CCCH: AGCH NCH PCH /RACH

Mobile originating calls:

09490741
NSS (network switching centre) = BSS(BTS+BSC)+MSC
MS ->BTS ->Air interface Um
BTS->BSC -> Abis interface
1)MSC(Speech calls Circuit switched data)
MS -> BTS -> BSC ->-2)SGCN(Packet data calls),GPRS,EGPRS
Transcoder unit ->besides MSC or BSC OR BTS
PCU -> Packet data compression
TRAU frames -> speech frames route through transcoder unit
PCU frames : route through SGCN packet data frames
BTS : channel encoding & decoding
User traffic : no role of BSC
1TDMA frame = 60/13 ms
time slot = 60/(13*8)
13th frame ->link management ->SACCH
1 time slot = 156.25 symbols
6Tail bits+ 57 bits encoded bits part1 +1 bit stealing flag + 26bits training se
quence bits+
1stealing flag+ 57 encode bits part2+ 6tailbits + 8.25 gaurdbits
stealing flag=1 ->over write speech for control message
FACCH message signalling message
E/T1 trunk lines -> legacy abis
Ethernet -> packet lines
22.8kbps ->channel codec -> 13kbps ->rate adatption ->16kbps-> trunk lines
E1 = 32 slots
T1=24 slots
E1 frame = 256 bits
abis or E1 time slots =32
each slot has 8 bits
256 bits/ one E1 frame
8000 E1 frames/seconds or each E1 frame at 125microsec
data rate = 8000*256 = 2Mbps
minimum = 1bit =8000bits = 8kbps for that user
2bits = 8000*2 = 16kbps
1frequency occupies 2 time slots

sufficiency of saach burst:

Full rate : 1 sacch per 26 frames 1 is idle 25th one
Half rate : 1 sacch per 26frames
slow associated control channel = signalling message
all signalling message in gsm = 23 octets
sacch is a logical channel
signalling message can be sent on any of the logical channel.
184 bits -> channel encoder 456 bits ->transmitted in 4 bursts
184 bits+40 bits Fire encoder+4 tail bits -> 1/2 rate convolution encoder -> 456
bits

NSS (network switching centre) = BSS(BTS+BSC)+MSC

MS ->BTS ->Air interface Um
BTS->BSC -> Abis interface
1)MSC(Speech calls Circuit switched data)
MS -> BTS -> BSC ->-2)SGCN(Packet data calls),GPRS,EGPRS
Transcoder unit ->besides MSC or BSC OR BTS
PCU -> Packet data compression
TRAU frames -> speech frames route through transcoder unit
PCU frames : route through SGCN packet data frames
BTS : channel encoding & decoding
User traffic : no role of BSC
1TDMA frame = 60/13 ms
time slot = 60/(13*8)
13th frame ->link management ->SACCH
1 time slot = 156.25 symbols
6Tail bits+ 57 bits encoded bits part1 +1 bit stealing flag + 26bits training se
quence bits+
1stealing flag+ 57 encode bits part2+ 6tailbits + 8.25 gaurdbits
stealing flag=1 ->over write speech for control message
FACCH message signalling message
E/T1 trunk lines -> legacy abis
Ethernet -> packet lines
22.8kbps ->channel codec -> 13kbps ->rate adatption ->16kbps-> trunk lines
E1 = 32 slots
T1=24 slots

E1 frame = 256 bits

abis or E1 time slots =32
each slot has 8 bits
256 bits/ one E1 frame
8000 E1 frames/seconds or each E1 frame at 125microsec
data rate = 8000*256 = 2Mbps
minimum = 1bit =8000bits = 8kbps for that user
2bits = 8000*2 = 16kbps
1frequency occupies 2 time slots
sufficiency of saach burst:
Full rate : 1 sacch per 26 frames 1 is idle 25th one
Half rate : 1 sacch per 26frames
slow associated control channel = signalling message
all signalling message in gsm = 23 octets
sacch is a logical channel
signalling message can be sent on any of the logical channel.
184 bits -> channel encoder 456 bits ->transmitted in 4 bursts
184 bits+40 bits Fire encoder+4 tail bits -> 1/2 rate convolution encoder -> 456
bits
so to transmit a signalling message 4 bursts are needed.
difference b/w two sacch bursts = 120ms
total sacch mesage = 4*120ms = 480ms
sacch mesage : cell measurements ,
distance from BTS,
1symbol = 553metres delay (nearly 1/2km)
1/2 km/1/2sec = 3600kmph
for packet data once in 2 seconds 900kmph can handle
for speech data once in 1/2 seconds
0 1 2 .................25
T2 counter = FN mod 26 , 0 to 25
T2 = 12 SACCH full rate burst is sent
T2 = 25 SACCH Half rate burst is sent
Multiplexing of BCCH time slots:
common time slot
not dedicated to any user

