Sush Final Project Documentation

Tour And Travel Management
Index
Introduction/Objectives
SystemAnalysis
IdenticationofNeed
PreliminaryInvestigation
FeasibilityStudy
ProjectPlanning
ProjectScheduling
Softwarerequirementspecications(SRS)
SoftwareEngineeringParadigmapplied
DataFlowDiagrams
ClassDiagrams
SystemDesign
Modularisationdetails
Dataintegrityandconstraints
Databasedesign
UserInterfaceDesign
Coding
CompleteProjectCoding
CommentsandDescription
Standardizationofthecoding/CodeEciency
Errorhandling
Parameterscalling/passing
Validationchecks
Testing
TestingtechniquesandTestingstrategies
DebuggingandCodeimprovement
SystemSecuritymeasures
Databasedatasecurity
CreationofUserprolesandaccessrights
CostEstimationoftheProject
Reports
PERTChart
GanttChart
FuturescopeoftheProject
Bibliography
Introduction
T n T Travel isanirresistiblewordwhenitcomestotourand travel
packages.Weoertourandtravelservicesincludingticket bookings,hotel
reservations, rental car services,holidaytourpackages,domestictourpackages.
We provide the most suitably designed as well as the customized
travel packages to the customers. We oer everythingrelatedtotravelling
servicesunderoneroof.
Today's etremely ehausting work environment dictates
that individuals re!uires some "oy#ul holiday. We provide stress$
#ree "oy#ul re#reshing holidays with cost competitive and
customized packages according to their re!uirements. W eprovide
servicesinalmost eachandeverycityofIndia.We want to serve our
customers with best possible service and provide them the kind o#
com#ort they want. We also want to customize our tours as per
our customers re!uirement without reducing "oy or !uality o#
tour. %eople o# all ages and backgrounds will come to en"oy the
uni!ue, upscale, "oy#ul, and re#reshing environment that T n T
Travel provides. We provide the transportation through its
Airways, &ailways and busses. According to the tour packages we
provide the #acilities to customers such as hotels, guesthouses,
rental cars. 't may vary #rom customer to customer and packages
according to need.
We o(er new products and concepts #rom time to time.
)eeping the e(ect o# change o# seasons on the human mind and
body, we revise our itineraries regularly. This is because the
com#ort and the satis#action o# our customers are paramount to
us. T n T Travel o(er a large range o# travel opportunities.
Whether you're looking #or a weekend getaway to rela and
indulge, a special holiday with #riends and #amily, a trip to your
#avourite chillout spot or a new adventure, you've come to the
right place. T n T Travel o(ers great deals and discounts on
*ights, railways, hotels, holiday packages, car rental and travel
activities everything you need to plan, shop and book your trip.
+on't miss our . T n T Travel best value deals on top
destinations.
OBJECTIVE
T n T Travel have the following objectives:
The creation of a unique, upscale, innovative and customized tour Packages
that will differentiate from other companies.
To serve its customers with best possible qualit and provide them
ma!imum facilities with less price.
To serve and take well care of our foreign customers.
To provide transportation with best possible qualit and comfort as per our
customers need.
"nsure #ustomer satisfaction
$onour suggestions from customers
Possess complete back up services
Keys to Success
%erving with best possible qualit.
#ustomized and attentive approach to its individual customers
&aking tour packages more interesting with innovative ideas.
&ake Tour packages more attractive as well as cost effective.
&aking Tour full of comfort and stress free.
To feature real beaut of 'ndia to foreigners.
The establishment of Travel %olutions as hub for socialization and
entertainment.
&arketing of products with new ideas.
Scope of the Project
The Website isdevelopedbasedonreallife.Itisveryhelpfulinbusiness
applications.Today's etremely ehausting work environment
dictates that individuals re!uires some "oy#ul holiday. The website
will provides a stress$#ree "oy#ul re#reshing holidays with cost
competitive and customized packages according to their
re!uirements. As it is web based it can provideservicesinalmost each
andeverycityofIndia.'t oertourandtravelservicesincludingticket bookings,
hotelreservations, rental car services,holidaytourpackages,domestictour
packagesonly in one click. 't provide the most suitably designed as
well as the customized travel packages to the customers. A
traveler can ,nd everythingrelatedtotravellingservicesunderoneroofby
this website .The site will help to estimate the bene,ts and
calculate the re!uirement very easily. Thebenetswillbeintermsof
speedyquery.Smoothandfasteroperationsatalllevelsimprovetheworking
atmosphereoftheentireorganization.Maintainingthedatabaseasrequired.
Databasecanbemodiedaccordly.

-oals o# proposed system
1. Planned approach towards working: - Theworkingintheorganizationwill
bewellplannedandorganized.Thedatawillbestoredproperlyindatastores,
whichwillhelpinretrievalofinformationaswellasitsstorage.
2. Accuracy: - Thelevelofaccuracyintheproposedsystemwillbehigher.All
operationwouldbedonecorrectlyanditensuresthatwhateverinformationis
comingfromthecenterisaccurate.
3. Reliability: -Thereliabilityoftheproposedsystemwillbehighduetothe
abovestatedreasons.Thereasonfortheincreasedreliabilityofthesystemisthat
nowtherewouldbeproperstorageofinformation.
4. No Redundancy: - Intheproposedsystemutmostcarewouldbethatno
informationisrepeatedanywhere,instorageorotherwise.Thiswouldassure
economicuseofstoragespaceandconsistencyinthedatastored.
5. Immediate retrieval of information: - Themainobjectiveofproposed
systemistoprovideforaquickandecientretrievalofinformation.Anytype
ofinformationwouldbeavailablewhenevertheuserrequires.
6. Immediate storage of information: - Inmanualsystemtherearemany
problemstostorethelargestamountofinformation.
7. Easy to perate: - Thesystemshouldbeeasytooperateandshouldbesuch
thatitcanbedevelopedwithinashortperiodoftimeandtinthelimitedbudget
oftheuser.
Why is System Anaysis !ecessary
+uring system analysis some activities are carried out, such
as problem de,nition, design, implementation. .e#ore designing
the actual system/pro"ect, we should know,
0. What is the problem1
2. 3ow to solve it1
4. What are the technical #actors re!uired1
5. What are its #eatures and limitations1
'# a system is designed without considering above activities
then the system will not work properly to the satis#action o# user
re!uirement.A system 6anot be designed Without Any
Analysis.We should have a clear idea about what is to be made
and how1'# the 7ystem is properly analysed then the system will
be e(ective and proper. Analysis is the preleminary #actor while
designing a so#tware. 7o system analysis is necessary to design
per#ect and accurate system, which satis,es the user
re!uirement.
system anayst
7ystem analysis is central to the whole o# system
development. 't includes gathering the necessary data and
developing plans #or new system. This is not an easy task
because many people need to be satis,ed and many con*icts
resolved.
The system analyst is the person who guides the analysis,
design and implementation and maintenance o# a given system.
'n per#orming these #our tasks, the analyst must always match the
in#ormation system ob"ectives with the goals o# organization.
0. 7ystem analyst must determine the re!uirements o# user o# a
new system so that during analysis they can discuss with users
how to design a new system that meets the re!uirements.
2. 7ystem analyst has to provide di(erent solutions to the
problem, to satis#y user re!uirements.
4. The system analyst must be a able to ,nd out the details about
the system itsel#. To do this, the analyst will have to look at such
things as #orms 8input, output #ormats9, data used by the
organization.
5. 7ystem analyst must also be able to work in environments that
have considerable ambiguity and uncertainty.
:. 7ystem analyst must also be creative and imaginative in
producing new solutions to meet user re!uirements
The multifaceted role of the analyst:
The analyst plays his role in many characters. These
various roles played by him are;
6hange agent
Monitor
Architect
%sychologist
7ales person
Motivator
%olitician.
6hange agent;
The analyst is called as change agent because sometimes he
changes the entire policy o# industry or organization to improve
overall working as well as pro,t o# the organization. The change is
brought implementing new so#tware based computer system. 'n
order to make this change success#ul the analyst should give user
as much participation as possible while designing the system.
'nvestigator and monitor;
The analyst ,nds out why user is not satis,ed with the not
present system he is using. What are the drawbacks o# pit#all in
the present system, that user wants to remove by replacing it
with new system.
The analyst also monitors the activities going on while designing
a new system. The activities to be monitored include success#ul
completion o# programs with respect to time, cost and !uality.
Architect;
7ystem analysts are like architects. 3e must work with user to
identi#y the goals and shapes o# new system. Architect ,rst
prepares a plan and according to that plan he develops a building.
A system analyst also creates several plans and develops or
builds system according to that plan.
Psychoo"ist#
Analyst plans the role o# psychologist in the way he/she reaches
people interprets their behavior and draws conclusion #rom their
interactions.
Saes person#
The analyst works as a sales person by giving oral presentation o#
the system at each stage o# development. The analyst should be
very good in communication and in putting his ideas be#ore the
user. Also he should be able to clari#y the issues raised by the
user at the time o# presentation.
$oti%ator#
The analyst work as a motivator a#ter the system is implemented.
't is the responsibility o# the analyst to motivate the users to use
the new system. it is directly dependent how much user
participation is given in the pro"ect design and how much e(orts
are taken to train the user, that the user can be motivated to use
the new system.
%olitician;
A politician should be a good diplomat, should have proper good
control on his party members and should have good in*uence on
the people. 't is true #or becoming a success#ul system analyst.
