THE ANALYSIS OF TENDANGAN SAMPING TECHNIQUE (T) OF

PESILAT DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

(A Study of Spot !"o#$%&'("%)
By:
Awan Hariono
State University of Yogyakarta
A!STRACT
The goal of this research was to analyze tendangan samping (T pesilat !"Y #ased on
sport #iomechanic perspective$ The desain which %sed in this research was an
eksploratif descriptif #y %sing s%rvey method$ The s%#&ect in this research were all
pesilat !"Y who have #een achieved the national achievement and actively engage in
'elatda !"Y as many as ( persons$ !ata collection was done #y recording the tendangan
samping techni)%e$ *otion capt%red was done from three angles repectively: right side+
left side+ #ack side$ !ata was analyze %sing software analysis+ Dartfish Prosuite and
Kinovea respectively$ The res%lt of research shows that : (, -n the readiness phase+ the
angle of knee fle.tion the #ack leg of 'esilat !"Y is smaller than the angle of knee fle.tion
the front leg so it/s more efisien for readiness movement+ and (0 the implementation phase
of tendangan samping techni)%e (T of pesilat !"Y on impact phase+ are: target sight point+
head position are in line with front sho%lder+ and core position tends to the #ack side+ and
the angle which is formed #etween attack foot and foothold at impact #etween ,11
-
2 ,13
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4
and (5 the follow through phase of tendangan samping is %neficient$
K$y)od*+ analysis+ techni)%e+ tendangan samping (T+ pesilat !"Y
INTRODUCTION
"n general+ #asis principle of pencak silat Tanding category is to get score #y
doing attack and defence$ The score in pencak silat Tanding category is achive when
pesilat can do strike techni)%e+ kicks and may#e go inside o#&ect target and free from
opponent defense$ "n order to #e a#le do the attack and defense+ mastering of #ase
techni)%e of pencak silat is cr%cial$ 6otot (0117 referencing that #ase techni)%e in
pencak silat can #e differentiated in si. categories+ they are: (, k%da2k%da4 (0 readiness
position4 (5 step pattern4 (7 defense techni)%e (defense and avoid4 (8 attack techni)%e
(#eat+ angle+ and kicks4 and (9 #eat:fallen techni)%e$ ;rom si. categosires+ #eat
techni)%e+ kicks techni)%e+ fallen techni)%e can #e %sed to get score in match pencak
silat$ So+ mastering of tendangan techni)%e+ tendangan and &at%han is realy needed for
pesilat to get achievement optimally$
;%rtheremore+ for #eginner the three techni)%es may not #e ta%ght sim%ltaneo%sly+
#%t it is ta%ght se)%entially #ased on %sef%l pr%irities of each techni)%es$ Ag%ng
<%groho (0118 stated #asic techni)%es that can #e %sed to get score+ appro.imately
73= are predominantly %sed in pencak silat Tanding category is kicks techni)%e$
Based on o#servations+ tendangan samping (T is one techni)%e which is very
#eneficial when it/s %sed in pencak silat Tanding category$ Beside having a longer
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range+ tendangan samping (T techni)%e generates more power and a great effect on the
target after impact$ Th%s the %sing of the tendangan samping (T techni)%e in pencak
silat game has a high effectiveness to get score d%ring the match$ By seeing from the
tra&ectory motion+ tendangan samping (T techni)%e is relatively easy to do+ #%t
especially for the pesilat Tanding category$ Therefore+ the implementation of the
tendangan samping (T techni)%e does not re)%ire a wide range of motion se)%ence$ As
we look #ack+ history proves that the tendangan samping (T techni)%e contri#%te to the
pesilat !"Y for optimal achievement$ They are: Slamet >atanggang+ '%rwowasono+ and
Sri S%harsih dominant pesilat !"Y who %sed tendangan samping (T techni)%e d%ring
the match$ <ational and international level achievements that they have got proved that
tendangan samping (T techni)%es are highly effective when it is %sed in a match$
Based on the recent o#servations+ pesilat Tanding category %ses tendangan
samping (T techni)%e+ especially pesilat !"Y$ The reason of the diffic%lty level
