Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Poslovni Engleski
Poslovni Engleski
BUSINESS
ENGLISH 4 U
UDBENIK ENGLESKOG POSLOVNOG JEZIKA ZA SAMOUKE SA IZRAENIM
GRAMATIKIM I JIZINIM VJEBAMA I OBJANJENJIMA NA HRVATSKOM JEZIKU
EVERYDAY ENGLISH
FOR PROFESSIONALS
BOOK 1
CONTENTS SADRAJ
Unit 1
Unit 2
15
Unit 3
IN A RESTAURANT (NUMBERS)
U RESTORANU (BROJEVI)
21
Unit 4
26
Unit 5
33
Unit 6
39
Unit 7
43
Unit 8
52
Unit 9
57
Unit 10
63
Unit 11
71
Unit 12
SAY WHAT MR. WHITE MUST, MAY, NEED OR CAN TO DO (MODAL VERBS)
RECITE TO G. WHITE MORA, SMIJE, TREBA ILI MOE URADITI (MODALNI
/NAINSKI/ GLAGOLI)
77
Unit 13
82
Unit 14
89
Unit 15
97
Unit 16
105
Unit 17
111
112
113
115
116
CD 1 3
AT THE HOTEL
U HOTELU
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35
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VOCABULARY
unit (ju:nit) jedinica, postrojba
hotel (hu'tel) hotel
business ('biznis) posao
Canada (knda) Kanada
old (uld) star
dark (da:k) taman, tamna, tamni
hair (h) kosa
eyes (aiz) oi
French (frent) francuski
now (nau) sada
name (neim) ime
from (frm) iz , od
shower (au) tu, pljusak
we (wi) mi
can (kn) mogu, moe, moete
third (:d) trei
large (la:d) prostran, velik
per night (p:nait) za no
later (leit) kasnije
rate (reit) cijena
German (d:mn) njemaki
travellers cheques (trvlz teks)
putniki ekovi
how (hau) kako
here (hi) ovdje
dollar (dl) dolar
without (wiaut) bez
do (du:) uiniti
corner (k:n) ugao
left (left) lijevo
this (is) ovaj, ova
me (mi) meni, mi
in (in) u
opportunity (ptju:niti) prilika
would you like (wud ju: laik) biste li Vi
eljeli
at (t) kod
is (iz) je
man (mn) mukarac, ovjek
he (hi:) on
tall (t:l) visok/a/i
all right (:lrait) u redu
an eye (nai) oko
speak (spi:k) govoriti
reception (risepn) recepcija
good (gud) dobar
I (ai) ja (uvijek se pie velikim slovom)
for (f:) za
glad (gld) zadovoljan
give (giv) dati
floor (fl:) kat, pod
it (it) ono
O.K. (u kei) u redu
expensive (ikspensiv) skup
need (ni:d) trebati
foreign (fori) stran
British (briti) britanski
traveller (trvl) putnik
much (mt) mnogo
to carry (kri) voziti
meal (mi:l) obrok
drink (drik) pie
this way (is wei) ovuda, ovim putem
tip (tip) napojnica
that (t) to, ono
two (tu) dva, dvije
think (ik) misliti
same (seim) isti
like (laik) voljeti
too (tu:) takoer
lucky (lki) sretan
but (bt) ali
GRAMMAR - GRAMATIKA
POMONI GLAGOLI TO BE BITI i TO HAVE - IMATI
U ovo vjebi susreemo se sa sadanjim vremenom PRESENT TENSE pomonih glagola TO BE biti i TO HAVE imati i
glagolom CAN.
Kada ispred glagola stoji rije TO, znai da je glagol dan u svojem osnovnom obliku infinitivu ili neodreenom obliku. Ako ga
stavljamo uz lica taj postupak nazivamo sprezanjem ili konjugiranjem glagola. U sljedeim primjerima dajemo ta dva pomona
glagola u sadanjem vremenu (Present Tense) uz sva lica jednine (ja, ti, on, ona, ono) i sva lica mnoine (mi, vi, oni, one, ona).