0 1 2 3 4....
FN0->FCCH -> all zeros 148bits ->GMSK gives sinusoidal waveform
FN1 ->SCH
FN2,3,4,5 ->BCCH block -> system/broadcast info
FN6,7,8,9->CCCH block 0
FN 10->FCCH
FN11 ->SCH
FN12,13,14,15
FN15 16 17 18
FN50 ->Idle
0 to 50 pattern repeats
T3 counter = FN mod 51
0 1 2 3 --------23 24 25 26 27 --------------48 49 50 51 52 53
T2
T3
1 super frame = 26 51-multi frame = 51 26-multiframe = 1326 frames
T1 counter = counts the number of super frames
T1 counter = incremented after 1326 frames
when T2=T3 =0 T1 is incremented.
T1 = (FN/1326)mod 2048
Largest FN value = 2048*1326-1
1Hyperframe = 2048 super frames
T2->Traffic channels
T3 ->Control channels
T3=0,10,20,30,40 ->FCCH All zeros
1,11,21,31,41 ->SCH
SCH : Network colour code + Base station colour code = PLMN Code
NCC -> Operator identification 3-bits
BCC -> To select training sequence code from training sequence set of 8. 3-bi
ts
T3 = 2,3,4,5 ->BCCH System info messages
T2= 5 bits 0 to 25
T1 = 11 bits 0 to 2047
T3 = 6 bits
T3' = (T3-1)/10 (SCH) 0,1,2,3,4 -> 3-bits
total = 5+11+3+3+3 = 25bits content on SCH
25-bits -> channel encoding -> 78 bits
frame format FCH
3Tail bits+39 encoded bits-part1+64 bit sequence + 39 encoded bits-part2 + 3 tai
l bits+8.25 Guard
64 bit sequence is same always

NSS (network switching centre) = BSS(BTS+BSC)+MSC

MS ->BTS ->Air interface Um
BTS->BSC -> Abis interface
1)MSC(Speech calls Circuit switched data)
MS -> BTS -> BSC ->-2)SGCN(Packet data calls),GPRS,EGPRS
Transcoder unit ->besides MSC or BSC OR BTS
PCU -> Packet data compression
TRAU frames -> speech frames route through transcoder unit
PCU frames : route through SGCN packet data frames
BTS : channel encoding & decoding
User traffic : no role of BSC
1TDMA frame = 60/13 ms
time slot = 60/(13*8)
13th frame ->link management ->SACCH
1 time slot = 156.25 symbols
6Tail bits+ 57 bits encoded bits part1 +1 bit stealing flag + 26bits training se
quence bits+
1stealing flag+ 57 encode bits part2+ 6tailbits + 8.25 gaurdbits
stealing flag=1 ->over write speech for control message
FACCH message signalling message
E/T1 trunk lines -> legacy abis
Ethernet -> packet lines
22.8kbps ->channel codec -> 13kbps ->rate adatption ->16kbps-> trunk lines
E1 = 32 slots
T1=24 slots
E1 frame = 256 bits
abis or E1 time slots =32
each slot has 8 bits
256 bits/ one E1 frame
8000 E1 frames/seconds or each E1 frame at 125microsec
data rate = 8000*256 = 2Mbps
minimum = 1bit =8000bits = 8kbps for that user
2bits = 8000*2 = 16kbps
1frequency occupies 2 time slots

sufficiency of saach burst:

Full rate : 1 sacch per 26 frames 1 is idle 25th one
Half rate : 1 sacch per 26frames
slow associated control channel = signalling message
all signalling message in gsm = 23 octets
sacch is a logical channel
signalling message can be sent on any of the logical channel.
184 bits -> channel encoder 456 bits ->transmitted in 4 bursts
184 bits+40 bits Fire encoder+4 tail bits -> 1/2 rate convolution encoder -> 456
bits
so to transmit a signalling message 4 bursts are needed.
difference b/w two sacch bursts = 120ms
total sacch mesage = 4*120ms = 480ms
sacch mesage : cell measurements ,
distance from BTS,
1symbol = 553metres delay (nearly 1/2km)
1/2 km/1/2sec = 3600kmph
for packet data once in 2 seconds 900kmph can handle
for speech data once in 1/2 seconds
0 1 2 .................25
T2 counter = FN mod 26 , 0 to 25
T2 = 12 SACCH full rate burst is sent
T2 = 25 SACCH Half rate burst is sent
Multiplexing of BCCH time slots:
common time slot
not dedicated to any user
0 1 2 3 4....
FN0->FCCH -> all zeros 148bits ->GMSK gives sinusoidal waveform
FN1 ->SCH
FN2,3,4,5 ->BCCH block -> system/broadcast info
FN6,7,8,9->CCCH block 0
FN 10->FCCH
FN11 ->SCH
FN12,13,14,15
FN15 16 17 18
FN50 ->Idle
0 to 50 pattern repeats
T3 counter = FN mod 51

