645

International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering

ISSN 0974-5904, Volume 04, No 06 SPL, October 2011, pp. 645-647
#020410342 Copyright 2011 CAFET-INNOVA TECHNICAL SOCIETY. All rights reserved
Comparative Study of Supporting System of Elevated Ground Based Billboards

K.A. Parmar
Research Scholar, Applied Mechanics Department, L. D. College of Engineering, Gujarat Technological University,
Ahmedabad, Gujarat (India) Email: kaparmar.19@gmail.com
M.G.Vanza
Associate Professor, Applied Mechanics Department, L. D. College of Engineering, Gujarat Technological University,
Ahmedabad, Gujarat (India) Email: mgvanza@yahoo.co.in

ABSTRACT: Billboard is recent trends for outdoor advertisement. At many places it is observed that the supporting
system of billboards has been failed due to heavy wind load. This paper includes different types of supporting system
having multi post back to back and multi post in single line with different configuration for better selection and finally it
compares deflection and cost of the system. As predominant failure is due to wind, Ahmedabad city is considered as
location for comparative study and the height of structure is taken 16.75 m.. Analysis and Design of supporting system
is as per STAAD. Pro which follows IS 800-2007. For wind consideration IS 875(part-3) -1987 is used.

KEY WORDS: Hoarding, Billboard, Supporting system

INTRODUCTION
Billboard is the common term used to describe a type of
outdoor advertising found along major highways.
This name is most frequently given to large steel-framed
signs, which are mounted on poles 20-100 ft (6.1-30.5 m)
above the ground. Hoarding board and Advertisement
board are also used for large steel frame signs.
Main Components:-
Large billboards have three main components:
1) Steel used to construct and support the frame,
2) Artwork that conveys the advertising message, and
3) Electrical equipment for lighting and other special
effects.
Standard sizes for a large steel frame assembly are 6.1m x
18.3 m, 6.1 x 14.6 m or 3 x 11 m

General Consideration:
1. Size of billboard is 6.1 m x 12.2 m
2. All supports are fixed and joints are rigid
3. Foundation is 1.5 m below from ground base.
4. Effective length of the member is taken as per IS 800-
2007 by STAAD Pro.
5. Billboard is made up of 2 mm thick steel plate.

OBJECTIVE
The main objective of the present study is to select of two
common types of configuration as supporting system of
billboards for comparative study.
1) Multi post in single line
2) Multi post in double line

a) Modelling each one in software (STAAD Pro)
b) Wind analysis as per IS 875(part-3) 1987
c) Design as per IS:800(2007) using STAAD Pro
SCOPE
The present study is carried out for supporting system of
billboard with multi post back to back and in single line.
The study will help to select better configuration of
supporting system of billboard from multi post back to
back and multi post in single line from economic and
displacement criteria.

LOADS AND LOADS COMBINATIONS
Following loads are considered for analysis of
supporting system.
1) Dead load
2) Wind load in +z direction
3) Wind load in - z direction
Following loading combinations are considered for
analysis.
1) 1.5 D.L. + 1.5 W.L
2) 1.5 D.L. - 1.5 W.L

Wind Load Calculation:
Wind load is calculated as per IS 875(part-3)-1987
Location of Billboard is Ahmedabad for comparative
study.
External pressure coefficient C
f
is considered as per IS
875, part-3,Sec.6.3.2.3
Wind force acting on billboard (F)
F = C
f
x A
e
x p
z
(IS 875, part-3, Sec.6.3)
Length of billboard is 12.2 m and height is 6.1 m so b/h =
2 and billboard is above ground.
C
f
= 1.2 (IS 875, part-3, Sec.6.3.2.3, Table 24)
To allow for oblique winds, the design shall be checked
for net pressure normal to the surface varying linearly
from a maximum of 1.7 C
f
at the up wind to 0.44 C
f
at the
downwind edge.
Maximum C
f
= 1.7
Wind force acting on billboard (F) is 0.8156 kN/m
2
as per
IS 875, part-3, Sec.6.3.
Wind load is generated only on billboard surface.





