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1991
1.051010m3 3.751012m3 98.7% 97.2%
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23% 46%~50%[7]

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Dickinson 1974
Bally Snelson 1980 St John 1984

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MARINE PETROLEUM POTENTIAL IN XIZANG

TIBETTETHYS TECTONIC DOMAIN
Fei Qi
(Department of Petroleum Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074)

Deng Zhongfan
(Central-South Bureau of Petroleum Geology, MGMR, Changsha 410007)
Abstract
The Zagros foreland basin in Iran is one of the most abundant petroleum areas in the world. Xizang Plateau
and Iran Plateau belong to the same Tethys tectonic domain, therefore, it is comparable in tectonic evolution and
petroleum geology. Following a brief account of Middle-East tectonic domain and the petroleum geology of
Zagros foreland basin, a further discussion is given on the evolution of Xizang Tethys tectonics and its sedimentary
formations for marine oil potential which is regarded favourable in the areas under consideration. Tethys oceans of
Xizang area has experienced three successive cycles of expansion, subduction and extinction processes, which
involved rifting, aggregation and collision of three microplates. The subduction and extinction of a formal Tethys
oceanic crust would lead to produce and/or expand a new Tethys ocean. Each microplate could be separated from
the north margin of the Gondwana and drifted with its aggregated margin to collide and finally welded to the south
margin of Eurasia continent to form a brand new tectonic system. The superimposition of Mesozoic sediments
over a carbonate plane of stable Paleozoic passive margin in Qiangtang area created favourable conditions for the
generation, conservation and entrapment of oil accumulation. In Gangdise area, sediments of Jurassic active
continental margin were overlain by Cretaceous back-arc basins. On the north slope of the Himalayas, Late
Cretaceous-Tertiary oceanic basin was superimposed on the passive margin. All these geological settings are
beneficial for oil and gas accumulation. The key to the formation of traps in Xizang area is good conservation
conditions in the post stages. It seems to be promising that the stable landmasses in the active region are widely
covered with evaporates. Based on a careful petroleum geological analysis of the satellite gravity anomalies, 5 first
order zones and 12 second subzones of possible marine petroliferous areas have been located. The 5 first order
zones are north Qiangtang, south Qiangtang, north Gangdise, south Gangdise and north Himalayas. Among them,
the most promising is north Qiangtang; south Qiangtang and north Gangdise, the second. In the superimposed
foreland basins, exploration breakthrough for marine oils could be made where reverse structures, characterized by
concave at depth and convex at shallow part, developed salts or gypsum layers of Jurassic, Cretaceous and Tertiary
exist.
Keywords structure evolution, sedimentary formation, marine oil, foreland basin, Middle-East petroleum,
Xizang (Tibet) Tethys.

1938 1960
1981~1983 1985

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