12/30/2014

5 Concepts for becoming a Computer Science Engineer

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5 Concepts for becoming a

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Acomputerscienceengineerisscientificand
practicalinhis/herapproachtocomputationandits
applications.Beingthoroughlyversedabout
softwareandhardwareprocesses,acomputer
scienceengineerdrawsalmost$89,000peryear.
Jumpingtocodingdoesnthelp.Itsadvisableto
startwiththebasics.Hereare5conceptsyou
shoulddotobecomeacomputerscience
engineer

1.ComputerOrganization
Firstthingsfirst.Withoutadetailedknowledge
aboutcomputerarchitecture,itwillbedifficultto
proceedfurther.Computerarchitecturedealswith
computermemory,RAM,ROM,CPU,ALU,
Registers,I/Oports,Cache,32/64bit,architecture
andotherpartsthatmakeupthecomputer.Along
withthis,italsoreferstotherelationbetweenthe
hardwarecomponents.

2.OperatingSystem
Afterunderstandingthebasicsofcomputer
architecture,nextcomesOSorOperatingSystem.
OSisaprogramthatafterbeingloadedina
computerbyabootprogramisresponsiblefor
runningallotherprograms(otherwisecalled
applicationsprograms).
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12/30/2014

5 Concepts for becoming a Computer Science Engineer

ThecentralcomponentofanOSisaKernel.
Kernelismorelikeaninterfacebetweenthe
hardwareandtheuserapplications.Kernelis
responsibleformanagingthecommunication
betweenthehardware(diskmemory,CPU,etc)
andsoftware.ItisresponsibleforProcess
Management,DeviceManagement,memory
Management,Interrupthandling,I/O
communication,andmuchmore.Whilechoosingto
learnanOS,thefirstchoiceisLINUX.Linuxcan
besaidasakernelsinceitdoesnotinclude
applicationslikesystemadministratorcommands,
compilers,texteditors,filesystems,etc.Linuxwas
designedtoprovidepersonalcomputerusersa
freeOSincontrasttoexpensiveWindowsOS.
Linuxisreputedtobethefirstchoicebecauseitis
extremelyefficient,robustandsecure.

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3.API

App Development

TheapplicationprogramsusesOSbysending
requestsforservicesviaadefinedprogramknown
asApplicationProgramInterfaceorAPI.A
computerScienceengineershouldbewellversed
withOSandAPI.TheymustalsobeawareofC
APIandSystemCalls.
CAPI(CommonApplicationProgramming
Interface)canbeusedtoinitiateaswellas
terminatephonecallsISDNequippedcomputers.It
includesdataexchangeprotocolandsignaling.
Systemcalls,ontheotherhand,refertohow
userspaceprogramsandkernelinteractwitheach
other.Alistofallregisteredsystemcallsis
maintainedinthesystemcalltable,whichassigns
eachauniquenumber.Thenumberscannotbe
changedorrecycled.Differentoperatingsystems
anddifferentversionsofanoperatingsystemfor
useondifferenttypesofprocessorshavedifferent
numbers.Usually,Systemcallsarenotquitegood
withoutarguments.

4.DBMSanditstypes
DataBaseManagementSystemreferstoa
collectionofprogramsenablingyoutostore,
modifyandextractinformationfromadatabase.
DBMSsvaryfromsmallusedinpersonal
computerstohugerunningonmainframes.Types
ofDBMSRelational,Hierarchical,andNetworking.
Whendatabaserelationshipsaretreatedinformof
atable,itisreferredasRelationalDatabase.There
arethreemainaspectsinvolvedinRelational
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12/30/2014

5 Concepts for becoming a Computer Science Engineer

DBMS:relation,domain,andattributes.
AdatabaseissaidtobeanetworkDBMSwhen
therelationshipbetweendataresemblesthatof
manytomanytype.Thisrelationofmanytomany
resemblesanetworkandcomesinastructureofa
graph.

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Therelationbetweendataissaidtohierarchical
whenonedataactslikeasubordinateofanother.
Inthistreestructure,nobackwardmovementis
possibleorallowed,tobeprecise.

5.ProgrammingParadigm
Acomputerengineerneedstobewellversedwith
programmingparadigmsaswell.Programming
paradigmisabasicstyleofcomputer
programming.Itisawaybywhichelementsand
structureofacomputerprogramarebuiltup.There
aresixtypesofparadigms:imperative,declarative,
functional,objectoriented,logicandsymbolic.
Objectorientedprogramminglanguagemodelis
organizedaroundobjectsanddatainsteadof
actionsandlogic.ThefirststeptoOOPisdata
modeling.Datamodelingisidentifyingallthe
objectsyouwishtomanipulateandalso
understandhowtheyarerelatedtoeachother.
SimulawasthefirstObjectOrientedlanguage.
OtherlanguagesincludeJava,Python,C++,Visual
Basic,.NETandRuby.
Imperativeprogrammingisbasedonprocedural
languageswhileindeclarativeprogrammingthe
computerisinstructedabouttheproblemsrather
thanhowtosolvethesame.Functional
programmingisasubsetofdeclarative
programming.Programswrittenwiththisparadigm
dealswithfunctions,methodsofcodesthatbehave
likemathematicalfunctions.Itdiscouragesany
changesinthevaluesofthevariablesvia
assignment.Itmakesuseofrecursionsinstead.
Logicprogrammingviewscomputationas
automatedreasoningwhilesymbolicprogramming
describesaprogramthatarecapableof
manipulatingformulasandprogramcomponents
asdata.
Anotheraspectofprogrammingparadigmis
multipleparadigminwhichoneprogramming
languagesupportsmorethanoneprogramming
paradigm.
Thesearethebasicfivestepstobecomea
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12/30/2014

5 Concepts for becoming a Computer Science Engineer

computerscienceengineer.Steeringacomputer
engineeringcareerisnowbecomingmoreand
moreeasysincethejobtrendsfortheseengineers
areonarise.Learnthebasicsbeforeyoujump
intocoding.
EditorsNote:Weteachprogrammingandhost
hackathonsaswell.Registerwithustohavean
interactivelearningexperience.

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5 Concepts for becoming a Computer Science Engineer

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