implementation tendangan samping (T techni)%e #ecomes a new horizon that is
appeared #y pesilat Tanding category while practicing and playing$ So+ it/s the need a
research a#o%t motion Tendangan samping (T analysis so it can #e seen the efficiency
and effectiveness$ ?es%lts are e.pected to identify the performance of tendangan
samping (T techni)%e pesilat !"Y$ Th%s the diffic%lty level pesilat Tanding category of
!"Y when doing the motion tendangan samping (T techni)%e can #e determined and
therapy will #e addressed$
TENDANGAN SAMPING (T TECHNIQUE FOR PENCAK SILAT TANDING
CATEGORY
6icks techni)%e is an effort or process that is performed #y %sing #oth legs to
defend and attack as an attempt to get score as m%ch as possi#le$ 6ickss techni)%e is
often %sed as the main weapon for #oth attacking and defensing$ The #asic concept to
perform the kicks techni)%e in a match m%st #egin with ready phase then lift yo%r knees
as high as the target then lashed to the lower leg with a field goal followed #y hip and
leg rotation f%lcr%m+ so can get ma.im%m speed+ #eside that+ it/s need to #e see the
health2related aspects+ namely: avoid e.cessive stretching of the &oints+ especially the
knee as a pivot crack at the kicks$
6icks techni)%e is dominant techni)%e which %sed #y pesilat Tanding category
d%ring the to%rnament$ Score is o#tained when the pesilat %sed kicks techni)%e and it
can #e on the target/s field that have #een defined and significant effect on the field of
targets (lo%d noise or affect the opponent@s position changed$ The kicks techni)%es
which is %sed in pencak silat Tanding category+ incl%ding: tendangan depan (the front
kick+ tendangan sa#it (the moonkick+ tendangan samping ATB (in general called the
side kick+ and tendangan #elakang (the #ack kick$
TENDANGAN SAMPING (T)
Tendangan samping (T will #e %sed as the partic%lar term in this paper$ ;rom
many kinds of kicks techni)%es which is %sed in pencak silat+ tendangan samping (T
techni)%e is a techni)%e that has the efficiency and effectiveness of high motion$
*oreover+ Tendangan samping (T techni)%e can #e said to #e more effective than the
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front kicks techni)%e+ sickle+ or #ack+ #eca%se the track is done tend to #e straight and in
line with the line of the work force$ The degree of diffic%lty in implementation is the
tendangan samping (T techni)%e changes the location of the center of gravity &%st
#efore take2off of the foot is %sed to attack$
Based on the f%nction+ tendangan samping (T techni)%e can #e divided into two
general categories: tendangan samping (T to attack or tendangan samping (T to
s%rvive$ Tendangan samping (T attack is the kicks which %sed to provide a first attack
towards to the opponent+ while the s%rvive tendangan samping (T is a kicks that is %sed
to make a co%nter attack or to stop the opponent movement$ As seen from the position
of foothold+ tendangan samping (T techni)%e to attack can #e done in two ways+
namely: (a tendangan samping (T #y %sing the #ack foot and (# tendangan samping
(T #y %sing front foot$ "n this st%dy+ the techni)%e is more foc%sed on tendangan
samping (T to attack #y %sing front foot$ The se)%ences techni)%e of tendangan
samping (T to attack #y %sing the front foot+ it/s done thro%gh several steps: ready
potition phase+ implementation phase (take off to impact+ and follow thro%gh phase$
R$'d"($** P&'*$
?eady potition phase is #asic phase to perform techni)%e in pencak silat match$ "n
line with Ag%ng <%groho (0118+ readiness phase is a ready position to defend or attack
#y patterns and performed at the #eginning and end of motion$ Agreeing is also
descri#ed from Cohansyah (0117 where readiness phase can also #e interpreted as a
gest%re of tactics to face the opponent that has attack pattern$ There are vario%s
readiness phase pencak silat Tanding category$ 'B "'S" has #een standardizes readiness
phase in eight categories as follows: (, one readiness phase4 (0 two readiness phase4
(5 three readiness phase4 (7 fo%r readiness phase4 (8 five readiness phase4 (9 si.