While designing a new system, the analyst should not only think
about the technical side but also keeping good relations, good
control and good in*uences on the people with and around him.
'denti,cation o# need
As the tourism industrys popularity grows, the image o# tra%e
and tourism begins to evolve. With a simple click o# the button,
your entire nine$day itinary to 'ndia could be planned, booked and
paid #or. Whenatripisorganizedwithonlinetourgroupsorpackages,itproduces
aviewofthecountrythatisfortheconsumptionofthetourist. Tourismhasbecome
toomuchofaservice.Itisgearedtowardswhatthetouristwouldndfamiliaror
comfortable.Ittakesawayfromthetruemissionoftravel.Tourgroupsand
itinerariesarestructuredtooerthemosteciencythroughoutyourtravel.But
travelinlargegroups,walkingfrombustobus,hoteltohotelprovidesaverynarrow
experienceofthecountry.
Travel service providers, operating #rom distant locations and
providing speci,c services to customers, can only meet a portion
o# customer re!uirements. <or instance, i# a traveler needs to tour
Agra, a travel agent may be able to manage the airline
reservation #or the traveler, but perhaps, not the hotel
reservations. 7imilarly, another tour operator may o(er the hotel
bookings service but the costs may not be #easible #or a traveler.
=n one hand, travelers need to search #or multiple travel agents
to plan a single tour and on the other hand, travel agents are
con,ned to their speci,c areas o# operations. A#ter identi#ying and
isolating these problems in the travel industry, T n T Travels
wanted to develop a solution that would act as a >single point o#
contact #or travelers, while allowing travel agents the opportunity
to grow ? epand their business, without incurring any etra
costs. 'n addition, the solution would allow customers to search
#or travel service providers and book tours online.
Wemaketicket bookings,hotelreservations,c arrentalservices,holiday
tourpackages,domestictourpackages tomakeyourtriphasslefree.Ourtravel
packagesdesignedespeciallyfortheneedsofthecorporatesector,assuresthatour
clientshaveastressfreebusiness/leisuretour,withthenitty-grittyassociatedwith
travelinglefttotheexperts.
.ene,ts online tour and travel Management 7ystem;
&' No overhead @ many online travel agencies dont have a
physical location where they have to purchase #urniture, supplies,
and hire sta(. 'n #act, many online travel agents operate #rom the
com#ort o# their homes. All they need is a high speed 'nternet
connection and access to global reservations systems. 7o the
money they save on rent, utilities, personnel and other logistics
constitute savings they can pass on to their customers. .y
booking online, you also save on trips to and #rom a travel agency
in your area. Aou not only save money, you save precious time
and gas.
(' Comparison shopping @ by searching #or travel deals
online, you have the luury o# comparing prices provided by
various online travel agencies. The idea is to read the ,ne print.
Aou can compare them on the basis o#;
Actual #ares and discounts
%ackage deals
6oupons and #reebies
Travel insurance
-roup discounts
Bast minute bookings
Cariety o# travel deals 8do they specialize in a particular
country or to a particular age group19
7enior citizens deals
3otels and meals and transportation
Tour guides
%enalties #or cancellations
Thats the beauty o# online shopping. Aoure not scampering #rom
one travel oDce to another "ust to get an idea on prices. Aou can
compare online deals and then narrow down your choices to
three, ten or ,#teen. '# you have time on your hands, you can
really save yoursel# some money by doing diligent research.
)' Ticket consolidation @ many online travel agencies have
access to a database o# discounted tickets. 7ometimes when they
have ecess inventory, they are #orced to get rid o# as many
tickets to make way #or the net travel season where they can
purchase in bulk. Travel agents usually share in#ormation on
discount tickets that are still available #or sale, and prices are
reduced on these tickets #or Esello(.F Got only can you save
money on your ticket, but you can also ,nd the best *ight that
suits your schedule best.
*' Wide network of travel-related services @ online travel
agents, through #re!uent bookings and constant research have a
wealth o# in#ormation that some travel agents with no online
presence dont have. .ecause o# their ability to network rapidly
with various people who work in hotels, motels, bed and
break#asts, railway and restaurants, online travel agents are able
to ,nd the best deals #or you.
+' One-stop shopping @ When it comes to *ight
arrangements, railway arrangements, rental cars, tour ecursions,
cruise in#ormation and accommodation, and hotels, travel agents
have a lot o# clout. They can provide a complete travel package,
including shuttle service to and #rom the airport and even the
services o# a personal tour guide i# re!uested. .y doing all your
travel and travel$related shopping with a reputable online travel
agency, there is no telling how much you can get done within a
short amount o# time.
H. Bast minute booking$ 't used to be that travelling last
minute was epensive. Got anymore with online travel agentsI 'n
many cases, unsold seats on *ights or unsold rooms in hotels are
o(ered to travel agents a #ew weeks be#ore departure date at
considerably discounted rates so they can be sold immediately. '#
you are travelling last minute, ask your online travel agent #or last
minute budget deals. 6hances are you might get what you want,
provided your travel dates dont #all within peak travel times. .ut
you have to ask, not assume that it will be o(ered automaticallyI
%reliminary 'nvestigation
The number o# travellers in 'ndia grew by 0:J in 2KK:. This
was almost twice the number o# arrivals witnessed by the country.
A booming economy, with-+% growth o# more than LJ, rising
disposable incomes, higher aspirations, cheaper air
'ndian tourism market either directly or through strategic
alliances.The travel industry is #acing an increasingly competitive
marketplace @ travel pro#essionals want to adopt new results$
driven strategic marketing approaches to meet their uni!ue
challenges. 'mproving the eDciency and results o# direct
marketing programs, reducing marketing costs, and building more
strategic promotional and sales relationships are all key initiatives
#or success. We proposed to discover how to e(ectively identi#y
and target your most pro,table customers and prospects.
6ritical issues in the travel industry include;
impact o# downturn in travel
ac!uisition o# customers
maimizing customer value
Multi$channel marketing
customer retention
The systemsis an important element o# any marketing
program #or the travel industry. -ain a better understanding o#
your eisting customer base and learn how to more epertly
target new customers. Analyze the composition and behavior o#
your segments to uncover a wealth o# in#ormation to help guide
all aspects o# yourmarketing campaign.
<ocus your e(orts on reaching your most pro,table
segments @ target direct mail andoptimize advertising and
promotional activities. .y linking travel behaviors with consumer
media pre#erences #or newspapers, magazines, television, radio,
and the 'nternet,we can penetrate the relevant media channels to
reach most likely to the consumers.
We appreciate that entering such a market is not a bed o#
roses, particularly as it is monopolistic. 3ence we intend to
implement an aggressive marketing strategy, well supported by
the other business #unctions.
TnT Travels will be #ocusing on the corporate and working
class who appreciate good !uality travel service. The working
class will range #rom the miners who constitute a large portion o#
the market, to administrative personnel appreciative o# good
!uality service.
The corporate or managerial segment will constitute those
managers who though aware o# their image and reputation, want
to put aside their ties and "ackets a#ter hours and/or on weekends
to ride on adventures and en"oys li#e. =ur most important group
o# potential customers is those in the rural areas who o#ten
converge a#ter hours to socialize and update one another on local
news. These are potential customers who want to have an
en"oyable time and also some religious tour at reasonable price.
We also intend to appeal to the #oreign tourists who would
be looking at eperiencing a great time. We will be based mainly
on making the right kind o# customized product available to the
right target customer. We will ensure that our products prices take
into consideration peoples budgets and that these people
appreciate the product and know that it eists, including where to
,nd it. We will convey the sense o# !uality in every picture, every
promotion, and every publication. There is already a sense o#
segment strategy in the way we de,ne our target market. We are
choosing to compete in areas that lend themselves to local
competition, service and channel areas that match our strengths,
and avoid our weaknesses.
The ma"or customers re!uire a service which will be cost
e(ective and also
en"oyable. The customer wants the more things in the price
on one. They want to add their knowledge, have a picnic, and
meet the god 8religious place9 in one package.
We will provide them all what they want. We will give them a
good attention right #rom choosing a package to the end o# tour.
We will provide the all necessary in#ormation to them.We will also
arrange some packages gi#ts #or them
,easi-iity Study
Thefeasibilitystudyisaformalproposalforanewsystem.Beforetheprojectisto
begin,theprojectisstudiedtodeterminewhatexactlytheuserwantsdepending
upontheresultofinitialinvestigation.Thesurveyisexpandedtomoredetailed
study.
Feasibilitystudycanbeunderstoodbygivingtheanswer/solutionofthesetheir
requirements:-
Whataretheusersdemonstrableneedsandhowdoesacandidatesystemmeet
them?
Ournewsystemcoversallthebasicoftheuserfore.g.:asmentionedearlierthatour
databaseisMsaccess,whichdoesnothaveanylimitationtostoredata.Andoneof
themajoradvantagesofnewsystemisthatitavoidsredundancymeansthereisno
repetitionofthedata.
Afeasibilityanalysisinvolvesadetailedassessmentoftheneed,valueand
practicalityofaproposedenterprise,suchassystemsdevelopment.Theprocessof
designingandimplementingrecord-keepingsystemshassucientaccountabilityand
resourceimplicationsforanorganization.Feasibilityanalysiswillhelpyoumake
informandtransparentdecisionatcrucialpointsduringthedevelopmentalprocessto
determinewhetheritisoperationally,economicallyandtechnicallyrealisticto
producewithaparticularcourseofaction.
