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Quality
Date:
Jun - 12 - 2013
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he Quality Function Deloy!ent, also called he !ouse o" Quality, is a
methodology used in design and #uality engineering to create products that suit the
desires and needs o" the client$customer o" them% hus, with Q&D we will 'e a'le to
calculate what "eatures should 'e added to the design o" our product or ser(ice%
)lso, we will *now what are the unnecessary "eatures that add an e+tra cost to the
product without 'eing appreciated 'y the customer and gi(e us a (ision a'out how
is our product placed in the mar*et, in order to choose which are the priority areas to
impro(e%
In summary, the Quality &unction Deployment ,Q&D- help us when we ha(e to
design a new product.
- Q&D gi(es us an o'/ecti(e point o" (iew a'out what our "uture customers are
loo*ing "or in a product and the re#uirements it must ha(e%
- Q&D gi(es us a prioritization a'out what "eatures are most important to add, and
which ones are not necessary%
- Q&D tell us a'out the situation o" how is our current product against similar others,
and what are the areas o" impro(ement to 'e more competiti(e ,and sell more, o"
course-%
"n this ost we will exlain the stes to aly this !ethodology#
0ou also ha(e an e+ample o" a Q&D in the end o" the post to download it%
1enerally, Q&D has this shape.
o do this, you ha(e to "ollow the order indicated in the drawing% o e+plain it step
'y step, we will ta*e an e+ample o" a "ictional company that wants to launch a new
digital camera.
1% 23!)4 5ist
he 3!) 5ist includes the aspects that our clients and customers e+pects "rom
our product% )t this point you ha(e to put as many things as you can, in order to not
"orget any aspect% 5ater, we will discard the 3!) points less rele(ant%
&or e+ample, "or a digital camera we could write those 3!) points.
he camera should ha(e6
a good 'attery
a hight #uality lens
"lash light
it has to 'e a'le to record (ideo
a 'ig internal memory
a large 57D display
a easy to use so"tware
Quality &unction Deployment ,Q&D-. 3hat is Q&D
and how to use it
8earch
8ocial 9etwor*
:ecent acti(ity
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3hat is IQ9et< = 3hat are the IQ9et
Certi"icates<
;DC) Cycle ,;lan, Do, Chec*, )ct-. he
Deming cycle and the continuous
impro(ement
he 'est places to (isit in 8pain. ) new
we'site pro/ect
>an'an ?ethodology. !ow to reduce delays
and create an e""icient production system
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&?7) ,&ailure ?ode
7""ects )nalysis-. !ow
to analyze potential
"ailures in a design
>ano )nalysis. ;roduct
de(elopment thin*ing in
the customer
satis"action
87:DQE)5 model,
#uality analysis o"
ser(ices
Chec*lists. 3hat is a
chec*list and how to
use it<
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Page 1 of 5 Quality Function Deployment (QFD): What is QFD and how to use it - PDC !ome ("""
#$1%&$%&11 http:&&pdcahome"com&english&'1&(uality-function-deployment-(fd-what-is-(fd-and-ho"""
a compact design
a pretty design
a ergonomic shape
it has to take photos quickly
bluetooth
it has to be able to synchronize with the computer
resistant to shocks
it has to be able to expand it with a memory card
it should come with a cover
2. WHAT Analysis
ow! the "irst thing to do is to order the WHAT points by its importance. #n order to
do it! you can create a quest or survey o" potential users $clients$customers! which
rate the importance o" each aspect "rom % to & '% ( not important! & ( very
important).
These results o" importance have to be written in one column 'column %) in an *xcel
and they will be used later.
The next columns to "ill are those about what is the current status o" our product "or
each WHAT 'column +) and how are the other companies 'columns , and &)! "illing
them with values between % and & "or each WHAT! '% ( very bad situation and & (
very good situation). .or example! i" our product does not have .lash! you will
receive a % in that box! and i" you have very good "lash will be a &. '/ee the example
below).
0nce that it1s done and based on the importance o" each WHAT! you have to put an
ob2ective or goal between % and &! which will we placed in the next column '3).
ow we calculate the improvement ratio 'column 4) by dividing the current status o"
each WHAT with your goal 'column 4 ( column 5 $ column +).
The "ollowing to "ill is the column o" the marketing 6sales pitch7 'column 8). Here!
you will get a value between % and %.& i" the mentioned WHAT is a good sales pitch
'% ( bad! %.& ( good pitch). With this! we have included in our design not only the
customer pre"erences 'that are in column %) but also ours pre"erences as a
company.
The next task is to calculate the absolute weight in the next column! as the
multiplication between the importance 'column %)! the improvement ratio 'column 4)
and the sales pitch 'column 8). We can also take the relative weight in percentage
and absolute weight o" each WHAT divided by the sum o" the absolute weights.
0nce we know what are the most important aspects to improve! we can look the
weight o" each WHAT and we can implement only those who have more weight!
discarding others less important.
+. H0W 9ist
A"ter considering what has to have our product! the next step is to de"ine the
technical requirements to obtain it. /o we will create a H0W 9ist with the "eatures
that must have our product.
