ENGR.

BON RYAN ANIBAN

 p1 = γh
ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE
p2 = γ(h + x)
‘’ Any body immersed in a fluid is acted
upon by an upward fore (buoyant force)
equal to the weight of displaced fluid’’ F1 = γhA
F2 = γ(h + x)A

Free surface
Net upward force, Bouyant force

Fb = F2 – F1
F1 = γ(h + x)A - γhA
h
Wobject = γA(h + x - h)
A p1 = γAx

x
But, Ax = volume of displaced

p2 Bouyant Force

Fnet Fb = γliquidVd

F2 By Equilibrium
Fb = Wobject
 𝑆𝐴𝑀𝑃𝐿𝐸 𝑃𝑅𝑂𝐵𝐿𝐸𝑀 1
An iceberg (sg = 0.92) is floating on saltwater (sg = 1.03) if the volume of the ice above the water surface is 1000 m 3. What is
the total volume of ice?

Solution
Let, V = total volume of ice
Wice
V = Ve + Vd
V = 1000 + Vd
Free surface
Ve = 1000 m3
ΣFy = 0;
BF = W Vd sgice = 0.92
γliquidVd = γiceV
(9.81 kN/m3)(1.03) (Vd) = (9.81 kN/m3)(0.92)(1000 + Vd)
Vd = 8363.636 m3

Total Volume,
V = 1000 + 8363.636 BF
V = 9363.636 m3
sgseawater = 1.03
 𝑆𝐴𝑀𝑃𝐿𝐸 𝑃𝑅𝑂𝐵𝐿𝐸𝑀 2
A cube of timber 1.25 ft on each side floats in water. The specific gravity of timber is 0.60. Find the submerged depth of the
cube.

Solution

ΣFy = 0; W
BF = W
1.25 ft
γliquidVd = γtimberVtimber
Free surface
(62.4 lb/ft3)(1.25 ft ×1.25 ft ×d) = (62.4 lb/ft3)(0.60)(1.25 ft)3
1.25 ft
d = 0.75 ft d

BF
 𝑆𝐴𝑀𝑃𝐿𝐸 𝑃𝑅𝑂𝐵𝐿𝐸𝑀 3
A block of wood 0.2 m thick is floating in sea water. The specific gravity of wood is 0.65 while that of sea water is 1.03 . Find
the minimum area of the block which will support a man weighing 80 kg.

Solution

ΣFy = 0;
BF = Wman + Wwood Wman
γwaterVd = Wman + γwoodVwood
Free surface
(9810)(1.03)(0.2)(A) = 80(9.81)+ 9810(0.65) (0.2)(A) Wwood

0.2 m
A = 1.053 m2

BF
 𝑆𝐴𝑀𝑃𝐿𝐸 𝑃𝑅𝑂𝐵𝐿𝐸𝑀 4
A uniform block of steel (s=7.85) will float at mercury-water interface as shown in the figure. What is the ratio of the distances
“a” and “b” for this condition?

Solution
Let A be the horizontal cross sectional–area of the block
Wblock
ΣFy = 0;
BFmercury + BFwater = Wblock
Free surface
γmercuryVdm + γwaterVdw = γblockVblock
(9.81)(13.6)(b)(A) + 9.81 (a)(A) = 9.81 (7.85) (a+b)(A)
13.6b + a = 7.85a +7.85b a
BFwater
5.75b = 6.85a

a/b = 0.839 b

BFmercury
 𝑆𝐴𝑀𝑃𝐿𝐸 𝑃𝑅𝑂𝐵𝐿𝐸𝑀 5
A piece of lead (sp. Gr. 11.3) is tied to a 130 cc of cork whose specific gravity is 0.25. They float just submerged in water. What
is the weight of the lead?

Solution
ΣFy = 0; Free surface

BFC + BFL = WC + WL
WC
γwVdC + γwVdL = γCVC + γLVL
(9.81)(0.00013) + 9.81 (VdL) = 9.81 (0.25)(0.00013) + 9.81 (11.3) (VL) BFC
VL= 9.466 x 10−6 m3
W= 9810(11.3)(9.466 x 10−6 )

W= 1.049 N WL

BFL