Water Gages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Fusible Plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Proof Tests to Establish Maximum Allowable Working Pressure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Suggested Rules Covering Existing Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Safety Valves for Power Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Examples of Methods of Computation of Openings in Vessel Shells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Examples of Computation of Allowable Loading on Structural Attachments to Tubes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Preheating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Maximum Allowable Working Pressures Thick Shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Rounded Indication Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Quality Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Acceptance of Testing Laboratories and Authorized Observers for Capacity Certication of Safety and
Safety Relief Valves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Figures
Fig. A-8 Detail Sketches Showing Application of PG-48 and PFT-27 to the Staying
of Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Fig. A-9 Typical Facings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Fig. A-10 Typical Forms of Fusible Plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Fig. A-66 Example for Typical Nozzle Computations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Fig. A-67 Example for Typical Nozzle Computations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Fig. A-68 Example for Typical Nozzle Computations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Fig. A-69 Example for Typical Nozzle Computations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Figs. A-71A-74 Types of Structural Attachments to Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Fig. 1 Aligned Rounded Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Fig. 2 Groups of Aligned Rounded Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Fig. 3.1 Charts for t
1

8
in. to
1

4
in., Inclusive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Fig. 3.2 Charts for t Over
1

4
in. to
3

8
in., Inclusive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Fig. 3.3 Charts for t Over
3

8
in. to
3

4
in., Inclusive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Fig. 3.4 Charts for t Over
3

4
in. to 2 in., Inclusive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Fig. 3.5 Charts for t Over 2 in. to 4 in., Inclusive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Fig. 3.6 Charts for t Over 4 in. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Fig. A-370 Sample Certicate of Authorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Tables
A-44 Guide for Estimating Steaming Capacity Based on Heating Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
1 Maximum Permissible Size of Rounded Indication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
A-360 Codes, Standards, and Specications Referenced in Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
175
A-361 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) for the Use of ASME B16.5
Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings and ASME B16.34 Valves Flanged,
Threaded, and Welding End (Standard Class) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
176
APPENDIX Fig. A-8
FIG. A-8 DETAIL SKETCHES SHOWING APPLICATION OF PG-48
AND PFT-27 TO THE STAYING OF BOILERS (CONTD)
179
Fig. A-8 1998 SECTION I
FIG. A-8 DETAIL SKETCHES SHOWING APPLICATION OF PG-48
AND PFT-27 TO THE STAYING OF BOILERS (CONTD)
180
Fig. 1 APPENDIX Fig. 2
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A-250.3.6 1998 SECTION I A-301.1
FIG. 3.1 CHARTS FOR t
1

8
in. TO
1

4
in., INCLUSIVE
A-250.3.6 Rounded Indication Charts. The
rounded indications characterized as imperfections shall
not exceed that shown in the charts.
The charts in Fig. 3.1 through Fig. 3.6 illustrate
various types of assorted, randomly dispersed, and
clustered rounded indications for different weld thick-
nesses greater than
1

8
in. (3.2 mm). These charts
represent the maximum acceptable concentration limits
for rounded indications.
The chart for each thickness range represents full-
scale 6 in. (152 mm) radiographs, and shall not be
enlarged or reduced. The distributions shown are not
necessarily the patterns that may appear on the radio-
graph, but are typical of the concentration and size of
indications permitted.
A-250.3.7 Weld Thickness t Less Than
1

8
in.
(3.2 mm). For t less than
1

8
in. (3.2 mm) the maximum
number of rounded indications shall not exceed 12 in
a 6 in. (152 mm) length of weld. A proportionally
fewer number of indications shall be permitted in welds
less than 6 in. in length.
206
A-250.3.8 Clustered Indications. The illustrations
for clustered indications show up to four times as
many indications in a local area, as that shown in the
illustrations for random indications. The length of an
acceptable cluster shall not exceed the lesser of 1 in.
or 2t. Where more than one cluster is present, the sum
of the lengths of the clusters shall not exceed 1 in.
(25 mm) in a 6 in. (152 mm) length of weld.
QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM
A-300
A-301 General
A-301.1 Quality Control System. The Manufacturer
or assembler shall have and maintain a quality control
system which will establish that all Code requirements,
including material, design, fabrication, examination (by
the Manufacturer) and inspection of boilers and boiler
parts (by the Authorized Inspector), will be met. Pro-
vided that Code requirements are suitably identied,
A-302.6 APPENDIX A-302.12
FIG. 3.4 CHARTS FOR t OVER
3