0 1 2 3 --------23 24 25 26 27 --------------48 49 50 51 52 53
T2
T3
1 super frame = 26 51-multi frame = 51 26-multiframe = 1326 frames
T1 counter = counts the number of super frames
T1 counter = incremented after 1326 frames
when T2=T3 =0 T1 is incremented.
T1 = (FN/1326)mod 2048
Largest FN value = 2048*1326-1
1Hyperframe = 2048 super frames
T2->Traffic channels
T3 ->Control channels
T3=0,10,20,30,40 ->FCCH All zeros
1,11,21,31,41 ->SCH
SCH : Network colour code + Base station colour code = PLMN Code
NCC -> Operator identification 3-bits
BCC -> To select training sequence code from training sequence set of 8. 3-bi
ts
T3 = 2,3,4,5 ->BCCH System info messages
T2= 5 bits 0 to 25
T1 = 11 bits 0 to 2047
T3 = 6 bits
T3' = (T3-1)/10 (SCH) 0,1,2,3,4 -> 3-bits
total = 5+11+3+3+3 = 25bits content on SCH
25-bits -> channel encoding -> 78 bits
frame format SCH sync burst
3Tail bits+39 encoded bits-part1+64 bit sequence + 39 encoded bits-part2 + 3 tai
l bits+8.25 Guard
64 bit sequence is same always
SCH is single burst.
uncombined CCCH
Downlink BCCH time slot 0
FCCH(0)+SCH(1)+BCCH(2-5)+CCCH-0(6-9)+FCCH(10)+SCH(11)+CCCH-1(12-15)+CCCH-2(16-19
)+FCCH(20)+
SCH(21)+CCCH-3(22-25)+CCCH-4(26-29)+FCCH(30)+SCH(31)+CCCH-5(32-35)+CCCH-6(36-39)
+FCCH(40)+
SCH(41)+CCCH-7(42-45)+CCCH-8(46-49)+Idle(50)
combined CCCH:
It has only 3 CCCH blocks
CCCH3->SDDCH0
CCCH4->SDCCH1
CCCH5->SDCCH2
CCCH6->SDCCH3
CCCH7->SACCH0

CCCH8->SACCH1
NEXT frame
CCCH3->SDDCH0
CCCH4->SDCCH1
CCCH5->SDCCH2
CCCH6->SDCCH3
CCCH7->SACCH2
CCCH8->SACCH3
CCCH :Common control channel
used for Either call request/channel request or paging.
Uplink :
51 frames are available for RACH
BTS Will respond through Immediate assignment command
CCCH= channel request on RACH + AGCH (you will get respond on this )+PCH(Paging
channel)+NCH(Railway applications,Notification channel)
RACH ->UL
other ->DL
call: RACH AGCH SDCCH TCH
SDCCH : temporary allocation for hand shake .
51- multi frame format
Discontinuous reception(DRx):
Paging request/Receive on particular/single CCCH.
Battery save
Paging period:
In a given paging period one PCH block is assigned to mobile & mobile knows that
a prior.
No.of PCH blocks in a 51-multi frames = 9-AGCH
Paging period = 2 to 9 51-multi frames
Control channels:
---------------------TS1 12TRx = 1BCCH TRx+11 Non BCCH TRx
Assume TS1 is allocated to SDCCH
1 time slot supports 8 SDCCH = SDCCH/8
SDCCH:
SDCCH(0-3)+SDCCH(4-7)+.......+SACCH(32-35)+SACCH(36-39)+SACCH(40-43)+SACCH(44-47
)+Idle(48-50)
SDCCH(0-3)+SDCCH(4-7)+.......+SACCH(32-35)+SACCH(36-39)+SACCH(40-43)+SACCH(44-47
)+Idle(48-50)

Normat Burst format

156.25
3TB+57+1+26T+1+57+3TB+8.25GP packet data ->no stealing flag

High symbol rate Normal burst

187.5 symbol rate EGPRS
4TB+69+31TS+69+4TB+10.50
Sync Burst
3+39+64+39+3+8.25
Access burst:
Channel request message -> 8/11bit
11bit->EGPRS
8bit->Circuit/speech calls
establishment calls -> why I need the channel (for making/answering call??) 3-6b
its
Random reference calls -> remaining bits
8TB+41Training sequence +36 encoded bits + 3TB =88bits+68.25Gaurd period
8bit -> 1 41 sequence patterns
11 bit -> 2 patterns -> 1)Mobile is capable of EGPRS/8-PSK in UL
2)not capable
UL:
EGPRS:
MCS 1 to 4 GMSK
MCS 5 to 9 8-PSK
GPRS:
CS 1-4 : GMSK
DL: All
Frequency hopping:
Cell Allocation: All frequencies available.
MA: list of frequencies to be used by mobile.
MAIO : unique to each mobile 0 to N-1
MAI = (FN+MAIO)mod N (N-> number of frequencies in MA list)
HSN : cyclic hopping /Random hopping
MAI = (S+MAIO)mod N
S= f(HSN,FN)
8 Full rate users on 1TRx
16 Half rate users on 1TRx
16 Full rate Vamos users on 1TRx
32 Half rate Vamos users on 1TRx
for VAmos support two training 26bits two patterns came into existence.
Vamos : Orthogonal channels OSE
BB Hopping
Number of MA = Number of TRx
DFCA Hopping