Whatresourcesareavailableforgivencandidatesystem?Istheproblemworth
solving?
Intheexistingsystemtheoperaorhastolearnalltheoperationofthecommands.
Whicheveriscominginlightwhileoperatingaparticularformthenonehelpcalled
tooltipwillcomeifthemousepointcomesoncorrespondingeldsofparticular
form.
Whatisthelikelyimpactofthecandidatesystemontheorganization?&Howwill
doiftwithintheorganizationsmasterM.I.S.plan:-
Thenewsystemiswellttedintheoceworkingcondition,becauseitcoversall
basicneedsoftheuserworkingintheoce.Itislesstediousandlesstime
consuming.
!echnical feasibility
Astudyofresourceavailabilitythatmayaecttheabilitytoachieveanacceptable
system.Thisevaluationdetermineswhetherthetechnologyneededfortheproposed
systemisavailableornot.
Cantheworkfortheprojectbedonewithcurrentequipmentexistingsoftware
technology&availablepersonal?
Canthesystembeupgradedifdeveloped?
Ifnewtechnologyisneededthenwhatcanbedeveloped?
Thisisconcernedwithspecifyingequipmentandsoftwarethatwillsuccessfully
satisfytheuserrequirement.
Thetechnicalneedsofthesystemmayinclude:
"ront-end and back-end selection
Animportantissueforthedevelopmentofaprojectistheselectionofsuitablefront-
endandback-end.Whenwedecidedtodeveloptheprojectwewentthroughan
extensivestudytodeterminethemostsuitableplatformthatsuitstheneedsofthe
organizationaswellashelpsindevelopmentoftheproject.Theaspectsofourstudy
includedthefollowingfactors.
"ront-end selection:
Itmusthaveagraphicaluserinterfacethatassistsemployeeswho arenot
epert users.
Scalabilityandextensibility.
Flexibility.
Robustness.
Accordingtotheorganizationrequirementandtheculture.
Mustprovideexcellentreportingfeatureswithgoodprintingsupport.
Platformindependent.
Easytodebugandmaintain.
Eventdrivenprogrammingfacility.
FrontendmustsupportsomepopularbackendlikeMsAccess.
AccordingtotheabovestatedfeaturesweselectedVB6.0asthefront-endfor
developingourproject.
Economical feasibility
EconomicjusticationisgenerallytheBottomLineconsiderationformost
systems.Economicjusticationincludesabroadrangeofconcernsthatincludescost
benet analysis.Inthisweweightthecostandthebenetsassociatedwiththe
candidate systemandifitsuitsthebasicpurposeoftheorganizationi.e.prot
making,the project ismakingtotheanalysisanddesignphase.
Thenancialandtheeconomicquestionsduringthepreliminaryinvestigation
are veriedtoestimatethefollowing:
Thecosttoconductafullsysteminvestigation.
( Thecostofhardwareandsoftwarefortheclassofapplicationbeing
considered.
( Thebenetsintheformofreducedcost.
( Theproposedsystemwillgivetheminuteinformation,asaresultthe
performanceisimprovedwhichinturnmaybeexpectedtoprovideincreased
prots.
Thisfeasibilitycheckswhetherthesystemcanbedevelopedwiththeavailable
funds.The7ytem doesnotrequireenormousamountof moneytobedeveloped.
Thiscanbedoneeconomicallyifplannedjudicially,soit iseconomicallyfeasible.
Thecostofprojectdependsuponthenumberofmanhoursrequired.
perational "easibility
Itismainlyrelatedtohumanorganizationsandpoliticalaspects.Thepointstobe
consideredare:
( Whatchangeswillbebroughtwiththesystem?
( Whatorganizationstructuresaredisturbed?
Whatnewskillswillberequired?Dotheexistingstamembershavethese
skills?Ifnot,cantheybetrainedinduecourseoftime?
ThesystemisoperationallyfeasibleasitveryeasyfortheEnduserstooperateit.It
onlyneedsbasicinformationaboutWindowsplatform.
#chedule feasibility
Timeevaluationisthemostimportantconsiderationinthedevelopmentof
project.The timeschedulerequiredforthedevelopedofthisprojectis
veryimportants incemore developmenttimeeectmachinetime,cost
andcausedelayinthedevelopmentof othersystems.

.e"a ,easi-iity
Begal #easibility is the determination o# any in#ringement,
violation, or the liability that could result #rom the development o#
the system.
$ana"ement ,easi-iity
The management is always interested in the system that can
provide more eDciency at a lower cost. =ur system is made #or
organizations that constantly want to keep their customers
updated with the transaction results.
#teps in feasibility analysis
Eightstepsinvolvedinthefeasibilityanalysisare:
Formaprojectteamandappointaprojectleader.
Preparesystemowcharts.
Enumeratepotentialproposedsystem.
Deneandidentifycharacteristicsofproposedsystem.
Determineandevaluateperformanceandcosteectiveofeachproposed
system.
Weightsystemperformanceandcostdata.
Selectthebest-proposedsystem.
Prepareandreportnalprojectdirectivetomanagement.

0. <orm a pro"ect team and appoint a pro"ect leader.
The concept behind the pro"ect team is that #uture system
users should be involved in its design and implementation.
Their knowledge and eperience in the operation area are
essential to the success o# the system. <or small pro"ects, the
analyst and an assistant usually suDceM however, more
comple studies re!uire a pro"ect team. The team consists o#
analysis and user sta($enough collective epertise to devise a
solution to the problem. Nven many times, an outside
consultant and an in#ormation specialist "oin the team until the
"ob is completed. %ro"ects are planned to occupy a speci,c time
period, ranging #rom several weeks to months. The senior
system analyst is appointed as pro"ect leader.
2. %repare system *owcharts;
'n#ormation oriented charts and data*ow diagrams prepared
in the initial investigation are reviewed at this time. The charts
bring up the importance o# the input, output and data*ow among
key points in the eisting system. All other *owcharts needed #or
detailed evaluation are completed at this point.
4. Nnumerate potential candidate systems;
This step identi,es the candidate system that are capable o#
producing the outputs included in the generalized *owcharts. This
re!uires a trans#ormation #rom logical to physical system models.
Another aspect o# this step is consideration o# the hardware that
can handle total system re!uirements.
5. +escribe and identi#y characteristics o# thesystem;
The team begins a preliminary evaluation in an attempt to
reduce them to a manageable number. The in#ormation along with
additional data available through the vendor highlights the
positive and negative #eatures o# the system. The constraints
uni!ue to each system are also speci,ed.

:. +etermine and evaluate per#ormance and cost$e(ectiveness
the system;
The systems per#ormance is evaluated against the system
per#ormance re!uirements set prior to the #easibility study.
Whatever the 6riteria, there has to be as close a match as
practicable, although trade$o( are o#ten necessary to select the
best system.
The cost encompasses both designing and installing the
system. 't includes user training, updating the physical #acilities ?
documenting. 7ystem %er#ormance criteria are evaluated against
the cost o# each system to determine which system is likely to be
the most cost e(ective and also meets the per#ormance
re!uirements. 6ost are most easily determine when the receipts i#
the systems are tangible and measurable. An additional #actor to
consider is the cost o# the study design and $re!uirements.
H. Weight system per#ormance and cost data;
'n this step each system is weighted by its per#ormance and
cost data by applying a rating ,gure. Then the candidate system
with the highest total score is selected.
Assign a weighing #actor to each evaluation criterion based on the
criterias e(ect on the success o# the system. Assign a
!uantitative rating to each criterion !ualitative rating.
7. Selectthebest-proposedsystem.
The system with the highest total score is "udged the best
system. This assumes the weighing #actors are #air and rating o#
each evaluating criteria is accurate.
Most #easibility study select #rom more candidate systems. The
criteria chosen and the constraints are also more comple. 'n any
case, management cooperation and comments, however, are
encouraged.
O. <easibility report
The #easibility report is a #ormal document #or management
use, brie# enough and suDciently non$technical to be
understandable, yet detailed enough to provide the basic #or
system design. There is no standard #ormat #or preparing
#easibility reports. Analyst usually decide on a #ormat that suits
the particular user and the system.
%ro"ect %lanning And 7cheduling
PERT 6 hart
APERTchartisaprojectmanagementtoolusedtoschedule,organize,and
coordinatetaskswithinaproject.PERTstandsfor ProgramEvaluationReview
Technique ,amethodologydevelopedbytheU.S.Navyinthe1950stomanagethe
Polarissubmarinemissileprogram.
A %N&T chart presents a graphic illustration o# a pro"ect as a
network diagram consisting o# numbered nodes representing
events, or milestones in the pro"ect linked by labelled vectors
8directional lines9 representing tasks in the pro"ect. The direction
o# the arrows on the lines indicates the se!uence o# tasks
-antt 6hart
A -antt chart is a type o# bar chart that illustrates a pro"ect
schedule.-antt charts illustrate the start and ,nish dates o# the
terminal element and summary elements o# a pro"ect. Terminal
elements and summary elements comprise the work breakdown
o# the pro"ect. 7ome -antt charts also show the dependeccy 8i.e,
precedence network9 relationships between activities. -antt
charts can be used to show current schedule status using percent$
complete
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-antt charts only represent part o# the triple constraints o#
pro"ects, because they #ocus primarily on schedule management.
