Age of Exploration

PLEDDS Chapter 13
Due Thursday, October 7
th
!
PLED
(Person, Location, Event, and/or
Date)
DEFINITION
SIGNIFICANCE
(Why is it important?)
Sample:
The Black Death, spread
throuh !"#$s % !"&$s
'lso kno(n as the )u)onic
plaue, it (as a (idespread
disease that killed thousands
durin the *iddle 'es+
,t created catastrophic death
rates that neatively
impacted )oth economic and
social sta)ility across Europe+
,t caused a loss o- -aith -or
some, as it (as considered a
punishment -rom .od, and led
to drastic anti%/emitism in
some areas+
.od, .lory, and .old
The chie- motives -or
European e0pansion+ 1.od2
in3uenced e0plorers to
convert natives+ 1.lory2
in3uenced e0plorers to take
over land+ 1.old2 in3uenced
e0plorers to search -or money
and resources in the ne(
(orld+
1.od, .lory, and .old2
in3uenced e0plorers to
e0plore and in3uenced ho(
they (ent a)out e0plorin+
/panish e0plorers
They sailed (est(ard to 4nd
the spice trade+ 5olum)us
-ound the islands o- the
5ari))ean+ The 6ative
'mericans (ere declared to
)e 7ueen ,sa)ella8s su)9ects+
They (ere the 4rst to )oth
e0plore the ne( (orld and
con:uer it+ The /panish
e0plorers committed a mass
enocide o- natives+
Portuuese e0plorers
They discovered a route
around the 5ape o- .ood
;ope ('-rica)+ They (anted
to keep 'sian tradin -or
themselves and attacked the
*uslim traders+ They did not
(ant to coloni<e, they 9ust
(anted trade+
They (ere the 4rst ma9or
European e0plorers+ They ot
other European po(ers
interested in 'sian trade+
Line o- Demarcation
'n imainary line oin north
to south throuh the 'tlantic
=cean and east o- /outh
'merica+ Portual took
territories east o- the line
(hile /pain ot territories
(est o- the line+ Portual still
had '-rica and /pain ot most
o- the 'mericas+
The line ended the
competition )et(een the
/paniards and the Portuuese
-or a short time+ When other
countries came to the ne(
(orld, the line no loner
applied+
con:uistadors
The /panish con:uerors+ >sed
uns and determination to
overcome the civili<ations
already created in the 6e(
World+
They destroyed societies in
the 'mericas and killed many
natives+ They also tried to
convert natives+
encomienda
The riht to use 6ative
'mericans as la)orers+ Part o-
this (as that the /panish
(ere to protect the 6ative
'mericans )ut they
disrearded that part+
Because o- encomienda,
many 6ative 'mericans died+
,t sho(ed ho( poorly the
6ative 'mericans (ere
thouht o- i- the /panish
decided that they should )e
used as la)orers (ithout their
say+
The 5olum)ian E0chane
The e0chane o- oods
)et(een the 6e( World and
Europe+
The 5olum)ian E0chane
chaned )oth the old and ne(
(orld+ 6e( thins (ere
)rouht to each area that has
in3uenced them since then+
colony
/ettlement o- people in a ne(
area controlled )y a country
some(here else+
The -oundin o- colonies
in3uenced the -oundin o-
ne( countries+ Parent
countries ot the ra(
materials -or their -actories
-rom the colonies+
mercantilism
The idea that the prosperity
o- a nation depended on old
and silver+
*ercantilism led to the
e0plorers searchin (ildly -or
old+
)alance o- trade
The di?erence in value
)et(een the imports and
e0ports o- a country+
' )alance o- trade is
important to secure the
economy o- a country+ ,- a
country imports more than
they e0port or vice versa then
their economy (ill su?er+
5ountries (anted to have
)oth imports and e0ports+
slave trade
/ome slaves (ere )ein
taken to Portual as domestic
servants+ ,n the 'mericas,
slaves (ere used to harvest
cane suar on lare
plantations+ The slave trade
)ecame part o- the trianular
trade+
The transport o- slaves
)ecame common+ The
'mericas )ecame prosperous
mostly )ecause o- slaves+
trianular trade
The )einnin o- the ne(
(orld economy+ European
ships )rouht European
manu-actured oods (uns
and cloth) to '-rica+ The ships
traded the oods -or slaves
and )rouht them to the
'mericas+ The merchants
then )ouht to)acco,
molasses, suar, and cotton
and took it to Europe+
The trianular trade )rouht
many slaves to the 'mericas
as (ell as )rinin unusual
o)9ects to di?erent places+ ,n
'-rica, Europeans ave
'-rican leaders uns+ .uns
(ere used in the (ars '-rica
had durin the time o-
e0ploration+
Benin
' creative and )rilliant
society+ The society -ell apart
(hen it )ecame part o- the
slave trade+ The population
-ell (hile (ar-are rose+ The
people lost -aith in their ods,
the creativity deteriorated,
and humans (ere sacri4ced+
Benin sho(s an a(-ul e?ect o-
slavery+ ,t (as a society (ith
European values that the
Europeans destroyed+
'-rican states
*ost political systems in
'-rica (ere )ased on
monarchy+ /ome (ere tied
toether under a common
kindom+ =ther states had a
stron overnment in the
center+
With monarchial '-rican
states, the leader could
prosper i- he sold his people
to traders+
reliion
,slam e0panded throuhout
'-rica+ /ome e0plorers tried to
spread 5hristianity in '-rica,
)ut most attempts (ere
unsuccess-ul+
,slam )ecame stroner
)ecause the missionary (ork
o- 5hristians (as mostly
unsuccess-ul+
/outheast 'sia
Bean as a relatively sta)le
reion+ 6e( countries started
to -orm and the countries
-ouht over land+ *uslim
merchants came to trade -or
spices and in3uenced the
-ormation o- *elaka+
The economy o- /outheast
'sia )ecame mostly run )y
Europeans+ *uslims made
trade net(orks in 'sia+ They
esta)lished a port in a
strateic location+ /outheast
'sia in3uenced e0plorers to
try to 4nd a (ay there+
Dutch traders
Better 4nanced than the
Portuuese+ They took a
Portuuese -ort in the
*oluccas and radually
pushed the Portuuese out o-
the *oluccas+ They )ecame
the main European traders in
the area+
The Dutch (ere prosperous in
the /pice ,slands+ They
understood ho( to take land
in 'sia and -ound a strateic
tradin point+
/outheast 'sian styles o-
monarchy
The Buddhist style (as that
the kin (as superior to the
other humans and he (as the
link )et(een the humans and
the universe+ The @avanese
style (as that the kin (as
sacred and that he
maintained the )alance
)et(een the people and the
sacred (orld+ The palace (as
desined to represent the
center o- the universe+ The
,slamic style (as that the
ruler (as a mortal (ith
special po(ers (ho de-ended
-aith+ ;is )ureaucracy (as
4lled (ith aristocrats+
The /outheast 'sian styles o-
monarchy (ere adopted -rom
the European styles o-
monarchy+ They sho(ed ho(
countries could )e in3uenced
politically )y other countries+