Threshold Resummation Effects in the Associated Production of

Chargino and Neutralino at Hadron Colliders

Chong Sheng Li,1, Zhao Li,1, Robert J. Oakes,2, and Li Lin Yang1,
1

Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

arXiv:0707.3952v4 [hep-ph] 19 Nov 2007

Department of Physics and Astronomy,

Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3112, USA

Abstract
We investigate the QCD effects in the associated production of the chargino and the neutralino,

02 , in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) at both the Fermilab Teva1 and
tron and the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We include the next-to-leading order (NLO)
QCD corrections (including supersymmetric QCD) and the threshold resummation effects. Our results show that, compared to the NLO predictions, the threshold resummation effects can increase

02 at the
the total cross sections by 3.6% and 3.9% for the associated production of
+
02 and
1
1
LHC, respectively, and by 4.7% for those of

02 at the Tevatron. In the invariant mass distribu1

tions the resummation effects are significant for large invariant mass. The threshold resummation
reduces the dependence of the total cross sections at the LHC (Tevatron) on the renormalization/factorization scales to 5% (4%) from up to 7% (11%) at NLO.
PACS numbers: 12.38.Cy, 12.60.Jv, 14.80.Ly

Electronic address: csli@pku.edu.cn

Electronic address: zhli.phy@pku.edu.cn

Electronic address: r-oakes@northwestern.edu

Electronic address: llyang@pku.edu.cn

I.

INTRODUCTION

The search for new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM), especially supersymmetry (SUSY), is one of the objectives at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Many
calculations have been carried out based on the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
(MSSM), a version of SUSY. Phenomenologically SUSY predicts many new particles; e.g.,
the superpartners of the SM particles. Specifically, in the MSSM, there are squarks, gluino,
sleptons, charginos, neutralinos and more Higgs bosons in addition to the SM particles. Besides squarks and gluinos, perhaps the most interesting new particles are the four neutralinos

e0i (i = 1, 2, 3, 4) and the two charginos

e
j (j = 1, 2), which are the mass eigenstates of the

superpartners of the Higgs and gauge bosons, since the lightest chargino
e
1 and the two

lightest neutralinos (e
01 ,
e02 ) can be lighter than the squarks and the gluino in most of the
parameter space. In most of the MSSM parameter regions the associated production of
e
e02
1

is the main source of trilepton events. In Refs.[1, 2] the trilepton signal was investigated

for the Fermilab Tevatron in the Minimal Supergravity Model (mSUGRA) at leading order
(LO). If the leptonic decays of
e
e02 are the dominant decay modes the signal to background
1

ratio can be quite large after suitable cuts. Because the trileptonsignal is also quite sensitive

to the SUSY parameters, it is potentially also a sensitive probe of the SUSY parameters. In
fact, the trilepton signal from
e
e02 is now being searched for by the D0 Collaboration[3] at
1

the Tevatron. So far no excess has been observed above the expected SM background, but

the results have been used to constrain the masses. A plan for searching for the trilepton
signal from chargino and neutralino has also been presented by the Compact Muon Solenoid

(CMS) Collaboration[4] at the LHC. Therefore, high precision theoretical predictions for the
associated production of
e
e02 are very important for the forthcoming experiments at the
1

LHC.

The next-to-leading order (NLO) SUSY QCD corrections to the process pp

e
e02 in
1

mSUGRA was first investigated in Refs.[5, 6] where infrared singularities were dealt with
using the dipole subtraction method[7]. Also, the NLO SUSY QCD and SUSY electroweak

(EW) corrections to this process in the general MSSM were calculated in Ref.[8]. In the
following we further investigate the QCD effects on this process, including the NLO SUSY
QCD corrections and, in addition, the next-to-leading-logarithmic (NLL) threshold resummation effects in mSUGRA using the most recent SM parameters[9, 10] at both the Tevatron
2

and the LHC.

The paper is organized as follows: In Sec. II we present the analytic results at fixed
order. In Sec. III we briefly summarize the threshold resummation formalism and derive the
expressions for the resummed cross sections. In Sec. IV the numerical results are presented
and discussed. Sec. V contains a brief summary of the conclusions. The SUSY vertexes
involved in our calculations are summarized in Appendix A. The abbreviations for the
Passarino-Veltaman integrals are defined in Appendix B. The standard matrix elements
and the explicit expressions for the form factors are summarized in Appendix C.

II.

CALCULATIONS AT FIXED ORDER

For hadron colliders the total cross section for the hadronic process,
A+B
e
e02 + X,
1 +

(1)

can be factorized into the convolution of the parton distribution functions and the parton
cross section,
(S) =

XZ

dxa dxb fa/A (xa , f )fb/B (xb , f )

ab (
s = xa xb S, s ),

(2)

a,b

where f is the factorization scale, f (x, f ) is the parton distribution function (PDF) and s
is the parton center of mass energy. A and B both refer to protons at the LHC and proton
and antiproton at the Tevatron, respectively. The parton cross section
is given by
Z X
1
=
|M|2 dP S (n) ,
(3)
2
s
P
where
indicates the summation over final states and the average over initial states and
R
dP S (n) represents the phase space integration.
For simplicity, in this section we only present the expressions for the subprocess
u + d
e+
e02 ,
1 +

(4)

The other processes are given by similar expressions.

A.

LEADING ORDER CALCULATION

The LO Feynman diagrams are shown in Fig.1. Considering the light quarks as massless,
at LO the production of
e+
e02 proceeds mainly via an s-channel exchange of a W boson, a
1
3

ds

us

FIG. 1: The tree level Feynman diagrams for chargino and neutralino associated production.

t-channel exchange of a down-type squark, and a u-channel exchange of an up-type squark.

The LO amplitude is
M0 = Ms0 +
with
Ms0 =

2
X
k=1

(Mkt0 + Mku0 ),

DL (AR M1RR + AL M1RL )

,
2
s MW

Mkt0

(5)

(6)

(M2LR adk2 + M2LL bdk2 )CUk

=
,
t Md2

(7)

and
Mku0 =

(M3RL auk2
+ M3RR buk2
)CVk
,
u Mu2k

(8)

where DL gW Vud / 2, AL , AR , adk2 , bdk2 , auk2

, buk2
, CUk and CVk are the coefficients appearing
in the SUSY couplings and their explicit expressions are given in Appendix A. The standard
matrix elements Mnab are given in Appendix C. The LO amplitude and all of the NLO
calculations in this paper are carried out in tHooft-Feynman gauge. s, t and u are the
Mandelstam variables defined as
s = (p1 + p2 )2 ,

t = (p1 p3 )2 ,

u = (p1 p4 )2 .

(9)

In order to simplify the expressions, we further introduce the following modified Mandelstam
variables:
t = t Me2+ ,

u = u Me2+ .
1

(10)

After the D-dimensional phase space integration, the LO parton differential cross sections
are given by
2 B

1
d

=
2
16
s (1 )
dt d
u

2
4r s
t u sMe2+
1

(
s + t + u Me2+ Me20 )
1

(t u sMe2+ )[
s (Me+1 + Me02 )2 ]

|M0 |2 ,
4

(11)

where = (4 D)/2 and the function is the Heaviside step function. The explicit
P
expression for |M0 |2 is

2 [(ad )2 + (bd )2 ](C s )2 (t

2
d u

r s
M 2+ )(t M 20 )
X
X
X
0a a C C
+ M
2
s
M
s2
s2
U
1

e2
e
r2
s2
U
V

e1

e
2
2
1
+

|M0 | =
2
2
2
6 r,s=1 (t M )(
(t Md )2
u Mus )
s=1
dr
s
#
"
u
2
u
2
s 2
2
2
2
2
u

s
u Me+ )(
u Me0 ) 4DL sMe+ Me0 X AL ad C s
X [(as2 ) + (bs2 ) ](CV ) (
A
a
C
R s2 V
2
2
s2 U
1
1
+

+
2 2
2
2

)
(
u

M
s

M
u

Mu2s
t

M
u
s
W

s=1
s=1
ds

2
4DL AR (t Me2+ )(t Me20 ) X
1

2
s MW

2CU1 CU2 (t

Me2+ )(t
1

ads2 CUs
2

(t Md2 )
s=1
s
2
d d
d d
Me0 )(a12 a22 + b12 b22 )
2

(t Md2 )(t Md2 )

1

4DL AL (
u

Me2+ )(
u
1
2
s MW

2CV1 CV2 (
u

Me20 )
2

2
X
s=1

aus2
CVs
(
u Mu2s )

Me2+ )(
u Me20 )(au12
a22
2
1
(
u Mu21 )(
u Mu22 )

4A2R DL2 (t Me2+ )(t Me20 ) + 4AL DL2 (

u Me2+ )(
u Me20 ) + 8AL AR DL2 sMe+1 Me02
2

2
s MW

+ bu12
b22
)

(12)
The LO total cross section at the hadron colliders is obtained by convoluting the parton
cross section with the PDFs in the hadrons A and B:
B

B ,
dx1 dx2 [fu/A (x1 , f )fd/B
(x2 , f ) + (A B)]

(13)

where
B is the Born cross section for ud
e+
e02 . Obviously, the LO results are finite and
1
free of singularities.

B.

NEXT-TO-LEADING ORDER CALCULATION

The NLO QCD (including SUSY QCD) corrections for the production of
e
e02 consist
1

of the virtual corrections, generated by loop diagrams of colored particles, and the real
corrections with the radiation of a real gluon or a massless (anti)quark. For both virtual
and real corrections, we will first give the results in the dimensional regularization scheme
(DREG)[11], in which, to restore supersymmetry, we modify the Yukawa coupling at the
one loop level [5, 6, 12, 13] :
gW (qe
q
e) = gW (1

s
).
6

(14)

We will show the results in the dimensional reduction scheme (DRED)[14] and compare the
two schemes.
5

1.

VIRTUAL CORRECTIONS

The Feynman diagrams for the virtual corrections are shown in Fig.2. In the calculations
of the virtual corrections we used the computer program package FormCalc[15] to generate
the one loop amplitudes and the self energies. The unrenormalized amplitudes for the virtual
corrections are given by
MV =

24
X
X

ab
ab
ab
(fQCDV
n + fSU SY V n )Mn .

(15)

n=1 a,b=L,R

where the explicit expressions for the standard matrix elements Mnab and the form factors
ab
ab
fQCDV
n and fSU SY V n are given in Appendix C. The ultraviolet (UV) divergence in the

amplitude for the QCD corrections can be expressed as

2
2
QCD C 1 n
X
X
4t Md2
4
u Mu2k o

s F
k
k
k
Ms0 +
Mt0
MV 
=
,
+
M
u0
2
M 2
4
u

M
UV
t
u

k
k=1
k=1

(16)

dk

and the UV divergence in the amplitude for the SUSY QCD corrections is

2
2
SU SY C 1 n
i
h X
X
1

s F
2
2
d d

M
+
4M

2
t
S

S
MV 
Ms0 +
Mkt0
=
g
kr kr dr
4
UV
t M 2
r=1
k=1
dk

2
X

Mku0

k=1
2 X
2
X
k=1 r=1

u Mu2k

2
X
r=1

u
u

Skr
Skr
Mu2r

4Mg2

i
2
u

CUr (M2LR adk2 + M2LL bdk2 ) X d d 2

Sks Srs Mds
(t Md2 )(t Md2 ) s=1

(17)

2 X
2
2

X
CVr (M3RL auk2
+ M3RR buk2
) X u u 2 o

Sks Srs Mus ,

2
2
)
)(
u

M
(
u

M
u

r
k
s=1
k=1 r=1
qe qe
qe qe
where CF = 4/3 and Sijqe = Ri1
Rj1 Ri2
Rj2 . Rqe is the 2 2 matrix shown below, and is

defined to transform the squark qe current eigenstates to the mass eigenstates:

cos qe sin qe
qe
qe
,
1 = Rqe L ,
Rqe =
sin qe cos qe
qeR
qe2

(18)

with 0 qe < , by convention. Correspondingly, the mass eigenstates Mqe1 and Mqe2 (with
Mqe1 Mqe2 ) are given by

Mqe21

Mqe22

2 (Rqe) ,
= RqeM
qe
6

(19)

+ u

+ u
ds

+ u

+ u

+ u

un
dm

+ u

+
H , G

+ g

+ u

us

+ u

0
g

0
g

us

ds

ds
0

us

ds

us

+ u

un
dm

u
0

FIG. 2: The Feynman diagrams for the virtual corrections to chargino and neutralino associated
production.

with

2 =
M
qe

Mqe2L aq Mq
aq Mq

Mqe2R

(20)

q
Mqe2L = MQ2e + Mq2 + MZ2 cos 2(I3L
eq sin2 W ),

(21)

Mqe2R = MD2e + Mq2 + MZ2 cos 2eq sin2 W ,

(22)

aq = Aq tan .

(23)

 2 is the squark mass matrix. M e e and Aq are soft SUSY breaking parameters and
Here M
qe
Q,D
q
is the Higgsino mass parameter. I3L
and eq are the third component of the weak isospin

and the electric charge of the quark q, respectively.