Moreover, -antt charts do not represent the size o# a pro"ect or
the relative size o# work elements, there#ore the magnitude o# a
behind$schedule condition is easily communicated. '# two pro"ects
are the same number o# days behind schedule, the larger pro"ect
has a larger impact on resource utilization, yet the -antt does not
represent this di(erence. Although pro"ect management so#tware
can show schedule dependencies as lines between activities,
displaying a large number o# dependencies may result in a
cluttered or unreadable chart. .ecause the horizontal bars o# a
-antt chart have a ,ed height, they can misrepresent the time$
phased workload 8resource re!uirements9 o# a pro"ect. 'n the
eample shown in this article, Activities N and - appear to be the
same size, but in reality they may be orders o# magnitude
di(erent. A related criticism is that all activities o# a -antt chart
show planned workload as constant
Project Cate"ory
This Software is basically a client server based alication system that means though having
users interaction and inut!outut conversation" yet it will be oerated from any machine"
which are attached with the server# Basically it will maintain a server based communication
and e$change ideas and also they can receive services from every corner of the
organi%ation# Any tye of resonse can generate on the real time basis" i#e# instantly the
user can get their answers against various queries#
+N7'-G 7%N6'<'6AT'=G7 ? &NQR'&NMNGT
Soft/are 0 1ard/are Speci2cation # 3
Specicationmustreecttheactualapplicationtobehandled
bythesystem andincludesystem objective,owchart,input-output
requirement,lestructureandcost.
$% Reliability : -
Softwarereliabilitybringsuptheconceptofmodularity.A
packagewithahighdegreeofmodularityhasthecapacitytooperatein
manymachinecongurationsandperhapsacrossmanufactureproduct
lines.
This so#tware with high potential can work or can
be operated in %0 based con,guration computers.
&% "unctionality : -
't is a de,nition o# the #acilities, per#ormance and
other #actors that the user re!uires in the ,nished
product.
Thissoftwareprovidesthefacilityofhavingthecomplete
infrastructureofthehouse,etc.Theperformanceofthesoftwareincludes
theexibilityofthesoftware.
'% "lexibility: -
Onefeatureoftheexibilityisadaptability,whichisofthe
easeofextendingtheproduct.Intheeldofexibility,thesoftware
coversallfactorstobeconsidered.Forexample:knowingtheastrological
sign,KUAnumber,andetc.ofaparticularperson.
(% )sability : -
Thepointstobeconsideredwhilethinkingofusabilityare
portabilityandunderstandability.
Whiledesigningthissoftware,wealwaystrytomakeitmore
portable,shouldnotconsumemorespaceaswell.AsweareusingHTML
safront-end,whichisveryuserfriendly,soitscoresfullmarksin
understanding.
*% #ecurity : -
Securitycontrolandaccessofsoftwareordataleshouldbe
maintainedinthissoftware.
+% ,apacity : -
The so#tware, when under development should
be developed in such a way that the number o# ,les, data
elements, etc. and size o# each o# them should be
considered. 't should not a(ect the users system, so that
he/she can make up gradations or degradations in the
system hardware or so#tware.
-% Performance : -
Thelanguage,inwhichthepackageisdeveloped,shouldbe
wellknownorsayshouldbeawaretotheprogrammers.Theoperating
systemmayalsoaectitsperformance.Thesebothfactorsareimportant
forconsideration.Thissoftwareshouldbeeconomicalforbuyingand
shouldbeuserfriendly.
Inourproject,wehaveconsideredallabovefactorsand
developedsuchaprojecthatcanruninallenvironmentsbutmaybe
supportedbyApacheserver.
SO,TWA4E 4E56I4E$E!TS#
Operating system : Windows 2000 or later
)ront "nd : *sp.+et
,ack "nd : %-. %erver /000 .
.anguage : #1
1A47WA4E SPECI,ICATIO!S
Processor : 'ntel Pentium or more
2am : 3/4 &, or more
#ache : 53/ 6,
$ard disk : 37 8, hard disk recommended
&e!uirement 7peci,cations
The .Get <ramework
The.NETFrameworkisanewcomputingplatformthatsimpliesapplication
developmentinthehighlydistributedenvironmentoftheInternet.The.NET
< rameworkisdesignedtofulllthefollowingobjectives:
Toprovideaconsistentobject-orientedprogrammingenvironmentwhether
objectcodeisstoredandexecutedlocally,executedlocallybutInternet-
distributed,orexecutedremotely.
Toprovideacode-executionenvironmentthatminimizessoftware
deploymentandversioningconicts.
Toprovideacode-executionenvironmentthatguaranteessafeexecutionof
code,includingcodecreatedbyanunknownorsemi-trustedthirdparty.
Toprovideacode-executionenvironmentthateliminatestheperformance
problemsofscriptedorinterpretedenvironments.
Tomakethedeveloperexperienceconsistentacrosswidelyvaryingtypesof
applications,suchasWindows-basedapplicationsandWeb-based
applications.
Tobuildallcommunicationonindustrystandardstoensurethatcodebased
onthe.NETFrameworkcanintegratewithanyothercode.
. NETFrameworkClassLibrary
The.NETFrameworkclasslibraryisacollectionofreusabletypesthattightly
integratewiththecommonlanguageruntime.Theclasslibraryisobjectoriented,
providingtypesfromwhichyourownmanagedcodecanderivefunctionality.This
notonlymakesthe.NETFrameworktypeseasytouse,butalsoreducesthetime
associatedwithlearningnew featuresofthe.NETFramework.Inaddition,third-
partycomponentscanintegrateseamlesslywithclassesinthe.NETFramework.
Forexample,the.NETFrameworkcollectionclassesimplementasetof
interfacesthatyoucanusetodevelopyourowncollectionclasses.Yourcollection
classeswillblendseamlesslywiththeclassesinthe.NETFramework.
Asyouwouldexpectfromanobject-orientedclasslibrary,the.NET
Frameworktypesenableyoutoaccomplisharangeofcommonprogrammingtasks,
includingtaskssuchasstringmanagement,datacollection,databaseconnectivity,
andleaccess.Inadditiontothesecommontasks,theclasslibraryincludestypes
thatsupportavarietyofspecializeddevelopmentscenarios.
Forexample,youcanusethe.NETFrameworktodevelopthefollowingtypes
ofapplicationsandservices:
Consoleapplications.
Scriptedorhostedapplications.
WindowsGUIapplications(WindowsForms).
ASP.NETapplications.
XMLWebservices.
Windowsservices.
ClientApplicationDevelopment
Clientapplicationsaretheclosesttoatraditionalstyleofapplicationin
Windows-basedprogramming.Thesearethetypesofapplicationsthatdisplay
windowsorformsonthedesktop,enablingausertoperformatask.Client
applicationsincludeapplicationssuchaswordprocessorsandspreadsheets,aswellas
custombusinessapplicationssuchasdata-entrytools,reportingtools,andsoon.
Clientapplicationsusuallyemploywindows,menus,buttons,andotherGUI
elements,andtheylikelyaccesslocalresourcessuchasthelesystemand
peripheralssuchasprinters.
Inthepast,developerscreatedsuchapplicationsusingC/C++inconjunction
withtheMicrosoftFoundationClasses(MFC)orwitharapidapplication
development(RAD)environmentsuchasMicrosoftVisualBasic.The.NET
Frameworkincorporatesaspectsoftheseexistingproductsintoasingle,consistent
developmentenvironmentthatdrasticallysimpliesthedevelopmentofclient
applications.TheWindowsFormsclassescontainedinthe.NETFrameworkare
designedtobeusedforGUIdevelopment.Youcaneasilycreatecommandwindows,
buttons,menus,toolbars,andotherscreenelementswiththeexibilitynecessaryto
accommodateshiftingbusinessneeds.
A#P.Net
ASP.NETisaprogrammingframeworkbuiltonthecommonlanguage
runtimethatcanbeusedonaservertobuildpowerfulWebapplications.ASP.NET
oersseveralimportantadvantagesoverpreviousWebdevelopmentmodels:
EnhancedPerformance.ASP.NETiscompiledcommonlanguageruntime
coderunningontheserver.Unlikeitsinterpretedpredecessors,ASP.NET
cantakeadvantageofearlybinding,just-in-timecompilation,native
optimization,andcachingservicesrightoutofthebox.
World-ClassToolSupport.TheASP.NETframeworkiscomplementedby
arichtoolboxanddesignerintheVisualStudiointegrateddevelopment
environment.WYSIWYGediting,drag-and-dropservercontrols,and
automaticdeploymentarejustafewofthefeaturesthispowerfultool
provides.
PowerandFlexibility.BecauseASP.NETisbasedonthecommon
languageruntime,thepowerandexibilityofthatentireplatformis
availabletoWebapplicationdevelopers.The.NETFrameworkclass
library,Messaging,andDataAccesssolutionsareallseamlesslyaccessible
fromtheWeb.ASP.NETisalsolanguage-independent,soyoucanchoose
thelanguagethatbestappliestoyourapplicationorpartitionyour
applicationacrossmanylanguages.Further,commonlanguageruntime
interoperabilityguaranteesthatyourexistinginvestmentinCOM-based
developmentispreservedwhenmigratingtoASP.NET.
