Discussion for LIC11

First, we perform an open loop test to determine the value of response rate, RR, dead time, T
d
, and time
constant, T
c
. Supposedly, the value calculated is used to determine the selection for mode of control,
whether we will use proportional-only (P), proportional+integral (P+I) or
proportional+integral+derivatives(P+I+D).
However, since LIC11 is a liquid level control, we can make a conclusion of using P+I control because the
process is a fast response one and tends to have noise here and there.
There are several way to perform open loop test, and we have choosen the graphical tangent method. It
is the fastest way and most likely the easiest, but that can change if we work on a different controllers,
based on data presented. All calculations is done as dictated in the steps of that method. Based on that,
the RR value is 0.1424/s, dead time, T
d
=1.957s and time constant, T
c
=9.1304s.
The values obtain will not go in vain as we will use them to tune our controllers buy calculating the
respective, P and I values for this case. It is worth noted here that we dont have to calculate the D value
because we are using a P+I mode of control.
There are several way to get around to the P and I values, and we choose to use the tuning rules by
Ziegler-Nichols.

MODE P I D
P 100RR T
d

PI 111.1RR T
d
3.33 T
d

PID 83.3RR T
d
2 T
d
0.5 T
d

Table 1

Based on the formula given, the value of P is 30.961, and value of I is 6.517. By right, if we insert those
number in the computer, we will get a well-tuned controller.






Discussion for FIC21
Same thing also implies for FIC21, whereby it has been discuss as the previous discussion for LIC11. But,
the value is different. The RR value is 0.326, dead time, T
d
=0.056s and time constant, T
c
=2.785s.
While the value of P is 2.028, and value of I is 0.1865.

Discussion for FIC31
For FIC31, the way we conducted the open loop test is different. Numerical method is used instead. This
method is for process data that are not in graph, but rather full of numbers filled in table. One of the
advantages of using numerical method is the calculation and values obtain is more precise because
there are less human error. After all, if we do use graphical method, the values of angle, differs from
one person to other. Not to mention the tangent line that people draw and errors in reading the
measurement.
All of the calculation is conducted as what have been told and here are the results. For RR, the value
obtained is 0.677. This is the maximum value of RR calculated before the value goes down in the next
time span. The time span recorded when maximum value of RR achieved is at 3s. Dead time, T
d
=2s and
time constant, T
c
=0.379
The calculation for P and I values also follows as in Ziegler-Nichols rule, which we get P=148.207, and
I=6.66













Default ATF922 ATF922 Not Used Not Used
Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used
Start Date = 01/18/10 TIC91 TIC91
Start Time = 11:32:00 MEAS OUT
Total Time = 2hrs degc %
Period = 10secs lin AWXP01 AWXP01
hist01 hist01

01/18/10 10:14:10 35.7695 10.6700
01/18/10 10:14:00 35.5000 10.6700
01/18/10 10:13:50 35.2383 10.6700
01/18/10 10:13:40 34.8203 10.6700
01/18/10 10:13:30 34.4922 10.6700
01/18/10 10:13:20 34.0352 10.6700
01/18/10 10:13:10 33.7344 10.6700
01/18/10 10:13:00 33.3555 10.6700
01/18/10 10:12:50 33.0469 10.6700
01/18/10 10:12:40 32.6680 10.6700
01/18/10 10:12:30 32.3750 10.6700
01/18/10 10:12:20 32.0000 10.6700
01/18/10 10:12:10 31.6914 10.6700
01/18/10 10:12:00 31.3906 10.6700
01/18/10 10:11:50 31.0195 10.6700
01/18/10 10:11:40 30.7773 10.6700
01/18/10 10:11:30 30.4766 10.6700
01/18/10 10:11:20 30.1758 10.6700
01/18/10 10:11:10 30.0508 10.6700
01/18/10 10:11:00 30.0273 5.6715