Obratite panju da u jedini imamo u treem licu tri oblika: he (hi:) on, she (i:) ona, it (it) ono. U mnoini imamo u treem licu
they (ei) koji se moe prevesti po potrebi oni, one, ona.
Moda Vam izgleda da previe prostora posveujemo objanjenima. Ako su Vam objanjenja suvina toliko bolje za Vas. Prvenstvo su
namijenjena onim uenicima (bilo mladima ili odraslima) koji su ve pomalo zaboravili gramatiku.
U engleskom jeziku glagoli u infinitivu (neodreenom obliku) imaju rijeicu TO.
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CD 1 5
UPITNI OBLIK
INTERROGATIVE FORM
(intrgtiv f:m)
am I?
jesam li ja?
are you?
jesi li ti?
is he?
je li on?
is she?
je li ona?
is it?
je li ono?
are we?
jesmo li mi?
are you?
jeste li Vi?
are they?
jesu li oni?
SKRAENI OBLIK
ja nisam
ti nisi
on nije
ona nije
ono nije
mi nismo
vi niste
oni nisu
CD 1 - 6
SADANJE VRIJEME GLAGOLA TO HAVE
POTVRDNI OBLIK AFFIRMATIVE FORM
I have (ai hv)
ja imam
you have (ju: hv)
ti ima
he has (hi: hz)
on ima
she has (i: hz )
ona ima
it has (it: hz)
ono ima
we have (wi: hv)
mi imamo
you have (ju: hv)
Vi imate
oni imaju
they have (ei hv)
(Skraeni oblik)
I havent (ai: hvnt)
you havent (ju: hvnt)
he hasnt (hi: hznt)
she hasnt (i: hznt)
it hasnt (it hznt)
we havent (wi: hvnt)
you havent (ju: hvnt)
they havent (ei hvnt)
Glagol CAN se naziva modalni glagol i posvojoj funkciji je slian pomonim glagolima.
CD 1 - 7
SADANJE VRIJEME GLAGOLA CAN
POTVRDNI OBLIK AFFIRMATIVE FORM
I can (ai: kn)
ja mogu
you can (ju: kn)
ti moe
he can (hi: kn)
on moe
ona moe
she can (i: kn)
it can (it kn)
ono moe
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mi moemo
Vi moete
oni mogu
can we?
can you?
can they?
Moemo li mi?
Moete li Vi?
Mogu li oni?
(Skraeni oblik)
I cant (ai ka:nt)
you cant (ju: ka:nt)
he cant (hi: ka:nt)
she cant (i: ka:nt)
it cant (it ka:nt)
we cant (wi: ka:nt)
you cant ((ju: ka:nt)
they cant (ei ka:nt)
LANOVI
lanovi su rijei koje ne postoje u hrvatskom jeziku. U engleskom jeziku postoje neodreeni i odreeni lan i stavljaju se ispred
imenice. Za sada nije potrebno previe inzistirati na ulozi i znaenju tih vrsta rijei.
Neodreeni lan je nastao od broja one jedan i ima dva oblika:
a ako imenice poinje sa suglasnikom,
an ako imenice poinje sa samoglasnikom
Primjeri: a boy ( bi) djeak
an apple (n pl) jabuka
Neodreeni lan se upotrebljava samo s imenicama u jednini. Uz imenice u mnoini nema neodreenog lana:
boys djeaci
apples jabuke
Mnoina se dobije tako da se imenici doda nastavak s.
Odreeni lan ima oblik the i ita se () ispred imenica koje poinju sa suglasnikom a (i) ako stoji ispred imenica koje
poinju sa samoglasnikom. U mnoini imaju isti oblik the, i vrijede ista pravila izgovora.