1)Burst

How many TCH/SACCH/Idle bursts are there in 60ms

13 for a given user
How many bursts are there in a TDMA frame
8
Physical bursts = 13*8=104
for a given user =8

channel description:
-----------------------1)Frequency
2)Time slot number
3)Sub channel number SDDCH /TCH
4)Training sequence Code, set1/set2
5)Frequency hopping enable
if enabled ARFN
if not
6) channel type & TDMA offset

NSS (network switching centre) = BSS(BTS+BSC)+MSC

MS ->BTS ->Air interface Um
BTS->BSC -> Abis interface
1)MSC(Speech calls Circuit switched data)
MS -> BTS -> BSC ->-2)SGCN(Packet data calls),GPRS,EGPRS
Transcoder unit ->besides MSC or BSC OR BTS
PCU -> Packet data compression
TRAU frames -> speech frames route through transcoder unit
PCU frames : route through SGCN packet data frames
BTS : channel encoding & decoding
User traffic : no role of BSC
1TDMA frame = 60/13 ms
time slot = 60/(13*8)
13th frame ->link management ->SACCH
1 time slot = 156.25 symbols
6Tail bits+ 57 bits encoded bits part1 +1 bit stealing flag + 26bits training se
quence bits+
1stealing flag+ 57 encode bits part2+ 6tailbits + 8.25 gaurdbits
stealing flag=1 ->over write speech for control message

FACCH message signalling message

E/T1 trunk lines -> legacy abis
Ethernet -> packet lines
22.8kbps ->channel codec -> 13kbps ->rate adatption ->16kbps-> trunk lines
E1 = 32 slots
T1=24 slots
E1 frame = 256 bits
abis or E1 time slots =32
each slot has 8 bits
256 bits/ one E1 frame
8000 E1 frames/seconds or each E1 frame at 125microsec
data rate = 8000*256 = 2Mbps
minimum = 1bit =8000bits = 8kbps for that user
2bits = 8000*2 = 16kbps
1frequency occupies 2 time slots
sufficiency of saach burst:
Full rate : 1 sacch per 26 frames 1 is idle 25th one
Half rate : 1 sacch per 26frames
slow associated control channel = signalling message
all signalling message in gsm = 23 octets
sacch is a logical channel
signalling message can be sent on any of the logical channel.
184 bits -> channel encoder 456 bits ->transmitted in 4 bursts
184 bits+40 bits Fire encoder+4 tail bits -> 1/2 rate convolution encoder -> 456
bits
so to transmit a signalling message 4 bursts are needed.
difference b/w two sacch bursts = 120ms
total sacch mesage = 4*120ms = 480ms
sacch mesage : cell measurements ,
distance from BTS,
1symbol = 553metres delay (nearly 1/2km)
1/2 km/1/2sec = 3600kmph
for packet data once in 2 seconds 900kmph can handle
for speech data once in 1/2 seconds

0 1 2 .................25
T2 counter = FN mod 26 , 0 to 25
T2 = 12 SACCH full rate burst is sent
T2 = 25 SACCH Half rate burst is sent
Multiplexing of BCCH time slots:
common time slot
not dedicated to any user
0 1 2 3 4....
FN0->FCCH -> all zeros 148bits ->GMSK gives sinusoidal waveform
FN1 ->SCH
FN2,3,4,5 ->BCCH block -> system/broadcast info
FN6,7,8,9->CCCH block 0
FN 10->FCCH
FN11 ->SCH
FN12,13,14,15
FN15 16 17 18
FN50 ->Idle
0 to 50 pattern repeats
T3 counter = FN mod 51
0 1 2 3 --------23 24 25 26 27 --------------48 49 50 51 52 53
T2
T3
1 super frame = 26 51-multi frame = 51 26-multiframe = 1326 frames
T1 counter = counts the number of super frames
T1 counter = incremented after 1326 frames
when T2=T3 =0 T1 is incremented.
T1 = (FN/1326)mod 2048
Largest FN value = 2048*1326-1
1Hyperframe = 2048 super frames
T2->Traffic channels
T3 ->Control channels
T3=0,10,20,30,40 ->FCCH All zeros
1,11,21,31,41 ->SCH
SCH : Network colour code + Base station colour code = PLMN Code
NCC -> Operator identification 3-bits
BCC -> To select training sequence code from training sequence set of 8. 3-bi
ts
T3 = 2,3,4,5 ->BCCH System info messages
T2= 5 bits 0 to 25
T1 = 11 bits 0 to 2047
T3 = 6 bits
T3' = (T3-1)/10 (SCH) 0,1,2,3,4 -> 3-bits

