2014 Trial TRG p123

SULIT
4551/1
Biologi
Kertas 1
September
2014
1 1/4 jam
JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANU

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2014
TINGKATAN LIMA
SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA
BIOLOGI
Kertas 1
Satu jam lima belas minit
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan.

Kertas soalan ini disediakan dalam dwibahasa.
Jawab semua soalan.
Jawab dengan menghitamkan ruangan yang betul pada kertas jawapan yang
disediakan.
Sekiranya anda hendak menukarkan jawapan, padamkan tanda yang telah dibuat.
Kemudian hitamkan jawapan yang baru.
Rajah yang mengiringi soalan dimaksudkan untuk memberi maklumat yang
berguna bagi menjawab soalan. Rajah tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali
dinyatakan.
Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulatur saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram.
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 30 halaman bercetak

4551/1 @ Hak Cipta JPNT Terengganu
[Lihat sebelah
SULIT
Diagram 1 shows an organelle of a cell.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan organel yang terdapat di dalam suatu sel.
Diagram 1
Rajah 1
Which of the following processes occurs in this organelle ?
Antara proses berikut, yang manakah berlaku dalam sel ini?
A Photosynthesis
Fotosintesis
C Synthesis of enzyme
Sintesis enzim
B Synthesis of protein
Sintesis protein
D Generation of energy
Penjanaan tenaga
The following information refers to organelle P.

Maklumat berikut merujuk kepada organel P
Consists of two layer of membrane
Terdiri daripada dua lapisan membran
The inner membrane folded to form cristae
Lapisan dalam berlipat-lipat membentuk kristae
What is organelle P ?
Apakah organel P ?
A Chloroplast
Kloroplas
C Golgi apparatus
Jasad Golgi
B Mitochondrion
Mitokondria
D Endoplasmic reticulum
Retikulum endoplasma
Diagram 2 shows the model of plasma membrane

Rajah 2 menunjukkan model membran plasma
What is the part labelled Q?

Apakah bahagian yang berlabel Q?
A Carrier protein
Protein pembawa
B Pore protein
Protein liang
Diagram 2
Rajah 2
C Phospholipid
Fosfolipid
D Phospholipid bilayer
Dwilapisan fosfolipid
Which of the following processes involves osmosis?

Antara proses berikut, yang manakah melibatkan osmosis?
A absorption of water by the root hair of plant
penyerapan air oleh rerambut akar tumbuhan
B absorption of glucose through the villi in the small intestine
penyerapan glukosa melalui vilus di dalam usus kecil
C
movement of sodium ions into the cells lining of the kidney tubules
pergerakan ion natrium ke dalam dinding sel tubul ginjal
D gaseous exchange between the alveoli and blood capillaries during respiration
pertukaran gas di antara alveolus dan kapilari darah semasa respirasi
Diagram 3 shows the lock and key hypothesis of enzyme reaction of lipase.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan hipotesis kunci dan mangga bagi tindakan enzim lipase.
Y
X
Z
Diagram 3
Rajah 3
Which of the following is represented by X, Y and Z?
Antara berikut yang manakah diwakili oleh X, Y dan Z ?
Lipid
Lipid
Y
enzyme-substrate
complex
kompleks enzim-substrat
Lipase
Lipase
Lipase
Lipase
substrate
substrat
Lipid
Lipid
enzyme
enzim
X
enzyme
enzim
Diagram 4 shows a type of molecular structure of protein.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu jenis struktur molekul protein.
Hydrogen
bonds
Diagram 4 / Rajah 4
What is the type of the structure ?
Apakah jenis struktur tersebut?
A primary structure / struktur primer
B secondary structure / struktur sekunder
C tertiary structure / struktur tertier
D quarternary structure / struktur kuartener
Z
product
produk
enzyme-substrate
complex
kompleks enzim-substrat
glycerol and fatty acid
gliserol dan asid lemak
product
produk
Diagram 5 shows the cell cycle.

Rajah 5 menunjukkan kitar sel.
G2
Diagram 5
Rajah 5
At which stage accumulation of energy occurs ?
Pada peringkat manakah berlaku pengumpulan tenaga ?
A G1
C S
D M
G2
Which of the following human cells is produced through meiosis?

Antara berikut, sel-sel badan manusia yang manakah dihasilkan melalui meiosis?
A muscle cell
sel otot
B nerves cell
sel saraf
C Epithelial cell
sel epitelium
D Secondary oocyte
oosit sekunder
Diagram 6 shows part of the human digestive system.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan sebahagian dalam system pencernaan manusia.
X
Diagram 6
Rajah 6
Which of the following is secreted by organ X when the blood sugar level is low?
Antara berikut yang manakah dirembeskan oleh organ X apabila aras glukosa darah
rendah?
10
A Insulin
Insulin
C Glucagon
Glukagon
B Glycogen
Glikogen
D Trypsin
Tripsin
The following information is about amino acids .

Maklumat berikut adalah tentang asid amino.
Excess amino acids cannot be stored in the body
and are broken down in the liver through
process K.
Asid amino yang berlebihan tidak boleh disimpan
di dalam badan dan dipecahkan di dalam hati
melalui proses K.
What is process K?
Apakah proses K?
A absorption / penyerapan
B assimilation /asimilasi
C deamination / pendeaminaan
D defeacation / penyahtinjaan
11
Diagram 7 shows the respiratory system of an insect.

Rajah 7 menunjukkan sistem resprasi bagi sejenis serangga
Diagram 7
Rajah 7
What is the structure N and name the substance that prevent the structure from being
deflated.
Apakah struktur N dan namakan bahan yang menghalang struktur itu daripada menjadi
kempis ?
A
B
C
D
12
N
Trachea//Trakea
Tracheole//Trakeol
Spiracle//Spirakel
Spiracle//Spirakel
Substance
Chitin//Kitin
Chitin//Kitin
Ring of cartilage//gegelang rawan
Ring of cartilage//gegelang rawan
Which of the following is the correct equation for the respiration in muscle cells during
vigorous activities?
Manakah yang berikut menunjukkan persamaan yang betul bagi respirasi di dalam sel
otot yang sedang menjalankan aktiviti cergas?
A Glucose lactic acid + energy
Glucosa asid laktik + tenaga
B Glucose carbon dioxide + ethanol + energy
Glucosa carbon dioksida + etanol + tenaga
C Glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + ethanol + energy
Glucosa + oksigen carbon dioksida + etanol + tenaga
D Glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + ethanol + energy
Glucosa + oksigen carbon dioksida + air + etanol + tenaga
13
14
Which of the following microorganisms contain cell wall?

Mikroorganisma yang manakah mempunyai dinding sel?
A
Diagram 8 shows part of a nitrogen cycle. P and Q are microorganisms which can be
found in fertile soil.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada kitaran nitrogen. P dan Q adalah sejenis
mikroorganisma yang boleh dijumpai di dalam tanah subur.
Ammonium/ammonium
P
Nitrites/Nitrit
Nitrates/Nitrat
Diagram 8
Rajah 8
Which of the following represent P and Q?
Antara berikut yang manakah menunjukkan P dan Q ?
A
B
C
D
P
Nostoc sp
Nostoc sp
Rhizobium sp
Nitrosomonas sp
Q
Nitrosomonas sp
Nitrobacter sp
Nitrosomonas sp
Nitrobacter sp
15
Diagram 9 shows the root system of a mangrove plant.

Rajah 9 menunjukkan sistem akar tumbuhan bakau.
Diagram 9
Rajah 9
What is the function of Y?
Apakah fungsi Y?
A To absorb sunlight
Untuk menyerap cahaya
B To support the plant
Untuk sokongan tumbuhan
C To reduce transpiration
Untuk mengurangkan proses transpirasi
D To allow gas exchange
Untuk membolehkan pertukaran gas berlaku
16
Which of the following gases can cause the depletion of ozone layer?
Antara berikut, gas yang manakah boleh menyebabkan penipisan lapisan ozon?
A
B
C
D
Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)
Nitrogen dioxide
Methane
Ozone
17
Diagram 10 shows the impacts of phenomenon Y.

Rajah 10 menunjukkan kesan daripada fenomena Y.
Extinction of flora
and fauna
Increase of carbon
dioxide content in
atmosphere
Kepupusan flora
dan fauna
Y
Loss of
biodiversity
Peningkatan kandungan
karbon dioksida dalam
atmosfera
Land slide and flash

flood
Kehilangan
biokepelbagaian
Diagram 10
Rajah 10
Tanah runtuh dan banjir

kilat
What is phenomenon Y?
Apakah fenomena Y ?
A
B
C
D
18
Greenhouse effect / Kesan rumah hijau

Deforestration / penyahhutanan
Thermal pollution / Pencemaran terma
Global warming / Pemanasan global
Diagram 11 shows part of the pulmonary circulatory system.

Rajah 11 menunjukan sebahagian daripada sistem peredaran pulmonari.
Heart
Jantung
What is organ X?
Apakah organ X ?
A Liver / Hati
B Gills / Insang
Lung
Peparu
Organ
X
Diagram 11
Rajah 11
C Lymph node / Nodus Limfa

D Heart / jantung
10
19
Diagram 12 shows the cross section of dicotyledonous root.

Rajah 12 menunjukkan keratan rentas akar tumbuhan dikotiledon.
C
A
B
Diagram 12
Rajah 12
Which of the labelled parts A,B, C or D transport mineral ?
Bahagian berlabel yang manakah A, B, C atau D berfungsi mengangkut mineral ?
20
Diagram 13 shows a typical cervical vertebra.

Rajah 13 menunjukkan vertebra servik.
P
Diagram 13
Rajah 13
What is P?
Apakah P?
A
B
C
D
Centrum / Sentrum
Neural spine / Spina saraf
Neural canal / Salur saraf
Vertebra arterial canal / Salur vertebra arteri
11
21
Diagram 14 shows the shape of an aerofoil.

Rajah 14 menunjukkan bentuk aerofoil.
Lifting force
Diagram 14
Rajah 14
Why bird has the wing as shown in diagram 14?
Mengapakah burung mempunyai sayap seperti dalam rajah 14?
A
B
C
D
22
To reduce body mass // Untuk mengurangkan jisim badan

To reduce air resistance // Untuk mengurangkan daya rintangan
To reduce thrust force // Untuk mengurangkan daya tujahan
To reduce lifting force // Untuk mengurangkan daya angkatan
Which of the following hormones regulates the production of thyroxine and the osmotic
pressure in the body?
Antara berikut, hormon manakah yang mengawal kandungan gula dan tekanan osmosis
dalam badan ?
I Luteinizing hormone/hormon peluteinan
II Follicle stimulating hormone/hormon perangsang folikel
III Thyroid stimulating hormone/hormon perangsang folikel
IV Antidiuretic hormone/hormon antidiuresis
A
B
C
D
I, dan II
II, dan III
III, dan IV
I, II, dan III
12
23
Diagram 15 shows the changes in the thickness of the uterus wall during the menstrual
cycle.
Rajah 15 menunjukkan perubahan pada ketebalan dinding uterus semasa kitar haid.
Thickness of endometrium / Penebalan endometrium
Diagram 15
Rajah 15
What process occur at day 14?
Proses apakah yang berlaku pada hari ke 14?
A
B
C
D
24
Ovulation / pengovulan
Pregnancy / kehamilan
Menstruation / menstruasi
Abortion / keguguran
Diagram 16 shows the growth curve of an insect.