Primjeri: the boy ( bi)
the apple (i pl)
the boys ( biz)
the apples (i pls)
LINE ZAMJENICE
Line zamjenice su:
- I (ai) ja
- you (ju:) ti
- he (hi: ) on
- she (i: ) ona
- it (it) ono
- we (we:) mi
- you (ju:) Vi
- they (i) oni, one, oni
Ja se kae I (ai) veliko slovo I. Ti i Vi ista rije i uvijek se pie malim slovom, dakle uvijek you.
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UPITNE RIJEI
Upitne rijei su:
What (wt)
Who (hu:)
When (wen)
Where (w)
Why (wai)
How (hau)
Which (wit)
POSVOJNI PRIDJEVI
Posvojni pridjevi u hrvatskom ih nazivamo POSVOJNE ZAMJENICE.
jedan oblik je za sve nae rodove za jedninu i mnoinu.
my (mai) moj, moje, moji
our (au) na, nae, nai
your (j:) tvoj, tvoje, tvoji
your (j:) Va, Vae, Vai
his (hiz) njego, njegove, njegovi
their () njihov, njihovi, njihove
her (h) njezin, njezine, njezini
its (its) njegov, njegove, njegov
POZDRAVI I OSLOVLJAVANJE
Ujutro do 12 sati Englezi kau GOOD MORNING (gud m:ni) DOBRO JUTRO. Od 12 sati do naveer pozdrav je GOOD
AFTERNOON (gud a:ftnu:n) DOBAR DAN (dobro poslijepodne). Naveer pozdravljaju s GOOD EVENING (gud i:vni)
DOBRA VEER. Prije odlaska na spavanje kau GOOD NIGHT (gud nait) LAKU NO. Osobe koje se bolje poznaju prilikom
susreta kau HELLO (helu) zdravo, HI ( hai) bok. Na odlasku formalni pozdrav je GOODBYE (gud bai) zbogom. BYE BYE
je pozdrav na odlasku izmeu osoba koje se dobro poznaju.
DOVIENJA se kae SO LONG (sul), SEE YOU (si:ju). U Egleskoj se jo kae CHEERIO (tiiriu) dovienja.
Kada se nekome obraamo upotrebljavamo prezime ispred kojeg stavljamo:
MR MISTER (mist) gospodin
MRS (misiz) gospoa
MISS (miss) gospoica
U novije vrijeme u pisanom engleskom stavlja se i MS kao oznaka za ensku osobu za koju ne znamo, da li je udana ili neudana.
Izgovara se (mz).
Ako se nekome obraamo bez navoenja prezimena, kaemo SIR (s:) gospodine ili MADAM (mdm) gospoo. Nazivi
zanimanja dolaze bez MR npr. DOCTOR (dkt) doktore, TEACHER (ti:t) uitelj. Nikako se nemojte obratiti sa Mr Doctor
ili Mr Teacher, to je krivo.
I WOULD LIKE
Izraz I would like se esto koristi u govornom jeziku. Prevodi se sa Ja bih eljela, Ja bih voljela. Iza tog izraza dolazi infinitiv glagola
(neodreeni oblik).
I would like to have Ja bih voljela imati, ja bih elio imati
I would like to be Ja bih eljela biti, ja bih elio biti
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CD 1 8
DICTATION DIKTAT
The Hotel International is in London. It is a modern building with eight floors. It has eighty-eight rooms and four suites. There
are two restaurants, a coffee shop, a conference hall and a small swimming pool with a fitness room. There is also a car park
for about forty cars. The hotel is located in Grosvenor Square, in the centre of London. There is a tube station not far from the
hotel. The tube can take you to all important places in London. The fares are not too expensive. You pay about 1 pound. 1
pound is about 2 Euros or $ 1,50 (American dollars). A lovely park is near the hotel. There are trees and flowers in it. In the
centre of the park there is a beautiful fountain. Many people come to the park every day.