total = 5+11+3+3+3 = 25bits content on SCH

25-bits -> channel encoding -> 78 bits
frame format SCH sync burst
3Tail bits+39 encoded bits-part1+64 bit sequence + 39 encoded bits-part2 + 3 tai
l bits+8.25 Guard
64 bit sequence is same always
SCH is single burst.
uncombined CCCH
Downlink BCCH time slot 0
FCCH(0)+SCH(1)+BCCH(2-5)+CCCH-0(6-9)+FCCH(10)+SCH(11)+CCCH-1(12-15)+CCCH-2(16-19
)+FCCH(20)+
SCH(21)+CCCH-3(22-25)+CCCH-4(26-29)+FCCH(30)+SCH(31)+CCCH-5(32-35)+CCCH-6(36-39)
+FCCH(40)+
SCH(41)+CCCH-7(42-45)+CCCH-8(46-49)+Idle(50)
combined CCCH:
It has only 3 CCCH blocks
CCCH3->SDDCH0
CCCH4->SDCCH1
CCCH5->SDCCH2
CCCH6->SDCCH3
CCCH7->SACCH0
CCCH8->SACCH1
NEXT frame
CCCH3->SDDCH0
CCCH4->SDCCH1
CCCH5->SDCCH2
CCCH6->SDCCH3
CCCH7->SACCH2
CCCH8->SACCH3
CCCH :Common control channel
used for Either call request/channel request or paging.
Uplink :
51 frames are available for RACH
BTS Will respond through Immediate assignment command
CCCH= channel request on RACH + AGCH (you will get respond on this )+PCH(Paging
channel)+NCH(Railway applications,Notification channel)
RACH ->UL
other ->DL
call: RACH AGCH SDCCH TCH
SDCCH : temporary allocation for hand shake .
51- multi frame format
Discontinuous reception(DRx):
Paging request/Receive on particular/single CCCH.
Battery save

Paging period:
In a given paging period one PCH block is assigned to mobile & mobile knows that
a prior.
No.of PCH blocks in a 51-multi frames = 9-AGCH
Paging period = 2 to 9 51-multi frames
Control channels:
---------------------TS1 12TRx = 1BCCH TRx+11 Non BCCH TRx
Assume TS1 is allocated to SDCCH
1 time slot supports 8 SDCCH = SDCCH/8
SDCCH:
SDCCH(0-3)+SDCCH(4-7)+.......+SACCH(32-35)+SACCH(36-39)+SACCH(40-43)+SACCH(44-47
)+Idle(48-50)
SDCCH(0-3)+SDCCH(4-7)+.......+SACCH(32-35)+SACCH(36-39)+SACCH(40-43)+SACCH(44-47
)+Idle(48-50)

Normat Burst format

156.25
3TB+57+1+26T+1+57+3TB+8.25GP packet data ->no stealing flag
High symbol rate Normal burst
187.5 symbol rate EGPRS
4TB+69+31TS+69+4TB+10.50
Sync Burst
3+39+64+39+3+8.25
Access burst:
Channel request message -> 8/11bit
11bit->EGPRS
8bit->Circuit/speech calls
establishment calls -> why I need the channel (for making/answering call??) 3-6b
its
Random reference calls -> remaining bits
8TB+41Training sequence +36 encoded bits + 3TB =88bits+68.25Gaurd period
8bit -> 1 41 sequence patterns
11 bit -> 2 patterns -> 1)Mobile is capable of EGPRS/8-PSK in UL
2)not capable
UL:
EGPRS:
MCS 1 to 4 GMSK
MCS 5 to 9 8-PSK
GPRS:
CS 1-4 : GMSK
DL: All

Frequency hopping:
Cell Allocation: All frequencies available.
MA: list of frequencies to be used by mobile.
MAIO : unique to each mobile 0 to N-1
MAI = (FN+MAIO)mod N (N-> number of frequencies in MA list)
HSN : cyclic hopping /Random hopping
MAI = (S+MAIO)mod N
S= f(HSN,FN)
8 Full rate users on 1TRx
16 Half rate users on 1TRx
16 Full rate Vamos users on 1TRx
32 Half rate Vamos users on 1TRx
for VAmos support two training 26bits two patterns came into existence.
Vamos : Orthogonal channels OSE
BB Hopping
Number of MA = Number of TRx
DFCA Hopping

1)Burst
How many TCH/SACCH/Idle bursts are there in 60ms
13 for a given user
How many bursts are there in a TDMA frame
8
Physical bursts = 13*8=104
for a given user =8

BCF : SOM BSC downloads s/w through

BCF Object > BTS objects -> TRx Objects
(whole site) (sector in each site)
GSM cell : 1BCCH frequency+Non BCCH
1BCCH
2BCCH
3BCCH
4BCCH
5NBCCH
6NBCCH
7NBCCH
8NBCCH
9NBCCH
10NBCCH
11NBCCH
12NBCCH
900,1800 bands
25MHz 75MHz