Rajah 16 menunjukkan graf pertumbuhan serangga.
Dry mass (g)
Diagram 16
Rajah 16
What happens at H?
Apa yang berlaku pada H?
A
B
C
D
Pertumbuhan /Growth
Ecdysis / Eksdisis
Regeneration / Pertumbuhan semula
Pemanjangan badan / length of body
13
Time (week)
25
Diagram 17 shows a type of chromosomal mutation.

Rajah 17 menunjukkan sejenis mutasi kromosom.
Diagram 17
Rajah 17
What is the type of this chromosomal mutation?
Apakah jenis mutasi kromosom ini ?
26
A deletion/pelenyapan
C duplication/penggandaan
B inversion/penyonsangan
D translocation/translokasi
Diagram18 shows the changes of an erythrocyte when placed in distilled water

for 10 minutes.
Rajah 18 menunjukkan perubahan pada satu eritrosit apabila diletakkan di dalam air
suling selama 10 minit
Beginning of experiment
Awal eksperimen
End of experiment
Akhir eksperimen
Diagram 18
Rajah 18
Which of the following processes explains the above changes?

Antara proses berikut, yang manakah mennerangkan perubahan di atas?
A crenated
Krenasi
C deplasmolysed
deplasmolisis
D haemolysed
haemolisis
plasmolysis
plasmolisis
14
27
Diagram 19 shows the process of synthesis and secretion of enzyme in a cell.

Rajah 19 menunjukkan proses sintesis protein dan perembesan enzim dalam satu sel.
Diagram 19
Rajah 19
What will happen if organelle T is not present?
Apakah yang akan berlaku sekiranya organel T tidak hadir?
A Energy cannot be generated
Tenaga tidak dapat dijanakan
B Enzyme cannot be synthesized
Enzim tidak boleh disintesis
C Protein synthesized cannot be modified
Sintesis protein tidak boleh diubahsuaikan
D Protein synthesized cannot be transported
Protein yang disintesis tidak boleh diangkut
15
28
Diagram 20 shows the movement of substances J, K, and L across a plasma membrane .

Rajah 20 menunjukkan pergerakan bahan J, K, dan L merentasi membran plasma.
J
Diagram 20
Rajah 20
Which of the following is the characteristic of substance J , K and L ?
Manakah yang berikut merupakan ciri bahan J, K dan L?
J
Charged molecule
Molekul bercas
Charged molecule
Molekul bercas
Small and lipid

soluble molecule /
Molekul kecil dan
larut dalam lemak
Small and lipid
soluble molecule /
Molekul kecil dan
larut dalam lemak
Small and charged

molecul / Molekul kecil
dan bercas
small and lipid soluble
molecule / molekul kecil
dan larut dalam lemak
Charged molecule
Molekul bercas
Small and charged

dan bercas
16
L
Small and lipid soluble
molecule / Molekul kecil
dan larut dalam lemak
Small and charged
dan bercas
small and charged
dan bercas
Charged molecule
Molekul bercas
Diagram 21 is a graph showing the result of changes in mass of three pieces of onion
which was left for 30 minutes in three sucrose solutions with different concentrations.
Graf dalam rajah 21 menunjukkan perubahan jisim tiga kepingan bawang yang
direndam dalam tiga larutan sukrosa yang berbeza kepekatan selama 30 minit.
Change in the mass
of onion piece (%)
29
Stage P
Stage Q
Concentration of
glucose solution
Stage R
Diagram 21
Rajah 21
Which of the following diagrams reflects the condition of the cell at the stage R?
Antara rajah berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan keadaan bawang pada kedudukan R?
A
17
30
Diagram 22 shows metaphase I in an animal cell.

Rajah 22 menunjukkan peringkat metafasa I dalam sel haiwan.
Diagram 22
Rajah 22
How many chromosomes are there in the daughter cell of this division?
Berapakah bilangan kromosom dalam sel anak bagi pembahagian sel ini?
A 2
31
B 4
C 8
D 16
Diagram 23 shows a food web.

Rajah 23 menunjukkan satu jaringan makanan.
Frog/
katak
Grasshopper/
Belalang
Plant/
Tumbuhan
m
Chameleon/
Sesumpah
Caterpillar/
Beluncas
Snake/
Ular
Bird/
Burung
Snail/
Siput
Diagram 23
Rajah 23
Which organisms will increase in number, if the number of snake decrease?
Haiwan manakah yang akan meningkat bilangannya sekiranya bilangan ular
berkurang?
A birds / burung
B caterpillar / beluncas
C snails / siput
D frogs / katak
18
32
The following statement shows the eutrophication events .

Maklumat berikut menunjukkan kejadian eutrofikasi.
P -alga and aquatic plants in the bottom of the water cannot
photosynthesis and die
-alga dan tumbuhan akuatik di dasar air tidak dapat
melakukan fotosintesis dan mati
Q -results in population explosion called algal bloom
-menyebabkan ledakan populasi yang dipanggil alga bloom
R -the decomposition of aerobic bacteria on dead organic
matter will raise the BOD and reduce the oxygen content
-penguraian bakteria aerobik ke atas bahan organik mati
meningkatkan BOD dan mengurangkan kandungan oksigen
S -increased in mineral salt concentration in the water due to
excessive fertilisers
-peningkatan kepekatan garam mineral di dalam air disebabkan
oleh penggunaan baja berlebihan
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the above events?
Antara urutan berikut yang manakah betul mengenai kejadian di atas ?
A
B
C
D
33
SPQR
S Q P R
RSPQ
RPSQ
Diagram 24 shows a type of human muscle tissue.

Rajah 24 menunjukkan satu jenis tisu otot dalam manusia
Diagram 24
Rajah 24
Which of the following organs consists of this type of muscle?
Antara organ berikut, yang manakah mempunyai otot jenis ini?
A Liver / hati
C Kidney / ginjal
B Heart / jantung
D Stomach / perut
19
34
Diagram 25 shows the blood circulatory system of an organism.

Rajah 25 menunjukkan sistem peredaran sejenis organisma.
Diagram 25
Rajah 25
Which of the following organism has the similar circulatory system as shown in the
diagram ?
Antara organisma berikut, yang manakah mempunyai sistem peredaran yang sama
seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah?
35
A A fish
Ikan
C A frog
Katak
B A bird
Burung
D A snake
Ular
Diagram 26 shows the structure of human forearm.

Rajah 26 menunjukkan struktur lengan manusia.
P
Q
Diagram 26
Rajah 26
20
Which of the following action of P and Q will cause the arm straighten?
Antara tindakan P dan Q yang berikut, yang manakah akan menyebabkan lengan
diluruskan?
P
Contracts / Mengecut
Contracts / Mengecut
Relaxes / Mengendur
Relaxes / Mengendur
A
B
C
D
36
Q
Relaxes / mengendur
Contract / Mengecut
Contract / Mengecut
Relaxes / mengendur
The following is the information of the urine composition of four individuals.

Berikut ialah maklumat mengenai kandungan air kencing bagi empat individu.
Individual
P
Q
R
S
Concentration of urea in the urine

Kandungan urea dalam air kencing
Low / Rendah
Low / Rendah
High / Tinggi
High / Tinggi
Water content in the urine

Kandungan air dalam air kencing
High / Tinggi
Low / Rendah
High / Tinggi
Low / Rendah
Which individual is most likely to have been eating less protein on a cold day ?
Individu manakah yang telah mengambil paling kurang protein pada hari yang sejuk?
A P
37
B Q
C R
D S
Diagram 27 shows the structures involved in reflex action.

Rajah 27 menunjukkan struktur yang terlibat dalam tindakan refleks.
Hot pan
Periuk panas
Diagram 27
Rajah 27
21
Which of the following shows the correct sequence for the above action?
Antara berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan urutan yang betul bagi tindakan di atas?
A PQRS
B PSRQ
C QRSP
D QSPR
38
Which hormone is produce during the ripening of fruits,

Hormon yang manakah dihasilkan semasa pemasakan buah?
A
B
C
D
39
Auxin / Auksin
Ethylene / Etilena
Cytokinin / Sitokinin
Gibberelin /Giberelin
The following are the statements about the formation of twins.

Berikut adalah pernyataan mengenai pembentukan anak kembar.
P - Two ovums are fertilized by two different sperms
Dua ovum disenyawakan oleh dua sperma
Q - Two zygotes with different characteristic will be formed
Dua zigot yang berlainan sifat akan terbentuk
R - Two foetuses share the same placenta
Kedua-dua fetus berkongsi plasenta yang sama
S - Gender of the foetuses will be the same
Jantina fetus mungkin sama
Which of the following statements explain about the formation of identical twins ?
Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah menerangkan pembentukan kembar
seiras ?
A P and Q
B Q and S
C
Q and R
D R and S
22
40
Diagram 28 shows two types of variation among human.

Rajah 28 menunjukkan dua jenis variasi antara manusia.
Type T
Type U
Diagram 28
Rajah 28
Which of the following are the examples of variation for type X and type Y?
Antara berikut manakah menunjukkan contoh variasi bagi jenis X dan Y?
A
B
C
D
41
Type T/Jenis T
Tongue rolling
Kebolehan menggulung lidah
Type of ear lobe
Jenis lekapan cuping telinga
Type of blood group
Jenis kumpulan darah
Skin colour
Warna kulit
Type U/ Jenis U
Eye colour
Warna mata
Type of finger prints
Jenis cap jari
Body mass
Jisim badan
Type of hair
Jenis rambut
Which of the following enzymes is used in dairy product.

Antara enzim berikut, yang manakah digunakan dalam produk tenusu?
A Amylase
B Protease
C Zymase
D Lipase
23
42
Table 1 shows the different methods of contraception and their functions.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan kaedah mencegah penghamilan yang berbeza dan fungsi bagi
setiap kaedah
Method
Biological principle
Kaedah
Prinsip Biologi
B
C
D
To prevent sperms from entering the reproductive system of a

woman through the vagina
Untuk mencegah sperma daripada memasuki sistem pembiakan
seorang wanita melalui faraj
To prevent ovary from releasing the ovum
Untuk mencegah pembebasan ovum dari ovari
To prevent the implantation of a zygote in the endometrium
Untuk mencegah penempelan zigot pada endometrium
To prevent sperms from entering the uterus
Untuk mencegah sperma daripada memasuki uterus.
Which of the following A, B, C and D is the correct explanation for IUD?