TRANSLATION PRIJEVOD
Hotel International je u Londonu. On je moderna zgrada sa osam katova. Ima osamdeset osam soba i etiri apartmana. Nalaze
se (ima) dva restorana, kavana, konferencijska dvorana, mali plivai bazen sa sobom za vjebanje. Postoji takoer parkiralite
za oko etrdeset kola. Hotel je lociran na Grosvenor trgu, u centru Londona. Nalazi se stanica podzemne eljeznice nedaleko
od hotela. Podzemna eljeznica moe Vas odvesti do svih vanih mjesta u Londonu. Cijene karata nisu tako skupe. Vi plaate
oko jednu funtu. Jedna funta je oko 2 Eura ili 1,50 amerikog dolara. Lijepi park je pored hotela. Nalazi se drvee i cvijee u
njemu (u parku). U centru parka nalazi se lijepa fontana. Mnogo ljudi dolazi u park svaki dan.
VOCABULARY
modern (m:dn) suvremen, moderan
eight (eit) osam
room (rum) soba
restaurant (rest:rnt) restoran
hall (h:ll) dvorana, predvorje
fitness room (fitnis ru:m) soba za
vjebanje
located (lukeitid) smjeten
of (v) od
every (evri) svaki
not (nt) ne
take (teik) uzeti, odvesti
place (pleis) mjesto
expensive (ikspensiv) skup
pound (pound) funta (novac)
lovely (lvli) krasan, lijep
tree (tri:) drvo, stablo
to (tu) do
with (wi) s, sa
eighty (eiti) osamdeset
there are ( a:) ima, nalazi se, postoji
conference (knfrns) konferencija
swimming pool (swimi pu:l) plivai
bazen
for (f:) za
centre (sent) centar, sredite
come (km) doi
station (stein) stanica
from (frm) od, iz
important (imp:tnt) vaan
too (tu:) previe, suvie
about (baut) o, okolo, oko
American (merikn) ameriki
near (ni) pored, blizu
beautiful (bju:tiful) prekrasan
currency (krnsi) valuta
CD 1 9
EXERCISES (ekssaizis) - VJEBE
I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1.
2.
3.
Je li on visok?
4.
Gdje je on sada?
5.
6.
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7.
RJEENJA
1. Ovo je na hotel.
2. Njegov auto je plavi.
3. Njihova soba je na treem katu.
4. Tvoj kofer je u liftu.
5. Gdje je njezina putovnica?
6. Va novac je na stolu.
7. Zato je moja soba tako skupa?
8. Gdje je naa soba?
9. Ona je na treem katu.
10. Ona ima veliki prozor.
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CD 2 5
Unit 9 Ninth unit (9th)
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18. they can get a special discount oni mogu dobiti posebni
popust
19. namely naime
20. Value Added Tax porez na dodanu vrijednost (PDV)
21. is given back vraa se (daje natrag)
22. shop assistant trgovaki pomonik
23. while he was talking dok je on razgovarao
24. they were patiently waiting oni su strpljivo ekali
25. their turn, my turn njihov red, moj red
26. mens department muki odjel
27. he takes size 50 (fifty) on nosi broj (veliinu) 50
28. a nice pair of gloves lijepi par rukavica
29. what size they took koju veliinu oni nose
30. extra help dodatna pomo
31. he excused himself on se ispriao
32. he went to meet Mr. Brown on je otiao sresti g. Browna
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VOCABULARY
busy (bizi) zauzet, zaposlen
to buy (bai) kupiti
shop window (p windu) izlog
while (wail) dok
area (ri) podruje, prostor
store (st:) trgovina
large (la:d) velik, prostran
like (laik) kao, nalik
trousers (trauz:z) hlae
sweater (swet:) vesta
womens (wiminz) enski
blouse (blauz) bluza
overcoat (uvkut) ogrta
high (hai) visoka
discount (diskaunt) popust
value (vlju) vrijednost
given back vraen
to take (teik) uzeti
country (kntri) zemlja
to wait (weit) ekati
to get to doi do
information (infmein) obavijest
to know (nu) znati
help (help) pomo
rang (r) prolo vrijeme od to ring
nearly (nili) skoro
cash desk (k desk) blagajna
get (get) dobiti
GRAMMAR - GRAMATIKA
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE PROLO TRAJNO VRIJEME
U ovoj vjebi obradit emo novo glagolsko vrijeme: PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE.
