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Quarks and Leptons Halzen Solutions
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Problem 1: Explores spinless particles and angular momentum orbital configurations, demonstrating various calculations of angular momentum. Halzen and Martin 2.12: Discusses symmetry and antisymmetry in quantum mechanics, utilizing diagrams to illustrate methods for reading problem sets from Halzen and Martin texts. Symmetry Considerations: Analyzes wavefunction derivations and symmetry implications in quantum systems, supported by comprehensive formulae. Numerical Approximation and Data Analysis: Presents calculations of baryonic properties using SU(3) symmetry assumptions, with data comparison. Halzen and Martin 2.18 to 2.30: Evaluates particle interactions as referenced in Halzen and Martin chapters 2.18 to 2.30, covering advanced quantum mechanical models. Halzen and Martin 2.31: Continuity of particle physics exploration, extending to mesonic states and energy level calculations. Advanced Quark Model Analysis: Delves into quark model implications and their symmetries, elucidating transformations and interactions. Halzen and Martin 2.22: Illustrates decay processes and forbidden states, utilizing diagrams for clarity on allowed transitions. Decay Pathways and Conservation: Explores strong and electroweak decay possibilities, applying conservation laws to analyze potential decay outcomes. Isospin States and Symmetry: Discussion on isospin states symmetry within a quantum mechanics framework, focusing on denotation and representation of symmetry. Ei Ae ME | HE i
_—«[PHYSI¢s 225 A- Homework we [A Co)
4 Or) T spinless, aC angur momentum orbitad
Poa C1) => Tota 2t
This does not expen quentum numbers of ecteal mesons,
24 TA OF
) Plavyys YC +E!
L=o — J=4 —» 47 [ees wrth
Lod —¥ Tr04,2 —» 07,4721. | preudosca@ar meson
L220 —e Jo4,2,.3 —e 17/25/34 Quentum number
(0) 3@3 = 663 (Walzer aud Martin, Figure 2-6)
©) 6 bn Flovor symmetic , one isospin Hiplet 7
One tsespin doubler
ne —Isespin Stnglex
|
By Flevor outisymmetitc one isospin doublet v7
"ene (sespin singer |
(e) Lowest mon, boo => Ps (-1h = +
[Y>= Ispind [Spaced |Flevor> [cole >
syyanotuie X ant isymuetic
for
Le?
S-4 symmeticc => 6 rep tseutition
~—P
xe qt
Sao auticymmetiuc —> ZB represeatebon Tot
’ Ete eee EE HUE EEE EME (2)
@® Halzen ond Movin 247
| 30303: 4@8@ Bed
The 10 i filly symmetice — U0%yoz Ee (ude + usd s dus s sud rsdu sds
The 1 i totally ontisymmotiic
[tu = Fe (ads -usd das - sd +sudtdus)
“Was must be because (4) dll feces muct oppear witti |
Squat footsgs |
&) Acting wit Te, Ut Ve D mst
| dllgeys get zero. |
There ore four more uds states belonging to He tuo 8
| P,
'S" and “A" refer te symmetiy Joust syrmnohiog undor intercecuge
fh 1472
Re fe [ (udeds) a - auud | Holeen & Hortin 2.62.