900 band
1st sector
1BCCH
2BCCH
3BCCH
4BCCH
2nd sector
5NBCCH
6NBCCH
7NBCCH
8NBCCH
3rd sector
9NBCCH
10NBCCH
11NBCCH
12NBCCH

1800 band
1BCCH
2BCCH
3BCCH
4BCCH

segment1

5NBCCH
6NBCCH
7NBCCH
8NBCCH

segment2

9NBCCH
10NBCCH
11NBCCH
12NBCCH

segment3

2 BTS objects = 1cell = segment

Sector != BTS object For multi BCF
Sector = BTS object For single BCF
segment can be across different/same BCF with different Frequency bands.
Codec used is indicated by CMI Codec mode Indication
CMC Bits
CMR Codec mode request
DTx:
Voice activity detector VAD is part of Voice encoding.
indicates speech there /not
CNG parameters : Comfort noise generation parameters
Full rate = CNR parameters updated once in 480ms 8bursts out of 24*4 bursts
Half rate = 240ms
SID silence description
52-59
Speech ->No speech ->SID_First
SID Update
No speech -> Speech -> ONSET

NSN BTS Family:

channel description:
-----------------------1)Frequency
2)Time slot number
3)Sub channel number SDDCH /TCH
4)Training sequence Code, set1/set2
5)Frequency hopping enable
if enabled ARFN
if not
6) channel type & TDMA offset

NSS (network switching centre) = BSS(BTS+BSC)+MSC

MS ->BTS ->Air interface Um
BTS->BSC -> Abis interface
1)MSC(Speech calls Circuit switched data)
MS -> BTS -> BSC ->-2)SGCN(Packet data calls),GPRS,EGPRS
Transcoder unit ->besides MSC or BSC OR BTS
PCU -> Packet data compression
TRAU frames -> speech frames route through transcoder unit
PCU frames : route through SGCN packet data frames
BTS : channel encoding & decoding
User traffic : no role of BSC
1TDMA frame = 60/13 ms
time slot = 60/(13*8)
13th frame ->link management ->SACCH
1 time slot = 156.25 symbols

6Tail bits+ 57 bits encoded bits part1 +1 bit stealing flag + 26bits training se
quence bits+
1stealing flag+ 57 encode bits part2+ 6tailbits + 8.25 gaurdbits
stealing flag=1 ->over write speech for control message
FACCH message signalling message
E/T1 trunk lines -> legacy abis
Ethernet -> packet lines
22.8kbps ->channel codec -> 13kbps ->rate adatption ->16kbps-> trunk lines
E1 = 32 slots
T1=24 slots
E1 frame = 256 bits
abis or E1 time slots =32
each slot has 8 bits
256 bits/ one E1 frame
8000 E1 frames/seconds or each E1 frame at 125microsec
data rate = 8000*256 = 2Mbps
minimum = 1bit =8000bits = 8kbps for that user
2bits = 8000*2 = 16kbps
1frequency occupies 2 time slots
sufficiency of saach burst:
Full rate : 1 sacch per 26 frames 1 is idle 25th one
Half rate : 1 sacch per 26frames
slow associated control channel = signalling message
all signalling message in gsm = 23 octets
sacch is a logical channel
signalling message can be sent on any of the logical channel.
184 bits -> channel encoder 456 bits ->transmitted in 4 bursts
184 bits+40 bits Fire encoder+4 tail bits -> 1/2 rate convolution encoder -> 456
bits
so to transmit a signalling message 4 bursts are needed.
difference b/w two sacch bursts = 120ms
total sacch mesage = 4*120ms = 480ms
sacch mesage : cell measurements ,
distance from BTS,
1symbol = 553metres delay (nearly 1/2km)
1/2 km/1/2sec = 3600kmph

for packet data once in 2 seconds 900kmph can handle

for speech data once in 1/2 seconds
0 1 2 .................25
T2 counter = FN mod 26 , 0 to 25
T2 = 12 SACCH full rate burst is sent
T2 = 25 SACCH Half rate burst is sent
Multiplexing of BCCH time slots:
common time slot
not dedicated to any user
0 1 2 3 4....
FN0->FCCH -> all zeros 148bits ->GMSK gives sinusoidal waveform
FN1 ->SCH
FN2,3,4,5 ->BCCH block -> system/broadcast info
FN6,7,8,9->CCCH block 0
FN 10->FCCH
FN11 ->SCH
FN12,13,14,15
FN15 16 17 18
FN50 ->Idle
0 to 50 pattern repeats
T3 counter = FN mod 51
0 1 2 3 --------23 24 25 26 27 --------------48 49 50 51 52 53
T2
T3
1 super frame = 26 51-multi frame = 51 26-multiframe = 1326 frames
T1 counter = counts the number of super frames
T1 counter = incremented after 1326 frames
when T2=T3 =0 T1 is incremented.
T1 = (FN/1326)mod 2048
Largest FN value = 2048*1326-1
1Hyperframe = 2048 super frames
T2->Traffic channels
T3 ->Control channels
T3=0,10,20,30,40 ->FCCH All zeros
1,11,21,31,41 ->SCH
SCH : Network colour code + Base station colour code = PLMN Code
NCC -> Operator identification 3-bits
BCC -> To select training sequence code from training sequence set of 8. 3-bi
ts
T3 = 2,3,4,5 ->BCCH System info messages