4
in. TO 2 in., INCLUSIVE
for correction of nonconformities. A nonconformity is
any condition which does not comply with the applicable
rules of this Section. Nonconformities must be corrected
or eliminated in some way before the completed compo-
nent can be considered to comply with this Section.
A-302.7 Welding. The quality control system shall
include provisions for indicating that welding conforms
to requirements of Section IX as supplemented by this
Section.
A-302.8 Nondestructive Examination. The quality
control system shall include provisions for identifying
nondestructive examination procedures the Manufacturer
will apply to conform with requirements of this Section.
A-302.9 Heat Treatment. The quality control system
shall provide controls to assure that heat treatments as
required by the rules of this Section are applied. Means
209
shall be indicated by which the Authorized Inspector
can satisfy himself that these Code heat treatment
requirements are met. This may be by review of furnace
timetemperature records or by other methods as appro-
priate.
A-302.10 Calibration of Measurement and Test
Equipment. The Manufacturer or assembler shall have
a system for the calibration of examination, measuring,
and test equipment used in fulllment of requirements
of this Section.
A-302.11 Records Retention. The Manufacturer or
assembler shall have a system for the maintenance of
radiographs and Manufacturers Data Reports as re-
quired by this Section.
A-302.12 Sample Forms. The forms used in the
quality control system and any detailed procedures for
A-302.12 1998 SECTION I A-302.13.2.2
FIG. 3.5 CHARTS FOR t OVER 2 in. TO 4 in., INCLUSIVE
their use shall be available for review. The written
description shall make necessary references to these
forms.
A-302.13 Inspection of Boilers and Boiler Parts
A-302.13.1 Inspection of boilers and boiler parts
shall be by the Authorized Inspector described in PG-91.
A-302.13.2 The written description of the quality
control system shall include reference to the Authorized
Inspector.
A-302.13.2.1 The Manufacturer (or assembler)
shall make available to the Authorized Inspector at the
Manufacturers plant (or construction site) a current
210
copy of the written description or the applicable quality
control system.
A-302.13.2.2 The Manufacturers quality control
system shall provide for the Authorized Inspector at
the Manufacturers plant to have access to all drawings,
calculations, specications, procedures, process sheets,
repair procedures, records, test results, and any other
documents as necessary for the Inspector to perform his
duties in accordance with this Section. The Manufacturer
may provide such access either to his own les of
such documents or by providing copies to the Inspector.
ASME B&PVC sec1$$$u70 04-21-99 10:40:47 pd: sec1 Rev 14.04
CODES, STANDARDS, AND
SPECIFICATIONS
REFERENCED IN TEXT
A-360 REFERENCED STANDARDS
Specic editions of standards referenced in this Sec-
tion are shown in Table A-360. It is not practical to
refer to a specic edition of each standard throughout
the text, so edition references are centralized here.
Table A-360 will be revised at intervals and reissued
as needed.
263
ASME B&PVC sec1$$$u70 04-21-99 10:40:47 pd: sec1 Rev 14.04
Table A-360 1998 SECTION I
98
A99
TABLE A-360
CODES, STANDARDS, AND SPECIFICATIONS REFERENCED IN TEXT
ASME Standards
B1.20.1-1983(R1992) Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)
B16.1-1989 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
B16.3-1992 Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings, Classes 150 and 300
B16.4-1992 Gray Iron Threaded Fittings, Class 125 and 250
B16.5-1996 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings [Note (8)]
B16.9-1993 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings
B16.11-1996 Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
B16.15-1985(R1994) Cast Bronze Threaded Fittings, Class 125 and 250
B16.20-1993 Ring-Joint Gaskets and Grooves for Steel Pipe Flanges
B16.24-1991(R1995) Cast Copper Alloy Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
B16.25-1997 Buttwelding Ends
B16.28-1994 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows and Returns
B16.34-1996 Valves Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End [Note (8)]
B16.42-1987(R1997) Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Classes 150 and 300
B31.1-1998 Power Piping [Notes (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), and (9)]
B36.10M-1996 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
ASTM Specications
A 126-1995 Standard Specication for Gray Iron Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Pipe
Fittings
B 139-1995 Standard Specication for Phosphor-Bronze Rod, Bar, and Shapes
ASTM Standard Test Methods
E 8-1998 Standard Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E 125-63(R1997) Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indications on Ferrous Castings
ASME Performance Test Code
PTC 25-1994 Pressure Relief Devices
ASNT Specication
SNT-TC-1A(R1996) Recommended Practice for Nondestructive Testing Personnel Qualication and
Certication
GENERAL NOTE: The issue date shown immediately following the hyphen after the number of the standard (e.g., B1.20.1-1983) is
the effective date of issue (edition) of the standard.
NOTES:
(1) Deleted.
(2) Note 1 of Table A-1 of B31.1, Appendix A, applies to Electric Resistance Welded A-333, Grade 6 material.
(3) The weld end transition of Fig. PG-42.1 is also acceptable.
(4) Deleted.
(5) The use of diverter valves under Section I reheater safety valves is prohibited.
(6) The minimum carbon content specied in paras. 124.2(d) and 127.2.1 and in Note (18) of Table A-2 of B31.1 shall only apply to
low alloy steels whose nominal composition is 2
1
/
4
Cr-1 Mo.
(7) Deleted.
(8) Saturated steam ratings and boiler feed and blowoff ratings for B16.5 anges and B16.34 Standard Class valves of Material Group
1.1 are given in Table A-361. For other conditions, other materials, Special Class or Limited Class valves, or intermediate rating
valves, see ASME B16.5 and ASME B16.34 for pressuretemperature limitations.
(9) Paragraph 136.4.5 (A-5) is not applicable to Boiler Extended Piping.
264