WCDMA Access Problems Analysi

Internal
OWJ200203 WCDMA
Access Problems Analysis
ISSUE 1.0
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
www.huawei.com
All rights reserved
Access is associated with the call setup

success rate of the network. This KPI
can be optimized by means of Call
setup test and the consequent troubleshooting based on access failure
analysis.
HUAWEI Mexico Training Center
All rights reserved
Page 1
Upon completion of this course, you

will be able to:
Be familiar with the access
procedure in UMTS
Do analysis on access problems
All rights reserved
Page 2
Chapter 1 Analysis Flow of Access Failure

Chapter 2 The Adjust Methods for Access Failure
Chapter 3 Typical access failure cases
All rights reserved
Page 3

Section 1 The definitions about Access Failure
Section 2 The drive test data analysis flow
Section 3 The call statistic data analysis flow
All rights reserved
Page 4
The definitions of access failure

Access failure definitions
It will be considered as access failure if any following conditions
satisfied after RRC connection request initialed by UE
Receive RRC Connection Reject message
UE transmits or receives RRC Connection Release

message after receiving RRC Connection setup
UE receives any BCCH message in the call setup process
Timer expired, which means UE does not receive RRC
Connection setup in 3 seconds after RRC connection
request is transmitted.
All rights reserved
Page 5

Random access procedure failure UE does not

transmit RRC Connection Request message after dialing
RRC Connection Setup message is not received by UE
UE does not receive RRC connection setup message
after RRC connection request message is transmitted.
RRC Connection Setup Complete message is not transmitted
by UE
UE receives RRC Connection Reject message
UE does not receive measurement control message after
transmitting RRC Connection Setup Complete message
UE does not transmit CM service request message after
measurement control message is received.
All rights reserved
Page 6

UE receives Service Request Reject message
UE does not receive Call Proceeding message after
transmitting CM service request message
UE does not receive RB Setup message after receiving Call
proceeding message
UE does not transmit RB setup complete message after
receiving RB setup message
UE does not receive Alert or Connect after transmitting RB
setup message
UE does not transmit Connect Acknowledge message after
receiving Alert or connect message
All rights reserved
Page 7

All rights reserved
Page 8
The drive test data analysis flow

SubSub-flows about DT data analysis
Data analysis flow
Paging problems analysis flow
RRC connection request problems analysis flow
All rights reserved
Page 9

Data analysis flow
Analysis drive test data
Call Fail?
Y
Calling failure?
Received
paging
Paging
problems
Y
Y
RRC
connection
setup failure?
RRC setup problems
All rights reserved
Page 10

Data analysis flow
N
Is ciphering or
authentication
failure?
Ciphering or
authentication
problems
RAB
failure?
setup
to
RAB or RB
setup problems
Due
handover
Refer to call drop

due to handover
Abnormal problems
All rights reserved
Page 11

Data analysis flow
All rights reserved
Page 12

Paging problems
After finishing RAB assignment and call setup process (NAS), UE
received Disconnect message from CN instead of Alerting
message
The causes of paging problem have following types:
RNC does not transmit paging message
Too lower power allocated for PRACH or PICH
Cell reselection problems
All rights reserved
Page 13

Paging problem
RNC
transmit
page? Y
UE
receive
page N
Power too
low ?
Cell
reselection
problem ?
Equipment abnormal
problem
Adjust power
according
coverage
to
Optimize cell
reselect parameters
Abnormal
problem
All rights reserved
Page 14

RNC does not transmit paging message
RNC has received the paging message but does not transmit paging
message through Uu interface. The reasons could be:
Capacity of paging channel is not enough
Abnormal problem could happen in equipment.
Power allocation PRACH or PICH are too low
UE does not receive paging message if RNC has transmitted.
The interference is too high comparatively, which result in the poor
receiving signal quality of PRACH or PICH if Ec/Io of PCPICH. In
this case, higher power can be allocated to these two channels
It could also be the bad coverage if Ec/Io of PCPICH is too poor
All rights reserved
Page 15

Cell reselection
UE can not reselect to better cell in time
The cell reselection from 3G to 2G can also be the reason
by the reselection between two LAs.
All rights reserved
Page 16

Data analysis flow
All rights reserved
Page 17

RRC connection problems analysis flow
RRC connection setup process includes following steps:
UE transmits RRC Connection Request by RACH
RNC transmits RRC Connection Setup by FACH
UE transmits RRC Connection Setup CMP by DCH
The reasons for RRC setup failure could be :
Uplink RACH problem
Power allocation for Downlink FACH
Cell reselection parameters
Low initial power of downlink DPCH
Uplink power control
Congestion problem
Equipment abnormal problem
Page 18
All rights reserved