ANALYSIS AND DESIGN USING STAAD Pro
Standard size of billboard:

646 K.A. Parmar, M.G.Vanza
International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering
ISSN 0974-5904, Volume 04, No 06 SPL, October 2011, pp. 645-647

Fig.1 Standard size of billboard for study

Case 1: Supporting system with multy post back to back
with first configuration

Fig.2 Supporting system with inclined members

Member Properties :
Vertical members (Members parallel to Y):- Built up
member having size 65 x 45 x 8 with 80 mm spacing
between each angle is selected as vertical members.
Members parallel to x axis: - Single angle having size 90
x 90 x 8 mm is used as horizontal members.
Members parallel to z axis: - 2 ISA 200 x 150 x 12 mm
with longer leg connected back to back with 12 mm gusset
plate is selected as members parallel to z axis at 3.05 m
from ground level. Above 3.05 m from ground level,
angles are 70 x 45 x 8 mm with longer leg connected back
to back with 12 mm gusset plate.
Inclined members: - ISA 100 x 100x 8 mm is used as
inclined members.




TOTAL WEIGHT OF STRUCTURE:
Weight of structure = 64.461 kN

MAXIMUM DISPLACEMENT:
Maximum nodal displacement is at top centre node and it
is 62.471 mm.

Case 2: Supporting system with multi post back to back
with second configuration


Fig.3 Supporting system cross bracing


Member Properties:
Vertical members (Members parallel to Y):- 4 ISA 90 x
60 x 8 with 100 mm spacing between each angle is
selected as vertical members
Members parallel to x axis:- ISA 90 x 90 x 8 mm is
selected as members parallel to x axis
Inclined members:- ISA 110 x 110x 8 mm is selected as
cross bracing for top two rows and for bottom last row
ISA 130 x 130 x 8 mm is used.

TOTAL WEIGHT OF STRUCTURE:
Weight of structure = 76.565 kN

MAXIMUM DISPLACEMENT:
Maximum nodal displacement is at top centre node and it
is 59.685 mm.

Case 3 Supporting system of billboard with multi post in
Single row:
647 Comparative Study of Supporting System of Elevated Ground Based Billboards

International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering
ISSN 0974-5904, Volume 04, No 06 SPL, October 2011, pp. 645-647

Fig.4 Supporting system with multi post in single line

Member Properties:
Vertical members:- ISA 150 x 150 x 10 mm is used as
vertical members
Members parallel to x axis:- ISA 90 x 90 x 8 mm is
selected as members parallel to x axis
Members parallel to z axis:- ISA 60 x 60 x 8 mm is
selected as members parallel to z axis
Inclined Members:- ISA 90 x 90 x 8 mm is selected as
inclined members within billboard height and single angle
having size 125 x 125 x 6 mm is used from G.L to 7.6 m
height.

TOTAL WEIGHT OF STRUCTURE:
Weight of structure = 56.177 kN

MAXIMUM DISPLACEMENT:
Maximum nodal displacement is at top centre node and it
is 36.85 mm.
















RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Analysis is carried out on three different supporting
system of billboard with multi post back to back and multi
post in single line considering wind load in positive z
direction and negative z direction.
Final result of comparison is shown in concluding graph.

CONCLUSION



From the results of above all three cases a suggestion for
the configuration of supporting system for the considered
size of billboard is that the supporting system with multi
post in single row shows better performance against wind
load resistance and displacement and it is economical
compared to other considered supporting system .


REFERENCES:

[1] IS: 800-2007, General construction in steel code
of practice, Bureau of Indian Standards.
[2] IS: 875 (part-3) 1987 Code of practice for design
loads (other than earthquake) for buildings and
structures of Practice, Bureau of Indian Standards.
[3] An Explanatory handbook on IS: 875 (part-3)
1987 wind loads on buildings and structures by
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
[4] STAAD.Pro