Gas Stoichiometry With No Conditions Name: _____________________________ Page 1

Notes for this unit:

To work the problems:
1. Read the problem.
2. If the problem has 2 or more chemicals then write a balanced equation.
3. Write the i!en abo!e the balanced equation.
". Write # to the i!en
$. %toichiometr& 'If &ou are i!en or for a !olume at conditions o to ()*.+
a.+ ,hane the i!en to moles.
b.+ -ole to mole ratio 'use the balanced equation.+
c.+ ,hane moles to the unit &ou are .
(. a !olume at conditions.
a.+ ,hane the i!en to moles.
b.+ -ole to mole ratio 'use the balanced equation.+
c.+ ,hane moles to the unit b& usin ./ # nRT sol!e for 0/1. '/ # nRT).+
2 34 cond #
5i!en 1 mole i!en 6 mole R T
# ans 34 cond.
5mm i!en 6 mole i!en .
*. 5i!en a !olume at conditions.
a.+ ,hane the i!en to moles b& usin ./ # nRT sol!e for 0n1. './)RT # n+
b.+ -ole to mole ratio 'use the balanced equation.+
c.+ ,hane moles to the unit
2 #
5i!en 3 '/+ . 6 mole 5mm
# ans .
T R 6 mole i!en
1 mole
The stands
for what &ou are
03ookin for1.
Gas Stoichiometry With No Conditions Name: _____________________________ Page 2
7omework: 8ll practice problems ,hapter 11 section 3 p 3"9:3";< pae 3$9 629< 2;< and .ae ;3;
3=$:3=(.
1. If sodium is dropped into water !"#$ % of hydrogen is produced how many grams of sodium hydro&ide is
produced'
2. Phosphorus (P)* +urns in o&ygen gas to produce tetraphosphorus deco&ide# If phosphorus is ignited in a
f,as- containing ."/ m% of o&ygen at STP how many grams of P)01/ are formed'
3. 1agnesium +urns in o&ygen to produce magnesium o&ide# If magnesium is ignited in a f,as- containing
/#"// ,iter of o&ygen at STP how many grams of magnesium o&ide are produced'
4. Turpentine (C1/21$* +urns in ch,orine to produce car+on and hydrogen ch,oride according to the e3uation:
C1/21$ (,* 4 Ch,orine (g* Car+on (s* 4 hydrogen ch,oride (g* 2ow many ,iters of hydrogen ch,oride at STP
are produced from 1"/#/ g of C1/21$'
5. a# 2ow many grams of sucrose (C12222011* are produced from 22) ,iters of car+on dio&ide at STP'
Water is a,so a reactant# Sucrose is sugar# 0&ygen is a product#
Gas Stoichiometry With No Conditions Name: _____________________________ Page !
+# 2ow many ,iters of car+on dio&ide at STP are needed to produce "#// pounds of sugar' (1 -g 5 2#2/
,+s#*
c# What mass of water wou,d +e needed to com+ine with 1/#/ ,iters of car+on dio&ide at STP'
6. 0ne of the steps in the production of iron uti,i6es the fo,,owing chemica, reaction:
Car+on 1ono&ide 4 Iron (III* 0&ide Iron 4 Car+on 7io&ide
a# What mass of Iron (III* 0&ide wou,d react with "//#/ ,iters of car+on mono&ide at STP'
+# What 8o,ume of car+on dio&ide at STP is produced from 1/// grams of Iron (III* o&ide'
c# What mass of iron is produced when !// m% of car+on dio&ide is produced at STP'
7. Gi8en the +a,anced e3uation 9utane (C2)* (g* 4 0&ygen (g* :::; Car+on 7io&ide (g* 4 water(g*
a# 2ow many mo,es of car+on dio&ide are formed when )/#" mo,es of o&ygen is consumed'
Gas Stoichiometry With No Conditions Name: _____________________________ Page )
+# 2ow many mo,es of methane (C2)* are needed to form 2/#/ mo,es of water'