RRC setup problem
Does UE transmit RRC

connection request?
UE
abnormal
problem
Does RNC receive

RRC
connection
request?
adjust PRACH parameters
Does RNC transmit

RRC
connection
setup?
Other problem
All rights reserved
10
Page 19

Y
Does UE receive
RRC connection
setup
Does cell
reselection
happen?
Adjust FACH power
Optimize cell
reselection parameters
Does UE transmit
RRC
connection
setup complete
Adjust downlink initial

transmit power parameter
Adjust uplink DPCCH open

loop power control parameter
Does RNC receive

RRC
connection
setup complete
Y
All rights reserved
Page 20

The possible reasons for RRC connection establishment failure:
RACH
Usually, it could be the problem on RACH if the RNC does not receive
RRC Connection Request message. Meanwhile, the Ec/Io of CPICH is
normal
The cell reselection parameters
The improper parameters setting could result in that UE can not stay in
the best cell to initiate the access procedure
Lower power allocation for initial transmission power of downlink DPCH
The insufficient power of DPCH can cause the out of synchronization.
Uplink initial transmission power
The initial transmission power of PRACH
The initial transmission power of uplink DPCH
All rights reserved
11
Page 21

RRC connection
Node B
Serving RNS
UE
Serving
RNC
1. CCCH : RRC Connection Request

RRC
RRC
Allocate RNTI
Select L1 and L2
parameters
2. Radio Link Setup Request
NBAP
NBAP
Start RX
description
3. Radio Link Setup Response
NBAP
NBAP
4. ALCAP Iub Data Transport Bearer Setup

5. Downlink Synchronisation
DCH - FP
6. Uplink Synchronisation
DCH - FP
DCH - FP
DCH - FP
Start TX
description
7. CCCH : RRC Connection Set up
RRC
RRC
8. Radio Link Restore Indication
NBAP
NBAP
9. DCCH : RRC Connection Setup Complete
RRC
RRC
All rights reserved
Page 22

All rights reserved
12
Page 23
The call statistic data analysis flow

Check RAB setup success rate and RRC setup success rate in
traffic statistics data
Get familiar with the network operating situation, and then position the
specific area for the problems
The RRC/RAB setup success rate are calculated by the following
formulas:
Number of RRCs set up in all four QoS s ervices

100 %
Number of RRC reques ts in all four QoS s ervices
Number of RABs set up in all four QoS s ervices
RABSetupSu ccRate =
100 %
Number of RAB reques ts in all four QoS s ervices
RRCSetupSu ccRate =
CallSetupS uccRate = RRCSetupSu ccRate RABSetupSu ccRate 100 %
Page 24
All rights reserved

Call Statistic Data Analysis Flow chart
Analysis access indices in
RNC call statistic data
Analysis
access
index about cell
Check system
alarm
Solve problem of
equipment abnormal
RRC
setup
success rate is
too low
Solve problem of
RRC setup failure
All rights reserved
13
Page 25

Call Statistic Data Analysis Flow chart
N
RAB setup
success rate is
too low
Solve problem of
RAB
setup
failure
RB
setup
success rate is
too low
Solve problem of
RB setup failure
paging
success rate
is too low
Solve problem of
paging failure
Y
over
All rights reserved
Page 26

All rights reserved
14
Page 27

Section 1 project parameters
Section 2 cell parameters
All rights reserved
Page 28
Project parameters
Project parameters main include antenna azimuth, antenna
tilt, antenna gain, antenna direction,etc.
In general, project parameters can be adjusted only in poor

coverage condition.
The influence on the original coverage quality has to be

considered when adjusting the project parameters.
All rights reserved
15
Page 29

Section 1 project parameters
Section 2 cell parameters
All rights reserved
Page 30
Cell parameters
Physical channels parameters
Transmission power of FACH, PCH and PICH
In the edge of cell, UE can not receive the signaling or
service correctly if the transmission power is too low. But on
the contrary, higher transmission power can increase the
interference, which can result in the decline of adjacent
cells capacity
Transmission power of AICH
In the edge of cell, UE can not receive the AI if the power is
too low
PRACH
The maximum times of retransmission for preamble
The power ramping step
The power offset between preamble and message
All rights reserved
16
Page 31
Cell parameters
Qhyst:
This parameter is use to avoid ping-pang cell reselection in
the cell edge. Ping-pang cell reselection will cause signaling
load increase and waste power of UE because of frequent
cell reselection, LA update or URA update.
The parameter value is related to local slowing fade
characteristics.
Treselections
The duration time that target cell signal quality is better than
current camp cell is longer than Treselections. The cell will
be selected to the camping cell.
The parameter is use to avoid ping-pang cell reselection
All rights reserved
Page 32
Cell parameters
Sintrasearch
Sintrasearch is the threshold for intra-frequency cells
measurement. When the RSCP of current cell is less than
Qrxlevmin+2 Sintrasearch, the measurement will be initiated.
It will influence on the rapidity of cell reselection, and then the
access success rate.
This value could be set as great as possible if the UE battery is not
a problem
All rights reserved
17
Page 33