In order to remove the UV divergences above we renormalized the wave functions of the
(s)quarks and the masses of squarks, adopting the on-shell renormalization scheme [16]. And
the squark mixing matrix must also be renormalized. Denoting Mqes 0 , qes0 and q0 as the bare
squark mass, the bare squark wave function, and the bare quark wave function, respectively,
the relevant renormalization constants are then defined as
Mqe2s 0 = Mqe2s + Mqe2 ,
1 qe
1 qe
qes0 = (1 + Zess
)e
qs + Zesr
qer ,
2
2

and

1
1
q0 = (1 + ZLq PL + ZRq PR )q.
2
2

(24)
(25)

(26)

After calculating the self energy diagrams in Fig.2, we obtain the explicit expressions for
the above renormalization constants:
s CF n
A0 (Mqe2s ) + 4Mqe2s (B0 + B1 )(Mqe2s , 0, Mqe2s ) + 4A0 (Mg2 ) + 4Mqe2s B1 (Mqe2s , 0, Mg2 )
Mqe2s =
4
2
o
X
qe qe
Ssk
Sks A0 (Mqe2k ) ,

k=1

(27)

o
s CF n
qe
2

2
2
2

2
2
e
Zss =
[B0 + B1 + Mqes (B0 + B1 )](Mqes , 0, Mqes ) + (B1 + Mqes B1 )(Mqes , 0, Mg ) , (28)

2
X
s CF
qe
e
S qe S qe A0 (Mqe2k ),
(s, r = 1, 2, s 6= r),
(29)
Zsr =
2(Mqe2s Mqe2r ) k=1 sk kr
ZLq
and

2
s CF X qe 2
=
(R ) (B0 + B1 )(0, Mqe2k , Mg2 ),
2 k=1 k1

ZRq =

2
s CF X qe 2
(R ) (B0 + B1 )(0, Mqe2k , Mg2 ),
2 k=1 k2

(30)

(31)

where Bi = Bi /p2 and A0 and Bi are the one-point and two-point integrals[17], respectively. Since we will factorize the collinear singularities into the parton densities, as will be
discussed below, the MS scheme for the renormalization of the initial quark wave functions
8

should be used here. However, the initial quark renormalization constants have no finite
terms, except in the SUSY QCD corrections which are irrelevant for the PDFs. Therefore, the on-shell renormalization scheme is equivalent to the MS scheme for initial quark
renormalization.
As for the renormalization of the squark mixing matrix, the counterterm for the squark
mixing matrix Rqe is defined as
Rqe Rqe + Rqe,

(32)

where the counterterm Rqe can be fixed by requiring that the counterterm Rqe cancels the
antisymmetric part of the wave function corrections[18] . The squark mixing matrix Rqe
counterterm can be written as
2

qe
Rsr
=

1 X eqe
qe
qe
( Zsk Zeks
)Rkr
.
4 k=1

(33)

The corresponding counterterms for the virtual amplitudes are given by

2

1
1 X (M2LR ads2 ZLd + M2LL bds2 ZRd )CUs
1 uX s
u
d
MC = (ZL + ZL )Ms0 + ZL
Mt0 +
2
2
2 s=1
t M 2
s=1
ds

1
4

2 X
2
X

s=1 k=1

1
1

d
d
+
)(M2LR ads2 + M2LL bds2 )CUk ( Zeks
+ Zesk
)
2
2

t Md
t Md
s

1 d
1 X (M3RL aus2
ZLu + M3RR bus2
ZRu )CVs
s
+ ZL
Mu0 +
2
2 s=1
u Mu2s
s=1
2

2
X
2

1
1 XX
1

(
+
+
)(M3RL aus2
+ M3RR bus2
)CVk ( Zeks
+ Zesk
)
2
4 s=1 k=1 u Mus u Mu2k

(34)

2
2
d
d
Zesk
1 X X s d LR
Zeks

CU (ak2 M2 + bdk2 M2LL )[

]
+
2 s=1 k=1
t Md2
t Md2
s

1
2

2 X
2
X

CVs (buk2
M3RR + auk2
M3RL )[

s=1 k=1
2
X CUs Md2
s
s=1

(t Md2 )

(ads2 M2LR
2

u Mu2s

bds2 M2LL )

Zeks

Zesk

u Mu2k

2
X
CVs Mu2s

(bu M RR + aus2
M3RL ),
+
2 2 s2 3
(
u Mus )
s=1

and can be factorized:

MC =

3
X
X

ab
ab
ab
(fQCDCn
+ fSU
SY Cn )Mn .

n=1 a,b=L,R

(35)

ab
ab
The explicit expressions for the form factors fQCDCn
and fSU
SY Cn are presented in Appendix

C. In Eq.(35), the UV divergences in QCD and SUSY QCD corrections are given by
2
2
QCD
X
X
t + 2Md2
u + 2Mu2k o
s CF 1 n

k
k
k
=
+
Mu0
MC 
Ms0 +
Mt0
,
UV
4
u Mu2k
t M 2
k=1
k=1

(36)

dk

and

2
2
SU SY C 1 n
i
hX
X
1

s F
2
2
2
d d

=
MC 

4M

t
+
3M
M
S
Ms0 +
Mkt0
S
g
kr kr dr
dk
UV
4
t M 2 r=1
k=1
dk

2
X

Mku0

k=1
2 X
2
X
k=1 r=1

1
u Mu2k

2
hX
r=1

u
u

Skr
Skr
Mu2r

4Mg2

u +

3Mu2k

CUr (M2LR adk2 + M2LL bdk2 ) X d d 2

Sks Srs Mds
(t Md2 )(t Md2 ) s=1
k

(37)

2
2 X
2

X
CVr (M3RL auk2
+ M3RR buk2
) X u u 2 o
Sks Srs Mus ,
+
2
2
)
)(
u

M
(
u

M
u

r
k
s=1
k=1 r=1

respectively. From Eqs.(16),(17), (36) and (37), we obtain

and

2
QCD C 3 X

s F
=
(MV + MC )
(Mkt0 + Mku0 ),
4 k=1
UV

(38)

2
SU SY
s CF 3 X

=
(MV + MC )
(Mkt0 + Mku0 ).
4

UV

(39)

k=1

The UV divergences above cancel, as they must. The renormalized amplitude at one-loop
order is UV convergent



(MV + MC )

UV

= 0,

(40)

but it still contains infrared (IR) divergences:


 


2
4
s (1 ) 42r

2
M0 ,
MV  =
4 (1 2)
s

IR



s (1 ) 42r 1

MC  =
M0 ,
IR
4 (1 2)
s

and



(MV + MC )

IR

s (1 )
=
2 (1 2)

Here AV2 = CF and AV1 = 32 CF .

10

42r
s

 

AV2
AV1
+
2

(41)

(42)

M0 .

(43)

The O(s ) virtual corrections to the differential cross section can be expressed as

2 V
2
d

1
4r s (t u sM 2+ )[
=
s (Me+1 + Me02 )2 ]

e1
2
16
s (1 ) t u sM 2+
dt d
u

e1
i
hX

2
2

(MC + MV )M0 .
(
s + t + u Me+ Me0 )2Re

(44)

The IR divergences in Eq.(44) include both the soft and collinear divergences, which cancel
after adding the real emission corrections and absorbing divergences into the redefinition of
PDFs[19], as will be discussed below.

2.

REAL CORRECTIONS

The Feynman diagrams for the real emission corrections are shown in Figs.3 and 4.

+ u

u
ds

+ u

us
d

+
0

+ u

+
us

d
u

+ u

us
0

0
ds

ds

+ u

+ u

ds

+ u
0

+ u

ds

us

u
W

us
0

g
d

FIG. 3: The Feynman diagrams for the real corrections without squark resonances in chargino and
neutralino associated production.

11

u
g
d
g

us

ds

+ u

ds

d
g

us

+ u

u
ds

us
u

ds

us

0
d
+
0
u

0
us

us

+
d
0

d
ds
g

ds

+
u

FIG. 4: The Feynman diagrams for the real corrections with squark resonances in chargino and
neutralino associated production.

After calculating the relevant Feynman diagrams the amplitudes for the real gluon emission process
2)
u(p1 ) + d(p
e+
e02 (p4 ) + g(p5 )
1 (p3 ) +

(45)

(46)

and

u(p1 ) + g(p2)
e+
e02 (p4 ) + d(p5 )
1 (p3 ) +

(47)

can be written as

1 ) + g(p2)
d(p
e+
e02 (p4 ) + u(p5 )
1 (p3 ) +

and the real massless (anti)quark emission processes

MRG =

23
X
X

MRQ =

21
X
X

and

ab
ab
fRGn
MGn

(48)

ab
ab
fRQn
MQn
,

(49)

n=1 a,b=L,R

n=1 a,b=L,R

ab
ab
respectively. The explicit expressions for the form factors fRGn
and fRQn
and the standard
ab
ab
matrix elements MGn
and MQn
in Eqs.(48) and (49) are given in Appendix C.

The phase space integration for the real corrections will produce soft and collinear singularities, which can be conveniently isolated by slicing phase space into different regions using
suitable cutoffs. We used the two-cutoff phase space slicing method[20], which introduces
two arbitrarily small cutoffs, s and c , to decompose the three-body phase space into three
regions.

12

The parton level cross section for real gluon emission R contains both the soft and the
collinear singularities and, in general, can be written as

R =
S +
HC +
HC ,

(50)

where
S and HC are the contributions from the soft and the hard collinear regions, respectively, and
HC is the hard noncollinear par The explicit forms are described below.

In the soft limit the energy of the emitted gluon is small, i.e. E5 s s/2, and the
P
|MRG |2 can simply be factorized into the squared Born amplitude
squared amplitude

times an eikonal factor eik :

sof t

|MRG |2 (4s 2
r )

where the eikonal factor eik is given by

eik = CF

|M0 |2 eik ,

s
.
(p1 p5 )(p2 p5 )

(51)

(52)

The phase space in the soft limit also be factorizes:

sof t

dP S (3) (ud
e+
e02 g) dP S (2) (ud
e+
e02 )dS,
1
1

(53)

where dS is the integration over the phase space of the soft gluon which is given by[20]
1
dS =
2(2)32

s s/2

dE5 E512 d22 .

The parton level cross section in the soft region can then be expressed as
Z
Z
X
2
S
2
(2)
dSeik .
|M0|

= (4s r ) dP S

(54)

(55)

Using the approach in Ref.[20], after integration over the soft gluon phase space, Eq.(55)
becomes
S

=
with

s (1 )
2 (1 2)

42r
s

 

AS2
AS1
+
+ AS0 ),
2

(56)

AS2 = 2CF , AS1 = 4CF ln s , AS0 = 4CF ln2 s .

(57)

In the hard collinear region, E5 > s s/2 and c s < u1,2 (p1,2 p5 )2 < 0, the
emitted hard gluon is collinear to one of the partons. As a consequence of the factorization
theorems [21] , the squared amplitude for the gluon emission process (45) can be factorized
13

into the product of the squared Born amplitude and the Altarelli-Parisi splitting function[22]
u(d)g,

for u(d)
X

collinear

|MRG |2 (4s 2
r )

|M0 |2

 2P (z, ) 2P (z, ) 
uu
dd
+
.
z u1
z u2

(58)

u(d)
with the emitted
Here z denotes the fraction of the momentum carried by parton u(d)
gluon carrying a fraction (1 z) and Pij (z, ) are the unregulated splitting functions in
D = 4 2 dimensions for 0 < z < 1, which are related to the usual Altarelli-Parisi splitting
kernels [22] as follows: Pij (z, ) = Pij (z) + Pij (z). Explicitly
Puu (z) = Pdd(z) = CF

3
1 + z2
+ CF (1 z),
1z
2

(59)

and
1

Puu
(z) = Pdd(z) = CF (1 z) + CF (1 z).
2

(60)

The three-body phase space can also be factorized in the collinear limit and, for example,
in the limit c s < u1 < 0 it has the following form[20]:
collinear
dP S (3) (ud
e+
e02 g) dP S (2) (ud
e+
e02 ; s = z
s)
1
1

(4)
dzd
u1 [(1 z)
u1 ] .
16 2 (1 )
(61)

Here the two-body phase space is evaluated at a squared parton-parton energy z

s. The
three-body cross section in the hard collinear region is then given by[20]
h (1 )  42  i 1 
s
r

[Puu (z, )fu/A (x1 /z)fd/B

(x2 )
2 (1 2)
s
c
dz  1 z 
dx1 dx2 ,
+ Pdd(z, )fd/A
(x1 /z)fu/B (x2 ) + (A B)]
z
z

d HC =
B

(62)

where f (x) is a bare PDF.

After subtracting the soft and collinear region of the phase space, the remaining hard noncollinear part
HC is finite and can be numerically computed using Monte-Carlo integration
techniques[23]. The result and can be written in the form
d
HC =
where dP S

(3)

1X
(3)
|MRG |2 dP S ,
2
s

(63)

is the hard noncollinear region of the three-body phase space.

In addition to real gluon emission, other real emission corrections to the inclusive cross section for A+B
e
e02 at NLO involve the processes with an additional massless (anti)quark
1
14

in the final state. Since the contributions from real massless (anti)quark emission contain
initial state collinear singularities, we also need to use the two-cutoff phase space slicing
method [20] to isolate these collinear divergences. But we only split the phase space into
two regions since there are no soft divergences. Consequently, using the approach in Ref.[20],
the cross sections for the processes with an additional massless (anti)quark in the final state
can be expressed as
X
d add =

C (g
e+
e02 + X)[fg/A (x1 )f/B (x2 ) + (A B)]dx1 dx2
1

(=u,d)

h (1 )  42  i 1 
s
r

[Pug (z, )fg/A (x1 /z)fd/B

(x2 )
2 (1 2)
s
c
dz  1 z 
+ fu/A (x1 )Pdg
dx1 dx2 ,
(z, )fg/B (x2 /z) + (A B)]
z
z

+ d
B

where

(64)

1 2
2
Pug (z) = Pdg
(z) = [z + (1 z) ],
2

(65)

Pug
(z) = Pdg
(z) = z(1 z).

(66)

The first term in Eq.(64) represents the noncollinear cross section. The parton cross section

C can be written in the form

C

=
where dP S

(3)

1X
(3)
|MRQ |2 dP S ,
2
s

(67)

is the three-body phase space in the noncollinear region. The second term in

Eq.(64) represents the collinear singular cross sections.

3.

MASS FACTORIZATION AND NLO TOTAL CROSS SECTIONS

As mentioned above, after adding the renormalized virtual corrections and the real corrections the parton level cross sections still contain collinear divergences. These can be absorbed
into a redefinition of the PDFs at NLO, using mass factorization[22]. In practice this means
that first we convolute the parton cross sections with the bare PDFs f/H (x) (H = A, B)
and then use the renormalized PDFs f/H (x, f ) to replace f/H (x). In the MS convention
the scale-dependent PDFs f/H (x, f ) are given by [20]
"
! # Z
1
X  1  s (1 ) 42
dz +
r
P (z)f/H (x/z). (68)

f/H (x, f ) = f/H (x)+

2

2
(1

2)

z
x
f

15

This replacement produces a collinear singular counterterm which, when combined with the
hard collinear contributions,gives, as in Ref.[20], the O(s ) expression for the remaining
collinear contribution:


  n
s (1 ) 42r
coll
d
=
fu/A (x1 , f )fd/B
(x2 , f )
(x2 , f ) + fu/A (x1 , f )fd/B
2 (1 2)
s
 sc


A1
sc
+
B dx1 dx2 ,
(69)
+ A0 fu/A (x1 , f )fd/B
(x2 , f ) + (A B)

where
sc
sc
Asc
1 = CF (4 ln s + 3), A0 = A1 ln(

f(=u,d)/H
(x, f ) =

X Z

=g,

with

1s

s
),
2f

(70)

dy
f/H (x/y, f )Pe (y),
y

(71)

1 y s

Pe (y) = P (y) ln(c

) P
(y).
2
y f

is

(72)

Finally, the NLO total cross section for A + B

e+
e02 in the MS factorization scheme
1

N LO

X Z

,=u,d

X Z

=u,d

dx1 dx2

n

f/A (x1 , f )f/B (x2 , f ) (

+ + +

HC

) + coll


 C
e+
e02 X).
dx1 dx2 fg/A (x1 , f )f/B (x2 , f ) + (A B)
(g
1

(73)

Note that the expression above contains no singularities for 2AV2 + AS2 = 0 and 2AV1 + AS1 +
Asc
1 = 0.

4.