Antara A, B, C dan D yang manakah penerangan yang betul tentang IUD?
43
Diagram 29 shows the experiment to investigate the content of carbon dioxide and
oxygen in an air sample .
Rajah 29 menunjukkan eksperimen untuk menyiasat kadungan karbon dioksida dan
oksigen dalam suatu sample udara.
/Tiub-J
/sampel udara
/Air
Diagram 29
Rajah 29
24
Initial length of bubble gas....................

Panjang awal gelembung udara .
10.00 cm
10.00 cm
Length of bubbles gas + potassium hydroxide solution.

9.40 cm
Panjang gelembung udara + potassium hidroksida 9.40 cm
Length of bubble gas + potassium pyrogalate solution..
Panjang gelembung udara + potassium pirogalat .
8.00 cm
8.00 cm
What is the percentage of carbon dioxide in the air sample?

Apakah peratus karbon dioksida di dalam sampel udara?
A 6%
B 10%
C 14%
D 16%
44
Diagram 30 shows the energy flow of a food chain which represented by four level of
organisms.
Rajah 30 menunjukkan aliran tenaga dalam satu rantaian makanan yang diwakili oleh
empat peringkat organisma.
Producer
Pengeluar
Primary
consumer
Secondary
consumer
Pengguna
primer
Pengguna
sekunder
Tertiery
consumer
Pengguna
tertier
4 X 104kJ
90% of energy is lost

90% tenaga hilang

90% tenaga hilang

90% tenaga hilang
Diagram 30
Rajah 30
Based on the above diagram, calculate the amount of energy received by the secondary
consumer.
Berdasarkan rajah di atas, kira jumlah tenaga yang diterima oleh pengguna kedua.
A 4 kJ
B 40 kJ
C 400 kJ
D 4000 kJ
25
Diagram 31 is a bar chart showing a gradual increase in the concentration of carbon

dioxide within 25 years.
Rajah 31 ialah carta bar yang menunjukkan peningkatan kandungan gas karbon
dioksida dalam masa 25 tahun.
360
Concentration of
carbon dioxide
45
350
340
330
320
310
300
290
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
Year
Diagram 31
Rajah 31
Which of the following activities causing this problem?
Antara aktiviti berikut, yang manakah menyebabkan masalah di atas?
I increasing the burning of fossil fuels.
Peningkatan pembakaran bahan api fosil.
II reduce the uses of CFCs
kurangkan penggunaan CFC
III deforestations for farming and development
penyahutanan untuk pertanian dan pembangunan
IV the usage of excess nitrates from fertilizers
penggunaan baja nitrat secara berlebihan
A I and II only
B I and III only
C I, II and III only
D I, II , III and IV only
26
46
Diagram 32 shows the set-up of a potometer to study the rate of transpiration under
different conditions.
Rajah 32 menunjukkan potometer gelembung yang disediakan untuk mengkaji kadar
transpirasi dalam keadaan yang berbeza.
Diagram 32
Rajah 32
Which of the following conditions will result in the air bubble moving at the lowest
speed from X to Y?
Antara berikut, yang manakah akan meyebabkan pergerakan gelembong udara dari X
ke Y pada kadar yang paling rendah ?
A Low humidity , high temperature and high light intensity.
Kelembapan udara yang rendah, suhu tinggi dan keamatan cahaya yang tinggi.
B High humidity, low temperature and high light intensity
Kelembapan udara yang tinggi, suhu rendah dan keamatan cahaya yang tinggi.
C High humidity, low temperature and low light intensity
Kelembapan udara yang tinggi, suhu rendah dan keamatan cahaya yang rendah.
D Low humidity, high temperature and low light intensity
Kelembapan udara yang rendah, suhu tinggi dan keamatan cahaya yang rendah.
27
47
Diagram 33 shows the cross section of human skin.

Rajah 33 menunjukkan keratan rentas kulit manusia.
Diagram 33
Rajah 33
Which of the following will occur when the surrounding temperature increase?.
Antara berikut, yang manakah akan berlaku apabila suhu persekitaran meningkat?
I
R constrict
R mengecut
II Q relax
Q mengendur
III P erect
P menjadi tegak
IV S become active
S menjadi aktif
A
B
C
D
I and II
I and IV
II and III
II and IV
28
48
Diagram 34 shows the cross section of human placenta.

Rajah 34 menunjukkan keratan rentas plasenta manusia.
Artery Y
Foetu
s
Diagram 34
Rajah 34
Which of the following is the function of artery Y?
Antara berikut yang manakah fungsi arteri Y?
A Transport carbon dioxide from foetus to mothers blood
Mengangkut gas karbon dioksida daripada fetus ke darah ibu
B Transport oxygen from mothers blood to the foetus
Mengangkut oksigen daripada darah ibu ke fetus
C Transport nutrient from mothers blood to the foetus
Mengangkut nutrient daripada darah ibu ke fetus
D Transport antibodies from foetus to the mothers blood
Mengangkut antibody daripada fetus ke darah ibu
49
For human, the gene for brown-eyes is dominant over the gene for blue eyes.
Both husband and wife have heterozygous for brown eyes.
What is the chance of their child to have blue eyes?
Pada manusia, gen warna mata perang adalah dominan berbanding warna biru. Keduadua suami dan isteri adalah bermata perang heterozigot.
Apakah kebarangkalian anak mereka mempunyai mata berwarna biru ?
A
B
C
D
10 %
25 %
50 %
5%
29
50
Diagram 35 shows the data of an investigation to estimate the population of snail in a

vegetable farm.
Rajah 35 menunjukkan data suatu penyiasatan bagi menganggarkan populasi siput di
dalam sebuah kebun sayur.
First Capture
90 snail
Marked then Released
Tangkapan Pertama
90 ekor siput
Ditanda, kemudian
Dilepaskan
Second Capture
20 Marked
50 Unmarked
Tangkapan Kedua
20 bertanda
50 tidak bertanda
Diagram 35
Rajah 35
What is the estimated population of the garden snails in the vegetable farm?
Apakah populasi anggaran bagi siput yang terdapat dalam kebun sayur ini?
A
B
C
D
126
225
315
420
END OF QUESTION PAPER

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
30
NAMA : .............. TINGKATAN : ..

SULIT
4551/2
Biologi
KERTAS 2
Ogos/ Sept 2014
2 jam
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM

SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA
BIOLOGI
Kertas 2
Dua jam tiga puluh minit
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1.
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi dua bahagian :

Bahagian A dan Bahagian B.
2.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Jawapan

kepada Bahagian A hendaklah ditulis dalam ruang
jawapanyang disediakan
3.
Jawab dua soalan dari Bahagian B dan jawapan kepada

Bahagian B hendaklah ditulis dalam ruang bergaris yang
disediakan dibahagian akhir kertas soalan. Anda diminta
menjawab dengan lebih terperinci untuk Bahagian B,
Jawapan mestilah jelas dan logik. Dalam jawapan
anda,persamaan,gambar rajah, jadual , graf dan cara lain
yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda boleh
digunakan.
4.
Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala

kecuali dinyatakan.
5.
Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau

ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan.
Kod Pemeriksa
Bahagian
Soalan
Markah
Penuh
12
12
12
12
12
20
20
20
20
Markah
6.
Sekiranya anda hendak membatalkan sesuatu jawapan,

buat garisan di atas jawapan itu.
7.
Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang

tidak boleh diprogram. Walau bagaimanapun, langkah
mengira perlu ditunjukkan
8.
Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Bahagian A ialah 90 minit, Bahagian B 60 minit.
9.
Semua kertas jawapan hendaklah diserahkan di akhir peperiksaan.
Jumlah
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 22 halaman bercetak.
4551/2
SULIT
SULIT
4551/2
For
Examiners
Use
SECTION A
Answer all the questions
Jawab semua soalan
1. Diagram 1.1 shows the structure of a pancreas cell as seen under an electron microscope.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan struktur satu sel pankreas yang dilihat di bawah mikroskop elektron.
P
Q: ..
S :..
R:.
Diagram 1.1 // Rajah 1.1

(a)(i) Name the type of the cell
Namakan jenis sel tersebut.
1(a)(i)
...............
[1 mark]
(ii) State one reason for your answer in a (i).

Nyatakan satu alasan bagi jawapan anda di (a)(i)
1(a)(ii)
...
[1 mark]
1(a)(iii)
(iii) Label structures Q, R and S on the Diagram 1.1

Labelkan struktur Q, R dan S pada Rajah 1.1
[3 marks]
4551/2
[Lihat helaian sebelah

SULIT
SULIT
4551/2
For
Examiners
Use
(b)(i) State the function of organelle contain structure P.

Nyatakan fungsi organel yang mengandungi struktur P.
..
[1 mark]
(ii) State the component of structure P
Nyatakan komponen struktur P
1(b)(i)
..............................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Diagram 1.2 shows part of the component of structure P.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan sebahagian komponen struktur P.
1(b)(ii)
Z
Y

Name the parts labelled X, Y and Z.
Namakan bahagian yang berlabel X, Y and Z.
X : ..
Y:
Z:
...
[3 marks]
(c)
Diagram 1.3 is a leaf cross section shows cell T which contains a large number of
organelle R.
Rajah 1.3 adalah keratan rentas daun menunjukkan sel T yang mengandungi organel R
dalam jumlah yang banyak.
T

4551/2

SULIT
1(b)(iii)
SULIT
For
Examiners
Use
4551/2
(i)
1(c)(i)
(ii)
1(c)(ii)
Name cell T
Namakan sel T.
..............
[1 mark]
State why cell T has a large number of R.
Nyatakan mengapa sel T mengandungi banyak organel R.
...............
...................
[1 marks]
Total
12
4551/2

SULIT
SULIT
2.
(a)
4551/2
Diagram 2.1 shows the shape of red blood cells after being immersed for 30
minutes in three solutions with different concentration.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan bentuk sel darah merah selepas direndam selama 30 minit
dalam tiga larutan yang berbeza kepekatannya.
Red blood cells in P solution

Sel darah merah dalam larutan P
For
Examiners
Use
Red blood cells in Q solution

Sel darah merah dalam larutan Q
Red blood cells in R solution

Sel darah merah dalam larutan R
Diagram 2.1
Rajah 2.1
Based on the Diagram 2.1

Berdasarkan Rajah 2.1
(i) State the condition of the red blood cells after being immersed in
Nyatakan keadaan sel darah merah selepas direndam di dalam
2(a)(i)
Solution P//Larutan P :......................................................................................