fy = & [nd-du]o Holzer ¢ Herkin 2.60 |
Roisiug, ad Powering operctirs |
Ms, ye d 4
| OK: MY |
| Vv. UL | This ts is dso Sbnous becous. it i Hae only coulis a rd
WP z, [ees multiplicative content —
T will resfore normabizetion ob the eud
: (Ei ~ ws-252) a 5 ~ Gs-si)e+(urss)d
: | So = & (dsu-sdu sued -sud) | (Redor of % Faw ornobret)
The singlet state Ap must be (1) outisym wrth respest ® 1e>2
@ Grth ofonel te Se us
F cou vate Wess 2 { [es -sd)u + Den us Je =[d-d-]3}
G24 5 Cas -sdJou + (us-s9d3
|
Clearly ER ond | Ry, cre orthegone& |
2STAEDTLER'
| Ni, wi be something ike
Ne ~ @ (ds-sdJu + blus-sjd + cfud-de]s
(Tr eadar for Ag eto be orthogonal 4 Ey ae-b
a> OM} 9 [ds-sd]un sa fsuus]dt eLad-di]s
| Bur e2-20
| And_+o get the nowiclizetion vig BAT
| |, ae ' [as-sd Ja + [5-usiJd ~ 2G duds 3 \
[abe Ure St Or elo lced
Zo ~Gses)u-wes BEER GerDietsey, STAEDTLER’
| | eC
BP~ DES ~dsisdu sseadd —2uds-2dus
Resteriug tre normeZizetion
|= He [ered ue Dredd ~ 2h h]53 |
Ng must be © Symmetie 12
© orthogonal to = 2
. orthogonal te Mor
Wate Age ~ afdse sdJu + bluse sud + ¢ Gada dus
| Oelb <=o =P etbic =n
Seluhon is cz ,as-b A= £ § [as-saJu - bsvs}4}
@ Holeen oud Kettn 24% aur Cia
aad Faas
dss ss
Es Hs wocePunckton com be obtiined fou the proten
with the tep€ecenent d—o>s
= Since fe (4 fu-hy ) Yes “Eppa
Sat ee
= 1) Some ao neation | bu with ups ee $444 1,
=: Seume © proton, but unth Us de
on lp)
[= + Some 57 buk wth sea dos &
y
5
a
5
hi
a
|
[We can obtain the E° wevePanction frou the
S* (obtained from the protn with dos) ot
pPeying, amas
Jett > : i Jutus sts ubutst -2ututsy + permatitions |
||e°t>- iE [itus st ut dy cts dvutste udtst
~2dtutst —2utdtsy + permueton]
ee ag [Oaehemd) (Meda tps) + (Purrerre
(pot pa te) +4 (Mabe Ac) 44 ha tus apy] x3
©
se: [A (1-4-4 44 44 44) ts (detent 44 4 Reale
Ma l-t44-44444 7] 5 4 Bya + 8fu- the)
hae 2 a [Bhat pap |
The A ib om isospin singlet Somety boxer ktetens|
ell us thot we con ony arite Ue oo
|at> = [ [ut ab - daub) st — (usdt-dbut) st
+ permutetions |
bye % (Qernettey © Ou bathe + (Heth ope) + -Atporn
a 7g [A (t-to4) thy (-4 44 t4-4) + Ms (1444 te4))| SEDTLER
| | ©
Nous nutri colly : “taming perfec Suis) eS
Bu? -2fg~-2fhs
Mer 3 lta)? & 3 (- BM Ma)= 3
Also Je 2.79 oy => by = - 093 My,
|
nucleo
GATAD mosnckor
| Lnetlentalds ; eet aoe
meen: Pe 3 am, en an 2my
| Nucleon |
Then es C43 My Hv My 0.36 m, Speers
emp =
|
Bagion CALCULATED ja Su (3) APFROK DATA
P 45 (4uu) 3g 279 uy Cuno) |
n Ya UMa- fe) —® 2M = 186m, 1 My, |
ae % (4fa-Be) —e - 3M = 2.78, 2046 My,
% (4fa-Ms) ——>
= 2.43 y= lel My
sie 5 (2 fat 2h ho). > =H, > 4098), ie
= a (4Ms- Mag) My = By —O.8S ty) |
Sere evi (4s -Mu) b> 24, = - (86h 125 Ky
A Ms a 2-8 93 y, =2.61 py,
ial ae RL Re (©) Hobaen = Hontin ZIG
| let? [& Xe (usd - BX (May