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE se tvori od PAST TENSE pomonog glagola TO BE i glavnog glagola s nastavkom -ING.
Primjer: to walk etati
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
INTERROGATIVE FORM
NEGATIVE FORM
I was walking.
you were walking.
Was I walking?
Were you walking?
he was walking.
she was walking.
it was walking.
Was he walking?
Was she walking?
Was it walking?
we were walking.
you were walking.
they were walking.
Were we walking?
Were you walking?
Were they walking?
Na hrvatski se to glagolsko vrijeme prevodi s naim prolim vremenom: ja sam etao, ti si etao, on je etao itd.
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To vrijeme se koristi za due radnje u prolosti ili ako je dua radnja prekinuta s kraom prolom radnjom.
Primjeri:
Ve smo prije istaknuli da se glagolska vremena u engleskome jeziku pojavljuju u dvije varijante. To su: SIMPLE TENSES obina
glagolska vremena i CONTINUOUS TENSES trajna glagolska vremena. Svako od tih vremena upotrebljava se za odreenu radnju.
Za sada ne moemo traiti da precizno nauite kada se koje vrijeme upotrebljava. To je zadatak koji trai due razdoblje uenja.
Ponovit emo koja vremena ve znademo.
Uzet emo glagol to talk razgovarati i navesti primjere uvijek u drugom licu ali u sva tri oblika (potvrdni, upitni i nijeni).
PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
I talk.
Do I talk?
I do not (dont) talk.
He talked.
Did he talk?
He did not (didnt) talk.
He was talking.
Was he talking?
He was not (wasnt) talking.
Jo nismo obradili.
U gornjom primjerima u zagradama se skraeni oblici koji se upotrebljavaju u govornom jeziku. U pisanom jeziku koriste se puni
oblici. Znai, do sada smo obradili pet glagolskih vremena.
Mi Vam savjetujemo, da ponovite od prve vjebe sve te oblike tako da se lake snaete u toj materiji koja postaje sve sloenija. Neka
Va moto postane: PONAVLJATI, PONAVLJATI, PONAVLJATI!
CD 2 7
EXERCISES - VJEBE
I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
1.
2.
to je on radio ujutro?
3.
to je on uradio prvo?
4.
5.
6.
to je ulica Oxford?
7.
8.
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9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
9.
to oni imaju?
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
to je on trebao?
17.
18.
19.
20.
Kako je on otiao?
II. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES INTO THE INTERROGATIVE AND NEGATIVE FORMS PREBACITE
SLJEDEE REENICE U UPITNI I NIJENI OBLIK:
1. They were playing football.
(Oni su igrali nogomet.)
2. She was travelling by plane.
(Oni su igrali nogomet.)
3. My friend was paying in cash.
(Moj prijatelj je plaao u gotovini.)
4. They were putting the food on the table.
(Oni su stavljali hranu na stol.)
5. He was doing his job.
(On je radio svoj posao.)
6. I was talking to him.
(Ja sam razgovarao sa njim.)
7. Mr. White was watching TV.
(Gospodin White je gledao TV.)
III. IN THE FOLLOWING EXAMPLES USE THE APPROPRIATE FORMS OF THE PAST TENSE (OBINO PROLO
VRIJEME ILI TRAJNO PROLO VRIJEME) U SLJEDEIM PRIMJERIMA UPOTRIJEBITE PRAVILNE OBLIKE
GLAGOLA U PROLOM VREMENU (PAST TENSE SIMPLE ILI CONTINUOUS).
THE GENERAL RULE IS THAT WE USE CONTINUOUS PAST TENSE FOR A LONGER ACTION AND SIMPLE
PAST TENSE FOR A SHORTER ACTION. IF WE HAVE TWO SIMULTANEOUS LONGER ACTIONS WE USE
CONTINUOUS PAST TENSE FOR BOTH ACTIONS OSNOVNO PRAVILO JE DA SE DUA RADNJA IZRAAVA
S CONTINUOUS OBLIKOM, A KRAA SA PAST TENSE SIMPLE. AKO IMAMO DVIJE ISTOVREMENE DUE
PROLE RADNJE OBJE SE SASTAVLJAJU U PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE.