Solution Q//Larutan Q : ....................................................................................
[2 marks]
4551/2

SULIT
SULIT
For
Examiners
Use
4551/2
(ii)
2(a)(ii)
Name the type of solution R in which the red blood cells are immersed.
Namakan jenis larutan R yang mana sel darah merah direndam.
............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) Explain your answers given in a(ii)

Terangkan jawapan yang anda berikan di a(ii)
............................................................................................................................
2(a)(iii)
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
(b)
Food such as mushrooms, fruits, vegetables and fish can be preserved longer
by using natural preservatives such as salt, sugar and vinegar.
Makanan seperti cendawan, buah-buahan, sayur-sayuran dan ikan boleh
diawet untuk tahan lama menggunakan bahan-bahan pengawet semulajadi
seperti garam,gula dan cuka .
Based on the statement, explain why vinegar is suitable to be used as the natural
preservative for the preservation of garlic.
Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas , terangkan mengapa cuka adalah sesuai digunakan
sebagai pengawet semulajadi untuk bawang putih.
2(b)
...................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
4551/2

SULIT
SULIT
(c)
4551/2
Diagram 2.2 shows the condition of herbaceous plant due to water shortage in soil.
Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan keadaan pokok herba disebabkan oleh kekurangan air
dalam tanah.
For
Examiners
Use
Water shortage after one week

Kekurangan air selepas satu minggu
Diagram 2.2
Rajah 2.2
Explain the condition of the plant in Diagram 2.2 after one week .
Terangkan keadaan pokok dalam Rajah 2.2 selepas satu minggu.
...................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................
2(c)
.........................................................................................................................
3
[3 marks]
Total
12
4551/2

SULIT
SULIT
For
Examiners
Use
3.
4551/2
Diagram 3.1 shows the example of the cell undergoing the division of cell.
Rajah 3.1 di bawah menunjukkan contoh sel yang mengalami pembahagian sel

a) How many chromosomes are there in the cell?
Berapakah bilangan kromosom di dalam sel tersebut?
3(a)
..
[1 mark]
b) Draw one daughter cell at the end of the cell division through;
Lukis satu sel anak yang dihasilkan melalui pembahagian sel secara;
i.
Mitosis
3(b)(i)
[2 marks]
ii.
Meiosis
3(b)(ii)
[2 marks]
4551/2

SULIT
SULIT
4551/2
(c) Explain why the chromosomes numbers are different in daughter cells of
mitosis and meiosis.
Terangkan mengapa bilangan kromosom berbeza pada sel anak antara
mitosis dan meiosis.
For
Examiners
Use
.
3(c)
.
.
[2 marks]
(d) Explain one difference of importance of mitosis and meiosis to organisms.

Terangkan satu perbezaan kepentingan mitosis dan meiosis kepada organisma
hidup.
.
3(d)
.
2
.
[2 marks]
(e) In a population of buffaloes, there are normal buffaloes and white buffaloes or known
as kerbau balar. Why it is happen?
Dalam satu populasi kerbau, terdapat kerbau yang normal dan kerbau yang
berwarna putih atau dikenali sebagai kerbau balar. Mengapakah keadaan ini
terjadi?
.
.
3(e)
.
.
[3 marks]
Total
12
4551/2

SULIT
SULIT
For
Examiners
Use
4551/2
4. Diagram 4 shown a part of the human body limb that involved in movement.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada anggota badan manusia yang terlibat
dalam pergerakan.
S
X
R
Radius
Ulna
Skapula
Humerus
Diagram 4 // Rajah 4
a) Name the structure tissue R and the type of joint S
Namakan struktur tisu R dan jenis sendi S
4(a)
(i) R tissue / Tisu R:

2
(ii) Type of joint S / Jenis sendi S: ...

[2 marks]
b) Explain the function of X muscle, Y muscle and structure R in produced the limb
position shows in Diagram 4.
Terangkan peranan otot X, otot Y dan R dalam menghasilkan keadaan anggota
seperti dalam Rajah 4.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
4(b)
.................................................................................................................................
3
.................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
c) Explain why muscle X and Y must work in pair to produce the movement.
Terangkan mengapa otot X dan Y mesti bekerja dalam pasangan bagi
menghasilkan pergerakan.
4(c)
....................................................................................................................................
2
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
4551/2
10

SULIT
SULIT
4551/2
d) Based on Diagram 4, explain two importance of skeletal part in movement.

Berdasarkan Rajah 4, terangkan dua kepentingan bahagian rangka tersebut dalam
pergerakan.
For
Examiners
Use
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
4(d)
...............................................................................................................................................
2
...............................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
e) Explain what happened to the movement of arm if the tissue R is torn.
Terangkan apakah yang berlaku kepada pergerakan tangan jika tisu R terkoyak.
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
4(e)
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
Total
12
4551/2
11

SULIT
SULIT
For
Examiners
Use
4551/2
5. Diagram 5.1 show the operational machine to treat an individual with the failure
function of the kidney.
Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan pengoperasian sejenis mesin untuk merawat individu yang
mengalami kegagalan organ ginjal berfungsi.
Blood flow from arm artery //
Aliran darah dari arteri lengan
Semipermeable tube //
Tiub separa telap
Blood flow to
arm vein //
Aliran darah
ke vena
lengan
Dialysis
fluid //
Bendalir
dialisis
Excess salt and urea //

Urea dan garam berlebihan

Based on Diagram 5.1;
Berdasarkan Rajah 5.1;
5(a)(i)
(a) (i) Name the machine

Namakan mesin itu.
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain how the function of the machine.
Terangkan bagaimana mesin tersebut berfungsi.
5(a)(ii)
.
.
[3 marks]
4551/2
12

SULIT
SULIT
4551/2
(b) A teenager who sympathy with the patient in Diagram 5.1 donate one of his kidney.
When the patient recovered, he was served with salted sup tulang
Seorang remaja yang simpati dengan pesakit dalam Rajah 5.1 telah mendermakan
salah satu organ ginjalnya. Apabila pesakit itu sihat, dia telah dihidangkan dengan
sup tulang yang masin
(i)
State the effect to volume and concentration of his urine

Nyatakan kesan terhadap isipadu dan kepekatan air kencing yang
dihasilkannya.
[1 mark]
(ii)
For
Examiners
Use
5(b)(i)
Explain your answer in (b)(i)

Terangkan jawapan anda di (b)(i).
5(b)(ii)
[3 marks]
(c) Diagram 5.2 show the structure of nephrone in kidney
Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan struktur nefron yang terdapat di dalam ginjal.
4551/2
13

SULIT
SULIT
For
Examiners
Use
1(c)(i)
4551/2
(i) On Diagram 5.2, label the structure of distal convoluted tubul as X, collecting duct, Y
and proximal convoluted tubule, Z
Pada Rajah5.2, labelkan strukur tubul berlingkar distal sebagai X, tubul pengumpul , Y
dan tubul berlingkar proksimal, Z.
[2 marks]
(ii) Tabel 1 shows the product urine analysis which cross the nephrone of kidney.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan hasil analisis kandungan bahan dalam air kencing seseorang
yang telah melalui nefron ginjal
Glucose
Glukosa
0.0
Percentage of urine composition

Peratus kandungan bahan dalam air kencing (%)
Amino Acids
Water
Mineral salts
Asid amino
Air
Garam mineral
0.0
95.0
Urea
Urea
2.65
2.0
Based on the table above, explain why no glucose and amino acid present in urine
Berdasarkan jadual di atas, terangkan mengapa tiada molekul glukosa dan asid amino
di dalam air kencing itu.
1(c)(ii)
.
2
.
.
[2 marks]
Total
12
4551/2
14

SULIT
SULIT
4551/2
SECTION B
[40 marks]
Answer any two questions from this section
Jawab mana-mana dua soalan daripada bahagian ini
6.
Diagram 6.1 shows the digestive system and organs associated with digestion.
Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan sistem pencernaan dan organ-organ berkaitan pencernaan.
Diagram 6.1
Rajah 6.1
a) Based on Diagram 6.1,
Berdasarkan Rajah 6.1,
(i) Name the organs that are involved in the processing of food P
Namakan organ-organ yang terlibat dalam memproses makanan P
[3 marks]
(ii) Explain the processes which occur to the food P until it can be used by body
cells.
Terangkan proses-proses yang berlaku kepada makanan P sehingga boleh
digunakan oleh sel-sel badan.
[7 marks]
4551/2
15

SULIT
SULIT
4551/2
b)
Organ R acts as a checkpoint which controls the amount of
nutrients released into the blood circulatory system
Organ R merupakan pusat kawalan yang mengawal kuantiti
nutrien yang masuk ke dalam sistem peredaran darah
Based on the above statement, explain the role of organ R in assimilation of

nutrients in foods P.
Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, terangkan peranan organ R dalam asimilasi
nutrien dalam makanan P.
[5 marks]
c) Diagram 6.2 shows a gastric bypass surgery is used to treat severe obesity.
Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan satu pembedahan pintasan gastrik yang digunakan untuk
merawat kes obesiti yang teruk.
Effect after surgery
Kesan selepas pembedahan
Stomach become too small

Perut menjadi sangat kecil
Smaller stomach connected

to the middle parts of the
small intestine
Perut yang kecil dihubungkan
ke bahagian tengah
usus kecil
Diagram 6.2
Rajah 6.2
Explain how the above operation can reduce excessive weight problems.
Terangkan bagaimana pembedahan di atas dapat mengurangkan masalah berat
badan yang berlebihan.
[5 marks]
4551/2
16

SULIT
SULIT
7(a)
4551/2
Diagram 7.1 shows the development of pollen.
Rajah7.1 menunjukkan perkembangan debunga.
Pollen mother cell

Sel induk debunga
Tetrad
Tetrad
Pollen
Debunga

Describe the development of pollen based on the diagram above.
Huraikan perkembangan debunga berdasarkan rajah di atas.
[ 4 marks]
(b)
Diagram 7.2 shows the mature carpel where the process of double fertilisation occurs
in the plant. Explain the process.
Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan karpel matang dimana proses persenyawaan gandadua
dalam tumbuhan berlaku.Terangkan proses tersebut.

[6 marks]
4551/2
17

SULIT
SULIT
(c)
4551/2
Diagram 7.3 shows the process of secondary growth in plant.
Rajah 7.3 menunjukkan proses pertumbuhan sekunder dalam tumbuhan.

Based on the above diagram, explain the process of secondary growth in plant
Berdasarkan rajah di atas, terangkan proses pertumbuhan sekunder dalam
tumbuhan.
[6 marks]
(d)
Explain the important of secondary growth in plant.