c# 2ow many mo,es of o&ygen com+ine with /#/"// mo,e of methane (C2)*'
8. a# 2ow many ,iters of o&ygen com+ine with "#// mo,es of nitrogen mono&ide'
+# 2ow many mo,es of nitrogen dio&ide are formed from /#2" ,iters of nitrogen mono&ide and sufficient
o&ygen'
c# 2ow many ,iters of o&ygen are needed to react with </#" grams of nitrogen mono&ide'
9. a# When magnesium reacts with hydrogen ch,oride gas how many grams of magnesium are needed to
produce 1"$ % of hydrogen'
+# 2ow many ,iters of hydrogen ch,oride is needed to produce 2)" g of hydrogen'
c# If "// g of magnesium ch,oride are produced in the a+o8e reaction how many ,iters of hydrogen
wou,d +e produced'
Gas Stoichiometry With No Conditions Name: _____________________________ Page "
10.P) 4 o&ygen P)01/
a# 2ow many ,iters of o&ygen are com+usted when you +urn "/#/ grams of phosphorus'
+# 2ow many grams of phosphorus (=* o&ide are produced in the >a? part of this pro+,em'
11.Consider the reaction: @,uminum 4 0&ygen @,uminum 0&ide
a# If <#// ,iters of o&ygen react how many grams of a,uminum o&ide are produced'
12.9utane +urns according to the e3uation: 9utane (C2) (g** 4 0&ygen (g* :::; Car+on 7io&ide (g* 4 water(g*
a# 2ow many ,iters of o&ygen are needed to produce 2#). grams of car+on dio&ide'
+# how many grams of +utane are needed to produce "/#/ m% of car+on dio&ide#
13.When a,uminum ch,orate decomposes
a# If you +egin with !#<2/ grams of a,uminum ch,orate how many ,iters of o&ygen are formed'
+# If you ha8e produced 2)#" % or o&ygen how many grams of a,uminum ch,orine are produce'
Gas Stoichiometry With No Conditions Name: _____________________________ Page $
8nswers: 1#* 1!/g 2#* 2g !#* 1#< g )#* )// % "#* 2A/ g 1<// % .#) g $#* 12// g
)// % /#" g .#* 2/ mo, 1/ mo, #1 mo, <#* "$ % /#/1 mo, !/ % A#* 1./ g ")// % 12/ %
1/#* )" % 2/ g 11#* 2) g 12#* 2#" % /#/!) g 1!#* 1#) , !2 g
>ook problems: .ae 3$9 63=:33< 3* .ae ;3; 6 3=*< 3=9
14.2ow many grams of 2C, are re3uired to produce 22) ,iters of C,2 at 2.#/
o
C and ."/ mm 2g'
15.2ow many ,iters of ch,orine at 2/#/
o
C and .$" mm 2g wi,, +e produced from 1#// & 1/
!
g of manganese
dio&ide' 1n02 (s* 4 2C, (a3* :::; 1nC,2 (a3* 4 220 (,* 4 C,2 (g*
16.Turpentine (C1/21$* +urns in ch,orine to produce car+on and hydrogen ch,oride gas#
a# 2ow many ,iters of 2C, at 1//#/
o
C and .)/ mm 2g are produced from 1"/#/ g of C1/21$'
+# If 2//#/ % of C,2 at 2"#/
o
C and <//#/ mm 2g reacts with sufficient C1/21$ how many grams of C are
produced'
17.Sucrose is produced from a reaction +etween car+on dio&ide and water# 0&ygen is a,so produced#
a# 2ow many grams of sucrose (C12222011* are produced from 22) ,iters of car+on dio&ide at 22
o
C and
.)" mm 2g and e&cess water'
+# 2ow many ,iters of car+on dio&ide at the a+o8e conditions are needed to produce "#// pounds of
sugar' (1 -g 5 2#2/ ,+s#*
18.0ne of the steps in the production of iron uti,i6es the fo,,owing chemica, reaction: C0(g* 4 Be20!(s* Be(s*
4 C02 (g* What mass of Be20! wou,d react with "//#/ ,iters of C0 at !/
o
C and 1#! atm'
Gas Stoichiometry With No Conditions Name: _____________________________ Page .