ON-SHELL SUBTRACTION

In the massless (anti)quark corrections there is resonance production of squarks, which

actually corresponds to squark and gaugino production at the LO followed by squark decay
to a gaugino and a quark, as shown in Fig.4. We used the method in Ref.[13] to subtract
their contributions. For example, consider a representative process
u + g u +
e02 ,
16

u
e+
1 + d,

(74)

which is shown as the first Feynman diagram in Fig.4. Using the Breit-Wigner propagator
1/(p2 m2 + im), the squared resonance matrix elements can be expressed as
|M|2 =

f (Q2 )
,
(Q2 Mu2 )2 + Mu2 2u

(75)

where Q2 = (pe+1 + pd )2 . After subtracting the contributions due to resonance production

the squared matrix element is
|M|2 =

f (Q2 )
f (Mu2 )

.
(Q2 Mu2 )2 + Mu2 2u (Q2 Mu2 )2 + Mu2 2u

(76)

This subtracted result avoids double counting and makes the numerical calculation more
stable since the resonance peaks are subtracted before the phase space integration. The
dependence on the squark widths will be discussed in Sec. IV.

5.

NLO TOTAL CROSS SECTIONS IN BOTH DREG AND DRED SCHEMES

In our calculations we used the DREG scheme. However, this scheme is not appropriate
for SUSY models because it violates supersymmetry. To restore supersymmetry we modified
the Yukawa coupling at the one loop level as shown in Eq.(14).
The real corrections and NLO total cross sections in the DREG scheme have been given
above. Next we show the corresponding results in the DRED scheme. The contributions
from soft gluon emission remain the same, but in addition to the the modified Yukawa
couplings those from hard collinear gluon emission and massless (anti)quark emission are
also different. These differences arise from the splitting functions and the PDFs.
First, note the LO amplitude in the DREG scheme with modified Yukawa couplings
(DREGM) is different from that in the DRED scheme:
MDREGM
0

MDRED
0

2
s CF X
=
(Mkt0 + Mku0 ).
4 k=1

(77)

Here, and below, the LO amplitudes and cross sections in the right hand side of equations
are all in 4-dimensions, and their Yukawa couplings are not modified. Calculating the virtual
corrections in the DRED scheme one finds that ZLf , ZRf , Zeijqe and Mqe2 remain the same
as in the DREG scheme. Thus

= 0.
MDRED
MDREGM
C
C
17

(78)

However, the unrenormalized amplitudes MV differ:

MDREGM
MDRED
=
V
V

s CF
Ms0.
4

(79)

From Eqs.(77), (78) and (79), one finds the following relations:
(M0 + MV + MC )DREGM (M0 + MV + MC )DRED =
(
B +
V )DREGM (
B +
V )DRED =

s CF
M0 ,
4

s CF B

+ O(s2 ).
2

(80)
(81)

Second, note the splitting functions in the DRED scheme have no dependence on :
Pij (z, )DRED = Pij (z).

(82)

From Eqs. (69) and (82), one finds

(

coll DREGM

coll DRED

Z
s n X 1s u dy

=
f/A (x1 /y, f )Pu
(y)fd/B
(x2 , f )
2 x1
y

X Z 1s d
dy

+
f/B (x2 /y, f )Pd
(y)fu/A (x1 , f )
y
x2

o
+ (A B)
B dx1 dx2 + O(s2 ).

(83)

Third, note the PDFs in the DRED and DREG schemes are related[24]:
Z
s X 1 dy
DREG
DRED
P (x/y)f/A,B (y, f )DRED . (84)
f/A,B (x, f )
= f/A,B (x, f )
+
2 x y
Substituting into the formula for the Born cross section we obtain an additional difference
at O(s ) arising from the PDFs:
B DREGM

( )

B DRED

( )

Z
s n X 1 dy
DRED

=
f/A (x1 /y, f )DRED Pu
(y)fd/B
(x2 , f )
2 x1 y
X Z 1 dy

DRED
+
f/B (x2 /y, f )DRED Pd
(y)fu/A (x1 , f )
y
x2

o
+ (A B)
B dx1 dx2 .

(85)

Finally note that Eqs. (83) and (85) are very similar except for the limits on the integral
over y. Substituting Eqs. (81), (83) and (85) into Eq. (73), we obtain the following relations
18

for the NLO total cross sections in two schemes:

Z
s n X 1
dy
N LO DREGM
N LO DRED

(
)
(
)
=
f/A (x1 /y, f )Pu
(y)fd/B
(x2 , f )
2 1s u y
XZ 1
dy

(86)
+
f/B (x2 /y, f )Pd
(y)fu/A (x1 , f )
y
1

s d

o
s CF B
+ O(s2 ).
+ (A B)
B dx1 dx2
2
Using the explicit expressions, including the dependece, for the splitting functions P , one
finds
( N LO )DREGM ( N LO )DRED = O(s2 ).

(87)

Therefore, the NLO total cross sections in the two schemes are the same at NLO.

III.

THRESHOLD RESUMMATION

Here we briefly summarize the basic formalism for threshold resummation Refs. [25, 26,
27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32]. Using pair inclusive (PIM) kinematics the invariant mass differential
cross section can be written as
Z
XZ 1
2
dz
dxa dxb fa/A (xa , f )fb/B (xb , f )(z
(S, Q ) =

a,b

where
=

Q2
,
S

d
,
dQ2

ab =

d
ab
,
dQ2

z=

Q2
)
ab (z, Q2 ),
xa xb S

(88)

Q2
,
s

(89)

and Q2 is the invariant mass of the chargino and neutralino. The differential cross section

ab contains large logarithmic terms sn [lnm (1z)/(1z)]+ , which come from the incomplete
cancelation between real gluon emission and virtual gluon corrections. In the region z 1
(Q2 s) these large logarithms have to be resummed to all orders in s .

In order to calculate the hard-scattering function

ab we consider the IR regularized cross
section for parton-parton scattering which factorizes:
Z 1
Z
ab =
dz
dxa dxb a/a (xa , f )b/b (xb , f )(z

Q2
)
ab (z, Q2 ),
xa xb S

(90)

where a/a and b/b are the flavor diagonal parton distributions in partons. Using a Mellin
transformation with respect to the convolution in Eq.(90) can be simplified as the product
ab (N),

ab (N) = a/a (N)b/b (N)

19

(91)

where

(N) =
a/a (N) =
b/b (N) =
and
=

d N 1 ( ),

(92)

dx xN 1 a/a (x),

(93)

dx xN 1 b/b (x),

(94)

dz z N 1
(z).

(95)

ab turn out to be n lnm N and z 1 corresponds to

Here the large logarithmic terms in
s
N . The next step is to resum the logarithms of N.
In order to separate the soft gluon effects from the short distance hard scattering we can
factorize the differential cross section into the form

ab (N) = a/a (N)b/b (N)

ab ab
HIJ
SJI (

IJ

Q
),
Nf

(96)

where I, J are color indices, HIJ describes the short distance hard scattering and SJI is
a soft gluon function associated with noncollinear soft gluons. The explicit definitions of
HIJ and SJI can be found in Ref.[25]. The s are the center-of-mass parton distribution
functions in which the universal collinear singularities associated with the initial partons are
absorbed.
From Eq.(91) and Eq.(96) we have

ab = a/a b/b T r[H S].

a/a b/b

(97)

After resumming the terms with the N dependence we obtain the exponentiated differential cross section in the space of moments [25, 26]:
"
#
"
X
X Z
EXP
(fi )

= exp
E (N) exp
2
ab

"i
X

d
i(s (2 ))

# (

d
exp
2ds
(s (2 )) T r H ab (s (2r ))

r
#
"iZ
Q/N

d ab
(S ) (s (2 )) Sab (1, s (Q2 /N 2 ))
P exp

Q
#)
"Z
Q/N
d ab
S (s (2 ))
,
P exp

Q
20

(98)

where ds is a constant and its definition is given in Ref.[27]. P and P denote path ordering
in the same sense as the integration variable and in the opposite sense, respectively. The
first exponent in Eq.(98) resums the collinear and soft gluon emission from initial partons
in the hard scattering and is given in the modified minimal subtraction (MS) scheme by
(Z 2
)
Z 1
f
N 1
2
z

1
d
1
E (fi ) (N) =
dz
A(fi ) [s (2 )] + (fi ) [s ((1 z)2 Q2 )] ,
2
1z
2
0
(1z)2 Q2
(99)
with


s 1  s 2
,
A (s ) = Cf
+ K



5
67 2
nf ,

K = CA
18
6
9
(fi )

(100)
(101)

(fi ) = 2Cf (s /)[1 ln(2v(fi ) )],

(102)

v(fi ) = (i n
)2 /|
n|2 ,
p
i = pi 2/
s,

(103)
(104)

where i is the particle velocity, n

is the axial gauge vector, Nc is the number of colors, and
nf is the flavor number of light quarks. Cf = CF = (Nc2 1)/(2Nc ) for initial quarks and
Cf = CA = Nc for initial gluons. In Eq.(98) i is the anomalous dimension of and is given
at one loop by q = 3CF s /4 for quarks and g = 0 s / for gluons. The function is
defined as

with

X
s
1 d ln g
=
n ( )(n+2) ,
(s ) =
2 d

n=0

(105)

0 = (11CA 2nf )/12,

(106)

1 = (17CA2 5CA nf 3CF nf )/24.

(107)

S in Eq.(98) is the soft anomalous dimension matrix[26], which can be derived from the
eikonal diagrams as shown in Fig.5, and is given by
S =

s CF
[2 ln 2 ln(v(u) v(d)
) + 2 2i].
2

(108)

Next Eq.(98) at NLL can be written in the simplified form

N LL =
0 Cab (s ) exp [X(N, s )] ,

ab
21

(109)

q
FIG. 5: The one-loop eikonal diagram for chargino and neutralino associated production.

with
0 =

d N 1
0,

(110)

+ g2 (),
X(N, s ) = g1 () ln N
g1 () =

g2 () =

(111)

CF
[2 + (1 2) ln(1 2)],
0

(112)

CF 1
1
CF K
[2 + ln(1 2) + ln2 (1 2)]
[2 + ln(1 2)]
3
0
2
202
Q2 CF
Q2
CF
2 ln 2 ,
+ [2 + ln(1 2)] ln 2
0
r
0
f

(113)

= N exp(E ), E is the Euler

where
0 = d
0 /dQ2 is the Born differential cross section, N
/.
constant, and = 0 s ln N
The function Cab can be expanded as
Cab (s ) = 1 +


X
s n
n=1

(n)

Cab .

(114)

By matching the moments of the NLO cross section[30] we obtain the function Cab in
(1)

(1)

Eq.(109) at the NLO. The contributions to the first term Cab Cab s / in the expansion
above come from the constant terms in the moments of the differential cross section, which
are primarily the coefficients of the (1 z) terms in the differential cross sections. The
other terms come from the Mellin transformations of the logarithms depending on z.
As shown in Eqs.(38), (39) and (40) in Sec. II, the divergences from QCD and SUSY
QCD corrections cancel each other. Therefore, combining the contributions from real gluon

22

(1)

corrections and PDF renormalization, the QCD contributions to Cab are given by
(1)
Cab

with
fQCD =
M
V

fQCD M ) s CF  2
2Re(M
1
42r
0
V
+
+
(2
ln
2E + 3)
|M0 |2
2
2

Q2
42 2
Q2
42
3E + 3 ln 2
+(ln 2 r E )2 + 3 ln 2 r +
Q
Q
6
f

2
2 ln Q2
4 ln N
f
Q2
2
+
,
+4 ln N 4 ln 2 ln N

f
N

24

X
X h

ab
ab
ab
fQCDV n + fQCDCn + ( fSU SY V n 

UV

n=1 a,b=L,R


ab
fSU
SY Cn 
UV

i

Mnab .

(115)

(116)

Here the terms of order O(ln N/N)

and O(ln(Q2 /2 )/N) are included.

In order to more completely include the behavior of the full towers of logarithms[28]
Eq.(109) is modified:
N LL
0 exp[C (1) (s )] exp [X(N, s )] .

ab
=
ab

(117)

To obtain the physical cross section we perform the inverse Mellin transformation,
Z C+i
1
dN N
(N).
(118)
( ) =
2i Ci
where the minimal prescription is used[32].
To improve the convergence of the integration in Eq.(118) we adopt the methods in
Ref.[29]. First, we rotate the contour by an angle with respect to the real axis and
parameterize it in the form
N = C + z expi ,

(119)

where the upper (lower) sign applies to the upper (lower) half plane 0 z ( z 0).
Then we rewrite the inverse transformation convolution:
Z
X
ab (N)
1

( ) =
dN N
[(N 1)fa (N)][(N 1)fb (N)]
,
2i CN
(N 1)2
a,b

(120)

ab /(N
where CN represents the modified contour. The inverse Mellin transformation of

1)2 ,

1
Yab (z) =
2i

dNz N

CN

23

ab (N)

,
(N 1)2

(121)

is well behaved near the region z 1 due to the suppression by the factor 1/(N 1)2 . The
inverse Mellin transformation of (N 1)fi (N) is then
1
2i

CN

dNxN (N 1)fi (N) =

Finally,
( ) =

XZ
a,b

dz
z

/z

d
[xfi (x)] = Fi (x).
dx

dx

Fa (x)Fb ( )Yab (z).

x
xz

(122)

(123)

And after integrating over the invariant mass Q2 in the differential cross section and inserting
the terms ignored in the Mellin transformation we obtain the resummed total cross section

 N LL 



RES
N LO
N LL
N LL 

=
+

s
.
(124)
s =0
s
s =0
IV.

NUMERICAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

In the numerical calculations the following SM input parameters were chosen[9, 10]:
Mt = 170.9GeV[10], (MZ )1 = 127.918, s (MZ ) = 0.1176,
MW = 80.403GeV,

MZ = 91.1876GeV.

(125)

The masses of the light quarks were neglected. The running QCD coupling s was evaluated
at the two-loop level[33] and the CTEQ6.5M PDFs [34] were used to calculate the various
cross sections, either at LO or at NLO. As for the renormalization and factorization scales,
q
we chose r = f = Qe1 e02 (pe1 + pe02 )2 , unless specified otherwise.

Using the program package SPheno[35] the MSSM spectrum, including the widths of the

squarks, was calculated in the mSUGRA scenario in which there are five input parameters:
the ratio of Higgs-field vacuum expectation values (VEVs) tan , the common scalar mass
m0 , the common gaugino mass m1/2 , the trilinear coupling A0 , and the sign of the Higgs
mixing parameter . The value of A0 does not significantly affect our numerical results so
we put A0 = 0 and, based on the analysis in the literature [2, 36], focused on > 0.