Simplicity.ASP.NETmakesiteasytoperformcommontasks,from
simpleformsubmissionandclientauthenticationtodeploymentandsite
conguration.Forexample,theASP.NETpageframeworkallowsyouto
builduserinterfacesthatcleanlyseparateapplicationlogicfrom
presentationcodeandtohandleeventsinasimple,VisualBasic-like
formsprocessingmodel.Additionally,thecommonlanguageruntime
simpliesdevelopment,withmanagedcodeservicessuchasautomatic
referencecountingandgarbagecollection.
Manageability.ASP.NETemploysatext-based,hierarchicalconguration
system,whichsimpliesapplyingsettingstoyourserverenvironmentand
Webapplications.Noserverrestartisrequired,eventodeployorreplace
runningcompiledcode.
ScalabilityandAvailability.ASP.NEThasbeendesignedwithscalability
inmind,withfeaturesspecicallytailoredtoimproveperformancein
clusteredandmultiprocessorenvironments.Further,processesareclosely
monitoredandmanagedbytheASP.NETruntime,sothatifone
misbehaves(leaks,deadlocks),anewprocesscanbecreatedinitsplace,
whichhelpskeepyourapplicationconstantlyavailabletohandlerequests.
CustomizabilityandExtensibility.ASP.NETdeliversawell-factored
architecturethatallowsdevelopersto"plug-in"theircodeatthe
appropriatelevel.Infact,itispossibletoextendorreplaceany
subcomponentoftheASP.NETruntimewithyourowncustom-written
component.Implementingcustomauthenticationorstateserviceshas
neverbeeneasier.
Security.WithbuiltinWindowsauthenticationandper-application
conguration,youcanbeassuredthatyourapplicationsaresecure.
LanguageSupport
TheMicrosoft.NETPlatformcurrentlyoersbuilt-insupportforthree
languages:C#,VisualBasic,andJScript.
SQLSERVER
Adatabaseisastructuredcollectionofdata.Datareferstothecharacteristics
ofpeople,thingsandevents.SQLServerstoreseachdataiteminitsownelds.In
SQLServer,theeldsrelatingtoaparticularperson,thingoreventarebundled
togethertoformasinglecompleteunitofdata,calledarecord(itcanalsobe
referredtoasraworanoccurrence).Eachrecordismadeupofanumberofelds.
Notwoeldsinarecordcanhavethesameeldname.DuringanSQLServer
Databasedesignproject,theanalysisofyourbusinessneedsidentiesalltheeldsor
attributesofinterest.Ifyourbusinessneedschangeovertime,youdeneany
additionaleldsorchangethedenitionofexistingelds.SQLServermakesitvery
easytolinkthedatainmultipletables.NotonlydoesSQLServerallowyoutolink
multipletables,italsomaintainsconsistencybetweenthem.Ensuringthatthedata
amongrelatedtablesiscorrectlymatchedisreferredtoasmaintainingreferential
integrity.
FEATURESOFSQLSERVER(RDBMS)
SQLSERVERisoneoftheleadingdatabasemanagementsystems(DBMS)
becauseitistheonlyDatabasethatmeetstheuncompromisingrequirementsof
todaysmostdemandinginformationsystems.Fromcomplexdecisionsupport
systems(DSS)tothemostrigorousonlinetransactionprocessing(OLTP)
application,evenapplicationthatrequiresimultaneousDSSandOLTPaccesstothe
samecriticaldata,SQLServerleadstheindustryinbothperformanceandcapability
7Q LSERVERisatrulyportable,distributed,andopenDBMSthatdelivers
unmatchedperformance,continuousoperationandsupportforeverydatabase.
SQLSERVERRDBMSishighperformancefaulttolerantDBMSwhichis
speciallydesignedforonlinetransactionsprocessingandforhandlinglargedatabase
application.
SQLSERVERwithtransactionsprocessingoptionoerstwofeatureswhich
contributetoveryhighleveloftransactionprocessingthroughput,whichareTherow
levellockmanagerEnterprisewideDataSharing.
TheunrivaledportabilityandconnectivityoftheSQLSERVERDBMS
enablesallthesystemsintheorganizationtobelinkedintoasingular,integrated
computingresource.
-oals o# proposed system
1. Planned approach towards working: - Theworkingintheorganizationwill
bewellplannedandorganized.Thedatawillbestoredproperlyindatastores,
whichwillhelpinretrievalofinformationaswellasitsstorage.
2. Accuracy: - Thelevelofaccuracyintheproposedsystemwillbehigher.All
operationwouldbedonecorrectlyanditensuresthatwhateverinformationis
comingfromthecenterisaccurate.
3. Reliability: -Thereliabilityoftheproposedsystemwillbehighduetothe
abovestatedreasons.Thereasonfortheincreasedreliabilityofthesystemisthat
nowtherewouldbeproperstorageofinformation.
4. No Redundancy: - Intheproposedsystemutmostcarewouldbethatno
informationisrepeatedanywhere,instorageorotherwise.Thiswouldassure
economicuseofstoragespaceandconsistencyinthedatastored.
5. Immediate retrieval of information: - Themainobjectiveofproposed
systemistoprovideforaquickandecientretrievalofinformation.Anytype
ofinformationwouldbeavailablewhenevertheuserrequires.
6. Immediate storage of information: - Inmanualsystemtherearemany
problemstostorethelargestamountofinformation.
7. Easy to perate: - Thesystemshouldbeeasytooperateandshouldbesuch
thatitcanbedevelopedwithinashortperiodoftimeandtinthelimitedbudget
oftheuser.
/aterfall model
The water#all model is a popular version o# the system
development li#e cycle model #or so#tware engineering. =#ten
considered the classic approach to the systems development li#e
cycle, the water#all model describes a development method that
is linear and se!uential. Water#all development has distinct goals
#or each phase o# development. 'magine a water#all on the cli( o#
a steep mountain. =nce the water has *owed over the edge o# the
cli( and has begun its "ourney down the side o# the mountain, it
cannot turn back. 't is the same with water#all development. =nce
a phase o# development is completed, the development proceeds
to the net phase and there is no turning back.
The advantage o# water#all development is that it allows #or
departmentalization and managerial control. A schedule can be
set with deadlines #or each stage o# development and a product
can proceed through the development process like a car in a
carwash, and theoretically, be delivered on time. +evelopment
moves #rom concept, through design, implementation, testing,
installation, troubleshooting, and ends up at operation and
maintenance. Nach phase o# development proceeds in strict
order, without any overlapping or iterative steps.
The disadvantage o# water#all development is that it does
not allow #or much re*ection or revision. =nce an application is in
the testing stage, it is very diDcult to go back and change
something that was not well$thought out in the concept stage.
Alternatives to the water#all model include "oint application
development 8PA+9, rapid application development 8&A+9, synch
and stabilize, build and ,, and the 7piral model.
)ig : 9ater)all &odel
THE COMPLETE STRUCTURE
T >n T Travels is an > OneStopShops forallkindsoftourandtravel
products toservethedomesticandinternationaltouristsatanytime,anymoment
andanywhereinanypartsofthe'ndia .Itisacompleteonlinetravelsolutionportal
inthesensethatthetravelersneednotrequiremovingtodierenttravelagentsfor
dierentservicesinvolvedintheentiretravelprocess.Sittingatoneplace,travelers
canenquire,navigateandaskforeverythingrelatedtotravelservices.Themajorlist
ofonlinetravelservicesincludeonlineightbooking,onlinehotelbooking,online
cruise booking , onlinecar/busbooking. Theentiresystemisuser-friendlythat
guidesthetravelersautomaticallywhile making their reservation.
Overall Description
T n T Travels arrangesholidaysforcustomers.'t oertourandtravel
servicesincludingticket bookings,hotelreservations, rental car services,holiday
tourpackages,domestictourpackages. Bookingsaremadeonline directlyby
customers.The customer has to register himsel#/hersel# as our
registered customer. Gow he/she can select package tours
provided by us or can customize his/hers own tour. Whenacustomer
select his tour venue, then he/she may selectsother
accommodations #rom ightdetails,railway details, cruise details,
bus details andhoteldetailsaccording to their will. The registered
customer can also reserve tickets only or book hotel only through
our site. They can also choose rental car services and guide
#acility also according to their re!uirements. We provide #ull
#reedom to our customer to make their choice #rom the vast
in#ormation provided by us according to their com#ort and
,nances. ThedetailsareenteredontoaProvisionalBookingle.
Thecustomermustconrmthisbookingwithinthreedaysbysendinga
depositof10%ofthecosts.Onreceiptofthedeposit,Reservationstransferthe
detailsfromtheProvisionalBookingsletothe6on,rm Bookingsle.
FourweeksbeforetheTour isdue,we sendaninvoicetothecustomerfor
theremainingcosts.The Customeris noti,ed whenthefullpaymentisreceived
via Nmail or 7ms ,andCustomerServicesthensendticketsand other
instructionsand in#ormations tothecustomervia email .The tickets are
then send to the customers by mail.
6ustomer can also cancel their reservation online. The
register customer log into our site and can con,rm their
reservation. The cancelation is con,rmed by the administrator
and then re#und amount is send to the customer within : days
deducting the cancelation charges.
Functional Description
T >n T Travels impeccable services and well researched ?
planned out tour itineraries have drawn us a veritable list o#
clients #rom the world over. We believe in a simple philosophy that
reads as S-ive the customer what they ask #or$$$an ecellent
travel entertainment with complete peace o# mind and
satis#actionS. 'n the short span o# time we have generated huge
number o# clients who en"oys our *awless services and #acilities.
The different &odules involved in online Tour *nd Travel
management sstem are as follows.