readiness phase4 (3 seven readiness phase4 (( eight readiness phase$ ;rom those+ the
most appropriate readiness phase in doing Tendangan samping (T is the sifth readiness
phase and seventh readiness phase$ Therefore the p%rpose of this st%dy is to analyze the
motion of tendangan samping (T techni)%e to attack #y %sing the front legs+ so the
readiness phase which is going to %se is the si.th readiness phase$
;ig%re ,$ Si.th readiness phase (researcher doc%mentation+ 01,,
I#p,$#$(t't"o( P&'*$
"mplementation process phase of the movement in tendangan samping (T greatly
infl%ence the s%ccess of a kicks to get score d%ring the game$ As the conse)%ence+ this
phase sho%ld #e done as efficiently$ Dfficiency at the movement is infl%enced #y several
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factors+ incl%ding: (, the movement of the leg work+ (0 the tra&ectory of the kicks+ (5
core and head position+ (7 the position of the arm+ and (8 impact$ To avoid different
diffic%lties level in the implementation motion phase+ in this st%dy the pesilat are
advised to %se the #est foot when doing tendangan samping (T techni)%e$ The
se)%ences of Tendangan samping (T techni)%es on the implementation phase can #e
seen in fig%re 0$

;ig%re 0$ "mplementation phase motion (researcher doc%mentation+ 01,,
Fo,,o) T&ou-& P&'*$
;ollow thro%gh in this research descri#ed as location of the gravity center and the
placement foothold position after the impact$ The point f weight greatly affects the
pesilat #alance after kicks$ -#servation of the follow2thro%gh is needed to #e done
#eca%se it is cr%cial for the pesilat to make f%rther motion$ These conditions are d%e to
the infl%ence of the forces acting #oth inside and o%tside the #ody$ E%oted from "mam
Hidayat (,FFF+ an o#&ect or person is in %nsta#le e)%ili#ri%m+ if the o#&ect or person is
%nder the infl%ence of the o%tside (little effect e)%ili#ri%m will #e lost or fall$
;ig%re 5$ Follow Through phase (researcher doc%mentation+ 01,,
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a moment #efore take2off
Gross #ack step
Impact
!IOMECHANICS PRINCIPLES OF TENDANGAN SAMPING (T) TECHNIQUES
Sports Biomechanics is the st%dy of the internal and e.ternal force acting on the
h%man #ody and the effects ca%sed #y the force in sports or e.ercise activities ('%t%t
*arhaento+ ,FF($ -thers say that #iomechanics is limited to the application of the
mechanics of living #eings+ partic%larly h%mans$ *echanics is the #ranch of physics
dealing with force and movement which generated #y the force (Soedarminto+ ,FF0$
The core principles of #iomechanics that can affect the performance of the techni)%e in
the tendangan samping (T of pencak silat:
1. Acceleration
Application of acceleration when doing tendangan samping (T is determined #y:
(, #egining acceleration shortly after take2off+ (0 the %sing of force to kicks+ (5
time when the power is prod%ced+ and (7 the length of the leg$ Acceleration is the
change of velocity per one %nit of time ('%t%t *arhaento+ ,FF($ Acceleration on
tendangan samping (T techni)%e occ%rs when the foothoold #egan to take off %ntil
shortly #efore impact$ Acceleration is done to get additional force so it can increase
the amo%nt of moment%m d%ring an impact with a target$ Acceleration law is often
called as <ewton@s second law+ which reads: HThe acceleration which is accepted #y
an o#&ect is inversely proportional to the strength of the ca%seH$ <ewton@s second
laws is stated in the following e)%ation:
' . F / # 't'u F . # 0 '
2. Genter of Irafity and Balance
"mplementation of tendangan samping (T techni)%e motion is a comple.
series of movements performed sim%ltaneo%sly$ Th%s the techni)%e of motion
tendangan samping (T is a type of open skills (open skill$ This means that the
s%ccess in doing tendangan samping (T techni)%e is strongly infl%enced #y
environmental factors+ s%ch as the mattress+ the target+ and the force of gravity$ Jhen
doing the Tendangan samping (T+ center of gravity location of the #ody will change
in every step of its implementation in accordance with the attit%de and will affect the
motion$ The lower center of gravity location of the #ody+ the more #alanced and
sta#le #%t it will re)%ire a greater force to start the movement$ Tendangan samping
(T in this st%dy is a kicks techni)%e %sed to attack that re)%ires high speed in order
to avoid a diffic%lt opponent$ Besides the implementation of tendangan samping (T
motion techni)%e re)%ires a series of movements that m%st #e done sim%ltaneo%sly+
it/s from stepping %p to make foot motion on the target$ Step movement on the
implementation tendangan samping (T techni)%e will determine the o%tcome of the
kicks techni)%e$ The faster the step is taken will #e easier pesilat to kicks$ So the
emphasize of the foothold to #e one of the keys to s%ccess in the implementation of a
kicks+ Tendangan samping (T techni)%e especially for the attack$