24

TABLE I: The dependence of the chargino mass Me and the neutralino mass Me02 on the top
1

quark mass Mt . The masses were calculated using SPheno[35] for tan = 5, m0 = 200GeV, and
m1/2 = 250GeV.
Mt /GeV

Me /GeV

Me02 /GeV

170.9

188.506

189.915

176.1

190.609

191.779

180.1

191.978

193.003

Table I shows the dependence of the chargino mass Me1 and the neutralino mass Me02 on
top quark mass Mt . We see that the chargino and neutralino masses depend slightly on top
quark mass due to the fact that they are calculated using the SUSY renormalization group
evolution (RGE). The explicit expressions for the total cross sections for the associated
production of a chargino and a neutralino are independent of Mt as shown in Sec. II and
Sec. III. Thus the top quark mass Mt only enters in the SUSY RGE.
TABLE II: The NLO total cross sections for different squark widths (e
q ) using and not using
on-shell subtraction, respectively.

N
e+
e02 )/pb
1
LO (pp

N LO (pp
e+
e02 )/pb
1

0.825

0.653

0.5

1.006

0.661

(e
q )/0 (e
q)
2

0.734

0.650

Table II shows the NLO total cross sections for

e+
e02 production at the LHC, using on1

shell subtraction, (N LO (pp

e+
e02 )), or not, (N
e+
e02 )), for different squark
1
1
LO (pp

widths (e
q ), assuming tan = 5, m0 = 200GeV and m1/2 = 250GeV. The squark widths,

which were calculated using SPheno[35], are 0 (e

q ). Table II shows that the variation in

N
e+
e02 ) is about 26% while the variation in N LO (pp
e+
e02 ) is only about 2%.
1
1
LO (pp

Obviously, using on-shell subtraction reduces the dependence on the squark widths.
To present the resummation effects we defined the following quantities:
RES N LO
,
N LO
dRES dN LO
.
Kd =
dN LO
K =

25

(126)
(127)

These represent the threshold resummation effects relative to the NLO cross sections.
We present the numerical results for both
e+
e02 and
e
e02 production at the LHC, but
1
1

show only those for

e+
e02 production at the Tevatron since these cross sections are different
1
at the LHC but the same at the Tevatron.

In Fig.15 we chose
e+
e02 production at the LHC as an example to show that it is reasonable
1

to use the two-cutoff phase space slicing method in the NLO calculations, i.e. the dependence

of the NLO predictions on the arbitrary cutoffs s and c is indeed very weak, as shown in
Ref.[20]. Here other includes the contributions from the Born cross section and the virtual
corrections, which are cutoff independent. Both the soft plus hard collinear contributions
and the hard noncollinear contributions depend strongly on the cutoffs. However, these two
contributions in (sof t + hardcoll + virtual and hardnoncoll ) nearly cancel, especially for the
cutoff s between 5 105 and 103 , where the final results for N LO are almost independent

of the cutoffs and very near 7.1pb. Therefore, we will take s = 104 and c = s /100 in the
numerical calculations below.
Using the same parameters we reproduced the results in Ref.[5] as shown in Fig.16, which
provides a check on our calculations. However, our results are not exactly the same as the
results in Ref.[5] because the masses calculated using SPheno[35] are different from those in
Ref.[5].
Fig.17 shows the total cross sections as a function of tan , assuming m1/2 = 150GeV,

for m0 = 200GeV and 1000GeV. The general shapes of the cross sections are similar. The
main difference is that the absolute values of the total cross sections are different.
e+
e02
1

production at the LHC has the largest cross section. In general, the total cross sections at
the LHC are a few pb while those at the Tevatron are hundreds of fb. Fig.17 also shows that
the total cross sections for large tan (> 10) are almost independent of tan while those for
small tan (< 10) decrease with the increasing tan especially for m0 = 200GeV. We note
that the contributions from the resummation effects do not change the shapes of the curves
very much.
With the same parameters as in Fig.17 the resummation effects K are presented in Fig.18
as a function of tan for m0 = 200GeV and 1000GeV. Note that K is almost independent

of tan for large tan (> 10) and there are larger resummation effects for m0 = 1000GeV
than for m0 = 200GeV. However, K at the LHC decreases with the increasing tan for
e02 production is
m0 = 200GeV and tan < 10. Fig.18 shows that K at the LHC for
e
1
26

larger than that for

e+
e02 production and K at the Tevatron is larger than at the LHC. For
1

m0 = 1000GeV the resummation effects can reach about 4% at the LHC and about 4.7% at
the Tevatron.

Fig.19 shows the total cross sections as a function of m1/2 assuming m0 = 200GeV and
tan = 5. As m1/2 varies from 150GeV to 250GeV Me02 increases from 101GeV to 190GeV
and Mue1 increases from 406GeV to 599GeV, respectively. And the total cross sections
decrease rapidly with the increasing of m1/2 . For example, when m1/2 > 240GeV the total
cross sections are less than 1pb and 100fb at the LHC and Tevatron, respectively. Note that
the total cross section for
e+
e02 production at the LHC is the largest while
e+
e02 production
1
1

at the Tevatron is the smallest.

With the same parameters as in Fig.19 the resummation effects K are shown in Fig.20

as a function of m1/2 . At the LHC the resummation effects increase with the decreasing of
m1/2 , reaching 3.3% for m1/2 = 150GeV. At the Tevatron K increases with the increasing
m1/2 , reaching 4.9% for m1/2 = 250GeV. We also find that the smallest resummation effects
K at the Tevatron for m1/2 = 150GeV are about 3.8%, which is larger that at the LHC for
all values of m1/2 .
Fig.21 shows the total cross sections as a function of m0 assuming m1/2 = 150GeV and
tan = 5. As m0 varies from 100GeV to 1000GeV, Me1 increases from 96GeV to 116GeV
and Me02 increases from 100GeV to 117GeV, respectively. The total cross sections decrease
with the increasing m0 for m0 > 300GeV. However, note that the total cross section for

e+
e02 production at the LHC is independent of m0 for m0 < 300GeV.
1

With the same parameters as in Fig.21 the resummation effects K are presented in

Fig.22 as a function of m0 . The resummation effects increase at both the LHC and the
Tevatron as m0 increases. For m0 = 1000GeV the resummation effects reach 3.9% at the
LHC and 4.7% at the Tevatron. The total cross sections increase rapidly with the increasing
m0 for m0 < 500GeV while they become independent of m0 when m0 > 900GeV.
e02 production at the LHC and the
Figs.23 and 24 show the total cross section for
e+
1

Tevatron, respectively, as functions of the renormalization scale r and the factorization

scale f , and for r = f , assuming m1/2 = 250GeV, m0 = 200GeV and tan = 5. The r

dependence in the LO cross sections at both colliders is increased by the NLO corrections
and the r dependence is slightly decreased by the resummation effects. The f dependence
in the LO cross sections at the LHC (Tevatron) is decreased by the NLO corrections and is
27

further increased (decreased) by the resummation effects. However, setting f = r = scale ,

the resummation effects reduce the scale dependence at NLO. In fact, from Fig.23 it can be
seen that the renormalization/factorization scale dependence of the total cross sections at
the LHC(Tevatron) is reduced to 5% (4%) with the threshold resummation from up to 7%
(11%) at NLO.
Figs.25 and 26 present the differential cross sections as a function of the invariant mass
Qe1 e02 assuming m1/2 = 150GeV and tan = 5 for m0 = 200GeV and 1000GeV, respectively.
We see that the maximum in the differential cross section occurs at about Qe1 e02 = 230GeV
and 280GeV for m0 = 200GeV and 1000GeV, respectively, and the differential cross sections
decrease rapidly with the increasing Qe1 e02 . The NLO corrections change the shapes of
the differential cross sections, especially for Qe1 e02 < 300GeV. The threshold resummation
effects enhance the NLO differential cross sections more at moderate values of Qe1 e02 and
much less so at low or high values of Qe1 e02 .
Fig.27 shows Kd as a function of the invariant mass. In general, after slightly decreasing,
Kd increases more rapidly for m0 = 200GeV than that for m0 = 1000GeV. The resummation effects are significant for large invariant mass. For example, for m0 = 200GeV,
Kd is larger than 18% and 35% at the LHC and Tevatron for Qe1 e02 > 5000GeV and
Qe1 e02 > 1200GeV, respectively. However, in general, K is only a few percent as shown in
Figs.18, 20 and 22.

V.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, we have calculated the QCD effects in the associated production of

e
e02 in
1

the MSSM within the mSUGRA scenario at both the Tevatron and the LHC, including the
NLO SUSY QCD corrections and the NLL threshold resummation effects. Our results show

that, compared to the NLO predictions, the threshold resummation effects can increase the
total cross sections by 3.6% and 3.9% for the associated production of
e+
e02 and
e
e02 at
1
1

e02 at the Tevatron. In

the LHC, respectively, and 4.7% for the associated production of
e
1
the invariant mass distributions the resummation effects are significant for large invariant

mass. The renormalization/factorization scale dependence of the total cross sections at the
LHC (Tevatron) is reduced to 5% (4%) with threshold resummation from up to 7% (11%)
at NLO.
28

Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,
under grants No. 10421503, No. 10575001 and No. 10635030, and the Key Grant Project
of Chinese Ministry of Education under grant No. 305001 and the Specialized Research
Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education, and the U.S. Department of Energy,
Division of High Energy Physics, under Grant No. DE-FG02-91-ER4086.

APPENDIX A

In this appendix we summarize[37] the SUSY vertexes involved in our calculations.

1. The chargino-neutralino-W vertex is

with

ij

ij
ij
Le+ e0 W = e
+
e0j (Aij
0j W+
+
i (AL PL + AR PR )e
i W ,
L PL + AR PR )e

where gW

(A1)

Vi2 Zj4
Aij
Vi1 Zj2 ),
(A2)
L = gW (
2
Ui2 Zj3
Aij
+ Ui1 Zj2 ),
(A3)
R = gW (
2
= e/ sin W , PL = (1 5 )/2 and PR = (1 + 5 )/2. W is the weak mixing

angle. Z is the neutralino mixing matrix while V and U are the chargino mixing
matrixes. The chargino index is i(= 1, 2) and the neutralino index is j(= 1, 2, 3, 4).
12
Also we define AL = A12
L and AR = AR .
+
i

+
i
W+

ij
: i (Aij
L PL + AR PR )

0j

ij
: i (Aij
L PL + AR PR )

0j
FIG. 6: The Feynman rules for the chargino-neutralino-W vertex.

2. The chargino-quark-squark vertex is

c

e
si e+ PL udes CVsi dPR
e+
e+c
es CVsi
e+
us ,
Le+ qeq = CUsi uPR
i d s CU
i
i u
i PL de
29

(A4)

with
de
,
CUsi = gW Vud Ui1 Rs1

(A5)

u
e
CVsi = gW Vud Vi1 Rs1
,

(A6)

where Vud is the (u,d) component of the CKM matrix and Rqe is the squark mixing
matrix. s(= 1, 2) is the index of the relevant squarks in the mass eigenstates and
i(= 1, 2) is the chargino index. We define C s = C s1 and C s = C s1 .
U

u
+
i

+
i

: iCUsiPR

ds

ds

d
+c
i

+c
i

: iCVsiPR

us

: iCUsiPL

: iCVsiPL

us
FIG. 7: The Feynman rules for the chargino-quark-squark vertex.

3. The neutralino-quark-squark vertex is

where

e
e
e
e
Le0 qeq = e
0j (aqsj
PL + bqsj
PR + bqsj
PR )qe
qs q(aqsj
PL )e
0j qes ,
e
aqsj
=

and

(A7)

qe
q
q
2gW Rs1
[(eq I3L
) tan W Zj1 + I3L
Zj2 ],

(A8)

qe
e
Zj1 .
bqsj
= 2gW eq tan W Rs2

(A9)

q
eq and I3L
is the electric charge and the third component of the weak isospin of the

left-handed quark q.

30

q
qs

qs

: i(bqsj
PL + aqsj
PR )

0j

: i(aqsj
PL + bqsj
PR )

0j
FIG. 8: The Feynman rules for the neutralino-quark-squark vertex.

4. The squark-Higgs vertex is

mn
mn
mn
mn
Lqeqe H(G) = DH
um dn H DH
um dn H + DG
um dn G DG
um dn G+ ,

where

and

(A10)

mn
u

d
DH
= gW Vud Rm1
Rn1
sin(2)MW / 2,

(A11)

d
mn
u

cos(2)MW / 2.
DG
= gW Vud Rm1
Rn1

(A12)

m and n are the indices of the relevant squarks in the mass eigenstates.
um

um
H

mn
: iDH

dn

dn

um

um
H+

G+

mn
: iDH

dn

mn
: iDG

mn
: iDG

dn
FIG. 9: The Feynman rules for the squark-Higgs vertex.

5. The squark-W vertex is

mn
mn
Lqeqe W = iDW
[dn ( um ) ( dn )
um ]W + iDW
[
um ( dn ) ( um )dn ]W+ , (A13)

31

where

d
mn
u

/ 2.
DW
= gW Vud Rm1
Rn1

um

(A14)

um
p

W
:

mn
iDW
(p

+ k)

W+

mn
: iDW
(p + k)

dn

dn

FIG. 10: The Feynman rules for the squark-W vertex. p and k are the four-momenta of u
m and
dn in direction of the charge flow, respectively.

6. The chargino-neutralino-Higgs vertex is

H
H
G
G
Le+ e0 H(G) =
e+
0j H +
e+
0j G+
i [(CR )ij PL + (CL )ij PR ]e
i [(CR )ij PL + (CL )ij PR ]e

e0j [(CLH )ij PL + (CRH )ij PR ]e

+
e0j [(CLG )ij PL + (CRG )ij PR ]e
+
i H
i G ,

(A15)

where
Vi2
(CLH )ij = gW cos (Vi1 Zj4 + (tan W Zj1 + Zj2)),
2
Ui2
(CRH )ij = gW sin (Ui1 Zj3 (tan W Zj1 + Zj2)),
2
Vi2
(CLG )ij = gW sin (Vi1 Zj4 + (tan W Zj1 + Zj2 )),
2

(A16)
(A17)
(A18)

and

We define CLH

Ui2
(CRG )ij = gW cos (Ui1 Zj3 (tan W Zj1 + Zj2)).
2
H
H
H
G
= (C )12 , C = (C )12 , C = (C G )12 , and C G = (C G )12 .
L

(A19)

7. The SUSY QCD sector of the four-squark vertex is

where

1
a a
Lqeqeqeqe = gS2 Trs
Ttu Sij Skl qejr qeis qelt qeku
2


Sij = Ri1
Rj1 Ri2
Rj2 .