1.
2.
She___________ (to do) her shopping when I ___________ (to meet) her.
She was doing her shopping when I met her.
(Ona je obavljala svoju kupovinu kada sam je sreo.)
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3.
They ___________ (to play) cards and we ___________ (to read) newspapers.
They were playing cards and we were reading newspapers.
(Oni su igrali karte a mi smo itali novine.)
4.
The children ___________ (to jump) on the couch when their mother __________(enter) the room.
The children were jumping on the couch when their mother entered the room.
(Djeca su skakala na kauu kada je njihova majka ula u sobu .)
5.
Mr. White___________(to look at) the shop windows when he___________(to meet) Mr. Brown.
Mr. White was looking at the shop windows when he met Mr. Brown.
(G. White je gledao izloge trgovina kada se susreo s g. Brownom.)
6.
They ___________ (to order) drinks at the bar when the bomb ___________ (to explode).
They were ordering drinks at the bar when the bomb exploded.
(Oni su naruivali pie kada je bomba eksplodirala.)
7.
She ___________ (to travel) for three hours before she ___________ (to arrive) in New York.
She was travelling for three hours before she arrived in New York.
(Ona je putovala tri sata prije nego stigla u New York.)
8.
The phone ___________ (to ring) for five minutes before he ___________ (to lift) the handset.
The phone was ringing for five minutes before he lifted the handset.
(Telefon je zvonio kroz pet minuta prije nego je on podigao slualicu.)
CD 2 8
DICTATION DIKTAT
SHOPPING
Mrs. Brown usually goes shopping on Saturday morning. She always goes to the womens department of large department
stores and looks at the fashionable clothes there. She likes dresses made of pure silk, pullovers of pure wool and shirts and
blouses made of pure cotton. She does not like artificial materials. Sometimes she also buys small presents for her husband,
like a pair of socks, a tie or a shirt. She generally pays by cheque or she uses her Diners or American Express Cards. It is much
more convenient. She never carries a lot of cash. She never forgets to have a look at the shoe department. Italian shoes made of
genuine leather are what she likes most.
When she was a student she liked casual wear. Tennis shoes, jeans, T-shirts and sweaters were her favourite clothes. Nowadays
as a businesswoman she cannot wear such clothes. She must be elegant and she follows fashion pretty much.
KUPOVINA
Ga. Brown obino ide u kupovinu u subotu ujutro. Ona uvijek ide u enski odjel velikih robnih kua i promatra modnu
odjeu tamo. Ona voli haljine nainjene od iste svile, pulovere od iste vune i koulje i bluze nainjene od istog pamuka. Ona
ne voli umjetne materijale. Ponekad ona takoer kupuje sitne poklone za svojeg supruga kao par arapa, kravatu ili koulju.
Ona uglavnom plaa ekom ili koristi svoje Diners ili American Express kartice. To je mnogo pogodnije. Ona nikad ne nosi
puno gotovine. Ona nikad ne zaboravi pogledati odjel sa cipelama. Talijanske cipele nainjene od prirodne koe su ono to se
njoj najvie svia.
Kada je bila studentica, sviala joj se (voljela je) neformalnu (sportsku) odjeu. Tenisice, traperice, majice s kratkim
rukavima i demperi su bile njezina omiljena odjea. U dananje doba, kao poslovna ena ona ne moe nositi takvu odjeu.
Ona mora biti elegantna i prilino prati modu.