19.Propane C3H8 burns:
a. What volume o !ater vapor measure" at 250.#C an" 1.00 atm $s pro"u%e" !hen
3.0 & o propane at '(P $s burne")
b. What volume o o*+,en at 20.#C an" 102.6 -Pa $s use" $ 640. & o C.
2
$s
pro"u%e") (he C.
2
$s also measure" at 20.#C an" 102.6 -Pa.
c. / 465 m& o o*+,en at '(P $s use" $n the rea%t$on0 !hat volume o C.
2
0
measure" at 37#C an" 0.973 atm0 $s pro"u%e")
d. When 2.50 & o C
3
H
8
at '(P burns0 !hat total volume o ,aseous pro"u%ts $s
orme") (he volume o the pro"u%ts $s measure" at 175#C an" 1.14 atm.
20.Carbon mono*$"e !$ll burn $n a$r to pro"u%e C.
2
. What volume o o*+,en at '(P
!$ll be nee"e" to rea%t !$th 3500. & o C. measure" at 20.#C an" a pressure o
0.953 atm)
21.'$l$%on tetra1uor$"e ,as %an be pro"u%e" b+ the a%t$on o H2 on '$l$%on "$o*$"e:
1.00 & o H2 ,as un"er pressure at 3.48 atm an" a temperature o 25#C rea%ts
%ompletel+ !$th '$.
2
to orm '$2
4
. What volume o '$2
4
0 measure" at 15#C an"
0.940 atm0 $s pro"u%e" b+ th$s rea%t$on)
22..ne metho" use" $n the e$,hteenth %entur+ to ,enerate h+"ro,en !as to pass
steam throu,h re"3hot steel tubes. (he ollo!$n, rea%t$on ta-es pla%e. 4nbalan%e"
e5uat$on: 2e6s7 8 H
2
.6g7 2e
3
.
4
6s7 8 H
2
6g7
a. What volume o h+"ro,en at '(P %an be pro"u%e" b+ the rea%t$on o 6.28 , o
$ron)
b. What mass o $ron !$ll rea%t !$th 500. & o steam at 250.#C an" 1.00 atm
pressure)
c. / 285 , o 2e
3
.
4
are orme"0 !hat volume o h+"ro,en0 measure" at 20.#C an"
1.06 atm0 $s pro"u%e")
23.'o"$um rea%ts v$,orousl+ !$th !ater. / 0.027 , o so"$um rea%ts !$th e*%ess !ater0
!hat volume o h+"ro,en at '(P $s orme")
24.9$eth+l ether burns $n a$r a%%or"$n, to the ollo!$n, unbalan%e" e5uat$on.
C
4
H
10
.6l7 8 .
2
6g7 C.
2
6g7 8 H
2
.6l7 / 7.15 & o C.
2
$s pro"u%e" at a temperature o
125#C an" a pressure o 1.02 atm0 !hat volume o o*+,en0 measure" at '(P0 !as
%onsume" an" !hat mass o "$eth+l ether !as burne")
25.When n$tro,l+%er$n "etonates0 $t pro"u%es lar,e volumes o hot ,ases almost
$nstantl+ a%%or"$n, to the ollo!$n, 4nbalan%e" e5uat$on. C
3
H
5
:
3
.
9
6l7 :
2
6g7 8
12C.
2
6g7 8 10H
2
.6g7 8 .