32

(A20)

(A21)

+
i

+
i
H

: i[(CLH )ij PL + (CRH )ij PR)

0j

0j

+
i

+
i
G

: i[(CLG)ij PL + (CRG)ij PR )

0j

H+

: i[(CRH )ij PL + (CLH )ij PR )

G+

: i[(CRG)ij PL + (CLG)ij PR)

0j
FIG. 11: The Feynman rules for the chargino-neutralino-Higgs vertex.

and represent the flavors of the relevant squarks. Here i, j, k and l are the relevant
squark indices. r, s, t and u are the color indices of the relevant squarks.

qk

ql
u
s

qi

a a
a a
: igS2 [Trs
Ttu Sij Skl + Tru
Tts Sil Skj ]

r
qj

FIG. 12: The Feynman rules for the SUSY QCD interaction of the four-squark vertex.

8. The squark-gluon vertex is

a

Lqeqeg = igS Trs

ij Ga [e
qj,r
( qei,s ) ( qej,r
)e
qi,s ].

(A22)

Here i and j are the indices of the relevant squarks in the mass eigenstates. r and s
are the color indices of the relevant squarks.
9. The quark-squark-gluino vertex is

a
qe
qe
qe
qe
a

[q r (Ri1
PR Ri2
PL Ri2
PL )
g a qei,s + g (Ri1
PR )qr qei,s
].
Lqeqg = 2gS Trs

Here i is the mass eigenstate index and s is the color index of the squark.
33

(A23)

qi
k
p

a,

a
: igS Trs
ij (p + k)

qj

FIG. 13: The Feynman rules for the squark-gluon vertex. p and k are the relevant four-momenta
of squark qe in direction of the charge flow.

qi

q
r

q
q
a
PR )
PL Ri2
(Ri1
: i 2gS Trs

qi

q
q
a
: i 2gS Trs
PL )
PR Ri2
(Ri1

a
g

FIG. 14: The Feynman rules for the quark-squark-gluino vertex.

APPENDIX B

In this appendix, for simplicity, we introduce the following abbreviations for the
Passarino-Veltman two-point integrals Bi , three-point integrals Ci(j) , and four-point integrals Di(j) , which are defined as in Ref.[17] except that we use internal masses squared as
arguments:
Bia = Bi (Me2+ , 0, Md2s ),
1

Bib

Bi (Me20 , 0, Md2s ),
2

Bic = Bi (t, 0, Md2s ),

Bid = Bi (Me2+ , 0, Mu2s ),
1

Bie = Bi (
u, 0, Mu2s ),
Bif = Bi (Me20 , 0, Mu2s ),
2

Big

= Bi (0, Mg2 , Mu2s ),

Bih = Bi (Me2+ , 0, Md2m ),

1

Bii = Bi (t, 0, Mg2 ),

Bij = Bi (0, Mg2 , Md2s ),
Bik = Bi (
u, Mg2 , 0),

34

Bil = Bi (
s, 0, 0),
Bim = Bi (Me20 , 0, Mu2m ),
2

Bin

= Bi (
u, 0, Mg2 ),

Bip = Bi (0, Mu2k , Mg2 ),

Biq = Bi (0, Md2k , Mg2 ),
Bir = Bi (Md2s , 0, Mg2 ),
Bis = Bi (Mu2s , 0, Mg2 ),
Bit = Bi (Md2s , 0, Md2s ),
Biu = Bi (Mu2s , 0, Mu2s ),
a
Ci(j)
= Ci(j) (0, s, 0, 0, 0, 0),
b
Ci(j)
= Ci(j) (0, Me2+ , t, 0, 0, Md2s ),
1

c
Ci(j)

Ci(j) (0, Me20 , t, 0, 0, Md2s ),

2

d
Ci(j)
= Ci(j) (
s, Me20 , Me2+ , 0, 0, Mu2s ),
2

e
Ci(j)

f
Ci(j)
=

Ci(j) (
s, Me2+ , Me20 , 0, 0, Md2s ),
2
1
Ci(j) (0, Me2+ , u
, 0, 0, Mu2s ),
1

g
Ci(j)
= Ci(j) (0, Me20 , u
, 0, 0, Mu2s ),
2

h
Ci(j)

= Ci(j) (t, 0, Me2+ , 0, Mg2 , Mu2m ),

1

i
Ci(j)
= Ci(j) (0, s, 0, Mg2 , Mu2s , Md2m ),
j
Ci(j)
= Ci(j) (
u, Me2+ , 0, Mg2 , 0, Md2m ),
1

k
Ci(j)

l
Ci(j)

Ci(j) (
u, Me2+ , 0, Mg2 , 0, Md2m ),
1
2
Ci(j) (
u, Me0 , 0, Mg2 , 0, Mu2m ),
2

m
Ci(j)
= Ci(j) (t, Me20 , 0, Mg2 , 0, Md2m ),
2

a
Di(j)

= Di(j) (0, s, Me2+ , t, 0, Me20 , 0, 0, 0, Md2s ),

2

b
Di(j)
= Di(j) (0, s, Me20 , u
, 0, Me2+ , 0, 0, 0, Mu2s ),
2

c
Di(j)

Di(j) (
u, Me20 , s, 0, 0, Me2+ , Mg2 , 0, Mu2s , Md2m ),
2
1

d
Di(j)
= Di(j) (t, 0, s, Me20 , Me2+ , 0, 0, Mg2 , Mu2s , Md2m ),
2

Many of the above functions contain soft and/or collinear singularities, but all the
Passarino-Veltman integrals can be reduced[38] to the scalar functions B0 , C0 and D0 .
And the explicit expressions for these singular scalar functions have been calculated previously in a different context[39]. The remaining IR finite functions can be calculated by
LoopTools[15].

35

APPENDIX C

In this appendix we collect the explicit expressions for the nonzero form factors in
Eqs.(15)-(49). The standard matrix elements in Eqs.(15)-(35) for the subprocess

are defined as follows:

2)
u(p1) + d(p
e+
e02 (p4 ),
1 (p3 ) +

(C1)

M1ab = v2 Pa u1 u4 Pb v3 ,
M2ab = v1 Pa v3 v2 Pb v4 ,
M3ab = v2 Pa v3 u4 Pb u1 ,
M4ab = v2 Pa v4 u3 Pb u1 ,
M5ab = v2 Pa v3 u4 Pb 6 p2 u1 ,

M6ab = v2 Pa v3 u4 Pb 6 p2 6 p3 u1 ,
M7ab = v2 Pa v3 u4 Pb 6 p3 u1 ,

M8ab = v2 Pa v4 u3 Pb 6 p2 u1 ,

M9ab = u4 Pa u1 v2 Pb 6 p1 v3 ,

ab
M10
= u3 Pa u1 v2 Pb 6 p1 v4 ,

ab
M11
= v2 Pa 6 p1 v3 u4 Pb 6 p2 u1 ,
ab
M12
= u4 Pa u1 v2 Pb 6 p1 v3 ,

ab
M13
= u3 Pa u1 v2 Pb 6 p1 v4 ,

ab
M14
= v2 Pa 6 p1 v4 u3 Pb 6 p2 u1 ,
ab
M15
= v2 Pa v3 u4 Pb 6 p2 u1 ,
ab
M16
= v2 Pa v3 u4 Pb u1 ,

ab
M17
= v2 Pa v4 u3 Pb u1 ,
ab
M18
= v2 Pa v4 u3 Pb 6 p2 u1 ,

ab
= v2 Pa v3 u4 Pb u1 ,
M19
ab
M20
= v2 Pa v4 u3 Pb u1 ,
ab
M21
= v2 Pa u1 u4 Pb v3 ,

ab
M22
= v2 Pa u1 u4 Pb 6 p1 v3 ,

ab
M23
= u4 Pa v3 v2 Pb 6 p3 u1 ,

ab
M24
= v2 Pa 6 p3 u1u4 Pb 6 p1 v3 ,

where a and b are the left-hand index L or right-hand index R, while ui = u(pi) and
vi = v(pi) are the spinors of the particle with momentum pi .
36

The nonzero form factors in Eqs.(15)-(35) are the following:

AR DL s
RR
a
fQCDV
2B0l + 2
sC0a + 4C00
+ 2
sC1a + 2
sC2a + 1
1 =
2
3 (
s MW )


A
L DL s
a
RL
2B0l + 2
sC0a + 4C00
+ 2
sC1a + 2
sC2a + 1
fQCDV
1 =
2
3 (
s MW )
2
X ad C s s n

s2 U
LR
M 2 )B0b + 4tB0c + 4tB1c + (t M 2 ) (
s + 4t + u
(
t
fQCDV 2 =
ds
ds
M 2 )2
3(
t
s=1
ds
i
o
2
2
s + u Me2+ )(C0c + C1c ) + A0 (Md2s )
Me+ 2Me0 )C2c 2(
2
1
1
2
n
d
s
X

bs2 CU s
LL
b
c
c
2
2

fQCDV
=
)
(
s + 4t + u
)B
+
4
t
B
+
4
t
B
+
(
t

M
(
t

2
0
0
1
ds
ds
M 2 )2
3(
t
s=1
ds
i
o
Me2+ 2Me20 )C2c 2(
s + u Me2+ )(C0c + C1c ) + A0 (Md2s )
2
1
1
2


u

s
X
bs2 CV s
d
e
e
2
2
RR
)
B0f
)B
+
4
u
B
+
4
u
B
+
(
u

M
(
u

M
fQCDV
=
0
0
1
u
s
u
s
3
2 2
)
3(
u

M
u
s
s=1
d
2
u M 2+ )C0f (
s + t)C0g + uC0g + M 2+ C0g Me20 C0g
+2(
u Mu )C0 + 2(
s

e1
g
f
2
u
sC1 2tC1g + 2Me2+ C1g + (3
+2(
u Me+ )C1 2
1
1
suD0b + 2
sMu2s D0b
+4
uC2g Me2+ C2g 2Me20 C2g 2
2
1

e1
2
g
f
2
Me+ )C2 + sC2 + tC2g
1
2
suD1b + 2
sMu2s D1b

b
b
b
b
b
b
+ 2tuD13
2
uMe20 D13
+ 2Me20 Mu2s D12
+2tuD12
2
uMe20 D12
2tMu2s D12
2

b
b
2tMu2s D13
+ 2Me20 Mu2s D13
uMe2+ D2b 2
uMe20 D2b
+ 2
u2D2b + 2tuD2b 2
2

b
b
2
uMe2+ D23
uMu2s D2b + 2Me2+ Mu2s D2b + 2Me20 Mu2s D2b + 2tuD23
2tMu2s D2b 2
2

b
2
uMe20 D23
2

b
2tMu2s D23

+2tuD3b 2
uMe2+ D3b
1

b
b
+ 2
u2D3b 2
suD3b
+ 2Me20 Mu2s D23
+ 2Me2+ Mu2s D23
2
1
2
uMe20 D3b + 2
sMu2s D3b 2tMu2s D3b 2
uMu2s D3b
2

b
+ A0 (Mu2s )
u Mu2s )D33
+2Me2+ Mu2s D3b + 2Me20 Mu2s D3b 2(t + Me2+ + Me20 )(
2
2
1
1
2


X
aus2
CVs s 
RL
d
e
e
2
2
fQCDV 3 =
)
B0f
)B
+
4
u
B
+
4
u
B
+
(
u

M
(
u

M
0
0
1
u
s
u
s
2 2
)
3(
u

M
u
s
s=1
2
d
+2(
u Mus )C0 + 2(
u Me2+ )C0f (
s + t)C0g + uC0g + Me2+ C0g Me20 C0g
2
1
1

u Me2+ )C2f + sC2g + tC2g

sC1g 2tC1g + 2Me2+ C1g + (3
+2(
u Me2+ )C1f 2
1

suD1b + 2
sMu2s D1b
+4
uC2g Me2+ C2g 2Me20 C2g 2
suD0b + 2
sMu2s D0b 2
2

b
b
b
b
b
b
+2tuD12
2
uMe20 D12
2tMu2s D12
+ 2Me20 Mu2s D12
+ 2tuD13
2
uMe20 D13
2

b
b
uMe20 D2b
+ 2
u2D2b + 2tuD2b 2
uMe2+ D2b 2
+ 2Me20 Mu2s D13
2tMu2s D13
2

b
b
2
uMe2+ D23
uMu2s D2b + 2Me2+ Mu2s D2b + 2Me20 Mu2s D2b + 2tuD23
2tMu2s D2b 2
2

b
b
b
b
2
uMe20 D23
2tMu2s D23
+ 2Me2+ Mu2s D23
+ 2Me20 Mu2s D23
+ 2
u2D3b 2
suD3b
2

uMu2s D3b
uMe20 D3b + 2
sMu2s D3b 2tMu2s D3b 2
+2tuD3b 2
uMe2+ D3b 2
2
1


b
2
b
2
2
2
b
2
2
2
2

u Mus )D33 + A0 (Mus )

+2Me+ Mus D3 + 2Me0 Mus D3 2(t + Me+ + Me0 )(
1

37

ads2 CUs s  a
B0 + 2(t Me2+ )C0b + 2(t Me2+ )C1b + (3t Me2+ )C2b
=
1
1
1
M 2 )
3(
t
s=1
ds

a
2(t Md2s ) C0e + sD0a + sD1a + (Me2+ u)D13
+ (2
s + t + u Me2+ Me20 )D2a
2
1 
1
2
a
a
a

+(
s + t Me+ )D23 + 2
sD3 + (
s + t)D33
1
2

X
bds2 CUs s  a
LL
B0 + 2(t Me2+ )C0b + 2(t Me2+ )C1b + (3t Me2+ )C2b
fQCDV 4 =
2
1
1
1

3(t Md )
s=1
s

a
+ (2
s + t + u Me2+ Me20 )D2a
2(t Md2s ) C0e + sD0a + sD1a + (Me2+ u)D13
2
1 
1
2
a
a
a