fee G (addin ee [(udedudu-auudy
% (Wa) =f (tut - Lor) X (Me) = PE [Mt vt#- 2174)
(Tends a, [ude aun (Ntevtt- 20) ] +
-é, [wens du -2uud) (Ay t- 41) ]
tt
‘lets [ we (2 Vtt 2910) + dun (oOG8 -2 741)
taund (Nbt- vet) |
@STHEDTLER’
Pes 2a | fa +4 ha tM tts +s +4) = Yy
For the neation, TF pus replere Uae d = Aye My |
So My 2 fu bak fye-2hy = 4/4
| Fa acecesul aac en
Heber oud Mertin 230
- 2
Se 5% He = 208-8) 25,
| Gea ota EZ. ash |W
Se SS & (494) = %& st, 2 $(St1)
Also Beis, S> G'r3 anol GAZ
Equotion 1) becomes |
| B43 4+ 2G 245054) No. 937 8
Engi
2)/STAEDTLER®
=
Wade = 25(SH)-3
for the 1 [r= met my 3a. ea Se
Paty
*
Por the Kk |e mam, +2 Sina] Sed |
Mats |
|
Thea, 1 unts of Gev) az O16 mo = 0, 01s4
4, t 2m.-2,: 2+ 16S - 3+ 0.0184 ~ 3.2q Gey expt 2.98 GeV
etsy Sao are
Uhh: amet Bs 27 LOS +O.0184 = 234 Gey expt [Link] Gel
te O655e Tae
D = |65+ 0314 - Zo0Sy _ 1,83 GeV
a
Q69).8-8) expt 1 BFGev
Do (FV! Mer ms - Be = 1.654048 - eos )* 2ZOLGEY
mem. 65) (0.48)
a HU expt 14RGel-
*
D s Me smy + A 2 AW GeV expt 2.01GeV
meme foe —
DS (FA): meamp +e . 2s Gel expt [Link] GeV
Mam, — 3%. 0.14 GY expt O14 GeV
Met my + 2 2 O1BGEY expt 077%Gelr
Myetmse 32 . O46 Ge expt O49 Gol
Prams
MxM +_%@ = 0.89GV ee, 0.62 Gel
eeu = 289 Gol pt. Ue eel~. |
Shyer te, 2m, + a = ).03Gey expt 1-02 ev
as eee Me-m, = MAG 0.63 GeV
Memes [m(0t)- m(ns)] = 415 eV
(Gse-RY -4st,
= 2
a A 2 ERE = 4 She,
oy 6
O23 (see previous problen)
= 2 a a
q+ 2 By 8a 4Smr , FG + 2 her Ye
en ed
o 1S
54
For the AB, Sort & (Ba) =!
For the ON, subs (ee = %
| Then | using mysmg=m
m (AB): 8m+ a! S days amea) Pe 97. amy 3a!
art ame L a2 @ 2m?
h(N)= Bm4 0! SES = mis’ [2-4 Se,
2me oy peels vate 3a.
m(A)-m(n\: @ 6a’. ga’
2m? tm
Bor the T, prenous proble mm) 22m ~ 3a
ae
| For the P, previous problen. m(e)22m4 a
: a.
|a=2 4 ea we get eae}
Ms [me)- m(k)] = 0.62.6 i Fn()-meay)= NdSéel ™m(P)- mer) = 42! , oT Im (4)-m(w)= % [mie)-meny|
: Habeen ond Hertin 2,32
2! Nel Tet Tae Se toahe
2” hw T=! Ty+-| EB ~ dds |
2S? coupdlés te tint F°~ (udidu) s
A ea he ae q
Ground stele ,L>0 > 94 ie weve function symmeteie
Total each ch Wate bo orga |
Fir %, 99 Aavor symmelie => Spin symnetire =P Saget |
2SAEDTLER®
For A 99 Hever antisymmetric @ Spin eutsymmetuc => Seqeo
Sip = GSE) BP SiS a Gee Se sty
br €: Feo = Z (alter) ~ BE) 4d) ] = 4
ro Al ts 3, 4 [e+)- 44) 2] =~ %
Now consider
FPA (F + Be (Se BY
I: Spr 2S, + 2 Swe Ss
Se Sr 5% = (S42 [3*~ Sek 53)
° ae
Ns 38% Servo S24 => (S45)8, 2 0
|
2: T2K Seri Spee 2 (8 48)5 = -t o
x oe
252 52% Smee! S42 aGeB)G ark = ae _@
| Equetion (2. 42), using th Myitty dud 5-4
(hd using the tesult Yrom HPH~2.30)
= ey ay ras 5 ey a
m (Ag) = 2my+mq + 2 At Sa J+ mo Ba
m (ZQd= 2ma + mg +20 ae ¢ cw 2 Mgt 28! [1 By
cana mele ma —
Im (2%) \F 2mq+ mgt se 2: im, +2 fee i
Be Then m(&)-m(A,) 2 2a’ » 3a” ga!