6ustomer &egistration
Tour %ackages And 3oliday
=nline Ticket &eservation
=nline <light &eservation
=nline &ailway &eservation
=nline .us Ticket &eservation
=nline 3otel &eservation
Rental6ar Services
6ancelation
=nline <light 6ancelation
=nline &ailway 6ancelation
=nline .us Ticket 6ancelation
=nline 6ruise Bine 6ancelation
=nline 3otel 6ancelation
Tour 6ancelation
6ustomer &eservation
The customer are given the #acility to make online directly.They
has to register themselves as registered customers. 't is made to
authentication o# the customers, echange o# cryptography keys,
and creation o# a pro,le #or each traveler. Nach customer is
identi,ed by the user name. The customer con,rms their
reservation or makes any !uery using the user id.
TourPackagesAndHoliday
TnTTravels oersavarietyoftoursforGroupsandIndividualtouristsandhas
beenabletomastermindtourpackageswithgreatdealofeciency.Someofour
tourpackagesare:Tailor-madepackages,culturaltourspackages,adventuretour
packages,desert tour packages , beachtourpackages,religioustourpackages,
safaritourpackages,festivaltourpackages,artandcraftstourpackages,wildlife
tourpackages,conferencetourpackagesetc.andmuchmorepackagesintheIndian
Subcontinent.=ur 'nbound Tour division specializes in a wide
spectrum o# tours packages.
=nline Ticket &eservation
T >n T Travels allows its customers to reserve ticket online
through its own site visit.com.Cisit.com contains a huge
in#ormation regarding all types o# convenes throughout 'ndia in
comparatively less price. 6ustomer may select their own way o#
communication according to their re!uirements. Travelsboastsofa
modernandcomputerizedinfrastructure.Thisenablesustoassureimmediate
reservationsto ourcustomers and provide them with relevantonline
information. .The advantage o# booking your online ticket is that you
receive "e-tickets"instantly ,whichconsistofanumberthatidentiesyour
transaction. Thisnotonlysavesyourtimebutalsohelpsyoutocompareandnd
thebestdealsonyourtravel.
<lights to 'ndia make the #astest means o# commuting to
any destinations. T >n T Travels providesairticketingservicestopeople
desirousoftravelingwithinIndiaandatanytime atverylucrativediscounts.Our
onlinereservationsystem helpsusinconrmingthebookingsinstantlyeveninthe
verybusysectors.Justletusknowtheplaceandtimeandwewilldotherestassoon
aspossible.Thisnotonlysavesyourtimebutalsohelpsyoutocompareandndthe
bestdealsonyourtravel.The customers canbookconsolidatedairfaresand
discountightticketsonlineforanypartof'ndia .We o(er a very simple
reservation process. Aou need to select or enter the desired
destination, enter the dates o# arrival and departure, enter the
airline you are willing to travel through and enter the number o#
tickets re!uired. The ticketsareissuedas"e-tickets",whichconsistofa
numberthat identiesyourtransaction.Whenyouprintthise-ticketnumberand
takeittotheairport,youusuallyuseaself-serviceway toprintaboardingpass,
whichwillallowyoutoboardtheaircraft.
&ail in 'ndia is now the one o# best option to see real 'ndia.
Ouronlinereservationsystem helpsusinconrmingthebookingsinstantlyevenin
theverybusysectors.Justletusknowtheplaceandtimeandwewilldotherestas
soonaspossible.Thisnotonlysavesyourtimebutalsohelpsyoutocompareand
ndthebestdealsonyour. The customer may select #rom the choices
available in our site visit.com such as A6 coaches, 7leeper
coaches, A6 chair cars, <irst class, 7leeper classes. We o(er a
very simple reservation process. Aou need to select or enter the
desired destination, enter the dates we are willing to departure,
enter the train number, enter your desired class and the number
o# tickets re!uired. Ouronlinereservationsystem helpsusinconrmingthe
bookingsinstantlyevenintheverybusysectors.Justletusknowtheplaceandtime
andwewilldotherestassoonaspossible
Traveling 'ndia by .us is the best kind o# way #or traveling
because by bus you are able to eperience 'ndia more easily and
closely. '# someone has 'ndia #or traveling and no nothing about
this place bus traveling is the best option. Go doubt those buses
are the best kind o# way #or traveling in 'ndia because it is
available in every part o# 'ndia. T >n T Travels provide online bus
ticket booking services in 'ndia to reserve bus ticket up to 0K,
KKK destinations, with almost every ma"or tourist places, worship
places and suburb places o# 'ndia. Ouronlinereservationsystem helpsus
inconrmingthebookingsinstantlyevenintheverybusysectors.Justletusknow
theplaceandtimeandwewilldotherestassoonaspossible.Nvery kind o#
buses is available at visit.com site such as Colvo bus, sleeper bus,
A6 bus and non A6 bus. The process #or reserving a ticket or
numerous tickets is very easy and short time process. We o(er a
very simple reservation process. Aou need to select or enter the
desired destination, enter the dates we are willing to departure,
enter the bus type, enter your desired seats and the number o#
tickets re!uired. Ouronlinereservationsystem helpsusinconrmingthe
bookingsinstantlyevenintheverybusysectors.Justletusknowtheplaceandtime
andwewilldotherestassoonaspossible
=nline 3otel .ooking
Choosingtherightplacetostayisthemostimportantthingwhenitcomesto
vacations.Ifyouchooseagoodvacationhouse,youcanhaveagreattimewithyour
familyandfriends.Conversely,ifyouchooseashabbyplace,thewholevacation
couldturnintoanightmare.With our elaborated network o#
collaboration with the hotels in almost every part o# the 'ndian
subcontinent T >n T Travels provide our services o# individual or
group booking in any hotel o# any category. Got only this, we
always try to o(er lucrative discounted rates to our clients. We
will be happy to make the re!uisite arrangements #or you. We
o(er a very simple reservation process. Aou need to select or
enter the desired city, enter the dates o# arrival and departure
and enter the number o# guests. Aou could also search by a
speci,c hotel name within a city. A list o# hotels or vacation
rentals will appear on the screen.
Afterroomtypesandratesarereturnedtoyourscreen,youwillbeableto
choosetherateyoudesirebyreadingtheroominformationinthecenterofthe
screen,thenclickingonthe BookIt buttonontherightsideofthescreen.Afteryou
haveselectedyourdesiredroomtype,youwillbetakentoa"SecureReservation
Request"form.Thenyouwillneedtoreviewthe"ReservationInformation"andll
intheblanksonthe"GuestInformation"section.Besurethatyouwriteyourname
andemailaddresscorrectly.Afteryoulloutalloftheneededinformation,press
the"SubmitReservation"button.
Rental 6ar Services
'# you are looking #or best, reliable and a(ordable car and tais
rental services in 'ndia then you have reached your destination. T
>n T Travel provide reliable and a(ordable car and tais rental
services. =ur car ? tais rental services take care o# your time
and strive to give you the best customer satis#action.
The customer can avail our Airport trans#er 6ars and tais
rental services in 'ndia or you can go #or <ull/3al# day 6ars and
tais rental services in 'ndia. Aou "ust have to come online and
search #or your destination o# travel. And you will get all the
details with pricing #or your 6ars and tais rental services in 'ndia.
-et the best !uote to hire a car or tai in 'ndia. Avail our secure
online car ? tai reservation system to hire your choice o# car ?
tai. 6hoose #rom our best auto and car rental services. <or
3oliday, business, corporate avail a(ordable and reliable car and
tais rental services #or great eperience.
Avail 7mall, Medium, Barge, Minivans, %remium, and <our
Wheel +rive a(ordable and reliable car and tais rental services
in 'ndia. With 6ar types as;
Buury car and tais rental services
%remium car and tais rental services
Mid size ? small car and tais rental services
Aou can book car tais o# your choice. 7o determine the
vehicle o# your type to suit your needs. The customer are able to
book #rom #ollowing genre o# cars as Mercedes .enz 7$
6lass,Mercedes .enz N$6lass,Tata 7a#ari,Maruti Nsteem, Mitsubishi
lancer,=pel Astra,<ord 'kon,3onda 6ity,3yundai 7onata,Tata
'ndigo,Toyota 6amry,Toyota 6orolla,Toyota 'nnova and Model
Ciano now.
6ancelation
6ustomer can also cancel their reservation online. The register
customer log into our site visit.com and can re!uest #or
cancelation o# their reservation. The cancelation is con,rmed by
the administrator and then re#und amount is send to the customer
within : days deducting the cancelation charges. The '# the
cancellation is received be#ore #our weeks be#ore the departure
date, then :KJ o# appropriate deposit shall be #or#eited. 'n the
event o# the cancellation being 4K days or less prior to the
departure date the #ollowing charges will apply, with a minimum
cancellation #ee o# the original deposit,
More than 5weeks T:KJ o# deposit
40 days to 0: days $$$$4KJ o# tour cost
0: days or 2daysTOKJ o# tour cost
2days and less $$$$$ 0KKJ o# the tour cost
7ystem Algorithm
6ustomer &egistration
#tep$. #tart
#tep&. Enter !o !he #ite0s 1ome Page
#tep'. ,lick n !he 2New Registration3 4ink
#tep(. "ill )p !he Registration "orm In !he #ite
#tep*. #et )ser Name And Password
#tep+. #top.