+(
s + t Me+ )D23 + 2
sD3 + (
s + t)D33
2
X

RL
fQCDV
4

RR
fQCDV
5 =

RL
fQCDV
6

RR
fQCDV
7

RL
fQCDV
7

RR
fQCDV
8

s=1
2
X

b
b
b
b
D12
+ D13
+ D23
+ D3b + D33

2bus2
Me02 CVs s
b
b
b
b
D12
+ D13
+ D23
+ D3b + D33
3
s=1
2
X 2bu C s D b s
s2 V
12
=
3
s=1
2

b
X
2aus2
CVs D12
s
=
3
s=1
2

b
X
2aus2
Me02 CVs D23
s
=
3
s=1
2

b
X
2bus2
Me02 CVs D23
s
=
3
s=1

RL
fQCDV
5 =

RR
fQCDV
6

X
2aus2
Me0 CVs s

LR
fQCDV
8 =
RR
fQCDV
9 =
LR
fQCDV
9 =
LR
fQCDV
10

2
X
2ads2 Me+ CUs s
1

s=1

2
X
2bds2 Me+ CUs s
1

s=1

s=1
2
X

s=1
2
X

2aus2
Me+1 CVs s

a
a
(D13
+ D3a + D33
)

a
a
(D13
+ D3a + D33
)

b
b
D23
+ D3b + D33

b
b
D23
+ D3b + D33

2ads2 Me02 CUs s

a
a
(D23
+ D3a + D33
)
3

2
X
2bds2 Me0 CUs s
s=1

RR
fQCDV
11

X
2bus2
Me+ CVs s

s=1

LL
fQCDV
10 =

a
a
(D23
+ D3a + D33
)

b
X
bus2
CVs D12
s
=
3
s=1

38

RL
fQCDV
11

RR
fQCDV
12

LR
fQCDV
12

RR
fQCDV
13

b
X
aus2
CVs D12
s
=
3
s=1
2

b
X aus2
Me02 CVs D23
s
=
3
s=1
2

b
X
bus2
Me02 CVs D23
s
=
3
s=1

RL
fQCDV
13 =
RL
fQCDV
14 =
LL
fQCDV
14 =
RR
fQCDV
15 =

RL
fQCDV
15

RR
fQCDV
16 =

RL
fQCDV
16 =

2
a
X
s
ads2 Me+ CUs D23
1

s=1
2
X
s=1
2
X

s=1
2
X
s=1

a
s
bds2 CUs D12
3
1

s=1
2
X
s=1
2
X

s=1
2
X

LR
fQCDV
17 =
RL
fQCDV
18 =
LL
fQCDV
18 =
RR
fQCDV
19 =
RL
fQCDV
19

a
ads2 CUs D12
s

b
X
bus2
Me+ CVs D13
s

s
aus2
Me+1 CVs D13

3
b

s
aus2
Me+1 Me02 CVs D33

b
bus2
Me+1 Me02 CVs D33
s

s=1

RR
fQCDV
17

a
s
bds2 Me+1 CUs D23

2
a
X
s
ads2 Me+ Me02 CUs D33
1

s=1
2
X
s=1
2
X

s=1
2
X
s=1
2
X
s=1

a
s
bds2 Me+1 Me02 CUs D33

a
ads2 Me02 CUs D13
s

a
bds2 Me02 CUs D13
s

b
bus2
CVs D00
s
3

b
X
aus2
CVs D00
s
=
3
s=1

39

a
X
ads2 CUs D00
s
=
3
s=1
2

X bd C s D a s
s2 U 00
LL
fQCDV
=
20
3
s=1
2 X
2
u

d
X
2s Rs1
Rm1
RR

c
2
i
ms
fSU
=
(aus2
CUm D00
(
s MW
) 2AR C00
DW
)
SY V 1
2
3(
s

M
)
W
m=1 s=1
2 X
2
d
u

X
2s Rs2
Rm2
LR

c
2
i
ms
fSU SY V 1 =
(aus2
CUm D00
(
s MW
) 2AR C00
DW
)
2
3(
s

M
)
W
m=1 s=1
2 X
2
d
u

X
2s Rs1
Rm1

RL
ms i
d
2
fSU SY V 1 =

(2AL DW
C00 + adm2 CVs D00
(
s MW
))
2
3(
s

M
)
W
m=1 s=1
2 X
2
d
u

X
2s Rs2
Rm2

LL
ms i
d
2
fSU
=

(2AL DW
C00 + adm2 CVs D00
(
s MW
))
SY V 1
2
3(
s

M
)
W
m=1 s=1
2
2 X
n
X
s

d
LR
Rs1
CVm
2Mg ads2 Me+1 (t Md2m )(C1h + C2h )Rm1
fSU SY V 2 =
2
2

3(t Md )(t Md )
m=1
s
m
h s=1

j
d
2
s
s + 2t + u Me2+ Me20 )C1m + (2
s + 2t + 2
u 2Me2+
+CU 2bm2 (t Mdm ) B0 + (
2
1
1
2


X

d
d
d
d
d
d
Rs1
+ Rm2
Rs2
)(tB1i + A0 (Mg2 ))
Ddmnns
Me20 )C2m Rm1
Rs2
+ adm2 4(Rm1
A0 (Md2n )

2
n=1
io

d
d
m
m
2
+2MgMe02 (t Mdm )(C1 + C2 )Rm1 Rs1
2 X
2
n
X
s

LL
u

d
fSU SY V 2 =
Rs1
CVm
2Mg bds2 Me+1 (t Md2m )(C1h + C2h )Rm1
2
2

3(t Md )(t Md )
m=1
s
m
h s=1

j
d
2
s
s + 2t + u Me2+ Me20 )C1m + (2
s + 2t + 2
u 2Me2+
+CU 2am2 (t Mdm ) B0 + (
2
1
1
2


X

d
d
d
d
d
d
)(tB1i + A0 (Mg2 ))
Ddmnns
A0 (Md2n )
Rs2
+ Rm2
Rs1
+ bdm2 4(Rm1
Rs2
Me20 )C2m Rm1

2
n=1
io

2
m
m
d
d
+2MgMe02 (t Mdm )(C1 + C2 )Rm1 Rs1
RL
fQCDV
20

2 X
2

d
X
2ads2 CVm s Rm2
Rs1
=
(B0g + tC1h + Me2+ C2h )
2
1

3(t Md )
m=1 s=1
s
2 X
2

d
X
2bds2 CVm s Rm2
Rs1
RL
fSU SY V 2 =
(B0g + tC1h + Me2+ C2h )
1
M 2 )
3(
t
m=1 s=1
ds
2 X
2
X
s

RR
(2Mg bum2
Me02 (
u Mu2m )(C0l + C1l )Rm2
Rs2
CVs
fSU
=
SY V 3
2
2
u Mus )
3(
u Mum )(
m=1 s=1
u

s
2
s t u + Mg2 + M 2+ + Me20 )C0l
+2am2 Rm2 Rs1 CV (
u Mu )(B0m + (

RR
fSU
SY V 2

e1
k
u

uB1 )(Rm1 Rs1

+(
s t +
+
+
+
+ Rm2
Rs2
)
2
X
d
u

u Mu2m )(C0k + C1k )CUm Rm1

Dumnns
A0 (Mu2n )) 2MgMe+1 (
Rs1
))

Me2+
1

Me20 )C1l )
2

bus2
(CVm (4(Mg2 B0n

n=1

40

2 X
2
X

(2Mg aum2
Me02 (
u
2
2
)
)(
u

M
3(
u

M
u
s
u
m
m=1 s=1

+2bum2
Rm1
Rs2
CVs (
u Mu2m )(B0m + (
s t u + Mg2

RL
fSU
SY V 3

Rs1
CVs
Mu2m )(C0l + C1l )Rm1

+ Me2+ + Me20 )C0l

1

(CVm (4(Mg2 B0n + uB1k )(Rm1

Rs1
+ Rm2
Rs2
)
+(
s t + Me2+ + Me20 )C1l ) + aus2
2
1
2
X
d
u

Rs1
))
u Mu2m )(C0k + C1k )CUm Rm1

Dumnns
A0 (Mu2n )) 2MgMe+1 (

n=1

2 X
2

d
u

X
2bus2
CUm s Rm2
Rs1
(B0h + Mg2 C0k + uC1k )
2
)
3(
u

M
u
s
m=1 s=1
2
2

m
d
X X 2a C s R Ru
s2 U
m2 s1
LL
fSU SY V 3 =
(B0h + Mg2 C0k + uC1k )
2
3(
u Mus )
m=1 s=1
2
2
d
u

XX
2Mgs Rs2
Rm1
ms
ms
2
RR
CLH DH
(
s MW
))C0i
((CLG (
s MH2 )DG
fSU SY V 21 =
2
2
)(
s

M
)
3(
s

W
H
m=1 s=1
LR
fSU
SY V 3 =

ms
s MW
)
Me+1 CUm D3c (
+ (
s MH2 )aus2
+(
s MH2 )(Me02 AL Me+1 AR )(C0i + 2C2i )DW

2
s MW
))
+(
s MH2 )adm2 Me02 CVs D3d (
2
2

d
u

XX
2Mgs Rs2 Rm1
RL
ms
ms
2
fSU
CRH DH
(
s MW
))C0i
((CRG (
s MH2 )DG
SY V 21 =
2
2
s MW )
3(
s MH )(
m=1 s=1

ms
+ adm2 Me+1 CVs (D1d + D2d )
(
s MH2 )(Me+1 AL Me02 AR )(C0i + 2C2i )DW

2
2

s MW
))
s MW
) aus2
Me02 CUm (D0c + D1c + D3c )(
s MH2 )(
(
s MH2 )(
2
2

d
u

XX
2Mgs Rs1 Rm2
LR
ms
ms
2
fSU
CLH DH
(
s MW
))C0i
((CLG (
s MH2 )DG
SY V 21 =
2
2
s MW )
3(
s MH )(
m=1 s=1

2
ms
Me+1 CUm D3c (
s MW
)
+ (
s MH2 )aus2
+(
s MH2 )(Me02 AL Me+1 AR )(C0i + 2C2i )DW

2
s MW
))
+(
s MH2 )adm2 Me02 CVs D3d (
2
2 X
u

d
X
2Mgs Rs1
Rm2
LL
ms
ms
2
fSU
=
CRH DH
(
s MW
))C0i
((CRG (
s MH2 )DG
SY V 21
2
2
)(
s

M
)
3(
s

M
W
H
m=1 s=1

ms
+ adm2 Me+1 CVs (D1d + D2d )
(
s MH2 )(Me+1 AL Me02 AR )(C0i + 2C2i )DW

2
2

s MW
))
s MW
) aus2
Me02 CUm (D0c + D1c + D3c )(
s MH2 )(
(
s MH2 )(
2
2

d
u

X X 2Mgs R R
s2 m1

2
RR
(aus2
CUm (D0c + D1c + D2c + D3c )(
s MW
)
fSU
SY V 22 =
2
3(
s

M
)
W
m=1 s=1

ms
2AR (C0i + C1i + C2i )DW
)
2
2
X X 2Mgs Ru Rd
s1 m2

2
LR
(aus2
CUm (D0c + D1c + D2c + D3c )(
s MW
)
fSU
SY V 22 =
2
3(
s

M
)
W
m=1 s=1
ms
2AR (C0i + C1i + C2i )DW
)
2
2
X X 2Mgs Ru Rd

s2 m1
RL
2
ms
fSU
(adm2 CVs D1d (
s MW
) 2AL (C0i + C1i + C2i )DW
)
SY V 22 =
2
3(
s

M
)
W
m=1 s=1
2 X
2
d
u

X
2Mgs Rs1
Rm2

LL
2
ms
fSU
=
(adm2 CVs D1d (
s MW
) 2AL (C0i + C1i + C2i )DW
)
SY V 22
2
3(
s

M
)
W
m=1 s=1

41

RR
fSU
SY V 23

RL
fSU
SY V 23

LR
fSU
SY V 23

2 X
2
u

d
X
2s Rs1
Rm1

d
d
d

c
+ D23
+ D3d + D33
))
(aus2
Me+1 CUm D13
+ adm2 Me02 CVs (D13
=
3
m=1 s=1
2 X
2
u

d
X
2s Rs2
Rm2

d
d
d

c
=
+ D23
+ D3d + D33
))
(aus2
Me+1 CUm D13
+ adm2 Me02 CVs (D13
3
m=1 s=1
2 X
2
u

d
X
2s Rs1
Rm1

c
c
=
(aus2
Me02 CUm (D1c + D11
+ D13
)
3
m=1 s=1

d
d
d
d
d
+ 2D12
+ D13
+ D2d + D22
+ D23
))
adm2 Me+1 CVs (D1d + D11
2
2

d
u

X X 2s R R
s2 m2
LL

c
c
fSU
(aus2
Me02 CUm (D1c + D11
+ D13
)
SY V 23 =
3
m=1 s=1

d
d
d
d
d
+ 2D12
+ D13
+ D2d + D22
+ D23
))
adm2 Me+1 CVs (D1d + D11
2
2

X X 2au C m s Ru Rd
s2 U
s1 m1
RR
c
c
c
fSU
(D1c + D11
+ D12
+ D13
)
SY V 24 =
3
m=1 s=1
2 X
2

d
u

X
Rm1
2adm2 CVs s Rs1
RL
d
d
d
(D1d + D11
+ D12
+ D13
)
fSU SY V 24 =
3
m=1 s=1
2
2 X

d
X
2aus2
CUm s Rs2
Rm2
LR
c
c
c
(D1c + D11
+ D12
+ D13
)
fSU
=
SY V 24
3
m=1 s=1
2 X
2

d
X
2adm2 CVs s Rs2
Rm2
LL
d
d
d
fSU SY V 24 =
(D1d + D11
+ D12
+ D13
)
3
m=1 s=1
LR
fQCDC2

LL
fQCDC2
=

2
X
4Md2 CUs s ads2
s

s=1

3(t Md2 )2
s

2
X
4Md2 CUs s bds2
s

s=1

(B0t + B1t )

3(t Md2 )2

(B0t + B1t )

X
4Mu2s bus2
s CVs
RR
fQCDC3
=
(B0u + B1u )
2 2
)
3(
u

M
u
s
s=1
2
u

2
X 4Mu as2 s CVs
RL
s
fQCDC3 =
(B0u + B1u )
2 2
3(
u Mus )
s=1
2
X AR DL s

RR
u
2 p
d2
u
2
d2
fSU
=
(R1k
B0 + R1k
B0q + B1p R1k
+ B1q R1k
)
SY C1
2
3(
s MW )
k=1
2
X

AL DL s

d2
u
2
d2
(Ru2 B p + R1k
B0q + B1p R1k
+ B1q R1k
)
2
3(
s MW
) 1k 0
k=1 (
2
2 X
2

X
X
CUs s adm2
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
LR
(Rk1
Rm1
Rk2
Rm2
)(Rk1
Rs1
Rk2
Rs2
)A0 (Md2k )
fSU SY C2 =
2
2

3(t Md )(t Mds )

s=1
k=1 m=1
m
"
2

X
CUs s ads2

q
d2
d2
u
2 p
u
2 p
2
M )
B1q ) + 4Md2s B1r
B
+
R
(R
B
+
R
B
+
R
(
t

1k
1k
0
1k
0
1k
1
d
2
s
3(t Md )2
k=1
RL
fSU
SY C1 =

42

2
X

d
d
Rs1
(Rk1

d 2
d
) A0 (Md2k )
Rs2
Rk2

#)

+4A0 (Mg2 ) + A0 (Md2s )

k=1
( 2 2
2

X
XX
CUs s bdm2
LL
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
d
fSU
=
)A0 (Md2k )
R

R
R
)(R
R

R
R
(R
SY C2
s2
k2
s1
k1
m2
k2
m1
k1
2
2

3(t Md )(t Mds )

s=1
k=1 m=1
m
"
2

d
s
X
CU s bs2

d2
d2
u
2 p
u
2 p
2

B1q ) + 4Md2s B1r

B0q + R1k
B1 + R1k
(R1k
B0 + R1k
(t Mds )