#8 (2,)-m(A.) B®, int” Fe Ga a] = OMe
ra
§j e
5 | m (2)-m (A) = pera
5
@ | AM(c)= 20’ m,-m, eu AM(s)= Mem,
| Me Me me Ms
2 AM (s) MH Ms
Me
Hobzea oud Metin 2.22 |
D> Kitt lea> > [sa>+ lud>
‘ <
K
| c
Do KUT 7 ALLOWED 16 DTT” no stauge quorte in Pinel state
Stace ews , ts does not occur
(Well, i docs, but it 1s suppresteel )
cowed rons ton)
| Da kt two sheuge quorks m final state - |
Tne Con come fiom C—>s _ The ofte—
One Cannot come frou $755 unless Hare
¢
(S @ stracge perticle- Nor ollowed _ |
(Atially this be occurs but if 1S suppressant
Cad wh gas |
gore) |
E
;
a
fe Die kl hh eta see |
(Actucly it occurs, but it rs Suppressed
tice CW's ; |
| Gar
Bakr pos eee Gabe ae
< DSi [bed | eta b bos bit he coe:
zl
DQ hy S+-3 (strougeness ) D=0 wen |
Bet Kz472 Mev
ig
| Heong wnat lech rou eguete Wlerections conserve |
Stree peness- for this to Aopen, 3 poss) biltes
|) Gould decay nts Lge bergen , Sty Pern
cud 3K _ Ml2>) - Kp) = 72-138 He’
= 73¢ Kev = i)
But M(kK)= 494 MeV, BM(K) > 134 Nev
(“or pessietd
z | () Could decey info S=-2 boryon + Z keons
| &2 foryon, ="? WE) = 195 Hey
M(a0) - H(Z)= Wt -13/5= 357 Ke eos |
But BM(k) > 35% fev |
/ Wor fossl8le /
| ©) Coald deceg mis S2-1 bowen + 2 Keons
Se-1 baryon , lightest 6 A
HX) -H(A)= 672 - WS = 552 Hey
But 2k) > 957 Mev |
Then, We oe oft wth Weok econ & the only psi bilby
k
ij
a
B
a | @) Wate af id sketes They must be sfumeliic |
| ude 4252 becouse J(B)=0 so Ltmm=o
| The, welll decagde decompose the physcal eles |
Setemils isospin._pieces _ |
Denote phyeied stotes by [e-> , [#07 , lo o>
Jt = iB jac pe é [rr > = é [2 l20> + 24> ged]
I
i. [gl2*> -Rlk D th (0 o>
5 |
| Q ko-k g lee [E [o> |
: |
e@ | &®: lrry bo Ble - glee> |
bos glee glee: gf br. dla ]+
BAR O- gkO]
i)
Birr a Al-% ee
Add. a spurion s e isospin | 3? to the left site
AY: & of Sx, | BSP = <2 418s, [ Bis?
| Be [ateo= 1b 491k De BO ah?
DK Loti Ss) 24
Nw
rn\el
+
~
ne
~~
Ww
aw
fe
&
V
ie
ow
Nee iN 5
eS
26
® STAEDTLER®
_—__—_1 Co 6
4 Basls [24>
3,
%
[ee B Se, [here Ss, br Shorthoud for the ompltude
|
£2 Tg) 54,12 Ted which dees not depend |
on Tz}
| oe
(Bot T her o O12-% & AT=% components
| [Introduce two Sparions ho |s>- |% 4>
[4
|a’> - L-[S2, [B's + L+-154] B's’ D>
|[Bs> 2 le 451% 42> Gods yleedD
(Ws d= lk -4>|4 a>=@leor+ @lee>
hese lt -D ont hes Too & Far cou bones ,
tus becomes (use [x -7= 2 o> © Fle o> )
aes ze ol Sz,|2 o> “F Lo ol Syl ee0>
6
\ |
A = ont Boe
[Bor hen MJ-% & AY- 5 Components
A’: Hl F%,| Bs> + S01] 4%) Bs D> | hdreae Wo howe ool, warbed out [BD & [Bte>
Mso, wi >= [lz - zz loo>
=> fp": Bade! Ss) 20> - 2% eel Se leed
gos | a
Ih ° Sa" GO
Now verity
Computation Pad
@ STAEDTLER'
a-
Se
:
:
>
Brw. Pssible Bom” pexpuns ore
Oe
But diegre Bro 1 (uz)
o Brom (d7)
Sunuing Hen & BY ai (ured)
Buk the Tt uaodd wet uaedd
ie Jz