All rights reserved
Page 34
Typical Access Failure Cases

Paging problems
Inappropriate Setting for the power of PCH and PICH
UE cant receive paging message correctly when PICH and PCH
power are too low. The power could be increased with the poor
network coverage
The paging message is being transmitted while UE is doing LA update
It mainly happens the procedure of inter-system cell reselection.
UE leaves the network without detach procedure
CN does not receive the LA update from UE periodically
UE is out of service area for a long time
Inappropriate operation, such as unplug battery of UE directly, or
SIM card directly
All rights reserved
18
Page 35

Cell reselection problem
UE transmitted RRC Connection Request message twice in different cells

And the interval between them is 1.2s
All rights reserved
Page 36

Cell reselection problem
Reasons
UE did not initiate the reselection in time
Solution methods
The Tselections could be minimized, but the default value is
already the minimum.
Minimize the Qhyst2 value, but the reselection is still not in
time. On the contrary, the ping-pong cell reselection
happened
Do not modify Qhyst2, but increase the Sintrasearch value.
Since the measurement is initiated earlier, the reselection
can happed earlier too.
All rights reserved
19
Page 37

RRC connection problems
The calling success rate and called success rate are greater than 97% from KPI,
but RRC establishment success rate is about 94% from traffic statistic
After analysis, the RRC Connection Request retransmission is the result of
following reasons:
The area with good downlink coverage
RNC can not receive the RRC Connection Request

message from UE in uplink
The area with poor downlink coverage
UE can not receive RRC Connection Setup from RNC in

downlink
After UE transmits RRC Connection Request

message, the cell quality decreased sharply, and UE
has to do cell reselection immediately
After cell reselection, UE retransmits the RRC

Connection Request in new cell
Cell phone abnormal
Other reasons
UE dose not transmit RRC Connection Request after

receiving paging
All rights reserved
Page 38

RRC connection problems
Solution
Adjust the maximum preamble retransmission times from 8 to 20
Increase the transmission power of PRACH and FACH
Experimental conclusion
The error of initial preamble transmission power, which is calculated by the
open loop power control, could be +/-9dB, or even +/-12dB
The preamble power climbing step is 2dB, and the error could be +/-1.5dB
If the outside interference is higher 10dB, enough margin should be given
for the preamble transmission power
Increase the FACH power from the default value -1dB to +1dB
Increase the access success rate in the condition that Ec/Io is -14dB
All rights reserved
20
Page 39

RAB or RB establishment problems
Establishment request is refused
The register information in HLR is not identical with the service
request
The request is beyond the ability of UE
If the service request is beyond the ability of UE, SGSN will
renegotiate QoS to initiate a new RAB assignment again till the
ability of UE can satisfy the QoS. Usually, the maximum data rate is
same as the maximum ability of UE
If the maximum ability of UE still can not support the QoS, the RAB
establishment is failed.
All rights reserved
Page 40

Handover problems
Handover can also happen
in the process from RRC
Connection complete to
RAB assignment complete
or RB establishment
complete
The following figure is the

RNC signaling trace for
single UE
All rights reserved
21
Page 41

Handover problems
Cell signaling strength record
From the record, the strength of cell 121 decreased sharply.

Meanwhile, RNC transmitted ActiveSet Update. But UE can not
receive it
To solve this problem, the handover parameters should be adjusted to
make it happen earlier
All rights reserved
Thank You
www.huawei.com
22
Page 42

WCDMA Access Problems Analysi

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

WCDMA Access Problems Analysi

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Internal

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

Access is associated with the call setup

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

All rights reserved

Upon completion of this course, you

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

Chapter 1 Analysis Flow of Access Failure

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

All rights reserved

Chapter 1 Analysis Flow of Access Failure

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

The definitions of access failure

Receive RRC Connection Reject message

UE transmits or receives RRC Connection Release

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

All rights reserved

The definitions of access failure

Random access procedure failure UE does not

All rights reserved

The definitions of access failure

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

All rights reserved

Chapter 1 Analysis Flow of Access Failure

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

The drive test data analysis flow

Data analysis flow

Paging problems analysis flow

RRC connection request problems analysis flow

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

All rights reserved

The drive test data analysis flow

RRC setup problems

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

The drive test data analysis flow

Refer to call drop

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

All rights reserved

The drive test data analysis flow

Data analysis flow

Paging problems analysis flow

RRC connection request problems analysis flow

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

The drive test data analysis flow

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI Mexico Training Center

All rights reserved

The drive test data analysis flow

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

All rights reserved

The drive test data analysis flow

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.