Tour %ackages And 3oliday .ooking
#tep$. #tart
#tep'. ,lick n !he 2Pac8a"e 3 4ink
#tep(. Seect Cate"ory Pac8a"e'
#tep*. Vie/ 7etais
Step 9'Cic8 on :Boo8 no/ : Button
Step ;',i up the Tra%eers 7etais ,orm
Step <'Pay Amount Onine'
Step ='>our Tic8ets?and other 7etais /i -e send to you '
#tep&@ . #top.
#tep$. #tart
#tep'. ,lick n !he 2,i"ht 3 4ink
#tep(. ,i up the :,i"ht Searchin"A ,orm'
#tep*. Vie/ 7etais accordin" to your 4eBurements'
Step ='>our Tic8ets 7etais /i -e send to you '
#tep&@ . #top.
#tep$. #tart
#tep'. ,lick n !he 24ai/ay 3 4ink
#tep(. ,i up the :4ai/ay Searchin"A ,orm'
#tep&@ . #top.
#tep$. #tart
#tep'. ,lick n !he 2Bus 3 4ink
#tep(. ,i up the :Bus Searchin"A ,orm'
Step <'Pay Amount onine'
#tep&@ . #top.
=nline 3otel &eservation
#tep$. #tart
#tep'. ,lick n !he 21ote 3 4ink
#tep(. ,i up the :1ote Searchin"A ,orm'
Step ='>our 4eser%ation 7etais /i -e send to you '
#tep&@ . #top.
Rental6ar Services
#tep$. #tart
#tep'. ,lick n !he :4enta Car 3 4ink
#tep(. ,i up the :4enta Car Searchin"A ,orm'
Step <'Pay &@C of the Amount is to -e paid onine'And the 4est
Amount is to -e Paid to the
7ri%er'
Step ='>our 7etais /i -e send to you '
#tep&@ . #top.
6ancelation
#tep$. #tart
#tep&. Enter !o !he $y Account Page
#tep'. ,lick n !he 2$y Boo8in" 3 4ink
#tep(. Seect the Boo8in" >ou /ant to Cance'
#tep*. Vie/ 7etais of the Boo8in"'
Step 9'Cic8 on :Cance no/ : Button
Step ;' Con2rm your Caceation'
Step <'>our 4efunda-e AmountDaccordin" to the 4ues E/i -e
de-ited to your account'
Step ='Stop'
Gew Tour %ackages And 3oliday +etails
#tep$. #tart
Step('Admin .o" In'
#tep) . Enter !o !he Admin $aster Page
Step *'Seect ne/ Insert Type
Step+' ,i up the :Pac8a"e tour 7etaisA ,orm'
Step 9',i up the :Pac8a"e 7escriptionA ,orm'
Step;' 6poad Picture and Ima"es of the Pac8a"e Tour'
Step<' Stop'
Gew <light +etails
#tep$. #tart
Step('Admin .o" In'
Step+' ,i up the ,i"ht 7etais form'
Step9'Stop'
Gew &ailway +etails
#tep$. #tart
Step('Admin .o" In'
#tep) . Enter !o !he Admin $aster Page'
Step+' ,i up the :4ai/ay 7etaisA form'
Step9'Stop'
Gew .us +etails
#tep$. #tart
Step('Admin .o" In'
Step*' ,i up the Bus 7etais form'
Step+' 6poad Picture '
Step9'Stop'
Gew 3otel +etails
#tep$. #tart
Step('Admin .o" In'
Step+' ,i up the 1ote 7etais form'
Step9' 6poad Picture '
Step;'Stop'
Gew Rental6ar +etails
#tep$. #tart
Step('Admin .o" In'
Step+' ,i up the 4enta Car 7etais form'
Step9' 6poad Picture '
Step;'Stop'
Ndit Tour %ackages And 3oliday +etails
#tep$. #tart
Step('Admin .o" In'
Step *'Seect Edit Insert Type
Step+' Seect the Pac8a"e reBuired to $odi2ed '
Step 9'Edit Pac8a"e tour 7etais'
Step;'Edit Picture and Ima"es of the Pac8a"e Tour'
Step<' Stop'
Ndit <light +etails
#tep$. #tart
Step('Admin .o" In'
Step+' Seect the ,i"ht reBuired to $odi2ed '
Step 9'Edit ,i"ht 7etais'
Step9'Stop'
Ndit &ailway +etails
#tep$. #tart
Step('Admin .o" In'
#tep) . Enter !o !he Admin $aster Page'
Step *'Seect edit Insert Type
Step+' Seect the Train reBuired to $odi2ed '
Step 9'Edit 4ai/ay 7etais'
Step;'Stop'
Ndit .us +etails
#tep$. #tart
Step('Admin .o" In'
Step+' Seect the Bus reBuired to $odi2ed '
Step 9'Edit Bus 7etais'
Step;'Edit Picture and Ima"es of the Bus'
Step<'Stop'
Ndit 3otel +etails
#tep$. #tart
Step('Admin .o" In'
Step+' Seect the 1ote reBuired to $odi2ed '
Step 9'Edit 1ote 7etais'
Step;'Edit Picture and Ima"es of the 1ote'
Step<'Stop'
Ndit Rental6ar +etails
#tep$. #tart
Step('Admin .o" In'
Step+' Seect the Car reBuired to $odi2ed '
Step 9'Edit 4enta Car 7etais'
Step;'Edit Picture and Ima"es '
Step<'Stop'
ptimi5ation
The optimization o# the =nline Travel system is achieved as
#ollows;
0. The code o# database connectivity is segregated, i.e., it is
written in a di(erent section under one bean, this bean is used to
do interaction with the database server. The connection with
database is done by this bean, in the de#ault constructor o# every
server class implementing load balancer.
2. The pro"ect unlike other systems which are based on round
robin scheduling or <'<=, is based on 6apacity +riven scheduling.
3ere, more load is given to the client which is more eDcient and
delivers larger number o# alerts to customers. 't not only
increases the overall eDciency but also gets away with the
choking problem.
4. 'n most o# the client/server applications, the server is used to
shed load or give the alert messages #or transmission to
customers but in alert messaging system the clients ,rst ,nish o(
the work assigned to them. 6lients get more work only when they
,nished o( the work assigned to them.
5. '# due to any reasons the database connection gets broken then
it has to be reset. The optimization is achieved when server starts
its thread 8threads U clients9. Nach o# the thread have to get the
array list #rom the database server. '# the connection gets brokenM
it can be reestablished by any o# the eecuting threads at that
time, so resetting o# broken database is also optimized by this
multithreaded architecture.
#oftware !esting !echni6ues
7o#tware testing is a critical element o# so#tware !uality
assurance and represents the ultimate review o# speci,cation,
design, and code generation. The increasing visibility o# so#tware
as a system element and the attendant costs associated with a
so#tware #ailure are motivating #orces #or well planned, through
testing.
The main ob"ectives o# testing are listed below;
Testingisaprocessofexecutingaprogramwiththeintentofndinganerror.
Agoodtestcaseisonethathasahighprobabilityofndinganas-yet-
undiscoverederror.
Asuccessfultestisonethatuncoversanas-yet-undiscoverederror.
Softwareistestedfromtwodierentperspectives:(1)internalprogramlogic
isexercisedusing"white-box"testcasedesigntechniques.
(2)Softwarerequirementsareexercisedusing"black-box"testcasedesign
techniques.Inbothcases,theintentistondthemaximumnumberoferrors
withtheminimumamountofeortandtime.
<ollowing are the two types o# techni!ues, which have been used
to test this pro"ect;
White-boxtesting
Black-boxtesting
#oftware !esting #trategies
Unit Testing
't #ocuses on the smallest unit o# so#tware design $ the so#tware
component or module. Rsing the component level design
description as a guide, important control paths are tested to
uncover errors within the boundary o# the module. The relative
compleity o# tests and uncovered errors is limited by the
constrained scope established #or unit testing. The unit test is
white$bo oriented, and the step can be conducted in parallel #or
multiple components. The tests that occur as part o# unit tests are
listed below;
ModuleInterfaceistestedtoensurethatinformationproperlyowsintoand
outoftheprogramunitundertest.Testsofdataowacrossamodule
interfacearerequiredbeforeanyothertestisinitiated.Ifdatadoesnotenter
andexitproperly,allothertestsaremoot.
LocalDataStructuresareexaminedtoensurethatdatastoredtemporarily
maintainsitsintegrityduringallstepsinanalgorithm'sexecution.
BoundaryConditionsaretestedtoensurethatthemoduleoperatesproperlyat
boundariesestablishedtolimitorrestrictprocessing.
IndependentPathsareexercisedtoensurethatallstatementsinamodulehave
beenexecutedatleastonce.
ErrorHandlingPathsarealsotested.
7elective testing o# eecution paths is an essential task during the
unit test. .asis path and loop testing are e(ective techni!ues #or
uncovering a broad array o# path errors.Among the more common
errors in computation are
misunderstoodorincorrectarithmeticprecedence,
mixedmodeoperations
incorrectinitialization
precisioninaccuracy
incorrectsymbolicrepresentationofanexpression.