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-ne of the important skills in the sport is the a#ility to maintain #alance in
vario%s positions as it will determine the final o%tcome of all movements are
performed ('%t%t *arhaento+ ,FF($ -n the tendangan samping (T techni)%e+
pedestal implementation techni)%es only %ses one leg so that the condition of the
#ody %nsta#le and easy to fall$ "t means that the #alance that is re)%ired when doing
tendangan samping (T techni)%e is %nsta#le #alance$ As the res%lt+ the amo%nt of
knee fle.ion at the implementation phase will give effect to the pesilat e)%ili#ri%m
level in the implementation motion phase$
5$ >ever
>evers are %sed to gain mechanical advantage+ where small force applied will
#e modified to tackle and lift #ig load$ The longer arm swing can prod%ce the faster
acceleration ('%t%t *arhaento+ ,FF($ Application of the lever on the tendangan
samping (T techni)%e when pesilat take off and impact on the target (or t%g$ The
posistion of foothold and foot swing as a lever effects on the res%lts of tendangan
samping (T is done #y a pesilat$
7$ ;orce
;orce is a )%antity that has a direction+ then it #elongs to the vector
magnit%de ('%t%t *arhaento+ ,FF($ <ewton@s first law states that H"f the res%ltant
force acts on the o#&ect is zero then the o#&ect will not move or move straight
stationaryH$ -n the implementation tendangan samping (T techni)%e+ a pesilat with
more height and #ig #ody will give greater force to the target at the time of impact$
Jith great post%re the force prod%ced #y the #ody that will #e even greater$ Beside
that the magnit%de of the force is also infl%enced #y the speed %sed$ The higher the
speed+ the greater force applied at the movement$
8$ *oment%m
*oment%m is the res%lt of mass times to speed$ The magnit%de of the
moment%m will affect two o#&ects collide each other ('%t%t *arhaento+ ,FF($ -n
the tendangan samping (T techni)%e+ force is done in one direction with motion so
that the #ody mass and velocity when performing the techni)%e will determine the
magnit%de of moment%m on the tendangan samping (T implementation$
METHODS
The research design which is %sed in this st%dy was a descriptive e.ploratory #y
%sing s%rvey method$ S%#&ects in this st%dy were ( 'esilat Tanding category who has
#een achieved the national achievement and still active in the 'elatda !"Y$ The
instr%ment in this st%dy is doing tendangan samping (T techni)%e #y %sing #est foot$
The phase of motion tendangan samping (T techni)%e is o#served in this st%dy+
namely: (, the first phase+ when they do readiness phase+ and (0 the second phase+
when they do the movement (a moment #efore take2 off and impact$
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Gollecting data in this st%dy was done #y recording the movement tendangan
samping (T techni)%e performed #y all pesilat Tanding category from !"Y$ Gapt%ring
is taken from three directions+ from right side+ left side+ and #ack$ ;%rthermore+ the data
were analyzed #y %sing !artfish 'ros%ite software analysis system$ To enhance it+
6inovea software was %sed$
RESULTS
Analysis of the research was done )%antitatively and )%alitatively$ E%antitative
data is e.pected to #e %sed to refine the analysis of the )%alitative tendangan samping
(T every stage of movement performed #y the s%#&ect of research$ Therefore+ in order
to analysis of motion techni)%es can #e performed in detail so the image can #e taken
from the left side+ right side+ and #ack side$ To anticipate the #ias on the res%lts of
analysis+ it was given control of the factors that can infl%ence the res%lts of the st%dy+
incl%ding: height+ weight+ and leg length$ The res%lts of the data collection of the factors
that can infl%ence research res%lts can #e seen in Ta#le , #elow:
Ta#le ,$ The res%lt of Anthropometry *eas%rement
S%#&ek Se.
Height
(cm
Jeight
(kg
>eg length (cm
Up >ow Total
, *ale ,83 81 77 59 (1
0 *ale ,(5 (7 89 77 ,11
5 *ale ,3, 89 81 7, F,
7 *ale ,99 9, 77 71 (7
8 ;emale ,30 93 89 77 ,11
9 ;emale ,97 83 81 70 F0
3 ;emale ,98 95 88 71 F8
( ;emale ,98 89 88 70 F3
R$'d"($** P&'*$ o( T$(d'(-'( S'#p"(- (T) T$%&("1u$
The ideal readiness phase to make tendangan samping (T techni)%e is to ad&%st
the head position of the eye to the samsak+ the position of front arm is parallel with front
legs and slightly #ent+ the position left arm is in front of a chest+ core position is
maintained %pright position+ the angle fle.ion of front knee is #igger than the angle
fle.ion of #ack knee+ angle fle.ion of front arm is #igger than angle fle.ion of #ack
arm+ distance #etween foothold is ad&%sted with the target distance+ the placement front
and #ack foothold are in a straight line$ E%antitative data of readiness phase data #ased
o%t2p%t res%lt from 'ros%ite !artfish analyzer can #e seen in Ta#le 0 #elow:
Ta#le 0$ ?es%lts of Angle 6nee ;le.ion *eas%rement+ Dl#ow ;le.ion Angle and
!istance #etween foothold on the ?eadiness phase$
S%#&ect Se.