Terangkan kepentingan pertumbuhan sekunder dalam tumbuhan.
[4 marks]
4551/2
18

SULIT
SULIT
4551/2
8. (a) Microorganisms S and T as shown in Diagram 8.1 are very useful and widely used in
the field of biotechnology.
Mikroorganisma S dan T yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 8.1 sangat berguna dan
digunakan secara meluas dalam bidang bioteknologi.
Microorganism S
Mikroorganisma S
Microorganism T
Mikroorganisma T

Explain with suitable examples how both microorganisms are commercially used.
Dengan menggunakan contoh-contoh yang sesuai, terangkan bagaimana
mikroorganisma tersebut digunakan secara komersial.
[4 marks]
(b) Diagram 8.2 shows a waste material from households is piped into a large settling
tank in sewage treatment plant.
Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan bahan buangan dari perumahan disalurkan ke dalam tangki
pemendapan di loji rawatan kumbahan.
Septic Tank
Wetland

Biotechnology are used in the waste treatment process at septic tank. Explain.
Penggunaan bioteknologi berlaku dalam proses rawatan kumbahan di tangki septik.
Terangkan.
[6 marks]
4551/2
19

SULIT
SULIT
4551/2
(c) Diagram 8.3 (i) shows a type of microorganism. Microorganism Q has both the
characteristics of living things and non-living things. All microorganisms from this
group are parasites and causes disease on human, animals and plants.
Rajah 8.3 (i) menunjukkan sejenis mikroorganisma. Mikroorganisma Q mempunyai
kedua-dua ciri benda hidup dan ciri benda bukan hidup. Kesemua mikroorganisma
dari kumpulan ini adalah parasit dan menyebabkan pelbagai penyakit ke atas
manusia, haiwan dan tumbuhan.
Microorganism Q
Mikroorganisma Q
Diagram 8.3(i) // Rajah 8.3(i)

Microorganism Q
RNA microorganism
Q
DNA microorganism
Q
Combination
DNA T-lymphocyte
and DNA
microorganism Q
Progeny
Microorganism
Q
Diagram 8.3 (ii) // Rajah 8.3(ii)
4551/2
20

SULIT
SULIT
4551/2
Diagram 8.3(ii) shows the microorganism Q destroys the T-lymphocytes in the
immune system on human. As a result, the number of lymphocytes is greatly reduced
and cause a deadly disease because until now a vaccine to prevent this disease has
not been found. These disease crippled the immunity system and the ability of the
body to resist infections.
Rajah 8.3 (ii) menunjukkan mikroorganisma Q memusnahkan sel limfosit T dalam
sistem keimunan pada manusia. Kesannya, bilangan limfosit berkurang dan
menyebabkan sejenis penyakit yang berbahaya kerana sehingga kini vaksin untuk
mencegah penyakit ini masih belum ditemui. Penyakit ini melumpuhkan sistem imuniti
dan keupayaan badan untuk menentang jangkitan.
Explain the characteristics of microorganism Q and how it is transmitted among
human. Suggest how to prevent that disease from spreading.
Terangkan ciri-ciri mikroorganisma Q dan bagaimana ia berjangkit di kalangan
manusia. Cadangkan bagaimana untuk mencegah penyakit tersebut daripada
merebak.
[10 marks]
9.(a)(i) Diagram 9.1 and 9.2 shows the histogram about distribution of genetic variation in
human.
Rajah 9.1 dan 9.2 menunjukkan histogram mengenai taburan variasi genetik dalam
manusia.
Diagram 9.1
Rajah 9.1
Diagram 9.2
Rajah 9.2
With a suitable example, explain the differences of two kinds of variation.

Dengan menggunakan contoh yang sesuai, terangkan perbezaan di antara kedua-dua
variasi tersebut.
[7 marks]
(ii) What is the importance of variation to organism?
Apakah kepentingan variasi kepada organisma?
[3 marks]
4551/2
21

SULIT
SULIT
4551/2
(b) Diagram 9.3 and 9.4 shows the genetic factors that affected on the variation of
organism.
Rajah 9.3 dan 9.4 menunjukkan faktor-faktor genetik yang memberi kesan ke atas
variasi pada organisma.
Combination 1
Gabungan 1
Combination 2
Gabungan 2
Combination 3
Gabungan 3
Combination 4
Gabungan 4

Explain how these factors in the diagram above will cause the variation among the
organism.
Terangkan bagaimana faktor-faktor dalam rajah di atas akan menyebabkan variasi
dikalangan organisma.
[10 marks]
END OF THE QUESTIONS
4551/2
22

SULIT
Question 1
Soalan 1
Variation is differences between organism of the same species. Variation in plant can be
shown by the different size/mass of fruits, length of leaves or colour of flower. These
variation can be affected by light intensity, amount of water, amout of minerals or pH of soil.
Variasi adalah perbezaan di antara organisma daripada spesies yang sama. Variasi dalam
tumbuhan boleh ditunjukkan oleh perbezaan saiz/jisim buah, panjang daun atau warna
bunga. Variasi ini boleh dipengaruhi oleh keamatan cahaya, jumlah air, jumlah mineral atau
pH tanah.
One experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of light intensity onto growth of
tomato plants which contain the same genetic. The tomato plants were planted in two glass
house with same other basic needs.
Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan keamatan cahaya ke atas
pertumbuhan pokok-pokok tomato yang mempunyai genetik yang sama. Pokok tomato
tersebut telah ditanamkan di dalam dua rumah kaca dengan keperluan asas lain yang
sama.
The following steps were carried out.

Langkah-langkah berikut telah dijalankan :
1. 10 tomato plants were planted in glass house A.

10 pokok tomato telah ditanamkan di dalam rumah kaca A.
2. While the other 10 tomato plants were planted in glass house B.
Manakala 10 pokok lagi telah ditanamkan di dalam rumah kaca B.
3. Basic needs such as water and minerals were fixed for both glass house A and B.
Keperluan asas seperti air serta garam mineral telah ditetapkan bagi kedua-dua
rumah kaca A dan B.
4. For the factor of light intensity, tomato plants in glass house A were exposed to light
about 12 hours daily while in glass house B, tomato plants were exposed to the light
about 6 hours.
Bagi faktor keamatan cahaya, pokok-pokok tomato rumah kaca A telah didedahkan
kepada cahaya selama 12 jam sehari manakala pokok-pokok tomato rumah kaca B
telah didedahkan selama 6 jam.
5. After 4 months, the tomato fruits which were planted in both glass houses shown
differences in size and mass.
Selepas 4 bulan, buah tomato yang ditanamkan didalam kedua-dua rumah kaca
didapati menunjukkan saiz serta jisim yang berbeza.
6. Table 1 shows the result obtained from the experiment.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan yang diperolehi dari eksperimen :
Glass
house
Rumah
Kaca
Duration of tomato plant

exposed to the light
intensity daily (hour)
Tempoh masa keamatan
cahaya didedahkan
kepada pokok tomato
setiap hari (jam)
12
Mass of 10 tomatoes
Jisim 10 biji tomato (kg)
Average
mass of each
tomato
Purata Jisim
bagi sebiji
tomato (kg)
Table 1/ Jadual 1
(a)
Record the mass of 10 tomatoes and calculate the average reading in Table 1.
Rekodkan jisim 10 biji tomato dan hitungkan purata bacaan dalam Jadual 1.
[ 3 marks/markah]
2
(b) (i) State two different observations made from Table 1.

Nyatakan dua pemerhatian berlainan dibuat daripada Jadual 1
Observation 1:
Pemerhatian 1:
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
Observation 2:
Pemerhatian 2:
..........................................................................................................................................
1(b)(i)
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
[ 3 marks/markah]
(ii)
State inferences from the observations in 1(b)(i).

Nyatakan inferens daripada pemerhatian di 1(b)(i)
Inference from observation 1:
Inferens daripada pemerhatian 1:
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
Inference from observation 2:

Inferens daripada pemerhatian 2:
..............................................................................................................................................
1(b)(ii)
..............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
[ 3 marks/markah]
3
(c) Complete Table 2 based on this experiment.

Lengkapkan Jadual 2 berdasarkan eksperimen ini.
Variable
Pembolehubah
Manipulated variable:
Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan:
Method to handle the variable

Cara mengendali pembolehubah
.........................................................................
....................................................................
.........................................................................
....................................................................
.........................................................................
Responding variable:
Pembolehubah bergerak balas:
.........................................................................
.................................................................... .........................................................................
.................................................................... .........................................................................
.................................................................... .........................................................................
Constant variable:
Pembolehubah dimalarkan:
.......................................................................
.................................................................... .......................................................................
1(c)
.................................................................... ........................................................................
.
Table 2
Jadual 2
[ 3 marks/markah]
(d) State the hypothesis for this experiment.
Nyatakan hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.
..........................................................................................................................................
1(d)
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
[ 3 marks/markah]
(e)(i) Construct a table and record all the data collected in this experiment.
Your table should have the following titles:
Bina satu jadual dan rekodkan semua data yang dikumpul dalam eksperimen ini.
Jadual anda hendaklah mengandungi tajuk-tajuk berikut:
Glass house
Rumah kaca
Duration of tomato plant exposed to the light intensity daily.
Tempoh masa keamatan cahaya didedahkan kepada pokok tomato setiap hari
Mass of 10 tomatoes
Jisim 10 biji tomato
Growth rate of tomato
Kadar pertumbuhan tomato
.
Use the formulae:
Growth rate of tomato
= Mass of 10 tomatoes
Time taken for planting
Gunakan formula:
Kadar pertumbuhan tomato = Jisim 10 biji tomato
Masa diambil untuk menanam
1(e)(i)
[ 3 marks/markah]
(e)(ii) Use the graph paper provided on page 8 to answer this question.
By using the data in 1(e)(i), draw a bar chart on the growth rate of tomato against
duration of tomato plant exposed to the light intensity daily.
Guna kertas graf yang disediakan di halaman 8 untuk menjawab soalan ini.
Menggunakan data di 1(e)(i) , lukis carta bar kadar pertumbuhan tomato melawan
tempoh masa keamatan cahaya didedahkan kepada pokok tomato setiap hari
1(e)(ii)
[3 marks/markah]
(e)(iii)
Based on the bar chart in 1(e)(ii), explain the relationship between the growth rate of
tomato against duration of tomato plant exposed to the light intensity daily.
Berdasarkan carta bar dalam 1(e)(ii), terangkan hubungan di antara kadar
pertumbuhan tomato melawan tempoh masa keamatan cahaya didedahkan kepada
pokok tomato setiap hari
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
1(e)(iii)
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
[3 marks/markah]
(f)
This experiment is repeated by exposing the tomato plant to the light intensity for 4
hours daily.
Predict the mass of 10 tomatoes that will be provided.
Explain your prediction.
Eksperimen ini diulangi dengan mendedahkan pokok tomato kepada keamatan cahaya
selama 4 jam sehari.
Ramalkan jisim 10 tomato yang akan diperolehi.
Terangkan ramalan anda.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
1(f)
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
[3 marks/markah]
(g) Based on the result of this experiment, state the operational definition for
continuos variation
Berdasarkan keputusan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi untuk
variasi selanjar
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
1(g)
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
[ 3 marks/markah]
(h) The following list is part of the apparatus and material used in this experiment.
Senarai berikut adalah sebahagian daripada radas dan bahan yang digunakan
dalam eksperimen ini
Light bulb
Mentol
Calendar
Kalendar
Tomatoes Fertiliser
Compression balance
Baja Tomato
Tomato Plant
Neraca mampatan
Pokok tomato
Complete Table 3 by matching each variable with the apparatus and material used in
this experiment
Lengkapkan Jadual 3 dengan memadankan setiap pembolehubah dengan radas dan
bahan yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini.
1 (h)
Variable
Pembolehubah
Manipulated
Manipulasi
Responding
Bergerak balas
Controlled
Dimalarkan
Apparatus
Radas
Material
Bahan
Table 3/ Jadual 3
[3 marks/markah]
Question 2
Soalan 2
The level of water pollution can be tested by using the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
value At high BOD value the dissolved oxygen in the water is less, more anaerobic bacteria
are present and the water is polluted.
Aras pencemaran air boleh diuji menggunakan nilai Keperluan Oksigen Biokimia (BOD).
Pada nilai BOD yang tinggi oksigen terlarut dalam air adalah rendah, banyak bakteria
anaerobik dan air adalah tercemar.
A group of student carried out an experiment to study the level of water pollution at a river
stream . The river was used by the village for their daily activities. Water samples from
station A, B and C are tested for this experiment.
Sekumpulan pelajar telah menjalankan satu eksperiment untuk mengkaji aras pencemaran
air di suatu aliran sungai. Sungai tersebut telah digunakan oleh penduduk kampung untuk
kegiatan harian mereka. Sampel-sampel air dari stesen A, B dan C telah diuji dalam
eksperimen ini.
Design an experiment in the laboratory to study the level of water pollution at the different
stations of river stream as shown in Diagram 2.
Rekabentuk satu eksperimen di dalam makmal untuk mengkaji aras pencemaran air di stesen
stesen yang berlainan pada aliran sungai seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 2.
B
A
Diagram 2
Rajah 2
The planning of your experiment should include the following aspect:

Rancangan eksperimen anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek berikut:
Problem statement
Pernyataan Masalah
Hypothesis
Hipotesis
Variables
Pembolehubah
List of apparatus and materials
Senarai radas dan bahan
Experimental procedure
Prosedur Eksperimen
Presentation of Data
Penyampaian Data
[ 17 marks]
END OF THE QUESTION PAPER
10
MATAPELAJARAN : BIOLOGI KERTAS 1
SKEMA JAWAPAN TRIAL SPM 2014
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
A
B
D
A
C
B
B
D
C
C
A
A
D
D
B
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
A
B
D
A
D
B
C
A
B
D
D
C
A
C
A
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
D
B
B
A
C
A
C
B
D
C
D
C
A
C
B
46
47
48
49
50
C
D
A
B
C
PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN (Kertas 2)

Num.
1(a)(i)
Scoring Criteria
Marks
Able to name the cell

Answer: Animal cell
1(a)(ii)
Answer:
Q: mitochondria
R: Golgi apparatus
S: Rough ER
1
1
1
1
1
1
Able to state the function of organelle contain structure P

Answer:
Control all cell activities // contain genetic materials
1(b)(ii)
Able to state the reason of the answer in (a)(i)
Answer:
Has no cell wall // has no vacuole // has no chloroplast // has
centrioles
1(a)(iii) Able to label structure Q, R and S
1(b)(i)
Able to state the component of structure P

Answer: DNA
1(b)(iii) Able to name the parts labeled X, Y and Z

Answer:
X: phosphate group
Y: Pentose sugar
Z: Nitrogenous base
1(c)(i)
Able to name cell T

Answer: Mesophyll palisade cell
1(c)(ii)
Able to state why cell T has a large number of organelle R

Answer:
Process and modify protein into enzyme (to carry out photosynthesis)
TOTAL
12
NUM
SCORING CRITERIA
2(a)(i)
Able to state the condition of the red blood cells after being
immersed in
2(a)(ii)
2(a)(iii)
MARKS
Solution P: Crenation / shrink / shrivel

Solution Q:Haemolysis / swell and burst
Able to name the type of solution R in which the red blood cells are
immersed.
1
1
Solution R is Isotonic solution.
Able to explain the answers given in a(ii)

P1:The cell retains its normal shape.
P2:The water diffuses in and out of the cells at equal rate by
osmosis
P3:Solution R has the same osmotic concentration as the
cytoplasmic fluid in the red blood cells
2(b)
1
1
Able to explain why vinegar is suitable to be used as the natural

preservative for the preservation of garlic.
F1: Vinegar has a low pH/acidic
E1: Vinegar diffuses into the tissues of the garlic
E2: The tissues of the garlic becomes acidic
E3: The low pH prevents the growth of microorganisms in
garlics
E4: The garlic can be preserved to last longer
2(c)
1
1
1
1
1
F any 2E
Able to explain the condition of the plant in Diagram 2.2 after one
week .
F: The plant wilt
E1: The cells become flaccid/plasmolysed//both the vacuole the
vacuole and cytoplasm shrink//the plasma membrane of the
root cells pull away from the cell wall.
E2:Water molecules diffuse out from the cell sap of the root
hair cell by osmosis
E3:(the remaining) soil water becomes hypertonic to the cell
sap of the root hair cell as the soil dries out.
F any 2E
TOTAL
1
1
1
12
Num
3(a)
SCORING CRITERIA
Able to state number of chromosomes in the cell
3(b)
Answer: 6 chromosomes
Able to draw one daughter cell of mitosis and meiosis
MARK
Answer:
(i) mitosis
Number of chromosomes are 6
Same pattern and same size of chromosomes as parent cell
3(c)
(ii) meiosis
Number of chromosomes are 3
Pattern and size of chromosomes is different compare to parent cell
Able to explain why the chromosomes numbers are different
3(d)
Suggested Answer:
In mitosis:
- (During anaphase) chromosome / sister chromatids separated and
move to the opposite poles (cause the number of chromosome in
daughter cell remain the same)
In meiosis:
- (During anaphase I) homologous chromosomes separated and move
to the oppoeite poles (cause the number of chromosome in daughter
cell become half form the parent cell)
Able to explain one difference of importance of mitosis and meiosis
Suggested Answer:
F1: Mitosis produce no variation, while meiosis produce variation
P1: caused by crossing over during Prophase I in meiosis
3(e)
1m
1
1
2m
1
1
2m
2m
1
1
2m
Able to explain why buffalo is white colour

Answer:
P1: albino buffaloes caused by gene mutation which control the
production of skin pigmentation
P2: in autosomes
P2: controlled by recessive alleles
P3: skin cells unable to synthesis (melanin) pigment // no (melanin)
pigment
1
1
1
1
3m
Any 3
Total
12
Num
4(a)
Mark Scheme
Able to name corectly R dan S
Mark
Answer:
R : Tendon
S : Ball and socket joint
4(b)
1
1
Able to explain the function of X muscle, Y muscle and R in

action to straighten the arm
Suggested answer:
F : Muscle X and muscle Y act as an antogonistic pair
P1 : Muscle Y / triseps contract while muscle X / biseps was
relaxes
P2 : to transfer the force by tendon / R tissue to the bone
P3: (Tendon is inelastic and tough) pulled the ulna bone
downward (and caused the forearm is straighten)
4 (c)
1
1
Max
3
1
1
Able to state the importance of skeletal part in movement

Suggested answer:
P1: provides surface area for muscle attachment
P2: form the joints that enable the bone to move and allowing
movement
P3: support the body / forearm weight
4( e )
1
1
Able to explain why muscle work in pairs to produced movement

Suggested answer:
F: The muscle can only contract / pull out
P: It has to be extended back to it original lenght (to contract
again) by the contraction of another muscle
4 (d)
1
1
1
Max
2
1
1
1
Able to explain what happened if the tissue R torn

Suggested answer :
F: the forearm cannot bend / straightens
P1: when the muscle X or Y contract
P2: the pulling force (produced by contraction of muscle) is not
transmit to the radius / ulna
Jumlah
12
Num
5(a)(i)
Mark Scheme
Mark
Able to name the machine

1
Answer: Dialysis machine

5(a)(ii) Able to explain the function of the machine
Suggested answer:
P1: During haemodialysis, patients blood is pumped out from artery
in the arm and flow into dialysis machine
P2: the blood flow through semipermeable tube in the machine
P3: blood has higher concentration of urea and salts
P4: urea and salts diffuse out through the semipermeable tube into
dialysis fluid
P5: dialysis fluid contain lower concentration of urea and salts
compare to the blood
P6: the blood is returned back in the body through vein in the same
arm
P7: concentration of urea and salts in the blood // blood osmotic
pressure back to normal range
5(b)(i)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Max
3
1
1
1
1
Max
3
2
1
0
1
1
Able to state the effect of salts to the formation of urine

Answer: Volume of urine is less and concentrated
5(b)(ii) Able to explain the answer in (b)(i)

Suggested answer:
P1: salted sup tulang cause the blood osmotic pressure increase
P2: more ADH secretes by pituitary gland
P3: wall of nephron in kidneys become more permeable to water
P4: more water reabsorb into blood capillary by osmosis
5(c)(i)
Able to label the structure

Notes:
3 labels correct
2 labels correct
1 label correct
5(c)(ii) Able to explain why there is no glucose and amino acids in urine
Suggested answer:
P1: all glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed into blood capillary
P2: at proximal convoluted tubules
Total
12
NUM.
6(a)(i)
MARK SCHEME
MARKS
Able to name the organs that are involved in the processing of food P
correctly.
Answer:
1
1
1
Mouth / Oral cavity

Duodenum
Ileum / Small intestine
6(a)(ii)
Able to explain the processes which occur to the food P until it can be
used by body cells.
Sample answer:
P1
P2
P3
P4
P6
Food P rich in starch

(In oral cavity) saliva contains enzyme salivary amylase
To hydrolysis starch to maltose //
Salivary amylase
Starch + (Water)
Maltose
1
1
Duodenum receive pancreatic amylase from pancreas

Pancreatic amylase completes the digestion of starch to maltose //
1
1
Pancreatic amylase
Starch + (Water )
P7
P8
Maltose
(In ileum) intestinal juice contains maltase (erepsin, sucrase,

lactase)
(Maltase) hydrolysis maltose to glucose //
1
1
Maltase
Maltose + Water
Glucose
1
P9
Glucose diffuse into the epithelial cells and absorbed into the
capillaries (villus)
P10 Capillaries drain glucose into hepatic portal vein, which leads to the
liver
P11 Glucose is distributed throughout the body by the circulatory system
P12 (When the glucose molecules reach the cells) glucose are oxidised
to release energy (during cellular respiration)
1
1
1
1
Max
7
6(b)
Able to explain the role of organ R in assimilation of nutrients in foods P.