T2= 5 bits 0 to 25
T1 = 11 bits 0 to 2047
T3 = 6 bits
T3' = (T3-1)/10 (SCH) 0,1,2,3,4 -> 3-bits
total = 5+11+3+3+3 = 25bits content on SCH
25-bits -> channel encoding -> 78 bits
frame format SCH sync burst
3Tail bits+39 encoded bits-part1+64 bit sequence + 39 encoded bits-part2 + 3 tai
l bits+8.25 Guard
64 bit sequence is same always
SCH is single burst.
uncombined CCCH
Downlink BCCH time slot 0
FCCH(0)+SCH(1)+BCCH(2-5)+CCCH-0(6-9)+FCCH(10)+SCH(11)+CCCH-1(12-15)+CCCH-2(16-19
)+FCCH(20)+
SCH(21)+CCCH-3(22-25)+CCCH-4(26-29)+FCCH(30)+SCH(31)+CCCH-5(32-35)+CCCH-6(36-39)
+FCCH(40)+
SCH(41)+CCCH-7(42-45)+CCCH-8(46-49)+Idle(50)
combined CCCH:
It has only 3 CCCH blocks
CCCH3->SDDCH0
CCCH4->SDCCH1
CCCH5->SDCCH2
CCCH6->SDCCH3
CCCH7->SACCH0
CCCH8->SACCH1
NEXT frame
CCCH3->SDDCH0
CCCH4->SDCCH1
CCCH5->SDCCH2
CCCH6->SDCCH3
CCCH7->SACCH2
CCCH8->SACCH3
CCCH :Common control channel
used for Either call request/channel request or paging.
Uplink :
51 frames are available for RACH
BTS Will respond through Immediate assignment command
CCCH= channel request on RACH + AGCH (you will get respond on this )+PCH(Paging
channel)+NCH(Railway applications,Notification channel)
RACH ->UL
other ->DL
call: RACH AGCH SDCCH TCH
SDCCH : temporary allocation for hand shake .
51- multi frame format

Discontinuous reception(DRx):
Paging request/Receive on particular/single CCCH.
Battery save
Paging period:
In a given paging period one PCH block is assigned to mobile & mobile knows that
a prior.
No.of PCH blocks in a 51-multi frames = 9-AGCH
Paging period = 2 to 9 51-multi frames
Control channels:
---------------------TS1 12TRx = 1BCCH TRx+11 Non BCCH TRx
Assume TS1 is allocated to SDCCH
1 time slot supports 8 SDCCH = SDCCH/8
SDCCH:
SDCCH(0-3)+SDCCH(4-7)+.......+SACCH(32-35)+SACCH(36-39)+SACCH(40-43)+SACCH(44-47
)+Idle(48-50)
SDCCH(0-3)+SDCCH(4-7)+.......+SACCH(32-35)+SACCH(36-39)+SACCH(40-43)+SACCH(44-47
)+Idle(48-50)

Normat Burst format

156.25
3TB+57+1+26T+1+57+3TB+8.25GP packet data ->no stealing flag
High symbol rate Normal burst
187.5 symbol rate EGPRS
4TB+69+31TS+69+4TB+10.50
Sync Burst
3+39+64+39+3+8.25
Access burst:
Channel request message -> 8/11bit
11bit->EGPRS
8bit->Circuit/speech calls
establishment calls -> why I need the channel (for making/answering call??) 3-6b
its
Random reference calls -> remaining bits
8TB+41Training sequence +36 encoded bits + 3TB =88bits+68.25Gaurd period
8bit -> 1 41 sequence patterns
11 bit -> 2 patterns -> 1)Mobile is capable of EGPRS/8-PSK in UL
2)not capable
UL:
EGPRS:
MCS 1 to 4 GMSK
MCS 5 to 9 8-PSK

GPRS:
CS 1-4 : GMSK
DL: All
Frequency hopping:
Cell Allocation: All frequencies available.
MA: list of frequencies to be used by mobile.
MAIO : unique to each mobile 0 to N-1
MAI = (FN+MAIO)mod N (N-> number of frequencies in MA list)
HSN : cyclic hopping /Random hopping
MAI = (S+MAIO)mod N
S= f(HSN,FN)
8 Full rate users on 1TRx
16 Half rate users on 1TRx
16 Full rate Vamos users on 1TRx
32 Half rate Vamos users on 1TRx
for VAmos support two training 26bits two patterns came into existence.
Vamos : Orthogonal channels OSE
BB Hopping
Number of MA = Number of TRx
DFCA Hopping