2 2

3(t Md )
k=1
s
#)
2
X

d
d
d
d 2
+4A0 (Mg2 ) + A0 (Md2s )
(Rk1
Rs1
Rk2
Rs2
) A0 (Md2k )
k=1
(
2 X
2
2
u

m
X
X
b

C
s2 s V
u

RR
(Rk1
Rm1
Rk2
Rm2
)(Rk1
Rs1
Rk2
Rs2
)A0 (Mu2k )
fSU
=
SY C3
2
2
)
)(
u

M
3(
u Mum
u
s k=1 m=1
s=1
" 2

X
bus2
s CVs

u
2
d2
u
2 p
d2

+ B0q R1k
+ R1k
B1 + R1k
B1q ) + 4A0 (Mg2 )
(
u Mu2s )(B0p R1k
2 2
3(
u Mus ) k=1
#)
2
X
u

u
2
(Rk1
Rs1
Rk2
Rs2
) A0 (Mu2k ) + A0 (Mu2s ) + 4Mu2s B1s

k=1 (
2 X
2
2

X
X
aus2
s CVm
u

RL
(Rk1
Rm1
Rk2
Rm2
)(Rk1
Rs1
Rk2
Rs2
)A0 (Mu2k )
fSU SY C3 =
2
2
u Mus )
3(
u Mum )(
s=1
k=1 m=1
" 2
u

s
X
as2 s CV

d2
d2
u
2 p
u
2
B1q ) + 4A0 (Mg2 )
+ R1k
B1 + R1k
+ B0q R1k
(
u Mu2s )(B0p R1k

2 2
3(
u Mus ) k=1
#)
2
X
u

u
2
(Rk1
Rs1
Rk2
Rs2
) A0 (Mu2k ) + A0 (Mu2s ) + 4Mu2s B1s

k=1

The standard matrix elements in Eq.(48) for the subprocess

are defined as follows:

2)
u(p1 ) + d(p
e+
e02 (p4 ) + g(p5),
1 (p3 ) +

ab
MG1
= v1m Pa v3 v2n Pb v4 [x (p1 p3 )](T x )mn ,

ab
x
x
MG2
= v2n Pa v4 u3 Pb um
1 [ (p1 p3 )](T )mn ,

ab
x
x
MG3
= v2n Pa v3 u4 Pb um
1 [ (p1 p3 )](T )mn ,
ab
x
MG4
= u4 Pa v3 v2n Pb 6 x um
1 (T )mn ,

ab
MG5
= u4 Pa um
2n Pb 6 x v3 (T x )mn ,
1 v

ab
MG6
= v1m Pa v3 v2m Pb 6 x v4 (T x )mn ,
ab
x
MG7
= v2n Pa v4 u3 Pb 6 x um
1 (T )mn ,

x
ab
MG8
= v2n Pa v3 u4 Pb 6 x um
1 (T )mn ,

ab
MG9
= v2n Pa 6 p3 um
4 Pb 6 x v3 (T x )mn ,
1 u

ab
4 Pb 6 x v3 (T x )mn ,
MG10
= v2n Pa 6 p4 um
1 u

43

(C2)

ab
MG11
= v2n Pa 6 x um
4 Pb 6 p1 v3 (T x )mn ,
1 u

ab
MG12
= v2n Pa 6 x um
4 Pb 6 p2 v3 (T x )mn ,
1 u

ab
MG13
= v2n Pa um
4 Pb v3 [x (p1 + p2 )](T x )mn ,
1 u
ab
MG14
= u4 Pa um
2n Pb 6 x 6 p1 v3 (T x )mn ,
1 v
ab
= v1m Pa v3 v2n Pb 6 x 6 p1 v4 (T x )mn ,
MG15

ab
MG16
= v1m Pa v3 v2n Pb 6 x 6 p3 v4 (T x )mn ,

ab
2n Pb 6 x 6 p4 v3 (T x )mn ,
MG17
= u4 Pa um
1 v
ab
x
MG18
= v2n Pa v4 u3 Pb 6 x 6 p2 um
1 (T )mn ,
ab
x
MG19
= v2n Pa v4 u3 Pb 6 x 6 p4 um
1 (T )mn ,

where x, m, and n are color indices for gluons, up quarks and down quarks, respectively.
The nonzero form factors in Eq.(48) are the following:
2

X
2gs ads2 CUs
LR
fRG1 =
(t Md2 )(t24 Md2 )
s=1
s
s
2
d
s
X
2g
b
C
s s2 U
LL
fRG1
=
M 2 )(t24 M 2 )
(
t
s=1
ds
ds
2

X
2gs ads2 CUs
RL
fRG2 =
(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(t24 Md2 )
s=1
LL
fRG2
=

RR
fRG3
=

RL
fRG3
=

RR
fRG4

s=1
2
X

(
s+

2
X

2gs bds2 CUs

t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(t24
2
1

2gs bus2
CVs (
s + t Me2+
1

Md2 )
s

Me20 + Mu2s )
2

(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(t14 Mu2s )(Mu2s u)
s=1
2
1

2
2gs aus2
CVs (
s + t Me2+ Me20 + Mu2s )
X
2

(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(t14 Mu2s )(Mu2s u)
s=1
2
1
2DL gs (AR Me+1 AL Me02 )
=
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + t + t14 M 2+ M 20 )

e2

e1

LR
fRG4
=

2
(MW

RR
fRG5
=
LR
fRG5
=
LR
fRG6
=

2
X

s=1
2
X
s=1
2
X
s=1

2DL gs (AL Me+1 AR Me02 )

s34 )(
s + t + t14 M 2+ M 20 )

e2

e1
u

s
gs bs2 CV Me+1

(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t14 Mu2s )
1

gs aus2
CVs Me+1

(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t14 Mu2s )

gs ads2 CUs Me02

(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t Md2 )
1

44

LL
fRG6

RR
fRG7
=

LR
=
fRG7

2
X
s=1

2
X

s=1
2
X
s=1

RR
fRG8
=
RL
fRG8
=

gs bds2 CUs Me02

(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t Md2 )
s

gs ads2 CUs Me+1

(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(t24 Md2 )

gs bds2 CUs Me+1

(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(t24 Md2 )

2
X

s=1
2
X

gs aus2
CVs Me02

u Mu2s )
(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(
2

gs bus2
CVs Me02

(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(
u Mu2s )
2
1
2AR DL gs
RR
fRG9
=
2
(MW s34 )(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
2AL DL gs
RL
fRG9 =
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
2AR DL gs
RR
fRG10 =
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
2A
D
g
L
L
s
RL
fRG10
=
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
2AR DL gs
RR
fRG11 =
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
2A
D
g
L
L
s
RL
fRG11
=
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
2AR DL gs
RR
fRG12 =
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
2A
D
g
L
L
s
RL
fRG12
=
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
2AR DL gs
RR
fRG13 =
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
2AL DL gs
RL
fRG13 =
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )
s=1

RR
fRG14
=
LR
fRG14
=
LR
fRG15
=

2
X

(
s + u + t24

s=1
2
X

gs ads2 CUs
(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t Md2 )

s=1
2
X

s=1

gs bus2
CVs
Me2+ Me20 )(t14
2
1

Mu2s )

gs aus2
CVs
(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t14 Mu2s )
1

45

LL
fRG15

LR
fRG16
=

LL
fRG16
=

RR
fRG17
=

LR
fRG17
=

RL
fRG18
=

LL
fRG18
=

RL
fRG19
=

LL
fRG19
=

RR
fRG20
=

RL
fRG20
=

2
X

s=1
2
X
s=1
2
X
s=1
2
X

s=1
2
X
s=1
2
X

gs bds2 CUs
(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t Md2 )

(
s + u +
(
s + u +

gs ads2 CUs
t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t
2
1

gs bds2 CUs
t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t
2
1

(
s + u + t24

gs bus2
CVs
Me2+ Me20 )(t14
2
1

Md2 )
s

Md2 )
s

Mu2s )

gs aus2
CVs
(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t14 Mu2s )
2

gs ads2 CUs
(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(t24 Md2 )
s=1
s
2
1
2
d
s
X
gs bs2 CU

(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(t24 Md2 )
s=1
s
2
1
2

d
s
X
gs as2 CU

(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(t24 Md2 )
s=1
s
2
1
2
d
s
X
gs bs2 CU

(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(t24 Md2 )
s=1
s
2
1
2
u

s
X
gs bs2 CV

(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(
u Mu2s )
s=1
2
1
2

X
gs aus2
CVs

u Mu2s )
(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(
s=1
2
1

RR
fRG21
=

RL
fRG21
=

2
X

s=1
2
X
s=1

RR
fRG22
=

LR
fRG22
=

RR
fRG23
=

(
s + t + t14

gs bus2
CVs
u
Me2+ Me20 )(
2
1

Mu2s )

gs aus2
CVs
(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(
u Mu2s )
2
1
AR DL gs (2
s + t + u + t14 + t24 2(Me2+ + Me20 ))
1

2
(MW

e1

2
(MW

e2

s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )

s34 )(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(
2
2
1
1
AR DL gs (2
s + t + u + t14 + t24 2(M 2+ + M 20 ))

e1

2
(MW

s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )

s34 )(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(
2
2
1
1
AL DL gs (2
s + t + u + t14 + t24 2(M 2+ + M 20 ))

s34 )(
s + t + t14

Me2+
1

Me20 )(
s+
2

46

e2

u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )

1

LR
fRG23

AL DL gs (2
s + t + u + t14 + t24 2(Me2+ + Me20 ))
1

2
(MW
s34 )(
s + t + t14 Me2+ Me20 )(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )
2
2
1
1
The standard matrix elements in Eq.(49) for the subprocesses

(C3)

and

u(p1 ) + g(p2 )
e+
e02 (p4 ) + d(p5 ),
1 (p3 ) +

(C4)

are defined as follows:

1 ) + g(p2 )
d(p
e+
e02 (p4 ) + u(p5 ),
1 (p3 ) +

ab
MQ1
= u4 Pa um
n5 Pb v3 (T x )mn ,
1 u
ab
MQ2
= v1m Pa v3 un5 Pb v4 (T x )mn ,
ab
MQ3
= u3 Pa um
n5 Pb v4 (T x )mn ,
1 u
ab
x
MQ4
= u4 Pa 6 p2 v3 un5 Pb 6 x um
1 (T )mn ,

ab
x
MQ5
= u4 Pa 6 x v3 un5 Pb 6 p2 um
1 (T )mn ,
ab
x
MQ6
= u4 Pa v3 un5 Pb um
1 (T )mn ,

ab
x
MQ7
= un5 Pa v4 u3 Pb 6 x 6 p2 um
1 (T )mn ,

ab
x
= un5 Pa v3 u4 Pb 6 x 6 p2 um
MQ8
1 (T )mn ,

ab
MQ9
= u4 Pa um
n5 Pb 6 x 6 p2 v3 (T x )mn ,
1 u

ab
MQ10
= v1m Pa v3 un5 Pb 6 x 6 p2 v4 (T x )mn ,

ab
x
MQ11
= u4 Pa v3 un5 Pb 6 x 6 p2 um
1 (T )mn ,
ab
MQ12
= v1n Pa v4 u3 Pb v5m (T x )mn ,

ab
MQ13
= v1n Pa v3 u4 Pb v5m (T x )mn ,
ab
MQ14
= v1n Pa 6 p2 v5m u4 Pb 6 x v3 (T x )mn ,

ab
MQ15
= v1n Pa 6 x v5m u4 Pb 6 p2 v3 (T x )mn ,

ab
MQ16
= v1n Pa v5m u4 Pb v3 (T x )mn ,

ab
MQ17
= u4 Pa v5m v1n Pb 6 x 6 p2 v3 (T x )mn ,

ab
MQ18
= u3 Pa v5m v1n Pb 6 x 6 p2 v4 (T x )mn ,

ab
MQ19
= v1n Pa v4 u3 Pb 6 x 6 p2 v5m (T x )mn ,

ab
= v1n Pa v3 u4 Pb 6 x 6 p2 v5m (T x )mn ,
MQ20

ab
MQ21
= u4 Pa v3 v1n Pb 6 x 6 p2 v5m (T x )mn ,

The nonzero form factors

in Eq.(49) are the following:

2
x
x
x
2
x
u

s
X

(p

p
)]
s

p
)
t
+
(

p
)M
[ (p1 p3 p4 )]
2gs bs2 CV
1
4
1 14
1
u
s
RR

fRQ1
=
2
2
2
2

t Mus
s(t + u + s34 2Me+ Me0 + Mus )
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20
s=1 14
1

47

LR
fRQ1

LR
fRQ2

LL
fRQ2

2
x
x
x
2
u

s
x
X

(p

p
)]
s

p
)
t
+
(

p
)M
2gs as2 CV
[ (p1 p3 p4 )]
1
4
1 14
1
u
s
=

2
2
2
2

s(t + u + s34 2Me+ Me0 + Mus )

s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20
t Mus
s=1 14
2
1
1
2

X 2gs ad C s
[x (p1 p3 )]
[x (p1 p3 p4 )]
s2 U

=
24 M 2+ M 20
14 + t24 M 2+ 2M 20 + M 2
M 2
s

+
u

+
t
s

+
t
t
34

e2

e2
s=1
ds

e1

e1
ds

2
d
s
x
x
X
2gs bs2 CU
[ (p1 p3 )]
[ (p1 p3 p4 )]

2
2
2
2
2
2

+
M
s

+
u

+
t

M
s

+
t
+
t

2M
t

M
0
0
+
+
24
34
14
24

e
s=1
d

e
d
s

LR
fRQ3
=

LL
fRQ3
=

2
X

s=1
2
X

s(
s34 +

s(
s34 +
2AR DL gs
2
s(MW
s34 )
2AL DL gs
2
s(MW
s34 )
2AR DL gs
2
s(
s34 MW
)
2AL DL gs
2
s(
s34 MW
)
s=1

RR
fRQ4
=
LR
fRQ4
=
RR
fRQ5
=
LR
fRQ5
=

+ Md2 )
s

+ Md2 )
s

2AR DL gs [ (p1 p3 p4 )]
( p1 )

2
2
2
s34 MW s + u + t24 M + Me0
s

e1
2

x
x
( p1 )
2AL DL gs [ (p1 p3 p4 )]