VOCABULARY
usually (ju:uli) obino
department (dipa:tmnt) odjel
dress (dres) haljina
silk (silk) svila
shirt (:t) koulja
material (mtiril) materijal
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CD 2 25
Unit 14 Fourteenth unit (14th)
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
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VOCABULARY
board (b:d) paluba, daska
huge (hju:d) golem, ogroman
called (k:ld) nazvan, zvan
seat (si:t) sjedalo
economy (iknmi) ekonomija,
privreda
meal (mi:l) obrok (hrana)
to make (meik) uiniti
about (baut) oko
to watch (wt) gledati
comfortably (kmftbli) udobno
girlfriend (g:lfrend) djevojka
Olympic (:limpik) olimpijski
games (geimz) igre
to take place odrati se
to say (sei) / said (sed) / said (sed) rei
aboard (br:d) na palubu
gentlemen (dentlmn) gospoda
foot (fut) stopa
weather (we) vrijeme
outside (autsaid) vanjska
degree (digri:) stupanj (na toplomjeru)
local (lukl) lokalno, mjesno
to wish (wi) eljeti
to travel (trvl) putovati
scenery (sinri) krajolik
went (went) past tense od to go iao
time (taim) vrijeme, puta
if (if) ako
fantastic (fntstik) fantastian
heart (ha:t) srce
to come back (km bk) vratiti se
to continue (kntinju:) nastaviti
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GRAMMAR - GRAMATIKA
FUTURE CONTINUOUS TRAJNO BUDUE VRIJEME
Sigurno ste ve zapamtili da se sva glagolska vremena u engleskom jeziku pojavljuju u dvije varijante: SIMPLE (obino) i
CONTINUOUS (trajno).
Sjeate se da ve znamo sljedea glagolska vremena.
Uzet emo glagol to wait i varirati lica za svako vrijeme u sva tri oblika (potvrdni, upitni i nijeni oblik) mjenjajui lica.
POTVRDNI OBLIK
UPITNI OBLIK
NIJENI OBLIK
Do I wait?
ekam li ja?
Has he waited?
Je li on ekao?
Were we waiting?
Jesmo li ekali?
Would I wait?
Bih li ja ekao?
PRESENT SIMPLE
I wait.
Ja ekam.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
You are waiting.
Ti eka.
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
He has waited.
On je ekao.
PAST SIMPLE
She waited.
Ona je ekala.
PAST CONTINUOUS
We were waiting.
Mi smo ekali.
GOING TO FUTURE
You are going to wait.
Ti e ekati.
FUTURE SIMPLE
They will wait.
Oni e ekati.
CONDITIONAL SIMPLE
I would (Id) wait.
Ja bih ekao.
Sada emo sva ta vremena staviti na nau tabelu koja bi nam trebala olakati snalaenje. Na lijevu stranu stavljamo SIMPLE oblike, a
na desnu stranu CONTINUOUS oblike. Naziv glagolskog vremena je u sredini. Skraeni oblici su u zagradama.
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SIMPLE
I wait.
Ja ekam.
PRESENT
CONTINUOUS
I am (Im) waiting.
Ja (upravo) ekam.
SIMPLE
You have (youve) waited.
Ti si ekao.
PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
(Jo ga nismo obradili)
SIMPLE
He waited.
On je ekao.
PAST
CONTINUOUS
He was waiting.
On je ekao.
SIMPLE
She is going to wait.
Ona e ekati.
GOING TO FUTURE
CONTINUOUS
(Jo ga nismo obradili)
SIMPLE
We will (well) wait.
Mi emo ekati.
CONDITIONAL
CONTINUOUS
We will (well) be waiting.
Mi emo ekati.
SIMPLE
You would (youd) wait.
Vi biste ekali.
CONDITIONAL
CONTINUOUS
(Jo ga nismo obradili)
Ako usporedimo ovu tabelu s tabelom na strani 65, vidimo da nam se broj vremena poveao za nova glagolska vremena FUTURE
CONTINUOUS, GOING TO FUTURE i CONDITIONAL.
FUTURE CONTINUOUS se tvori tako da uzmemo FUTURE SIMPLE od pomonog glagola TO BE i dodamo mu infinitiv
glagola kojem dodajemo nastavak ING.