1)Burst
How many TCH/SACCH/Idle bursts are there in 60ms
13 for a given user
How many bursts are there in a TDMA frame
8
Physical bursts = 13*8=104
for a given user =8

BCF : SOM BSC downloads s/w through

BCF Object > BTS objects -> TRx Objects
(whole site) (sector in each site)
GSM cell : 1BCCH frequency+Non BCCH
1BCCH
2BCCH
3BCCH
4BCCH
5NBCCH
6NBCCH
7NBCCH
8NBCCH
9NBCCH
10NBCCH
11NBCCH

12NBCCH
900,1800 bands
25MHz 75MHz
900 band
1st sector
1BCCH
2BCCH
3BCCH
4BCCH
2nd sector
5NBCCH
6NBCCH
7NBCCH
8NBCCH
3rd sector
9NBCCH
10NBCCH
11NBCCH
12NBCCH

1800 band
1BCCH
2BCCH
3BCCH
4BCCH

segment1

5NBCCH
6NBCCH
7NBCCH
8NBCCH

segment2

9NBCCH
10NBCCH
11NBCCH
12NBCCH

segment3

2 BTS objects = 1cell = segment

Sector != BTS object For multi BCF
Sector = BTS object For single BCF
segment can be across different/same BCF with different Frequency bands.
Codec used is indicated by CMI Codec mode Indication
CMC Bits
CMR Codec mode request
DTx:
Voice activity detector VAD is part of Voice encoding.
indicates speech there /not
CNG parameters : Comfort noise generation parameters
Full rate = CNR parameters updated once in 480ms 8bursts out of 24*4 bursts
Half rate = 240ms
SID silence description
52-59
Speech ->No speech ->SID_First
SID Update
No speech -> Speech -> ONSET

NSN BTS Family:

Ultra
Flexi
Flexu
Flexi
Flexi

site BTS:
Edge BTS -> Epsilon
multi BTS ->Medusa
Compact ->Crocket
MultiRadi10 ->FSM3

Ultra site BTS:

BB1---BB6
RF1---RF12
12TRx
BIO card->SOM
Txn ->BB
1BB = 2DSPs(16410) + 1 intel processor + 1 EFBIA Asic + 1EDIBA Asic + 1 EMUCA
1RF = 1ETXA+1ETRX
Flexi Edge BTS :
1DSP (6416) + 1ASIC (EROS)
ESMA:SOM s/w+Txn s/w
6 DTRX = 12 carriers
ESEA Extension system module A
24 TRx
EXxA
EXGA 900
EXDA 1800
6482
ZEUS Asic
Flexu multi BTS ->Medusa
ESMB/ESMC
2RFM ->2*18 =36
6DSP to support 36TRx
6488-> Faraday
three core DSP
1 Core = 2carriers
3DSPS = MIDAS Asic

Flexi Compact ->Crocket

Flexi MultiRadi10
DSP : Nyquist 6616
no Asic
1DSP : 12 Carriers
6DSP
72 Carriers support
Baseband pooling : support of multiple BCFs
TRAU & PCU frame formats in Legacy Abis:
TCH/FR 16Kbps on Abis
260bits/20ms 320bits/20ms
16zeros + one sync pattern in the begining of TRAU frame
Half rate

5.6kbps
112bits/20ms 160bits/20ms
8zeros+1
4 Timing bits at the end ->250us
5 bits -> frame type
channel request messages:
3 types
Channel request
EGPRS Packet channel request
pCaket channel equest
Asynchronous & Synchronous hand over:
sync: 4 access bursts

GPRS:
0 1 -----12 13 14 .......25
each block = 4bursts
12th ->PTCCH
25th ->Idle
T2=12 PTCCH burst
max user per time slot = 16
6 users =1block per user
12 users : 1 block in 240ms
16 users : 1 block in 320ms
GPRS : CS1 to CS4 GMSK
EGPRS: MCS1 to MCS4 GMSK
MCS5 to MCS9 8-PSK
43.064
Anyblock ->PDTCCH or PACCH
PACCH : DL Normal burst
UL Normal burst/Access burst(PACCH)
T2=12 PTCCH Every 120ms
120ms *16 =1920ms
To a mobile inform after 16 26-Multi frames
Mobile will send access burst for every 16 26-Multi frames
1 time slot = 16 users
Sub channel Number (TAI)= (FN Mod 416)/26
Timing advance Index

channel description:
-----------------------1)Frequency
2)Time slot number
3)Sub channel number SDDCH /TCH
4)Training sequence Code, set1/set2
5)Frequency hopping enable
if enabled ARFN
if not
6) channel type & TDMA offset