Angle 6nee ;le.ion (
o
Angle Dl#ow ;le.ion (
o
!istance #etween
;oothold (m ;ront Back ;ront Back
, *ale ,90K ,8(K ,,0+3K 35+(K 1+70
0 *ale ,75K ,75K ,0F+,K (0+7K 1+81
5 *ale ,83K ,57K ,50+3K 9(K 1+88
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7 *ale ,89K ,00K ,,,+,K 85+5K 1+89
8 ;emale ,8(K ,50K ,0F+8K 93+0K 1+89
9 ;emale ,9,K ,5FK ,70K 99+7K 1+51
3 ;emale ,98K ,73K ,55+0K 59+(K 1+7F
( ;emale ,93K ,5,K ,79+FK (1+,K 1+7,
"n Ta#le 5 can #e seen that the meas%rements res%lt of the amo%nt of angle knee
fle.ion and angle fle.ion of the el#ow is in conformity with the #asic principles of
motion tendangan samping (T techni)%e+ e.cept in s%#&ect 0$ This indicates that the
s%#&ect has #een appropriated )%antitatively in doing readiness phase$ The res%lts of a
)%alitative o#servation of the movement tendangan samping (T techni)%e can #e
descri#ed as follows:
1. ?eadiness 'hase from >eft Side
"n this st%dy all the fighters %se the right leg to do tendangan samping (T$
Based on the res%lts of image retrieval techni)%es from the tendangan samping (T
toward the left side+ can #e e.plained as follows: (, All s%#&ects o%tlook were on
target at readiness phase4 (0 The position of the right arm was in front+ palm hand
as high as waist+ and el#ows slightly #ent with the hands parallel to the front legs
(e.cept in s%#&ect 0 and s%#&ect (4 (5 The position of the left arm was in front of
the chest with el#ow fle.ion %nder F1K4 and (7 >ocation of the center of gravity
tends #etween the two fields+ e.cept in s%#&ect 0$
2. ?eadiness 'hase from ?ight Side
?es%lts of capt%ring tendangan samping (T techni)%e from the right side+ can
#e e.plained as follows: (, All S%#&ect eyes were on target when doing the
tendangan samping (T4 (0 Gore slightly #ent on the target e.cept on s%#&ect 3 and
(4 (5 All feet flat on the mattress+ e.cept on s%#&ect (4 and ( 7 !istance of foothold
in front fo mat with foothold in the #ack mat were different #etween one o#&ect to
another (#etween 51 cm 2 89 cm$
3. ?eadiness 'hase from Back Side
The res%lts capt%ring of the #ack tendangan samping (T techni)%e+ can #e
e.plained as follows: (, All s%#&ects were slightly h%nched the core on this phase4
(0 'osition #oth s%#&ect feethold were in a straight line towards the target+ e.cept
in s%#&ect 04 and (5 The amo%nt of angle knee fle.ion of the #ack leg were
different #etween one s%#&ect to another s%#&ect (#etween ,5,K 2 ,8(K$
-verall head position+ arm position+ core positions+ and placement of foothold
which is showed are not good eno%gh$ "t means that the s%#&ect in doing readiness phase
is not oriented on the efficiency of motion #%t #y c%stom made$ "f it seen from the angle
of knee fle.ion+ indicating that the location of the center of gravity of the #ody is
charged on the #ack feet so it is the advantage for the s%#&ect when step in the direction
of target motion$ However+ when it is seen from togok position that tends to #end
res%lted testy motion is hampered #eca%se the location of the center of gravity will shift
toward the middle and the s%#&ect tends to res%lt in a sta#le position$ Th%s the level
#alance of the s%#&ect #ecomes higher and re)%ires a greater force to #egining
movement$ "n addition+ the angle knee fle.ion on the whole s%#&ect is shown effective
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and efficient manner so as to affect the motion of steps$ This is shown #y comparison of
the magnit%de of the angle #etween the knee fle.ion forelim# and hind lim# knee is
relatively small$
I#p,$#$(t't"o( of T$(d'(-'( S'#p"(- (T) T$%&("1u$
"mplementation phase incl%des a moment #efore take2off+ step+ and impact$
Acc%racy in carrying o%t a series of movements that will determine the o%tcome of the
tendangan samping (T is performed #y the pesilat$ The ideal movement on the
implementation phase tendangan samping (T techni)%e are: (, head position ad&%stes
to the view on samsak4 (0 the movement of the arm that is in front shifted toward the
#ack of the #ody and the left arm tends to #e drawn towards the top tho%gh remain at
the front of the chest4 (5 a change in the location of the center of gravity of the #ack
foot to the front foot immediately #efore cross step #ehind4 (7 legs which are %sed to
strike lifted sim%ltaneo%sly with the landing of the hind lim#s4 (8 waist2high raised
knee #efore lower leg toward the target4 (9 the impact on the entire sole of the foot4 (3
two arms tend on the #ack #ody d%ring an impact4 and (( foothold %ses #ack foot on
readiness phase$ The data capt%ring on at each implementation phases are as follows$
1. A moment to Take -ff