2
6g7
a. When 0.100 mol o n$tro,l+%er$n e*plo"es0 !hat volume o ea%h ,as measure" at
'(P $s pro"u%e")
b. What total volume o ,ases $s pro"u%e" at 300.#C an" 1.00 atm !hen 10.0 , o
n$tro,l+%er$n e*plo"es)
26.9$n$tro,en mono*$"e %an be prepare" b+ heat$n, ammon$um n$trate0 !h$%h
"e%omposes a%%or"$n, to the ollo!$n, unbalan%e" e5uat$on. :H
4
:.
3
6s7 :
2
.6g7
Gas Stoichiometry With No Conditions Name: _____________________________ Page <
8 2H
2
.6l7 What mass o ammon$um n$trate shoul" be "e%ompose" $n or"er to
pro"u%e 250. m& o :
2
.0 measure" at '(P)
27.Phosph$ne0 PH
3
0 $s the phosphorus analo,ue to ammon$a0 :H
3
. /t %an be pro"u%e"
b+ the rea%t$on bet!een %al%$um phosph$"e an" !ater a%%or"$n, to the ollo!$n,
unbalan%e" e5uat$on.
Ca
3
P
2
6s7 8 H
2
.6l7 Ca6.H7
2
6s an" aq7 8 PH
3
6g7 What volume o phosph$ne0
measure" at 18#C an" 102.4 -Pa0 $s pro"u%e" b+ the rea%t$on o 8.46 , o Ca
3
P
2
)
28./n one metho" o pro"u%$n, alum$num %hlor$"e0 HCl ,as $s passe" over alum$num.
What mass o ;l shoul" be on han" $n or"er to pro"u%e 6.0 * 10
3
-, o ;lCl
3
) What
volume o %ompresse" HCl at 4.71 atm an" a temperature o 43#C shoul" be on
han" at the same t$me)
29.<4rea0 6:H
2
7
2
C.0 $s an $mportant ert$l$=er that $s manua%ture" b+ the ollo!$n,
unbalan%e" rea%t$on. :H
3
6g7 8 C.
2
6g7 6:H
2
7
2
C.6s7 8 H
2
.6g7 What volume o :H
3

at '(P !$ll be nee"e" to pro"u%e 8.50 * 10
4
-, o urea $ there $s an 89.5> +$el" $n
the pro%ess)
30.;n obsolete metho" o ,enerat$n, o*+,en $n the laborator+ $nvolves the
"e%ompos$t$on o bar$um pero*$"e b+ the ollo!$n, unbalan%e" e5uat$on. ?a.
2
6s7
?a.6s7 8 .
2
6g7 What mass o ?a.
2
rea%te" $ 265 m& o .
2
$s %olle%te" b+ !ater
"$spla%ement at 0.975 atm an" 10.#C)
31./t $s poss$ble to ,enerate %hlor$ne ,as b+ "r$pp$n, %on%entrate" HCl solut$on onto
sol$" potass$um perman,anate a%%or"$n, to the ollo!$n, part$all+ balan%e"
e5uat$on. 2 @An.
4
6aq7 8 16 HCl6aq7 @Cl6aq7 8 AnCl
2
6aq7 8 H
2
.6l7 8 Cl
2
6g7 /
e*%ess HCl $s "r$ppe" onto 15.0 , o @An.
4
0 !hat volume o Cl
2
!$ll be pro"u%e")
(he Cl
2
$s measure" at 15#C an" 0.959 atm.
32.;mmon$a %an be o*$"$=e" $n the presen%e o a plat$num %atal+st a%%or"$n, to the
ollo!$n, unbalan%e" e5uat$on. :H
3
6g7 8 .
2
6g7 :.6g7 8 H
2
.6l7 (he :. that $s
pro"u%e" rea%ts almost $mme"$atel+ !$th a""$t$onal o*+,en a%%or"$n, to the
ollo!$n, e5uat$on. 2:.6g7 B .
2
6g7 : 2:.
2
6g7 / 35.0 -& o o*+,en at '(P rea%t $n the
Crst rea%t$on0 !hat volume o :H
3
at '(P rea%ts !$th $t) What volume o :.