.or example! "or the digital camera:
"or a good battery ;< =attery capacity 'mAh) and amount o" shots per charge
'photos $ charge)
"or a hight quality lens ;< quality '% > %?)
"or "lash light ;< "lash light included '? ( no! % ( yes) and luminosity 'lux)
"or be able to record video ;< '? ( no! % ( yes)
"or a big internal memory ;< #nternal memory capacity '@=)
"or a large 9*A display ;< /creen /ize 'inches) and /creen Besolution 'dpi)
"or a easy to use so"tware ;< accessibility '% > %?)
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Page # of 5 Quality Function Deployment (QFD): What is QFD and how to use it - PDC !ome ("""
#$1%&$%&11 http:&&pdcahome"com&english&'1&(uality-function-deployment-(fd-what-is-(fd-and-ho"""
for a compact design -> volume (cm ^ 3)
for a pretty design -> design (1 10)
for a ergonomic shape -> ergonomics (1 10)
for taking photos quickly -> speed in taking photos (fps)
luetooth -> (0 ! no" 1 ! yes)
for e ale to synchroni#e $ith the computer -> compatiility $ith
%indo$s&'inu(&)ac (0 ! no" 1 ! yes)
for e resistant to shocks -> strength (1 10)
fo e ale to e(pand it $ith a memory card -> (0 ! no" 1 ! yes)
come $ith a cover -> cover included (0 ! no" 1 ! yes)
*ote that eside each feature is included its measuring scale+
,+ -elationship et$een the ./% points
0his is the famous triangle (or roof) that is aove the 123 shape" y $hich this
method is also called the .ouse of 1uality+
0his triangular matri( relates the ./% points et$een themselves+ 0he
relationships can e positive" negative or #ero (eg4 flash have much negative impact
on the attery)+ 0his part of the 123 is optional and it5s not usual to put it unless the
interactions are very strong"
6+ -elationship et$een %.70 and ./% points
0his matri( is in center of the 123 and serves to link the %.70 ant the ./%
aspects+ %ith this" $e $ill translate the astract aspects of the list of measurale
characteristics 9%.70: to the ./% list+
0o do this $e $ill classy from 1 to ; the relationship et$een each %.70 and each
./%+ 2or e(ample" 9to have a good attery: and 9attery capacity (m7h): have a ;
ecause they are closely linked" ut has a 1 $ith 9strength (1 10): ecause they
have no relationship+
*ote4 <t is crucial to verify that all ma=or %.70 are connected $ith one or more
./%" since other$ise $e $ould have issues not contemplated+
/nce completed this" the aspect of our 123 $ill e like this (click on the image to
enlarge it)4
>+ ./% analysis
<t only remains to fill in the last part of our 123" $hich calculates the technical
o=ectives $e need to finally otain the specifications required y our product4
.ere $e have first fi(ed the desired orientation of each ./% (more value ! etter or
more value ! $orst)+ 2or e(ample" in a digital camera" more internal memory is
etter" ut more $eight is $orse+
0he follo$ing is to calculate the asolute and relative $eight of each ./%+ 2or
each ./% is calculated4 asolute %eight ! ?um (@alue of each relationship
et$een %.70 and ./% A -elative %eight associated $ith the %.70)+ 2rom here
$e $ill get the order of importance of each of the technical aspects+
2inally" $e fill $hat are the technical aspects of our product and the technical
aspects of the other companies product" and $e $ill set $hat are the characteristics
that $ill e implemented in our product taking into account the relevance of each
feature $eight" and also" taking into account the situation of the other companies in
each of the characteristics+
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Page 3 of 5 Quality Function Deployment (QFD): What is QFD and how to use it - PDC !ome ("""
#$%&'$&'%% http:''pdcahome"com'english'(%')uality-function-deployment-)fd-what-is-)fd-and-ho"""
0he end result $ill e as follo$s4
3o$nload e(cel sample file here4 Download QFD example
Donclusion
%ith 123 analysis $e have achieved the ne(t goals4
- 0o prioriti#e $hat our customers $ant+
- 0o kno$ $hat are the essentials you should put in your product and $hat are the
superfluous aspects that you can remove $ithout losing sells+
- 0o have a vision aout your situation in the market" and to compare yourself $ith
other companies and products+
- 0o kno$ $hich technical features are the most important in the product" and $hich
are superfluous and can e eliminated+
- 0o set o=ectives for the technical features that should e in the future+
0ranslated y4 Iorge Iimeno Hernal
'ink to the original post (in spanish)4 http4&&$$$+pdcahome+com&1;3B&qfd-
despliegue-calidad&
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pdcahome says4
Iune 13" B013 at >4,0 am
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2)K7 (2ailure )ode
Kffects 7nalysis)4 .o$
to analy#e potential
failures in a design
Lano 7nalysis4 Jroduct
development thinking in
the customer
satisfaction
?K-@1M7' model"
quality analysis of
services
Dhecklists4 %hat is a
checklist and ho$ to
use itN
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