Answer:
F
P1
P2
P3
P4
6(c)
(At the end of the digestive process) Food P are hydrolysed /

digested into glucose (at ileum)
Excess glucose is converted into glycogen
stored in the liver
(When the blood sugar level falls) the stored glycogen is converted
back to glucose
(When the glycogen stored in the liver is full) excess glucose is
converted into lipid (by liver)
1
1
1
1
1
Able to explain how the gastric bypass surgery can reduce excessive
weight problems
Sample answers:
F: (Due to the stomach becomes too small) the patient has less appetite
P1: reduce food intake
P2: reducing the absorption of nutrients (from digested food)
P3: causing the system in body takes energy from fat (in the body as a
substitute for food that is often taken)
P4: leading to weight loss
1
1
1
1
1
20
TOTAL MARKS
No
7(a)
Mark Scheme
Able to explain the development of pollen based on the diagram above.
7(b)
Suggested answer:
E1: pollen mother cell ( diploid) undergo meiosis I
E2: 2 cell stage of pollen cell (haploid) is form
E3: 2 cell stage undergo meiosis II
E4: tetrad stage is form
E5: after the secretion of cell wall, the pollen is form
Able to explain the process of double fertilisation occurs in the plant.
Suggested answer:
E1- The pollen tube grows down the style towards the ovule
E2- The sugar solution (sucrose) secreted by the stigma stimulates
the pollen grain to germinate and form a pollen tube
E3- The generative nucleus divides by mitosis to form two male
gamete nuclei
E4- The male gamete nuclei move down the pollen tube led by the
tube nucleus
7
Max
5
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
max
4
E5- When the pollen tube reaches the ovary, it penetrates the
ovule through the micropyle
E6- The tube nucleus degenerates, leaving a clear passage for the
male nuclei to enter the embryo sac
E7- Double fertilization occurs in the ovule. One male nucleus fuses
with the egg nucleus to form a diploid zygote(2n)
E8- The other male nucleus fuses with the two polar nuclei to form a
triploid nucleus(3n)
7(c)
1
1
1
1
Max
6
Able to explain the process of secondary growth in plant

Suggested answer:
F1:Vascular cambium divides actively radially
E1:forming cambium ring/ intervascular cambium
F2:Cambium cells divides tangently,
E2:cell in the outside differentiate to form secondary phloem
E3:while the inner cell differentiate to form secondary xylem
E4:primary xylem pushed towards the pith
E5:and primary phloem pushed towards the epidermis
E6:the walls of secondary xylem will be thickened with lignin
E7:this give tissues mechanical strength to support the plant
E8:the tissues outside become increasingly compressed
E9:the circumference/ diameter increased caused the epidermis to be
stretched
E10:the ruptured epidermis will be replaced by cork as a result of the
activity of cork cambium
F3:cork cambium divides tangently
E11:form secondary cortex/inner cell and cork/ outer cell
7(d)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
max
6
Able to explain the important of secondary growth in plant.

1
Suggested answer:
P1: Increase the diameters of the plant stems and roots for additional
1
mechanical support
P2: Produces secondary xylem called wood to support and strengthen the
1
growing plant
P3: Produces more secondary phloem and secondary xylem to
1
accommodate the increase in demand for water, mineral and organic
nutrient
1
P4: produced new phloem and xylem tissues to replace old and damaged
ones
P5: Produces a thick and tough bark which reduces evaporation of water
1
from the surface of stem, also protects the plant against of insect and
parasite fungi
1
P6: Increase the opportunities to produce seeds and propagate as plant that
undergo secondary growth live longer
P7: produce large quantities of fruit for local consumption and export
TOTAL
Max
4
20
NUM
8(a)
SCORING CRITERIA
Able to explain the used of microorganism S and T in the field of
biotechnology
MARKS
Sampel answer:
Microorganism S fungi / yeast
Uses
Explanation
E1 Producing wine
Fermentation of glucose (grape
juice) by yeast produces etahanol
E2 Making of bread
Respiration of yeast produces carbon
dioxide which causes bread dough to
rise
E3 Producing beer
Yeast is added to maltose to produce
alcohol
E4 Producing citric
Break down maize starch into citric
acid
acid
Any 2
1
1
2m
Microorganism T bacteria
Uses
Explanation
E5 Treatment of
Anaerobes bacteria are used to break
1
industrial wastes
down / converted industrial wastes
into non-poisonous materials
E6 Making yogurt
Bacteria (Lactobacillius bulgaricus)
1
used to break down lactose into
lactic acid
E7 Producing vinegar Bacteria (Acetobacter sp) is used to
1
from alcohol
change alcohol into acetic acid
(vinegar)
Any 2
8(b)
2m
Able to explain the used of biotechnology in the waste treatment

process
Sampel answer:
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
rich in organic matters, bacteria / microorganism

the sewage is decomposed by aerobic bacteria
in the presence of oxygen
(Decomposed sewage /sludge) settled to the bottom of the
pond
Fermentation takes place (at sedimentation tanks)
Using anaerobic bacteria
Produce methane / carbon dioxide / minerals
Digested sludge used as fertilisers
Any 6
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6m
8(c)
Able to explain the characteristics, transmission of microorganism

Q and prevention from spreading
Sampel answer:
The characteristics of living things:C1 - ability to reproduce
C2 - the presence of nucleic acids
1
1
The characteristics of non-living things:C3 - do not respire

C4 - Do not feed
C5 - Do not excrete
C6 - Can be crystallised
1
1
1
1
Any 2
Transmission of Microorganism Q
T1 - microorganism Q is virus HIV
T2 - enters the body through the transfer of body fluids / blood /
semen / vagina fluids
T3 - from infected pregnant mother to the foetus (across the
placenta) // from infected mother to the baby by breast
feeding
T4 - contaminated needles used to inject drugs / for tattoo
T5 - unprotected sex with infected person
Prevention disease from spreading
P1 - type of disease : AIDS
P2 - blood produces used should be treated to detect the virus
P3 - people who have sex with different partners must wear a
condom to reduce the risk of infection // do not have sex
with any individual whose background / correct health status
is unknown // royalty to one sex-partners only // do not have
sex with homosexual person
P4 - do not share (contaminated) needles / syringes
Note
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Characteristics
At least one from C1 to C2; one from C3to C6
Maximum four C only
Transmission and Prevention
At least two T and two P
Max
10M
TOTAL
10
20
NO
9 (a)(i)
SCORING CRITERIA
MARKS
Able to state the example of continuous variation and

discontinuous variation and the difference of continuous
variation and discontinuous variation
Sample answer:
Example of continuous variation: Height or weight
Example of discontinuous variation: ABO blood group
1
1
Differences:
Continuous variation
Discontinuous variation
Graf distribution shows a

normal distribution
The characters are
quantitative / can be
measured and graded
(from one extreme to the
other)
Exhibits a spectrum of
phenotypes with
intermediate character
Influenced by
environmental factors
Two or more genes control
the same character
Graf distribution shows a

discrete distribution
The characters are
qualitative / cannot be
measured and graded
(from one extreme to the
other)
Exhibits a few distinctive
phenotypes with no
intermediate character
Is not Influenced by
environmental factors
A single genes determines
the differences in the traits
of the character
The phenotype is
controlled by a pair of
alleles
The phenotype is usually

controlled by many pair of
alleles
9(a)(ii)
1
1
Max 5
Able to state the importance of variation to organism

Sample answer:
P1: variation provided better adaptation for organism to survive
in the changing environment
P2: variation are essential to the survival of species / to survive
more successfully
P3: variation be able to organism explore a new habitat
P4: to ensure organism survival from predator
Any 3
11
1
1
1
1
9(b)
Able to explain how genetic factors cause the variation among

the organism
Sample answer:
F1: meiosis
P1: produce varies gamete with different genetic content
P2: through homologous chromosomes random assortment
during metaphase I
1
1
1
F2: crossing over

P3: two homologous chromosomes are paired up / synapsis
during prophase I
P3: crossing over occurs between non-sister chromatids at the
chiasma
P4: chromatids break and rejoin in such a way that segments of
chromatids are exchange // causing a genetic recombination
P5: genes in the chromosomes is altered and gametes with
various combinations of chromosomes are produced
1
1
F3: Fertilization
P6: random fertilization between sperm and ovum
P7: produce zygote with varies genetic material
1
1
1
JUMLAH
12
1
1
1
Max
10
20
Suggested answer question 1

(a)[KB0603-measuring using number]
Score Item
Criteria
Able to record correctly all the mass of 10 tomatoes and average mass for
3
1(a)
each tomato in Table 1.
Sample answer:
2
1
0
Glass house
Duration tomato plant

Mass of 10
tomatoes (kg)
Average mass of
each tomato (kg)
A
B
12
6
3
2
0.3
0.2
Able to record 3 readings correctly

Able to record 2 reading correctly
Not able to response or wrong response
(b) (i) [KB0601 - Observation]
Score Item
3
1(b)(i)
Criteria
Able to state the correct observations based on the following criteria:
P1: Glass house/Duration tomato plant exposed to the light intensity daily
P2: Mass of 10 tomatoes/ Average mass of each tomato
Sample answer:
1. When the duration of tomato plant exposed to the light intensity
Daily is12 hours , the mass of 10 tomatoes is 3 kilograms.
2. When the duration of tomato plant exposed to the light intensity daily
is 6 hours , the mass of 10 tomatoes is 2 kilograms.
3. In Glass house A, average mass of each tomato is 0.3kg.
4. In Glass house B, average mass of each tomato is 0.2kg.
Able to state any one observation correctly with or

Able to state any two incomplete observations.
Able to state any one idea of observation
(b) (ii) [KB0602- Making Inference]
Score
3
Item
Criteria
Able to state correct inference for each observation based on any two
criterias:
P1: time exposed to the light/light intensity
P2: growth rate of tomato
P3: causes variation on tomatoes
1
Sample answer:
Inference 1:
When time exposed to the light is long/light intensity is high, the growth rate
of tomato is high//Light intensity is high, it causes variation on tomatoes.
Inference 2:
When time exposed to the light is short/light intensity is low, the growth rate
of tomato is low//Light intensity is low, it causes variation on tomatoes.
2
Able to state any one inference correctly or

Able to state any two incomplete inferences
Sample answer:
1. High/low light intensity affect growth in tomato plant
2. Variation of tomato influenced by light intensity
Able to state any one idea of inference
Sample answer:
1. Light intensity cause growth
0
(c) [KB0610 controlling variable]
Score
3
Item
1(c)
Criteria
Able to state all the variables and method to handle correctly. [ 6 items]
Sample answer:
Variable
Method to handle the variable
Manipulated variable:
Used different duration of tomato
Duration of tomato plant exposed
plant exposed to the light intensity
to the light intensity daily//Glass
daily// Planted the tomato plants in
house
different glass house.
Responding variable:
Record the mass of 10 tomatoes
Mass of 10 tomatoes// Average
using compression
mass of each tomato//growth rate
balance//Calculate the average
of tomato
mass of each tomato using formula
= mass of 10 tomatoes
10
or
Calculate the growth rate of tomato
using formula
= Mass of 10 tomatoes
Time taken for planting
Constant variable:
Duration of planted//amount of
water/minerals
Used same duration of planted

tomato such as 4 months//fixed
same amount of water/minerals.
2
Able to state any 4-5 items correctly
1
Able to state any 1-3 items correctly
0
(d) [KB0611 Making hypothesis]
Score
3
0
(e)(i)
Score
3
Item
1(d)
Criteria
Able to state all threecriterias correctly based on :