Shots on stage &%st #efore take2off showed that the position of the hind legs of
all s%#&ects &%st #efore take2 off rests on tip toes while the front knee fle.ion slightly
lowered+ e.cept on the s%#&ect ($ This shows that the displacement of the center of
gravity lies from #ack leg to the front leg$ Ghange the location of the center of
gravity toward the forefoot is e.pected to provide additional force when the s%#&ect
stepped motion$ The position #ack foot rests on the tip of the finger serves to
provide additional press%re on the mat+ th%s simplifying the movement of the hind
legs d%ring take2off$
2. Step
The capt%ring res%lt on the stage steps are as follows: (, S%#&ect , showed
that: when step the #ack foot+ front hand slightly p%lled toward the #ack #ody+ front
legs lifted towards the right side along with the #ack foot landing and then snapped
on target4 (0 S%#&ect 0 showed that: front hand drawn to near of the #ody while the
#ack hand f%rther away from the #ody at #ack foot+ front foot raised toward the
right side along with the landing legs and then snapped #ack on target4 (5 S%#&ect 5
showed that: the front arm slightly p%lled toward the #ack of the #ody while the
#ack arms raised to near the chest on the #ack foot+ front foot raised toward the
right side after landing #ack foot and then snapped toward the new target areas4 (7
S%#&ect 7 showed that: the front slightly p%lled toward the #ack #ody while the
#ack arms raised to near the head d%ring the #ack foot+ front foot raised toward the
right side after landing #ack foot and then snapped toward the new target areas4 (8
S%#&ect 8 showed that: front hand drawn to near #ody while the #ack hand raised to
chest level when the #ack foot+ front foot raised toward the right side (slightly
forward along with landing legs and then snapped #ack leads on target4 (9 front
hand tends )%it while #ack hand is p%lled #ack slightly towards the #ack #ody at
#ack foot+ front foot lifted sideways after landing and s%#se)%ent #ack leg snapped
on target4 (3 front hand p%lled %p closer to the #ody while the #ack hand is also
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drawn to the front to attach to the #ody at #ack foot+ front foot raised toward the
right side after the hind legs and then snapped landing on target4 and (( S%#&ect (
showed that: the front hand is p%lled %p near the chest while the hand is p%lled #ack
%ntil the f%rther away from the #ody at #ack foot+ front foot raised toward the right
side after landing #ack foot and then snapped on target$
3. "mpact
Impact is the stage where foot strike or to%ch the foot to kicks the field goal$
The s%ccess of the tendangan samping (T techni)%e is determined at this phase$ -n
phase impact there are some that affects tendangan samping (T+ they are the eyes+
the position of the head+ the core position+ and hit on target$ The shots from the
event of impact can #e seen in Ta#le 5 #elow$
Ta#le 5$ S%mmary of G%rrent Analysis "mpact on "mplementation 'hase
S%#&ect Impact
;oothold
position
Dyes view Head 'osition
;othold angle
to the target
, Sole of foot Step on To the
target
#ow ,13
1
0 Tip sole of foot Step on To the
target
%pright ,17
1
5 Sole of foot Step on To the
target
%pright ,11
1
7 Sole of foot Step on To the
target
#ow ,17
1
8 Tip sole of foot Step on To the
target
%pright ,18
1
9 Tip sole of foot Step on To the
target
%pright ,11
1
3 Tip sole of foot Step on To the
target
%pright ,,1
1
( Tip sole of foot Step on To the
target
%pright ,11
1
Fo,,o) T&ou-& P&'*$
;ollow thro%gh is the contin%ed motion after the impact$ The contin%ed motion
very affects the res%lts of the impact and s%staina#ility of the ne.t motion$ The mistake
on follow thro%gh can lead impact is not ma.im%m and diffic%lties in making the ne.t
move$ The capt%ring res%lts of follow thro%gh can #e seen in Ta#le 7 #elow$
Ta#le 7$ S%mmary of Analysis ?es%lts on 'hase ;ollow Thro%gh
S%#&ect
;oot 'osition
Arm position toward
the #ody Dyes view
Attack foot ;oothold ?ight >eft
, "n front of foot hold Gonstant ;ront side Gross in fron
Toward the
target
0 "n front of foothold Sift to the #ack ;ront side Gross in fron Toward the
10
10
target
5 Gross with the foothold Gonstant Gross in fron Gross in fron
Toward the
target
7 Gross with the foothold Sift to the #ack Gross in fron Back side
Toward the
target
8 "n front of foothold Gonstant ;ront side Back side
Toward the
target
9 Gross with the foothold Gonstant Gross in fron Gross in fron
Toward the
target
3 "n line with foothold Sift to the #ack ;ront side Back side
Toward the
target
( "n line with foothold Gonstant ;ront side Back side