Za primjer uzimamo glagol TO WAIT.
NIJENI OBLIK
POTVRDNI OBLIK
UPITNI OBLIK
will I be waiting?
will you be waiting?
will he be waiting?
will she be waiting?
will it be waiting?
will we be waiting?
will you be waiting?
will they be waiting?
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CD 2 27
EXERCISES - VJEBE
I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
1.
2.
Kakav je to zrakoplov?
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
to e raditi putnici?
10.
11.
12.
to uini g. White?
13.
14.
15.
16.
to je on rekao?
17.
18.
19.
20.
to e on raditi?
21.
22.
23.
24.
to on mora nastaviti?
25.
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II. PUT THE VERBS IN BRACKETS INTO THE APPROPRIATE FORM OF THE FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
STAVI SLJEDEE GLAGOLE U ZAGRADAMA U ODGOVARAJUI OBLIK FUTURE CONTINUOUS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
III. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES INTO THE INTERROGATIVE AND NEGATIVE FORM PREBACITE
SLJEDEE REENICE U UPITNI I NIJENI OBLIK:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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CD 2 28
DICTATION DIKTAT
MORE ABOUT TENSES
The Future Continuous is not the only tense expressing futurity. Next time I will be speaking more about it. Now I would like
to give you some more examples of its use. Captain Harisson said: We will be flying for 8 hours and 10 minutes. So you can
see that this tense is used for a longer action in the future.
If you say: I will be studying when you get home tonight, you want to emphasize again a longer action in the future. There is
similarity with the following sentence: She was watching TV when her mother entered the room. Just as the Past Continuous
stands for a longer action in the past, the Future Continuous expresses a longer action in the future.
The more you study, the clearer it will be for all of you.
JO O GLAGOLSKIM VREMENIMA
Trajno budue vrijeme nije jedino vrijeme koje izraava budunost. Sljedei put vie u govoriti o njemu. Sada bih Vam elio
dati neto vie primjera njegove upotreba. Kapetan Harisson je rekao: Mi emo letjeti kroz 8 sati i 10 minuta. Tako Vi
moete vidjeti da se to glagolsko vrijeme koristi za duu radnju u budunosti.
Ako Vi kaete: ja u uiti (studirati) kada ti doe kui noas, Vi elite naglasiti ponovno duu radnju u budunosti. Postoji
slinost u sljedeim reenicama: Ona je gledala TV kada je njezina majka ula u sobu. Upravo kao to Past Continuous
(trajno prolo vrijeme) predstavlja duu radnju u prolosti, trajno budue vrijeme predstavlja duu radnju u budunosti.
to vie uite, jasnije e Vam to svima biti.
VOCABULARY
to express (ikspres) izraziti
time (taim) vrijeme
about (baut) okolo, o
to want (wnt) eljeti, traiti
to watch (wt) promatrati, gledati
use (ju:s) koritenje
some (sm) neto, neke
longer (lg) due
to emphasize (emfsaiz) naglasiti
to enter (ent) ui, ulaziti
CD 2 29
DICTATION DIKTAT
MY BEST FRIEND
Today I would like to tell you a few things about my best friend. Who would you think is my best friend? You are right. I
would call my dog, Ricky, my best friend.
Why would I call him my best friend? For many reasons. When I get home from work he is always the first to welcome me.
He never gets tired when I take him out for a walk. He walks for miles with me when I go jogging. I guess he would never
complain of his dogs life. We would not sell him for anything in the world. Who would make our life so interesting if not him?
And what would be the answer to this question: Would you like to have a dog like this? The answer is of course: Yes, we
would like to have a dog like this.
How much would you be ready to pay to have such a dog? Anybody would pay a fortune.
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VOCABULARY
best (best) najbolji
call (k:l) nazvati
reason (ri:zn) razlog
to welcome (welkm) zaeljeti
dobrodolicu
jogging (dgi) lagano tranje
to sell (sel) prodati
to make (meik) uiniti
like (laik) nalik, kao
such (st) takav
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