2
at '(P
!$ll be orme" $n the se%on" rea%t$on0 assum$n, there $s e*%ess o*+,en that !as
not use" up $n the Crst rea%t$on)
33..*+,en %an be ,enerate" $n the laborator+ b+ "e%ompos$n, potass$um %hlorate.
What mass o @Cl.
3
must be use" $n or"er to ,enerate 5.00 & o .
2
0 measure" at
'(P)
34..ne o the rea%t$ons $n the 'olva+ pro%ess $s use" to ma-e so"$um h+"ro,en
%arbonate. /t o%%urs !hen %arbon "$o*$"e an" ammon$a are passe" throu,h
%on%entrate" salt br$ne. (he ollo!$n, e5uat$on represents the rea%t$on. :aCl6aq7 8
H
2
.6l7 8 C.
2
6g7 8 :H
3
6g7 :aHC.
3
6s7 8 :H
4
Cl6aq7
a. What volume o :H
3
at 25#C an" 1.00 atm pressure !$ll be re5u$re" $ 38 000 & o
C.
2
0 measure" un"er the same %on"$t$ons0 rea%t to orm :aHC.
3
)
b. What mass o :aHC.
3
%an be orme" !hen the ,ases $n 6a7 rea%t !$th :aCl)
c. / th$s rea%t$on orms 46.0 -, o :aHC.
3
0 !hat volume o :H
3
0 measure" at '(P0
rea%te")
d. What volume o C.
2
0 %ompresse" $n a tan- at 5.50 atm an" a temperature o
42#C0 !$ll be nee"e" to pro"u%e 100.00 -, o :aHC.
3
)
35.Wr$te the e5uat$on or the %ombust$on o butane 6C
4
H
10
7.
a. / 4.74 , o butane rea%t !$th e*%ess o*+,en0 !hat volume o C.
2
0 measure" at
150.#C an" 1.14 atm0 !$ll be orme")
Gas Stoichiometry With No Conditions Name: _____________________________ Page A
b. What volume o o*+,en0 measure" at 0.980 atm an" 75#C0 !$ll be %onsume" b+
the %omplete %ombust$on o 0.500 , o butane)
c. ; butane3uele" tor%h has a mass o 876.2 ,. ;ter burn$n, or some t$me0 the
tor%h has a mass o 859.3 ,. What volume o C.
2
0 at '(P0 !as orme" !h$le the
tor%h burne")
d. What mass o H
2
. $s pro"u%e" !hen butane burns an" pro"u%es 3720 & o C.
2
0
measure" at 35#C an" 0.993 atm pressure)
Gas Stoichiometry With No Conditions Name: _____________________________ Page 1/
19. a. 23 & H2.
b. 1070 & .2
c. 326 m& C.2
d. 25.2 & total pro"u%ts
20. 1550 & .2 at '(P
21. 0.894 & '$24
22. a. 3.36 & H2
b. 488 , 2e
c. 112 & H2
23. 0.013 & H2 or 13 m& H2
24. 7.50 & .2 at '(PD 4.14 , "$eth+l ether
25. a. 3.36 & :2D 6.72 & C.2D 5.60 &
H2.D 0.560 & .2
b. 15.0 & total volume all ,ases
26. 0.894 , :H4:.3
27. 2.19 & PH3
28. 1.2 * 10
3
-, ;lD 7.4 * 10
5
& HCl
29. 7.08 * 10
7
& :H3
30. 3.77 , ?a.2
31. 5.85 & Cl2
32. 28.0 -& :H3D 28.0 -& :.2 overall rea%t$on $s: 4:H3 8 7.2 4:.2 8 6H2.
33. 18.2 , @Cl.3
34. a. 38 000 & :H3
b. 1.30 * 10
5
, :aHC.3
c. 12.3 & :H3
d. 5.60 * 10
3
&
35. a. 9.93 & C.2
b. 1.63 & .2
c. 26.0 & C.2
d. 3.29 * 10
3
, H2.