UMY

CNC/CAM
#4 G Codes Part 2

Tutik Sriani, S.T., M.Eng, PhD

Universitas
Muhammadiyah
Yogyakarta
www.umy.ac.id
1

1995

NC Milling: Cutter Radius Offset

1995
2

NC Milling: Cutter Radius Offset

Manual programming calculation of coordinates center
of mill-cutter calculate by hand

Manual offset only valid for one cutter (ex: .75 tool)
1995
3

CNC Milling: Cutter Radius Offset

Cutter radius offset: a feature of the control system that allows
programming a contour without knowing the exact diameter (radius)
of the cutter.
Considerations:
Unknown size of the cutter radius
Adjusting for the cutter wear, deflection, etc
Roughing and finishing operations
Maintaining machining tolerances, etc
Based on three items:
a. Points of the drawing contour
b. Specified direction of the cutter motion
c. Radius of the cutter stored in the control system
1995
4

CNC Milling: Cutter Radius Offset

Direction of cutter motion:

G41: Offset (compensation) of the cutter radius to the LEFT of the contouring direction
G42: Offset (compensation) of the cutter radius to the RIGHT of the contouring direction
G40: Cutter radius offset mode CANCEL
5

1995

CNC Milling: Cutter Radius Offset

Radius of the cutter

Four major keys to a successful use of the cutter radius offset feature:
1. To know how to start the offset
2. To know how to change the offset
3. To know how to end the offset
1995
4. To know what to watch between
6 the start and end

CNC Milling: Cutter Radius Offset

Start-up Methods : Always select the start position of the
cutter away from the contour, in the clear area

1995
7

CNC Milling: Cutter Radius Offset

Seq

Code

Explanation

N01 G90 G20

Absolute, imperial (inches)

N02 G17 G40

XY plane, cutter radius

compensation cancel,

N03 G54 G00 X-0.625 Y0.625 Z1.0 S920 M03

Work coordinate offset, start

position, spindle 920 rpm CW

N04 G01 Z-0.55 F25.0 M08

Tool infeed, P1

N05 G41 X0 D01 F15.0

Start offset use cutter D01

N06 Y1.125

P2

N07 X2.25 Y1.8561

P3

N08 Y0.625

P4

N09 G02 X1.625 Y0 CR0.625 P5

N10 G01 X-0.625

P1

N11

Safe position, cutter radius

compensation cancel, stop8

G00 G40 Y-0.625 Z5

M30

1995

CNC Turning: Tool Address

G00 T0214: Tool station 02, wear offset 14
G00 T1105: Tool station 11, wear offset 05
G00 T0404: Tool station 04, wear offset 04

Ex: T0204 will cause the turret to index to the tool station
#2 (first two digits) which will become the working station
(active tool). At the same time, the associated tool wear
offset number (the second pair of digits) will become
effective as well.
1995
9

CNC Turning: Tool Address

Tolerances: only on diameter, only on shoulders, both on diameter and shoulders
Sample of tolerances only on diameter using three cutter
The tolerances in all three examples are for
training purposes only and will be much smaller in
reality.
All chamfer tolerances are 0.010, and nonspecified tolerances are 0.005.
Material is a 1.5 inch aluminum bar and three
tools are used:
1. T01: for the face and rough contour
2. T03: for the finishing of the contour to size
3. T05: 0.125 wide part-off tool
1995

10

CNC Turning: Tool Address

Seq

Code

Explanation

(T01 Face and Rough Turn)

N01 G90 G20 T0100

Absolute, inches, tool #1, no wear

N02 G96 S500 M03

Constant surface speed, spindle CW

N03 G00 G41 X0.85 Z0

T0101 M08

Rapid move, cutter compensation left,

XZ-tool change position, tool #1 offset
01, coolant ON

N04 G01 X-0.07 F0.005

Facing with feedrate 0.005 in/rev

N05 Z0.1

Tool retract in +Z

N06 G00 G42 X0.775

Rapid move, cutter compensation

right, X position (radius)

N07 G71 P8 Q15 U0.04

F0.01

Rough cutting cycle, P8: start block of

rough contour cycle, Q14: end block of
rough contour cycle, U: 0.04 allowance
on diameter for rough cut, feedrate

N08 G00 X0.365

Rapid move to X0.365

N09 G01
11 X0.3125 Z-0.03
F0.003

Cut to XZ-position with feedrate 0.003

inch/rev

1995

CNC Turning: Tool Address

Seq

Code

Explanation

(T01 Face and Rough Turn)

N10 Z-0.4

Cut 1st block to Z 0.4 inch

N11

Cut chamfer length 0.03 in @ 1.0 inch

X0.5 C-0.03

N12 Z-0.75

Cut to Z 0.75 inch

N13 X0.6875 C-0.03

Cut chamfer length 0.03 in @ 1.375 inch

N14 Z-1.255

Cut to Z 1.255 inch (plus parting-off area)

N15 U0.2

0.2 allowance on diameter for rough cut

N16 G00 G40 X5.0

Z5.0 T0100

Rapid move to XZ position, cutter

compensation cancel, tool #1 no wear

N17 M01

Stop a running program temporarily

(T03 Finish Turn)

N18 G50 S3500
T0300

Reset scaling (if any), spindle 3500 rpm,

tool #3 with no wear

N19 G96 S750 M03

Constant surface speed, spindle1995

ON-CW

12

CNC Turning: Tool Address

Seq

Code

Explanation

(T03 Finish Turn)

N20 G00 G42 X0.85
Z0.1 T0313 M08

Rapid move to XZ position, cutter

radius compensation right, tool #3
wear offset 13, coolant ON

N21 X0.365

Move to X position

N22 G01 X0.3125 Z-0.03

F0.002

Cut 1st block to XZ position, feedrate

0.002 in/rev

N23 Z-0.4

Cut to Z 0.4

N24 X0.5 C-0.03

Cut chamfer length 0.03 inch

N25 Z-0.75

Cut to Z 0.75 in

N26 X0.6875 C-0.03

Cut chamfer length 0.03 inch

N27 Z-1.255

Cut to Z 1.255

N28 G00 G40 X5 Z5

Rapid move to XZ

N29 M01

Stop a running program temporarily

13

1995

CNC Turning: Tool Address

Seq

Code

Explanation

(T05 0.125 wide part off)

N30

T0500 S2000 M03

N31

G00 X0.85 Z-1.255 Rapid move to XZ position, tool #5

T0505 M08
wear offset 05, coolant ON

N32

G01 X0.6 F0.002

Cut to X 0.6 inch

N33

G00 X0.9

Rapid move to X position

N34

Z-1.1825

Rapid move to Z position

N35

G01 X0.5675 Z1.25 F0.001

Cut to XZ position

N36

X-0.02 F0.0015

Cut off

N37

G00 X5

Tool retract in X direction

N38

Z5 T0500 M09

Tool retract in Z, tool #5 no wear,

coolant OFF

N39

M30

Program stop

14

Tool #5 no wear, spindle CW

1995