-%tside the
target
DISCUSSION
"n general+ the disc%ssion of data taking a#o%t tendangan samping (T techni)%e
are:
1. R$'d"($** P&'*$ o( T$(d'(-'( S'#p"(- (T) T$%&("1u$
?eadiness phase in pencak silat is a #asic techni)%e that m%st #e mastered #y
every pesilat$ "n the pencak silat Tanding category+ readiness phase is the initial
motion which done #y pesilat #efore making an attack or a defense in a series of
sim%ltaneo%s motion$ So+ the readiness phase greatly determines the s%ccess of the
techni)%e to #e performed #y the pesilat$ Therefore+ the %sing of readiness phase
associated with the techni)%e of motion plans that will #e done #y the pesilat$
?eadines phase in pencak silat is done in accordance with the techni)%es to
#e %sed$ To do a tendangan samping (T techni)%e is ideally %sing readiness phase
si.th+ it/s the readiness phase which done foothold in front is in a straight line with
the #ack foothold with the position of the #ody sideways to the foothold$ To gain
speed+ point weight sho%ld #e on the #ack foothold$ So the #ack leg knee m%st #e
#ent slightly #%t not too low+ the knee which #ent too low will make sta#le
readiness phase so it will make the #alance of #ody$ As the res%lt+ early movement
of the tendangan samping (T tends to #e slower$ "n readiness phase+ there are many
kinds that affected: (, eyes view on the target+ (0 position of the arm+ (5
maintained core %pright position (7 the angle of front knee fle.ion+ (8 angle knee
fle.ion #ehind the knee+ (9 the distance #etween foothold+ and (3 the placement of
foothold$
Based on the capt%ring res%lts and the analysis #y %sing dartfish prosuite and
kinovea+ it shows that when doing tendangan samping (T+ all of the s%#&ect@s eyes
are on target$ Back arm position+ almost all s%#&ects/ arm are positioned in front of
the chest with el#ow fle.ion %nder F1
1
+ which is #etween 59$(
1
to (0$7
1
(e.cept in
testy ($ "n testy (+ #ack el#ow fle.ion tends to #e smaller than the other s%#&ects$
Jhereas the forearms is positioned at waist level and slightly #ent with feet parallel
to the front position+ e.cept in s%#&ect 0 and s%#&ect ($
The analysis res%lts of the angle front knee fle.ion shows that: (, the
smallest angle front knee fle.ion is ,75K displayed #y s%#&ects 0 and the greatest
angle ,93K displayed #y the s%#&ect ($ *eanwhile the angle fle.ion s%#&ect ,+
11
11
s%#&ect 5+ s%#&ect 7+ s%#&ect 8+ s%#&ect 9+ and s%#&ect 3 are as follows ,90K+ ,83K+
,89K+ ,8(K+ ,9,K+ and ,98K$ The smallest angle of fle.ion is d%e to s%#&ect 0 which
has a tendency foc%s on front foot d%ring the readines phase$ As a res%lt+ s%#&ect 0
re)%ires a larger force to step on the #ack #efore the take2off and re)%ires wide step
to make kicks implementation easier$
The analysis res%lts of the angle #ack knee fle.ion shows that: (, the
smallest angle #ack knee fle.ion is ,00K displayed #y s%#&ects 7 and the greatest
angle is ,8(K shown #y the s%#&ect ,$ The angle fle.ion of s%#&ect 0+ s%#&ect 5+
s%#&ect 8+ s%#&ect 9+ s%#&ect 3+ and s%#&ect ( are as follows ,75K+ ,57K+ ,50K+ ,5FK+
,73K+ and ,5,K$ The amo%nt of angle #ack knee fle.ion largely determines the
performance of the implementation of tendangan samping (T techni)%e$ The
smaller of angle #ack knee fle.ion gives #enefit to the pesilat to do the first step$
Beca%se of the large of center gravity location tends in %nsta#le on the readiness
phase$ Th%s the s%#&ect does not re)%ire a larger force to step #ack #efore the take2
off$
2. Impact p&'*$ o( S"d$ K"%2* (T) t$%&("1u$
Impact is the phase where strike foot or kicks foot to%ches target field$ The
s%ccess of tendangan samping (T techni)%e is determined at this phase$ "n the
impact phase ideally the position view toward the target+ core position sideways
and maintained in an %pright position and the #alance is in a sta#le condition so it is
not easy to fall$ 'ower which is prod%ced at impact phase derived from the
movement of each #ody segment$
The movement of segment #ody segments is started from the foothold
rotation o%twards and then followed #y ro%nd hip and %pper lim#s and lower lim#s
flicked towards the target$ Ghange of foothold can #e seen in the pict%re of final
impact$ -n impact phase+ there many infl%ence the side kic+ they are head position+
arm position3 core+ hips rotation and track direction$ "t can #e clearer #y pict%re 7
#elow:
12
12
;ig%re 7$ "mpact phase on Tendangan Samping (T techni)%e
;rom the eight s%#&ects are seemed that all eyes have #een on target$
However+ when viewed from the head position+ it appears that s%#&ects 9 and (
