Topic: Presidents of the

Republic of the Philippines

Learning Targets:
Identify the achievements of the different

administrations after Pres. Osmea.

Compare and contrast their achievements

President of the Philippines

The President of the Philippines is the head of

state and government of the Republic of the

Philippines.
The executive power is vested in the President of the

Philippines.

PART 1 (Roxas, Quirino and

Magsaysay)

Manuel Roxas (Fifth President)

He was inaugurated

on July 4, 1946, the

day the U.S.
government granted
political independence
to its colony.

Achievements and Problems

greatest achievements,
graft and corruption in the
namely: the ratification of the government, as evidenced by
Bell Trade Act
the Surplus of War Property
the inclusion of the Parity Scandal, Chinese
Amendment in the
Immigration Quota Scandal,
Constitution;
School Supplies Scandal:
the signing of the 1947
failure to check the
Military Bases Agreement
Communist HUK movement.
Rehabilitation
adopted the pro-American
policy.

Elpidio Quirino (Sixth President)

After the war, Quirino

continued public service,

becoming president pro
tempore of the Senate.
In 1946, he was elected
first vice president of the
independent Republic of
the Philippines, serving
under Manuel Roxas. He
also served as secretary
of state.

Achievements and Problems

the economic
reconstruction of the nation

lack of Funds

Creation of PACSA and

ACCFA

Wasteful spending of the

people's money in
extravagant junkets abroad

HUK Problem: Terrorism

the restoration of the faith and Disruption of Peace and
and confidence of the people
order
in the government.

frauds and terrorism

committed by the Liberal
Party moguls in the 1947,
1949 and 1951 elections

Ramon Magsaysay (Seventh President)

He is known as president

of the masses
He was sworn into office
wearing the Barong
Tagalog, a first by a
Philippine president.
During his term, he made
Malacaang Palace
literally a "house of the
people", opening its gates
to the public.

Achievements and Problems

established the National
Impending projects
Resettlement and
Rehabilitation Administration Lack of enough funds
(NARRA) to resettle
Graft and corruption
dissidents and landless
farmers
he was killed in a plane
stopped the HUK
crash before the end of his
communist rebellion
term
established the SEATO:
Southeast Asia Treaty
Organization

Part 2 (Garcia, Macapagal and

Marcos)

Carlos Garcia (Eighth President)

known for his "Filipino

First" policy, which put

the interests of the
Filipino people above
those of foreigners and
of the ruling party.
was a Filipino teacher,
poet, orator, lawyer,
public official, and
guerrilla leader.

Achievements and Problems

the Filipino First Policy
put the rights of Filipinos
above those of foreigners

lack of treasury funds

aimed at boosting the

economy and obtaining
greater economic
independence.

impending projects

reviving old Filipino

cultural traditions

huge national debt

graft and corruption

Diosdado Macapagal (Ninth President)

Poor boy from Lubao
Legal assistant to

President Manuel L.
Quezon and President
Jose P. Laurel in
Malacaang Palace

Achievements and Problems

fought to suppress graft
and corruption within the
government and also tax
evasion.

Acute problem in
unemployment
Widespread mass poverty

passed the Land Reform Graft and corruption

Bill which freed many
problem
farmers from slavery as
tenant farmers
Lack of treasury funds
forming of Maphilindo
(Malaysia, the Philippines
and Indonesia) through a
foreign policy
changed the Independence
Day to June 12 from July 4

Ferdinand Marcos (Tenth President)

It is generally known

that Marcos had the

most infrastructure and
constitutional
accomplishments,
which were equivalent
to those of all former
presidents of the
Philippines.

Achievements
immediate construction of declared martial law on
roads, bridges and public
September 21, 1972
works
replaced the colonial 1935
revitalization of the
judiciary, the national defense Constitution. The new
constitution went into effect
posture
in early 1973, changing the
mobilized the manpower
form of government from
and resources of the Armed
Presidential to Parliamentary
Forces of the Philippines
allowing Marcos to stay in
(AFP)
power beyond 1973
hired technocrats and
highly educated persons to
form part of the cabinet

Problems
political mismanagement
by his relatives and cronies
having looted billions of
dollars from the Filipino
treasury

the People Power

Movement drove Marcos
into exile, and installed
Corazon Aquino as the new
president

the Philippine government

today is still paying interests
on more than US$28 billion
public debts incurred during
his administration

notorious nepotist,
appointing family members
and close friends to high
positions in his cabinet