P1 : state the manipulated variable.
P2 : state the responding variable
R : relationship between P1 and P2
Sample answer:
1. The longer the duration tomato plant exposed to the light intensity
(daily), the increase the mass of 10 tomatoes / the higher the growth
rate of tomato.
2. Glass house A has the highest growth rate of tomato compare to
glass house B.
Able to state any two criterias correctly or any two criterias inaccurately.
Sample answer:
Different duration of tomato plant exposed to the light intensity(daily),
different growth rate of tomato( plant).
Able to state any one criteria correctly or at idea level.
Sample answer:
Growth of tomato is influenced by glass house
[KB 0606 Communicating skill ]
Item
Criteria
Able to construct a table and record all the data correctly based on :
T: Title with correct units
D: Correct data
S: Correct growth rate of tomato
Sample answer:
T
Glass
house
Duration tomato plant

Mass of 10 tomatoes
(kg)
Growth rate of
tomato (kg/months)
A
B
12
6
3
2
0.75
0.50
D
2
1
0
Able to state any two criterias correctly

Able to state any one criterias correctly
3
(e) (ii) [KB0607 Using spatial and time relationship]

Score
3
Item
Criteria
Able to draw a bar chart graph based on the following criteria :
P :Correct axis label with unit/ uniform scale.
T : all points are plotted correctly.
B: Correct shape of graph
2
Any two criterias
1
Any one criteria
0
(e)(iii) [KB0608- Interpreting data ]
Score
3
Item
Criteria
Able to explain the relationship between the growth rate of tomato against
duration of tomato plant exposed to the light intensity daily based on:
P1: correct conclusion
The longer the duration of tomato plant exposed to the light intensity daily,
the higher the growth rate of tomato.
P2: more photosynthesis/more organic substances/glucose produced
P3:causes mass of tomato increases/variation
Sample answer:
The longer the duration of tomato plant exposed to the light intensity daily,
the higher the growth rate of tomato because more organic substance is
produced causes variation between the tomatoes.
2
Able to state P1 and P2 / P3
1
Able to state P1 only
0
(g) [KB0605 Predicting]
Score
3
2
1
0
Item
Criteria
Able to predict the mass of 10 tomatoes that will be provided when exposed
the tomato plant to the light intensity for 4 hours daily correctly based on :
P1: Mass of 10 tomatoes less than 2kg
P2: less photosynthesis/less organic substance/glucose produced
P3: causes growth rate of tomato decrease
Sample answer:
Mass of 10 tomatoes less than 2 kg because less photosynthesis causes
growth rate of tomato decrease
Able to predict any P1 and P2 / P3
Able to predict any P1 only
(h) [ KB060902 - Operational definition]

Score
3
Item
2
1
0
Criteria
Able to define continous variation operationally based on :
P1: Differences between the tomato plants that have same genetic
P2: Shown by the mass of 10 tomatoes
P3: Growth rate of tomato is affected by the duration of tomato plant
exposed to the light intensity daily/glass house
Sample answer:
Continuos variation is the differences between the tomato plants that have
same genetic and can be shown by the mass of 10 tomatoes.
Growth rate of tomato is affected by the duration of tomato plant
exposed to the light intensity daily/glass house
Able to predict any 2 criterias
Able to predict any one criteria
(i) [ KB0602 - Classifying]

Score
3
Item
Criteria
Able to classify correctly based on 3 materials and 3 apparatus ( 6 correct
ticks):
Sample answer:
2
1
0
Variable
Apparatus
Pembolehubah
Radas
Manipulated
Light bulb
Manipulasi
Responding
Compression balance
Bergerak balas
Controlled
Calendar
Dimalarkan
Any 4 to 5 ticks
Any 1 to 3 ticks
Material
Bahan
Tomato plant
Tomato
Tomatoes Fertiliser
Suggested answer for Question 2

KB061201 ( Problem statement)
Question Score
2 (i)
3
Explanation
Able to state the problem statement correctly :
P1 : Water samples Station A, B and C
P2 : Time taken for decolourisation of Methylene blue
Solution // BOD value // Level of water pollution
H : Question form
Remarks
Sample answer:
1. Which of the Station of water samples will be more
polluted // give the highest BOD value ?
2. How do water sources /samples from Station A, B and
C affect the time taken for decolourisation of Methylene
blue solution?
2
Able to state a problem statement less accurately.

Sample Answer:
1. Which station will be the most polluted water ?/ have
highest BOD value?
2. How do water at station A,B and C affect the methylene
blue solution?
Able to state a problem statement at idea level

Sample Answer:
1. BOD value / water pollution is influenced by different
station./ water sources
No response or wrong response
KB061202 ( KB061203 Making Hypothesis )

Question Score Explanation
2 (ii)
3
Able tostate the hypothesis based on the following aspects:
P1 = Manipulated variable = Water sources / sample from
Station A, B and C.
P2 = Responding variable = Time taken for decolourisation
of Methylene blue Solution
// BOD value / Level of water
pollution
R = Relationship / Link
Sampleanswer :
1. Station B are the most polluted water sources/ sample
compare to Station A and C//.Station B have the highest
BOD value compare to Station A and C
2
Able to write a hypothesis statement less accurately
Sample answer:
1. Station B is the most polluted water / has higher BOD
value.
2. Station C is the least polluted water and low BOD Value.
Remarks
Able to state a hypothesis at idea level

Sample answer:
1. Water sources/ samples from different station affects the
time taken / the decolourisation of Methylene blue
solution
No response or wrong response
KB061203
( Variables)
2 (iii)
3
Able to state all the three variables correctly
Sample answers :
1. Manipulated variable
Water sources/ samples from Station A, B and C
2 Responding variable
Time taken for decolourisation of Methylene blue
Solution // BOD value /Level of water pollution
3 Constant variable
1. Volume of water sources / samples
2. Concentration of Methylene blue solution
3. Temperature
2
1
0
Able to state any two variables correctly

Able to state any one variable correctly
No response or incorrect response
KB061204 - ( Apparatus and materials)

2(iv)
3
Able to list out all the important apparatus and materials
correctly.
Sample answers:
Apparatus:
Reagent bottles, syringe, cupboard / black paper, stop watch,
label paper / marker pen, measuring cylinder, beaker
2
1
0
Remarks
Remarks
Materials:
Water sources / sample from Station A, B and C
Methylene blue solution
Able to list 5-6 apparatus and 2 materials correctly
Able to list 2-4 apparatus and 2 materials correctly
KB061205 ( Experimental Procedure)

2(v)
3
Able to describe all the steps of the experiment correctly
Sample answers:
1. 150 ml of water sources from Station A, B and C were
taken and brought back to the laboratory. (K2, K1)
2. 100 ml of water sources from Station A were measured
by using a measuring cylinder and then poured into the
Remarks
reagent bottle. (K2, K1)

3. By using a syringe, 1 ml of 0.1% methylene solution is
addedto the bottom of each water sources / samples.
(K2/ K1)
4. The reagent bottle is closed quickly with a glass stopper
and labeled as A(K5)
5. And dont shake the bottle.
(K5)
6. Steps 1 to 4 were repeated by using water sources /
samples from Station B and C and labeled as B and C.
( K4)
7. All the reagent bottles are kept in a dark cupboard / wrap
with black or sugar paper.
( K1)
8. The time taken for decolourisation of methylene blue
solution is recorded using stopwatch
(K3)
9. At intervals of one hour for a period of four hours, each
reagent bottle is examined.
(K1)
10.All data are recorded in a table.
(K1)
3
2
1
0
Note:
K1: Steps 1,2,3,7,9,10 ( Setting apparatus)
K2: Step 1,2,3 (Operating fixed variable)
K3: Step 8 (Operating responding variable)
K4: Step 6 (Operating manipulated variable)
K5: Step 4,5 (Precaution)
All the 5 Ks
Any 3-4 K
Any 2 K
KB061206 ( Presentation of Data)

2(v)
2
Able to present all the data with units correctly
Sample answer:
Water sources /
Time taken for
BOD value and
sample Station
decolourisation of
pollution level
methylene blue
solution / (Hrs)
A
B
C
1
Able to present at least one data without unit or incorrect
unit
0
Remarks

2014 Trial TRG p123

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

2014 Trial TRG p123

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

SULIT

JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANU

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 30 halaman bercetak

Diagram 1 shows an organelle of a cell.

The following information refers to organelle P.

Diagram 2 shows the model of plasma membrane

What is the part labelled Q?

Which of the following processes involves osmosis?

Diagram 4 shows a type of molecular structure of protein.

Diagram 5 shows the cell cycle.

Which of the following human cells is produced through meiosis?

Diagram 6 shows part of the human digestive system.

The following information is about amino acids .

Diagram 7 shows the respiratory system of an insect.

Which of the following microorganisms contain cell wall?

Diagram 9 shows the root system of a mangrove plant.

Diagram 10 shows the impacts of phenomenon Y.

Land slide and flash

Tanah runtuh dan banjir

Greenhouse effect / Kesan rumah hijau

Diagram 11 shows part of the pulmonary circulatory system.

C Lymph node / Nodus Limfa

Diagram 12 shows the cross section of dicotyledonous root.

Diagram 13 shows a typical cervical vertebra.

Diagram 14 shows the shape of an aerofoil.

To reduce body mass // Untuk mengurangkan jisim badan

Diagram 16 shows the growth curve of an insect.

Diagram 17 shows a type of chromosomal mutation.

Diagram18 shows the changes of an erythrocyte when placed in distilled water

Which of the following processes explains the above changes?

Diagram 19 shows the process of synthesis and secretion of enzyme in a cell.

Diagram 20 shows the movement of substances J, K, and L across a plasma membrane .

Small and lipid

Small and charged

Small and charged

Diagram 22 shows metaphase I in an animal cell.

Diagram 23 shows a food web.

The following statement shows the eutrophication events .

Diagram 24 shows a type of human muscle tissue.

Diagram 25 shows the blood circulatory system of an organism.

Diagram 26 shows the structure of human forearm.

The following is the information of the urine composition of four individuals.

Concentration of urea in the urine

Water content in the urine

Diagram 27 shows the structures involved in reflex action.

Which hormone is produce during the ripening of fruits,

The following are the statements about the formation of twins.

Diagram 28 shows two types of variation among human.

Which of the following enzymes is used in dairy product.

Table 1 shows the different methods of contraception and their functions.

To prevent sperms from entering the reproductive system of a

Which of the following A, B, C and D is the correct explanation for IUD?

Initial length of bubble gas....................

Length of bubbles gas + potassium hydroxide solution.

What is the percentage of carbon dioxide in the air sample?

90% of energy is lost

90% of energy is lost

90% of energy is lost

Diagram 31 is a bar chart showing a gradual increase in the concentration of carbon

Diagram 33 shows the cross section of human skin.

Diagram 34 shows the cross section of human placenta.