s%#&ects tend to different from the other s%#&ects$ Beside it is infl%enced the
magnit%de force of stomping #efore the impact+ head position of the s%#&ect is
greatly infl%enced #y the high impact to the target$ The higher impact was done to
the target field will lead head position of head tend to the #ack can/t #e maintained
in an %pright position$ This is in accordance with <ewton@s third law+ which reads
"When two objects interact, the force of one object to another object are as big as
and opposite direction"$ "t means that the greater the force on stomping will lead a
reaction from the %pper #ody to fight the direction force from the actions of the
foot$
By seeing the performance of eight s%#&ects+ it appears that hand position
#etween one s%#&ect to another is relatively different alto%gh they havework
principle mostly alike e.cept on the s%#&ect 9$ -n tendangan samping (T techni)%e
motion+ arm movement will determine the level of impact on the target as well as
infl%enced the magnit%de style %sed to kicks$ Arm position of s%#&ect 9 shows that
the force which %sed to perform is relatively small so kicks effect at impact can/t
ma.imal$ Beside that+ front arm position of the s%#&ect 9 will tend to inhi#it
footstrike movement to the top so that the impact on the target isn/t high #eca%se of
the contradictory movement #etween arm and strikefoot$
Gore in eight position on impact phase is almost the same+ e.cept for s%#&ect
3 that tend to #end to the front$ The to%ching #etween foot and field target on
impact for s%#&ect 3 %ses the tip of yo%r toes$ This make the e)%ili#ri%m level of
s%#&ect 3 #ecomes %nsta#le$ As a res%lt+ s%#&ect 3 sho%ld #e slightly #ent the core to
make location alteration of the center of gravity inwards$ Th%s the level e)%ili#ri%m
s%#&ect 3 can #e maintained on impact$ However+ there are several factors that may
affect core position in s%#&ect 3 at impact+ they are: the strength of #ack m%scles in
s%#&ect 3 is not good eno%gh+ the strength of leg m%scle in s%#&ect 3 is not good
eno%gh+ and starting movement in s%#&ect 3 is not right$
"n the pencak silat Tanding category+ foothold position is very infl%ential
when doing tendangan samping (T techni)%e therefore the f%nction as pivot for
every movement of the segment #ody$ ;oothold position all s%#&ects tend to the
#ack+ it means opposite with the force direction done$ This is done in order to level
#alance of the s%#&ect can #e maintained at impact$
13
13
3. Follow Through P&'*$
;rom the recording data on follow thro%gh phase shows vario%s differences
from each s%#&ect research$ ;ollow thro%gh phase greatly determines the ne.t
motion$ This research disc%sses a#o%t the tendangan samping (T which is %done to
attack$ ;or that+ pesilat sho%ld #e a#le to perform efficient movement so it will not
make ne.t movement more diffic%lt to do$ B%t in fact+ almost all s%#&ects have not
shown good motion efficiency on follow thro%gh phase (e.cept in s%#&ect 0$
Dvery movement techni)%e is a se)%ence that m%st #e done sim%ltaneo%sly
from the starting %p to follow thro%gh$ Therefore+ eror motion which is done on one
phase will res%lt the errors motion at ne.t phase$ ;or that+ #ased on the analysis
res%lts at follow thro%gh phase can #e concl%ded that the tendangan samping (T
techni)%e which done #y a pesilat !"Y is still not efficient eno%gh in a match$
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on implementation phase from the #eginning till the data analysis+ the
concl%sions of this st%dy can #e presented as follows: (, performance of tendangan
samping (T techni)%e of pesilat !"Y on readiness phase shows that the angle knee
fle.ion #ack leg tends to #e smaller than the angle knee fle.ion knee front leg so it is
more efficient to make readiness step motion4 and (0 performance tendangan samping
(T techni)%e pesilat !"Y impact phase+ are: eyes foc%sed on the target+ the head
position is in line with front sho%lders+ and togok position tends to the #ack+ and the
angle is formed #etween strike2leg and foothold at impact #etween ,11K2,13K4 and (5
performance tendangan samping (T at follow thro%gh is not efficient yet$
S%ggestions that can #e conveyed are: (, "t is necessary to socialize the %sing tool
that can #e %sed for motion analysis as dartfish pros%ite+ kinovea and others4 (0 ;or
f%rther research+ #etter to %se camera that can record the movements which done
)%ickly4 (5 *ore sample is needed to make the res%lt more clearly4 and (7 "t/s need to
do analysis of all motion techni)%es which %sed in pencak silat Tanding category$
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