=
2
2
2
s34 MW s + u + t24 M + Me0
s

RR
fRQ6
=

LR
fRQ6

2gs (x p1 )ads2 CUs

t14 + t24 Me2+ 2Me20
2
1
d
s
x
2gs ( p1 )bs2 CU

t14 + t24 Me2+ 2Me20

2
1

RL
fRQ7
=
LL
fRQ7
=
RR
fRQ8
=

RL
fRQ8
=

RR
=
fRQ9

2
X

s=1
2
X
s=1

2
X

s=1
2
X
s=1
2
X
s=1

LR
fRQ9
=

2
X
s=1

s(
s34 + t14 +
s(
s34 + t14 +

s(t + u +
s(t + u +

gs ads2 CUs
t24 Me2+
1
d
gs bs2 CUs
t24 Me2+
1

gs bus2
CVs
s34 2Me2+
1

gs aus2
CVs
s34 2Me2+
1

2Me20 + Md2 )
2

2Me20 + Md2 )
2

Me20 + Mu2s )
2

Me20 + Mu2s )
2

gs bus2
CVs
(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t14 Mu2s )
1

(
s + u + t24

gs aus2
CVs
Me2+ Me20 )(t14
2
1

Mu2s )

48

LR
fRQ10

LL
fRQ10
=

2
X

s=1
2
X

LR
fRQ11
=

LL
fRQ12

RR
fRQ13

RL
fRQ13

gs bds2 CUs
(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t Md2 )
s=1
s
2
1
2
2

AR DL gs (
u + t24 Me+ Me0 )
2
1

RR
fRQ11
=

RL
fRQ12

gs ads2 CUs
(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t Md2 )

2
s(MW
s34 )(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
AL DL gs (
u + t24 M 2+ M 20 )

e2

e1

Me20 )
s34 )(
s + u + t24
2

x
x
x
2
2

x
d
s
X 2gs a C
[

(p

p
)]
s
+
(

p
)
t

p
)M
1
4
1
14
1
[ (p1 p3 p4 )]
ds
s2 U
+
=
2
2
2
2
2
2

s + u + t24 Me+ Me0

s(t + u + s34 2Me+ Me0 + Md )
t Md
s=1 14
s
s
2
2
1
1

x
x
x
2
2

x
d
s
X
[

(p

p
)]
s
+
(

p
)
t

p
)M
1
4
1
14
1
2gs bs2 CU [ (p1 p3 p4 )]
ds
=
+
2
2
2
2
2
2

t Md
s + u + t24 Me+ Me0
s(t + u + s34 2Me+ Me0 + Md )
s=1 14
s
s
2
2
1
1

2
x
x
x
2
x
u

s
X

(p

p
)]
s

t
(

p
)
+
(

p
)M
[ (p1 p3 p4 )]
2gs bs2 CV
1
3
1
1
u
s

=
2
2
2
2

s(
s34 + t14 + t24 Me+ 2Me0 + Mus )
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20
t Mus
s=1
2
2
1
1

2
x
x
x
2
u

s
x
X 2gs a C

(p

p
)]
s

t
(

p
)
+
(

p
)M
[ (p1 p3 p4 )]
1
3
1
1
u
s
s2 V
=

2
2
2
2

t Mus
s(
s34 + t14 + t24 Me+ 2Me0 + Mus )
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20
s=1
2
s(MW

Me2+
1

RR
fRQ14
RL
fRQ14
RR
fRQ15
RL
fRQ15

RR
fRQ16

RL
fRQ16

2AR DL gs
=
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
2AL DL gs
=
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
2AR DL gs
=
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
2AL DL gs
=
2
(MW
s34 )(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1

x
x
2AR DL gs ( p1 )
[ (p1 p3 p4 )]
= 2

MW s34
s
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20
2
1

x
x
[ (p1 p3 p4 )]
2AL DL gs ( p1 )

= 2
MW s34
s
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20
1

RR
fRQ17
=
LR
fRQ17
=

2
X

s=1
2
X
s=1

s(
s34 + t14 +
s(
s34 + t14 +

gs bus2
CVs
t24 Me2+
1

2Me20 + Mu2s )

gs aus2
CVs
t24 Me2+
1

2Me20 + Mu2s )

49

LR
fRQ18

LL
fRQ18
=

RL
fRQ19
=

LL
fRQ19
=

RR
fRQ20
=

RL
fRQ20
=

RR
fRQ21
=

LR
fRQ21
=

2
X

s=1
2
X

gs ads2 CUs
s(t + u + s34 2Me2+ Me20 + Md2 )
s

gs bds2 CUs
s(t + u + s34 2Me2+ Me20 + Md2 )
s=1
s
2
1
2

d
s
X
gs as2 CU
(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t14 Md2 )
s=1
s
2
1
2
d
s
X
gs bs2 CU
(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t14 Md2 )
s=1
s
2
1
2
u

s
X
gs bs2 CV

(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t Mu2s )
s=1
2
1
2
u

s
X
gs as2 CV

(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )(t Mu2s )
s=1
2
1
AR DL gs (
u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
2
s(MW
s34 )(
s + u + t24 Me2+ Me20 )
2
1
AL DL gs (
u + t24 M 2+ M 20 )

e2

e1

2
s(MW

s34 )(
s + u + t24

Me2+
1

Me20 )
2

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60

[pb]

+
0+X
pp

hard non-coll

40

1 2

NLO

20
0
-20

hard coll+soft+other

-40
-60

-5

[pb]

10

10-5

-3

-4

10

7.1
7
6.9
6.8
6.7

10

-2

10

-1

10

NLO

10-3
s

10-4

10-2

10-1

FIG. 15: The dependence of the total cross sections for the associated production of
e+
e02 at the
1

LHC on the cutoff s , assuming m0 = 200GeV, m1/2 = 150GeV, tan = 5 and c = s /100.

52

S=14TeV

1 2

+ 0
() (pp(p) ) [pb]

10
LO
NLO

1
S=2TeV

10-1

0.2

1
/

FIG. 16: The dependence of the total cross sections on the renormalization/factorization scale with
the same parameters chosen as in Fig.2 of Ref.[5].

53

1 2

+ 0
(pp ) [pb]

S=14TeV

LO
NLO

6.5

RES

6
5.5

m0=200GeV

m0=1000GeV

1 2

- 0
(pp ) [pb]

10

20

30
tan

S=14TeV

4.2
4
3.8
3.6
3.4
3.2
3

NLO
RES

m0=1000GeV

20

30
tan

S=2TeV

1 2

50

LO

m0=200GeV

10

+ 0
(pp ) [pb]

40

0.55

m0=200GeV

0.5

40

50

LO
NLO
RES

0.45
m0=1000GeV

0.4
0.35
10

20

30
tan

40

50

FIG. 17: The total cross sections as a function of tan for the associated production of
e
e02 at
1

the two colliders assuming m1/2 = 150GeV, m0 = 200GeV and 1000GeV, A0 = 0 and > 0.

54

1 2

+ 0
K(pp ) [%]

3.6
3.5
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.1

S=14TeV

m0=1000GeV
m0=200GeV

1 2

+ 0
K(pp ) [%]

1 2

- 0
K(pp ) [%]

10
4
3.9
3.8
3.7
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.3
3.2

20

30
tan

40

50

S=14TeV

m0=1000GeV
m0=200GeV

10

20

4.6

30
tan

40

50

S=2TeV

4.4

m0=1000GeV
m0=200GeV

4.2
4
3.8
10

20

30
tan

40

50

FIG. 18: K, defined as K = ( RES N LO )/ N LO , as a function of tan for the associated

production of
e
e02 at the two colliders assuming m1/2 = 150GeV, m0 = 200GeV and 1000GeV,
1

A0 = 0 and > 0.

55

10

100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

M+
1

+ 0
(pp ) [pb]

LO
NLO

1 2

RES

1
S=14TeV

10-1

160

180

200

220

240

100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

m1/2
M-

- 0
(pp ) [pb]

LO
NLO
RES

1 2

1
S=14TeV

10-1

160

180

200

220

240

100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

m1/2
M+

LO
NLO
RES

1 2

+ 0
(pp ) [pb]

-1

10

S=2TeV

10-2

160

180

200

220

240

m1/2

FIG. 19: The total cross sections as a function of m1/2 for the associated production of
e
e02 at
1

the two colliders assuming m0 = 200GeV, tan = 5, A0 = 0 and > 0.

56

1 2

+ 0
K(pp ) [%]

100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

3.1
3
S=14TeV
2.9
2.8
2.7
2.6
2.5
2.4
2.3
2.2
160
180
200
220
240
100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

M+
1

m1/2
M-

1 2

- 0
K(pp ) [%]

3.2

S=14TeV

3
2.8
2.6
2.4
160

180

200

220

240

100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180

m1/2
M+

1 2

+ 0
K(pp ) [%]

4.8

S=2TeV

4.6
4.4
4.2
4
3.8
160

180

200

220

240

m1/2

FIG. 20: K, defined as K = ( RES N LO )/ N LO , as a function of m1/2 for the associated

production of
e
e02 at the two colliders assuming m0 = 200GeV, tan = 5, A0 = 0 and > 0.
1

57

1 2

+ 0
(pp ) [pb]

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

7
6.8
6.6
6.4
6.2
6
5.8
5.6
5.4
5.2

M~u

LO
NLO
RES

S=14TeV

200

400

600

800

1000 m0

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

M~u

1 2

- 0
(pp ) [pb]

4.2
4
3.8
3.6
3.4
3.2
3

LO
NLO
RES

S=14TeV

200

600

800

1000 m0

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

M~u

LO

0.55

1 2

+ 0
(pp ) [pb]

0.6

400

NLO
RES

0.5

0.45
0.4

S=2TeV

0.35
200

400

600

800

1000 m0

FIG. 21: The total cross sections as a function of m0 for the associated production of
e
e02 at the
1

two colliders assuming m1/2 = 150GeV, tan = 5, A0 = 0 and > 0.

58

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

M~u

1 2

+ 0
K(pp ) [%]

3.5

S=14TeV

3.4
3.3
3.2
3.1
3
2.9

200

400

600

800

1000 m0

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

M~u

1 2

- 0
K(pp ) [%]

3.9
3.8
3.7
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.1

S=14TeV

200

400

600

800

1000 m0

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

M~u

1 2

+ 0
K(pp ) [%]

4.6

S=2TeV

4.4
4.2
4
3.8
3.6
200

400

600

800

1000 m0

FIG. 22: K, defined as K = ( RES N LO )/ N LO , as a function of m0 for the associated

production of
e
e02 at the two colliders assuming m1/2 = 150GeV, tan = 5, A0 = 0 and > 0.
1

59

1.04

S=14TeV

1.02
1
0.98
0.96
0.94

1.04
1.03

1.02

LO

(a) =

, r =

scale

NLO

RES

(b) =0, r=scale

f

1.01
1
0.99
0.98

1.06
1.04
1.02
1
0.98
0.96
0.94

(c) =r =

scale

0.2

scale/ 0

FIG. 23: The dependence of the total cross sections for

e+
e02 production on the factorization
1

scale(a), the renormalization scale(b), and both scales equal(c) at the LHC assuming m1/2 =

200GeV, m0 = 200GeV, tan = 5, A0 = 0 and > 0. 0 = (me + me02 )/2. R = (scale )/(0 ).
1

1.3

1.2

(a) =

LO

, r =

scale

NLO

1.1

RES

1
0.9

S=2TeV

0.8
1.03

1.02

(b) = , r=
0

scale

1.01
1
0.99
0.98
1.3

1.2
1.1

(c) =r=

scale

1
0.9
0.8

0.2

scale

FIG. 24: The dependence of the total cross sections for

e+
e02 production on the factorization
1

scale(a), the renormalization scale(b), and both scales equal(c) at the Tevatron assuming m1/2 =

200GeV, m0 = 200GeV, tan = 5, A0 = 0 and > 0. Here 0 = (me + me02 )/2 and R =
1

(scale )/(0 ).

60

1 2

+ 0
Q2d/dQ2(pp ) [pb]

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0200

LO

S=14TeV

NLO
RES

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

Q+0
- 0
Q2d/dQ2(pp ) [pb]

12

1 2

LO

S=14TeV

NLO

RES

3
2
1
0200

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

Q- 0
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0200

LO

1 2

+ 0
Q2d/dQ2(pp ) [pb]

12

S=2TeV

NLO
RES

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

Q+0
12

FIG. 25: The invariant mass differential cross sections for the associated production of
e
e02 at
1
the two colliders assuming m1/2 = 150GeV, tan = 5, m0 = 200GeV, A0 = 0 and > 0 .

61

1 2

+ 0
Q2d/dQ2(pp ) [pb]

7
6
5
4
3
2
1

S=14TeV

LO
NLO
RES

250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600

Q+0
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5

S=14TeV

1 2

- 0
Q2d/dQ2(pp ) [pb]

12

LO
NLO
RES

250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600

Q- 0
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0 250

S=2TeV

1 2

+ 0
Q2d/dQ2(pp ) [pb]

12

LO
NLO
RES

300

350

400 450
Q+0

500

550

600

12

FIG. 26: The invariant mass differential cross sections for the associated production of
e
e02 at
1
the two colliders assuming m1/2 = 150GeV, tan = 5, m0 = 1000GeV, A0 = 0 and > 0 .

62

1 2

+ 0
Kd(pp ) [%]

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
00

m0=200GeV
m0=1000GeV

1000

2000

S=14TeV

3000

4000

5000

Q+0

1 2

- 0
Kd(pp ) [%]

1 2

20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
00

m0=200GeV
m0=1000GeV

1000

2000

S=14TeV

3000

4000

5000

Q- 0

1 2

+ 0
Kd(pp ) [%]

1 2

40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5

m0=200GeV
m0=1000GeV

200

400

600

S=2TeV

800 1000 1200 1400

Q+0
1 2

FIG. 27: The dependence of Kd , defined as Kd = (d RES d N LO )/d N LO , on the invariant mass
for the associated production of
e
e02 at the two colliders assuming m1/2 = 150GeV, tan = 5,
1
m0 = 200GeV and 1000GeV, A0 = 0 and > 0 .

63

1 2

- 0
(pp ) [pb]

4.8
4.6
4.4
4.2
4
3.8
3.6
3.4
3.2
3

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

M~u

S=14TeV

LO

MRST

NLO
RES

CTEQ

200

400

600

800

1000 m0

1 2

+ 0
(pp ) [pb]

8
7.5

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

M~u

LO

MRST

S=14TeV

NLO
RES

7
6.5
6
CTEQ

5.5
5

200

400

600

800

1000 m0

1 2

- 0
K(pp ) [%]

4
3.9
3.8
3.7
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.1

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

M~u

S=14TeV
CTEQ
MRST

200

400

600

800

1000 m0

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

1 2

+ 0
K(pp ) [%]

3.6
3.5
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.1
3
2.9

M~u

S=14TeV

CTEQ
MRST

200

400

600

800

1000 m0

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

4.8

1 2

+ 0
K(pp ) [%]

M~u

S=2TeV

4.6
4.4
4.2

CTEQ

MRST

3.8
3.6
200

400

600

800

1000 m0

400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

M~u

+ 0
(pp ) [pb]

0.6

NLO

0.55

1 2

MRST

LO
RES

CTEQ

0.5

0.45
0.4

S=2TeV

0.35
200

400

600

800

1000 m0