6omparison and control *ow are closely coupled to one another
8i.e., change o# *ow #re!uently occurs a#ter a comparison9. Test
cases should uncover errors such as
comparisonofdierentdatatypes
incorrectlogicaloperatorsorprecedence
expectationofequalitywhenprecisionerrormakesequalityunlikely
incorrectcomparisonofvariables
improperornonexistentlooptermination
failuretoexitwhendivergentiterationisencountered
improperlymodiedloopvariables
Among the potential errors that should be tested when error
handling is evaluated
Errordescriptionisunintelligible
Errornoteddoesnotcorrespondtoerrorencountered
Errorconditioncausessysteminterventionpriortoerrorhandling
Exception-conditionprocessingisincorrect
Errordescriptiondoesnotprovideenoughinformationtoassistinthelocation
ofthecauseoftheerror.
.oundary testing is the last 8and probably most important9 task o#
the unit test step. 7o#tware o#ten #ails at its boundaries. That is,
errors o#ten occur when the nth element o# an n$dimensional
array is processed, when the ith repetition o# a loop with i passes
is invoked, when the maimum or minimum allowable value is
encountered.
Integration Testing
A#ter the testing o# each module separately, all o# them are
tested "ointly to check how a data *ows #rom one module to
another module. .ecause this data *ow may give uncovered
errors that have not been covered in the unit testing. And so they
are checked with #ull compilation. The ob"ective is to take unit
tested components and build a program structure that has been
dictated by design. 'ntegration testing is a systematic techni!ue
#or constructing the program structure while at the same time
conducting tests to uncover errors associated with inter#acing.
Top Down Integration
Top$down integration testing is an incremental approach to
construction o# program structure. Modules are integrated by
moving downward through the control hierarchy, beginning with
the main module. Modules subordinate to the main control
module are incorporated into the structure in either a depth ,rst
or breadth ,rst manner. The top$down integration policy veri,es
ma"or control or decision points early in the test process.
Smoke Testing
Itencompassesthefollowingactivities:
Softwarecomponentsthathavebeentranslatedintoabuild.Abuildincludes
alldatales,libraries,reusablemodules,andengineeredcomponentsthatare
requiredtoimplementoneormoreproductfunctions.
Aseriesoftestsisdesignedtoexposeerrorsthatwillkeepthebuildfrom
properlyperformingitsfunctions.Theintentshouldbetouncover"show
stopper"errorsthathavethehighestlikelihoodofthrowingthesoftware
projectbehindschedule.
Thebuildisintegratedwithotherbuildsandtheentireproductissmoke
testeddaily.
Smoketestingprovidesanumberofbenetswhenitisappliedoncomplex,
time-criticalsoftwareengineeringprojects.
Validation Testing
At the culmination o# integration testing, so#tware is
completely assembled as a package, inter#acing errors have been
uncovered and corrected, and a ,nal series o# so#tware tests$
validation testing$may begin. Calidation can be de,ned in many
ways, but a simple de,nition is that validation succeeds when
so#tware #unctions in a manner that can be reasonably epected
by the customer. 7o#tware validation is achieved through a series
o# black bo tests that demonstrate con#ormity with the
re!uirements. A test plan outlines the classes o# tests to be
conducted and a test procedure de,nes speci,c test cases that
will be used to demonstrate con#ormity with re!uirements. .oth
the plan and procedure are designed to ensure that all #unctional
re!uirements are satis,ed, all behavioral characteristics are
achieved, all per#ormance re!uirements are attained,
documentation is correct, and human engineered and other
re!uirements are met.
Stress Testing
+uring earlier so#tware testing steps, white$bo and black$bo
techni!ues resulted in thorough evaluation o# normal program
#unctions and per#ormance 7tress tests are designed to con#ront
programs with abnormal situations 'n essence, the tester who
per#orms stress testing asks S3ow high can we crank this up
be#ore it #ails1S
7tress testing eecutes a system in a manner that demands
resources in abnormal !uantity, #re!uency, or volume. <or
eample,
specialtestsmaybedesignedthatgenerateteninterruptspersecond,when
oneortwoistheaveragerate
inputdataratesmaybeincreasedbyanorderofmagnitudetodeterminehow
inputfunctionswillrespond
testcasesthatrequiremaximummemoryorotherresourcesareexecuted
testcasesthatmaycausethrashinginavirtualoperatingsystemaredesigned
testcasesthatmaycauseexcessivehuntingfordisk-residentdataarecreated
Essentially,thetesterattemptstobreaktheprogram
S oftware 7aintenance

Maintenance comes under the support phase. Maintenance
accounts #or more e(ort than any other so#tware engineering
activity. 't #ocuses on change associated with error correction,
adaptations re!uired as the so#tware's environment evolves, and
changes due to enhancements brought about by changing
customer re!uirements. <our types o# changes are encountered
during the support phase;
,orrective 7aintenance:
Evenwiththebestqualityassuranceactivities,itislikelythatthe
customerwilluncoverdefectsinthesoftware.Correctivemaintenance
changesthesoftwaretocorrectdefects.
Adaptive 7aintenance:
Overtime,theoriginalenvironment(e.g.,CPU,OS,rules,external
productcharacteristic)forwhichthesoftwarewasdevelopedislikelyto
change.Adaptivemaintenanceresultsinmodicationtothesoftwareto
accommodatechangestoitsexternalenvironment.
PerfectiveMaintenance
Asthesoftwareisused,thecustomerwillrecognizeadditional
functionsthatwillprovidebenet.Perfectivemaintenanceextendsthe
softwarebeyonditsoriginalfunctionalrequirements.
Preventive 7aintenance :
Computersoftwaredeterioratesduetochange,andbecauseofthis,
preventivemaintenance,oftencalledsoftwarereengineering,mustbe
conductedtoenablethesoftwaretoservetheneedsofitsendusers.
S oftware 8uality 7easures
Although there are several measures o# so#tware !uality, we have
taken the #ollowing measures as an indicator in this pro"ect;
Correctness
Maintenance
Integrity
Usability
Eciency
Portability
The above #actors do not necessarily lend themselves to direct
measurement. 3owever, they provide a worthwhile basis #or
indirect measures and an ecellent checklist #or assessing the
!uality o# the system.
While developing the pro"ect, we have kept these measures in
mind as an indicator o# !uality.
PERT 6 hart
APERTchartisaprojectmanagementtoolusedtoschedule,organize,and
coordinatetaskswithinaproject.PERTstandsfor ProgramEvaluationReview
Technique ,amethodologydevelopedbytheU.S.Navyinthe1950stomanagethe
Polarissubmarinemissileprogram.
A %N&T chart presents a graphic illustration o# a pro"ect as a
network diagram consisting o# numbered nodes representing
events, or milestones in the pro"ect linked by labelled vectors
8directional lines9 representing tasks in the pro"ect. The direction
o# the arrows on the lines indicates the se!uence o# tasks
-antt 6hart
A -antt chart is a type o# bar chart that illustrates a pro"ect
schedule.-antt charts illustrate the start and ,nish dates o# the
terminal element and summary elements o# a pro"ect. Terminal
elements and summary elements comprise the work breakdown
o# the pro"ect. 7ome -antt charts also show the dependeccy 8i.e,
precedence network9 relationships between activities. -antt
charts can be used to show current schedule status using percent$
complete
Pu
l
Au
g
7e
pt
=c
t
Go
v
+e
c
Pa
n
<e
b
M
ar
Ap
r
May$
Pune
Puly$
Aug
7ept
Requirement
Gathering
Design
Test Cases
Coding
Testing
Quality
Assurance
Testing
Build
-antt charts only represent part o# the triple constraints o#
pro"ects, because they #ocus primarily on schedule management.
Moreover, -antt charts do not represent the size o# a pro"ect or
the relative size o# work elements, there#ore the magnitude o# a
behind$schedule condition is easily communicated. '# two pro"ects
are the same number o# days behind schedule, the larger pro"ect
has a larger impact on resource utilization, yet the -antt does not
represent this di(erence. Although pro"ect management so#tware
can show schedule dependencies as lines between activities,
displaying a large number o# dependencies may result in a
cluttered or unreadable chart. .ecause the horizontal bars o# a
-antt chart have a ,ed height, they can misrepresent the time$
phased workload 8resource re!uirements9 o# a pro"ect. 'n the
eample shown in this article, Activities N and - appear to be the
same size, but in reality they may be orders o# magnitude
di(erent. A related criticism is that all activities o# a -antt chart
show planned workload as constant
<uture 7cope =# The %ro"ect
ThereisawidescopeforfutureimplementationofTravelandtourism
towardsaninterestingexperienceofmoderntechnologies.T >n T Travels is an
> = neStopShops forallkindsoftourandtravelproducts toservethedomesticand
internationaltouristsatanytime,anymomentandanywhereinanypartsofthe
'ndia. Notbeingstickytomakepackageswithin'ndia only ,itcanbeglobal-a
Globaltourismthroughacomprehensiveinfrastructure.Nowadays,traveling
betweentwoplacesisnotapointofdiscussions,asmoderntechnogieshavemade
travelpleasurecomprisingspeed Withcomfort.sopeoplearenotwillingtobebound
withinonlyasmallgeographiocalarea.7 othereisplacetomakethemexperience
thetaste OfGlobalTourism.
.ibliography
%rogramming A7%.GNT .y =' &eilly
A+=.GNT .y &ebecca M. &iordan
%ro#essional A7%. Get .y Wro
%rogramming 7QB 7erver 2KK: .y .ill 3amilton
%ro#essional 7QB 7erver 2KK %rogramming .y &=. Cieira
Wro
Mastering 7QB 7Nrver 2KKK .y Mike -underloy and Poseph B.
Porden .%.
Cisual 6V .y Wro

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